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HomeMy WebLinkAbout1070-1080 San Mateo DEIR mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmC~NI~LJMmLQc:;I~I1c.:SP~QJEQ Draft Environmental Impact Report SCH No. 2009012023 June 2009 City South San Francisco 315 Maple Avenue - P.O. Box 711 South San Francisco, CA 94083 ~ LAMPHIER - GREGORY URBAN PLANNING, ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS & PROJECT MANAGEMENT I 510.535.6690 CONTENTS Page Cha pter 1: Introd u cti on.................................................................................................................... 1-1 Purpose of the Environmental Impact Report.................................................................................. 1-1 EIR Review Process......................................................................................................................... 1-1 Content and Organization of the EIR...............................................................................................1-2 Chapter 2: Executive Summary and Impact Overview .................................................................2-1 Proposed Project............................................................................................................................... 2-1 Impacts and Mitigation Measures.................................................................................................... 2- 2 Significant and Unavoidable Impacts ........................................................................................ 2-2 Impacts Determined Not to be Significant ................................................................................2-3 Significant Irreversible Environmental Changes....................................................................... 2-4 Growth-Inducing Impacts.......................................................................................................... 2-4 Cumulative Impacts................................................................................................................... 2-5 Chapter 3: Project Description ........................................................................................................3-1 Project Location and Site Conditions ............................................................................................... 3-1 Project Description........................................................................................................................... 3-4 Project Objectives............................................................................................................................ 3-9 Intended Uses of This EIR ............................................................................................................. 3-10 Chapter 4: Air Quality ......................................................................................................................4-1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................... 4-1 Setting.............................................................................................................................................. 4-1 Meteorology and Climatology................................................................................................... 4-1 Regulatory Setting..................................................................................................................... 4-2 Existing Air Quality................................................................................................................... 4-4 Impact Analysis...................................................................................................................... ..........4-6 Standards of Significance.......................................................................................................... 4-6 Conflict with Air Quality Plan................................................................................................... 4-6 Air Quality Standards................................................................................................................ 4-7 Cumulatively Air Quality Impacts........................................................................................... 4-11 Sensitive Receptors.................................................................................................................. 4-13 Odors....................................................................................................................................... 4-14 Chapter 5: Geology and Soils...........................................................................................................5-1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................... 5-1 Setting.............................................................................................................................................. 5-1 Regional Seismicity ................................................................................................................... 5-1 Regional Geology...................................................................................................................... 5-4 Site Geology and Soils .............................................................................................................. 5-4 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE i DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT Landsliding and Slope Stability ................................................................................................ 5-5 Primary Seismic Hazards - Surface Fault Rupture................................................................... 5-5 Secondary Seismic Hazards ...................................................................................................... 5-6 Regulatory Setting..................................................................................................................... 5-9 Impact Analysis............................................................................................................................. 5-11 Standards of Significance........................................................................................................ 5-11 Seismic Impacts...................................................................................................................... 5-12 Soil Erosion............................................................................................................................. 5-15 Unstable Geologic Unit........................................................................................................... 5-16 Expansive Soils....................................................................................................................... 5-17 Septic Systems........................................................................................................................ 5-18 Chapter 6: Hazardous Materials.....................................................................................................6-1 Introduction..................................................................................................................................... 6-1 Setting.............................................................................................................................................. 6-2 Regulatory Setting..................................................................................................................... 6-2 Site History ............................................................................................................................... 6-4 Phase I Environmental Site Assessment ................................................................................... 6-5 Vicinity Hazardous Materials Sites........................................................................................... 6-6 Current Contamination Levels and Health Risks ...................................................................... 6-6 Impact Analysis............................................................................................................................... 6-7 Standards of Significance.......................................................................................................... 6-7 Hazardous Materials Use, Transport.........................................................................................6-7 Accidental Hazardous Materials Release ................................................................................ 6-11 Hazardous Materials Sites....................................................................................................... 6-12 Hazardous Materials Near Schools ......................................................................................... 6-15 Airport Land Use Plan ............................................................................................................ 6-16 Adopted Emergency Response Plan....................................................................................... 6-16 Wildland Fires......................................................................................................................... 6-16 Cumulative Hazards and Hazardous Materials Impacts.......................................................... 6-17 Chapter 7: Hydrology ....................................................................................................................... 7-1 Introduction..................................................................................................................................... 7-1 Setting.............................................................................................................................................. 7-1 Climate and Topography ........................................................................................................... 7-1 Regional Hydrology.................................................................................................................. 7-2 Site Hydrology.......................................................................................................................... 7-2 Groundwater.................................................................................................................... .......... 7-3 Flooding.................................................................................................................................... 7-3 Regulatory Setting..................................................................................................................... 7-3 Impact Analysis............................................................................................................................... 7-6 Standards of Significance.......................................................................................................... 7-6 Increased Erosion or Siltation to Receiving Waters.................................................................. 7-7 Water Quality Standards or Water Discharge Requirements .................................................... 7-9 Changes in Stormwater Runoff............................................................................................... 7-11 Groundwater Depletion/Recharge........................................................................................... 7-12 Otherwise Substantially Degrade Water Quality .................................................................... 7-13 Housing Within a 100-Year Flood Hazard Area..................................................................... 7-13 Significant Risk Involving Flooding ....................................................................................... 7-13 Inundation by Seiche, Tsunami or Mudflow........................................................................... 7-13 Cumulative Hydrology Impact Analysis.................................................................................7-14 PAGE ii CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CONTENTS Chapter 8: Land Use .........................................................................................................................8-1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................... 8-1 Setting.............................................................................................................................................. 8-1 History ....................................................................................................................................... 8-1 Existing Uses............................................................................................................................. 8-2 Regulatory Setting..................................................................................................................... 8-3 Impact Analysis...................................................................................................................... ..........8-5 Standards of Significance.......................................................................................................... 8-5 Dividing Established Community.............................................................................................. 8-5 Conflict with Plans and Policies ................................................................................................8-5 Conflict with Conservation Plan................................................................................................ 8-9 Cha pter 9 : Noise................................................................................................................................ 9-1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................... 9-1 Setting.............................................................................................................................................. 9-1 Fundamentals of Sound and Environmental Noise.................................................................... 9-1 Existing Noise Environment...................................................................................................... 9-3 Regulatory Setting..................................................................................................................... 9-4 Impact Analysis...................................................................................................................... ..........9-5 Standards of Significance.......................................................................................................... 9-5 Permanent Noise Increases........................................................................................................ 9-5 Temporary Noise Increases....................................................................................................... 9-6 Groundbome Vibration.............................................................................................................. 9-7 Airports...................................................................................................................................... 9-7 Cumulative Noise Impacts......................................................................................................... 9- 7 Chapter 10: Transportation and Circulation ...............................................................................10-1 Introducti on............................................................................................................................ ........ 10-1 Setting............................................................................................................................................ 10-1 Roadways................................................................................................................................. 10-1 Intersection Operation............................................................................................................. 10-4 Level of Service Calculations ..................................................................................................10-5 Existing Operating Conditions................................................................................................ 10-8 Transit, Pedestrians & Bicycle Facilities.................................................................................10-9 Existing Parking.................................................................................................................... 10-10 Transportation Demand Management Program..................................................................... 1 0-11 Impact Analysis........................................................................................................................... 10-12 Significance Criteria.............................................................................................................. 10-12 Project Trip Generation......................................................................................................... 10-13 Existing Plus Project Intersection Impacts ............................................................................10-16 Existing Plus Project Roadway Impacts ................................................................................10-17 Cumulative (Year 2020) Intersection Impacts....................................................................... 10-18 Cumulative (Year 2020) Roadway Impacts ..........................................................................10-20 Cumulative (Year 2030) Intersection Impacts.......................................................................10-21 Cumulative (Year 2030) Roadway Impacts ..........................................................................10-24 Transit, Pedestrian & Bicycle Operations .............................................................................10-24 Site Plan and Area Circulation Analysis ...............................................................................10-26 Parking....................................................................................................................... ............ 10-27 Chapter 11: Utilities ........................................................................................................................ 11-1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................... 11-1 Setting............................................................................................................................................ 11-1 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE iii DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT Water Supply........................................................................................................................... 11-1 Wastewater.............................................................................................................................. 11-2 Storm Drainage Facilities ........................................................................................................ 11-3 Solid Waste............................................................................................................................. 11-4 Regulatory Setting................................................................................................................... 11-4 Impact Analysis............................................................................................................................. 11-6 Standards of Significance........................................................................................................ 11-6 Increase in Wastewater Flows ................................................................................................. 11-6 Wastewater Treatment............................................................................................................ 11-8 Water Supply & Infrastructure................................................................................................ 11-9 Storm Drainage Infrastructure................................................................................................. 11-9 Landfill Capacity..................................................................................................................... 11-9 Energy................................................................................................................................... 11-10 Cumulative Utilities Impacts................................................................................................. 11-10 Chapter 12: Climate Change ......................................................................................................... 12-1 Introduction................................................................................................................................... 12-1 Setting............................................................................................................................................ 12-1 Regulatory Setting......................................................................................................................... 12-3 Impact Analysis................................................................................................................................ 12-8 Standards of Significance.............................................................................................................. 12-8 Chapter 13: Alternatives ............................................................................................................... 13-1 Introduction................................................................................................................................... 13-1 Project Objectives.......................................................................................................................... 13-2 Alternatives Analysis..................................................................................................................... 13-3 No Project Alternative............................................................................................................. 13-4 Reduced Intensity Alternative................................................................................................. 13-5 Environmentally Superior Alternative......................................................................................... 13-10 Chapter 14: References .................................................................................................................. 14-1 Report Preparers ............................................................................................................................ 14-1 References..................................................................................................................................... 14-1 Appendices Appendix A - Notice of Preparation (NOP) and Comments Appendix B - Initial Study Appendix C - Air Quality Analysis Appendix D - Traffic Analysis Appendix E - Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Plan Appendix F - Wet Utility Study Figu res 3-1: Vicinity Map .......................................................................................................................... 3-2 3-2: Street Map.............................................................................................................................. 3-3 3-3: Proposed Site Plan ............................................................................................................... 3-11 3-4: Existing Building 1 Floor Plan ............................................................................................ 3-13 3-5: Building 1 Floor Plan........................................................................................................... 3-14 3-6: Buildings 2 & 5 Floor Plan.................................................................................................. 3-15 PAGE iv CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CONTENTS 3-7: Buildings 3 & 4 Floor Plan................................................................................................... 3-16 3-8: Building 6 Floor Plan ........................................................................................................... 3-17 3-9: Building 1 Roof Plan............................................................................................................ 3-18 3-10: Buildings 2 & 5 RoofPlan...................................................................................................3-19 3-11: Buildings 3 & 4 Roof Plan ................................................................................................... 3-20 3-12: Building 6 Room Plan .......................................................................................................... 3-21 3-13: Building 1 Elevation Plans ................................................................................................... 3-22 3-14: Building 1 Elevation Plans ................................................................................................... 3-23 3-15: Building 1 Elevation Plans ................................................................................................... 3-24 3-16: Building 1 Elevation Plans ................................................................................................... 3-25 3-17: Buildings 2 & 5 Elevation Plans ..........................................................................................3-26 3-18: Building 6 Elevation Plans ................................................................................................... 3-27 3-19: Landscape Plan..................................................................................................................... 3-28 5-1: Major Faults and Earthquake Epicenters................................................................................ 5-2 Tables 4-1: Summary of Criteria Air Pollution Monitoring Data .............................................................4-5 5-1: Mean Characteristic Moment Magnitude of Nearby Faults ................................................... 5-3 5-2: Modified Mercalli Earthquake Intensity Scale....................................................................... 5-8 5-3: Seismic Design Criteria per CBC......................................................................................... 5-14 6-1: Select General Plan Policies Regarding Hazardous Materials ...............................................6-4 6-2: Current Shallow Soils Contamination Levels ........................................................................6-7 7-1: Potential Pollutants from Industrial Activities .......................................................................7-9 7-2: Change in Peak Flow Rates.................................................................................................. 7-12 9-1: Definition of Acoustical Terms .............................................................................................. 9-2 9-2: Typical Sound Levels Measured in the Environment and Industry .......................................9-3 10-1: Signalized and Unsignalized Intersection LOS Thresholds .................................................10-5 10-2: Levels of Service Criteria for Arterials ................................................................................10-7 10-3: Levels of Service Criteria for Freeways Based on V-C Ratios ............................................10-8 10-4: Trip Generation Rate Correlation.......................................................................................10-14 10-5: Proposed Project Trip Generation With a 15% TDM Reduction....................................... 10-15 10-6: Proposed Project Trip Distribution.....................................................................................10-16 12-1: Global Warming Potentials (100-Year Time Horizon) ........................................................12-1 12-2: Recommended AB32 Greenhouse Gas Measures ................................................................12-6 13-1: Trip Generation - No Project Alternative ............................................................................13-4 13-2: Trip Generation - Reduced Intensity Alternative................................................................. 13-8 13-4: Summary Comparison ofImpacts, Proposed Project and Alternatives.............................. 13-10 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE v DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT This Page Intentionally Left Blank PAGE vi CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT 1 INTRODUCTION PURPOSE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT The California Environmental Quality Act and the Guidelines promulgated thereunder (together "CEQA") require an Environmental Impact Report (EIR) to be prepared for any project which may have a significant impact on the environment. An EIR is an informational document, the purposes of which, according to CEQA are ".. .to provide public agencies and the public in general with detailed information about the effect which a proposed project is likely to have on the environment; to list ways in which the significant effects of such a project might be minimized; and to indicate alternatives to such a project." The information contained in this EIR is intended to be objective and impartial, and to enable the reader to arrive at an independent judgment regarding the significance of the impacts resulting from the proposed project. This EIR evaluates the potential environmental impacts that may be associated with the Centrum Logistics Project in the City of South San Francisco, California (the "Project"). The Project applicant is AG/Centrum SSF, LLC and the Lead Agency is the City of South San Francisco. The applicant is seeking a Use Permit, Variance, Design Review, Tentative Parcel Map and a Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Plan to enable the renovation of an existing warehouse building and the construction of five new buildings including parking lot and landscape improvements. Approval must be given by the City of South San Francisco before construction may begin. EIR REVIEW PROCESS This EIR is intended to enable City decision makers, public agencies and interested citizens to evaluate the environmental consequences associated with the proposed Proj ect. An EIR does not control the lead agency's ultimate decision on the Project, however, the City of South San Francisco, as lead agency will consider the information contained in the EIR prior to making a decision on the Project. As required under CEQA, the agency must also respond to each significant effect identified in the EIR by making findings and if necessary, by making a statement of overriding considerations. In accordance with California law, the EIR on the Project must be certified before any action on the Project can be taken. EIR certification does not constitute Project approval. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 1-1 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT Together, this Draft EIR (DEIR) and a subsequent Final EIR (FEIR) will constitute the EIR for the Project. During the review period for this Draft EIR, interested individuals, organizations and agencies may offer their comments on its evaluation of Proj ect impacts and alternatives. The comments received during this public review period will be compiled and presented together with responses to these comments in the Final EIR. The South San Francisco Planning Commission will review the EIR documents and will determine whether or not the EIR provides a full and adequate appraisal ofthe Project and its alternatives. In reviewing the Draft EIR, readers should focus on the sufficiency of the document in identifying and analyzing the possible environmental impacts associated with the Project. Readers are also encouraged to review and comment on ways in which significant impacts associated with this Project might be avoided or mitigated. Comments are most helpful when they suggest additional specific alternatives or mitigation measures that would provide better ways to avoid or mitigate significant environmental impacts. Reviewers should explain the basis for their comments and, whenever possible, should submit data or references in support oftheir comments. This Draft EIR will be circulated for a 45 day public review period. During that public review period, comments on this Draft should be submitted in writing to: Steve Carlson, Senior Planner Department of Economic and Community Development City of South San Francisco 315 Maple Avenue South San Francisco, CA 94083 Please contact Steve Carlson at 650-877-8535 or web-ecd@ssf.net if you have any questions. After reviewing the Draft EIR and the Final EIR and following action to certify the EIR as adequate and complete, the South San Francisco Planning Commission will be in a position to approve the Project as currently proposed, revised, or rejected. This determination will be based upon information presented on the entirety of the Project, its impacts and probable consequences, and the possible alternatives and mitigation measures available. CONTENT AND ORGANIZATION OF THE EIR A Notice of Preparation (NOP) was issued in January 14, 2009 to solicit comments from public agencies and the public regarding the scope of the environmental evaluation for the Project (see Appendix A). The NOP and all written responses, as well as the Initial Study are presented in Appendix A. The responses were taken into consideration during Draft EIR preparation. Pursuant to CEQA, the Initial Study (Appendix B) prepared for the Project identified effects determined not to be significant and, in doing so, focused the EIR on the effects determined to be potentially significant. Project-related impacts to the following CEQA topics were PAGE 1-2 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION determined not to be significant and no additional analysis is included in this Draft EIR: Aesthetics, Agriculture Resources, Biological Resources, Cultural Resources, Mineral Resources, Population and Housing, Public Services, and Recreation. For analysis of these topics, please refer to the Initial Study included in Appendix B. As reflected in the content of this Draft EIR, the following CEQA topics were determined to have impacts that were potentially significant and, thus, required further analysis in this Draft EIR: Air Quality, Geology and Soils, Hazards and Hazardous Materials, Hydrology, Land Use, Noise, Transportation and Circulation, and Utilities and Service Systems. Following this brief introduction to the EIR, the document's ensuing chapters include the following: Chapter 2: Executive Summary and Impact Overview Chapter 3: Proj ect Description Chapter 4: Air Quality (Impacts/Mitigation Measures Labeled "Air") Chapter 5: Geology and Soils (Impacts/Mitigation Measures Labeled "Geo") Chapter 6: Hazardous Materials (Impacts/Mitigation Measures Labeled "Haz") Chapter 7: Hydrology (Impacts/Mitigation Measures Labeled "Hydro") Chapter 8: Land Use Chapter 9: Noise (Impacts/Mitigation Measures Labeled "Noise") Chapter I 0: Transportation and Circulation (Impacts/Mitigation Measures Labeled "Traf') Chapter II: Utilities and Service Systems (Impacts/Mitigation Measures Labeled "Util") Chapter 12: Climate Change Chapter 13: Alternatives Chapter 14: References Appendices In Chapters 4 through 12, existing conditions are discussed in the Setting, followed by an evaluation of environmental impacts that may be associated with the Project and the mitigation measures that would reduce or eliminate these impacts. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 1-3 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT This page intentionally left blank PAGE 1-4 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND IMPACT OVERVIEW PROPOSED PROJECT PROJECT LOCATION The 25.02-acre Project site is located at 1070 and 1080 San Mateo Avenue in the City of South San Francisco, approximately 450 feet north of Interstate 380 and approximately 650 feet west of Interstate 101. The Project site has Assessor's Parcel Numbers (APN) of 015- 163-230 and 015-163-120. PROJECT DESCRIPTION The Project would merge the existing two parcels (i.e., 1070 and 1080 San Mateo Avenue) into a single parcel via a Tentative Parcel Map. Existing paved off-street parking areas and one small approximately 975 square feet structure would be demolished. The existing 571,748 square foot, single-story warehouse and distribution building (Building I) at 1070 San Mateo would be remodeled for multi-tenant use. Most of the remodeling would occur within the interior of the building with the exception of three (3) new truck trailer loading docks wells, relocating one truck trailer loading dock well, 29 new loading dock doors, new pedestrian door openings and new architectural details (i.e., metal canopies and color change) added to the exterior. Five new single-story buildings would be constructed. The proposed new buildings would have individual floor areas ranging from 9,100 square feet to 12,000 square feet, with a total new proposed building floor area of 52,300 square feet. The proposed maximum building heights ofthese new buildings range between 25 feet 10 inches to 28 feet 4 inches. Future tenants of these buildings would include land use types permissible under the site's Industrial District zoning designation. The proposed use of Building 6, fronting San Mateo Avenue at 1070 would be for business and professional services, eating and drinking establishments, convenience and limited service, and/or convenience sales. The Project would also include re-grade both the 1070 and 1080 San Mateo Avenue parcels in order to achieve one, interconnected site that facilitates vehicular and pedestrian circulation, as well as parking, access, circulation, landscape and lighting improvements. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 2-1 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES The analyses in Chapters 4 through 12 of this document provide a description of the existing setting, potential impacts of Project implementation, and recommended mitigation measures to reduce or avoid potentially significant impacts that could occur as a result of Proj ect implementation. Table 2.1 at the end of this chapter lists a summary statement of each impact and corresponding mitigation measures, as well as the level of significance after mitigation. Significant impacts require the implementation of mitigation measures, or alternatives, or a finding by the Lead Agency that the measures are infeasible for specific reasons. For some of the significant impacts, mitigation measures may not be effective in reducing the impacts to a less than significant level. These impacts are designated significant and unavoidable. SIGNIFICANT AND UNAVOIDABLE IMPACTS THAT CANNOT BE MITIGATED TO A LEVEL OF LESS THAN SIGNIFICANT The following Project related impact has been identified as significant and unavoidable: Impact Air-3: Cumulative Air Quality Impacts. The proposed Project would contribute to regional air quality emissions and exceed BAAQMD emissions thresholds for NOx. Impact Traf-2: Impact Traf-2: Cumulative (2020) Intersection Impacts. Under cumulative (Year 2020) conditions, the addition of Project traffic would result in a significant and unavoidnble impact to the San Bruno Avenue / US 101 SB Ramps interchange in the PM peak hour condition. This interchange is located within the City of San Bruno. The City of South San Francisco, as lead agency for the Project, cannot require or guarantee that a mitigation measure will actually be implemented; therefore, this impact would remain significant and unavoidable. Impact Traf-3: Cumulative (2030) Intersection Impacts. Under cumulative (Year 2030) conditions, the addition of Project traffic would result in a significant and unavoidnble impact to the San Bruno Avenue / US 101 SB Ramps interchange intersection in the AM peak hour condition. This interchange is located within the City of San Bruno. The City of South San Francisco, as lead agency for the Proj ect, cannot require or guarantee that a mitigation measure will actually be implemented; therefore, this impact would remain significant and unavoidable. Impact Traf-4: Site Circulation. The Project's circulation plan would contribute additional large commercial vehicular turn movements to the San Bruno Avenue and San Mateo Avenue intersection which has insufficient turning radius. Taking into account the economic, jurisdictional and technological factors required to facilitate the truck turning movement, there is no feasible mitigation that would reduce this impact to a less than significant- PAGE 2-2 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 2: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND IMPACT OVERVIEW level. Therefore, this impact is considered significant and unavoidable. These impacts are more fully discussed in Chapter 4: Air Quality and Chapter 10: Transportation and Circulation. IMPACTS DETERMINED NOT TO BE SIGNIFICANT The following impact topic areas related to the Centrum Logistics Project would be considered to have no impact or a less than significant impact with no mitigation required, and were scoped out in the Initial Study (attached as Appendix A) with no additional analysis included in this Draft EIR: . Aesthetics, . Biological Resources, . Cultural Resources, . Mineral Resources, . Population and Housing, . Public Services, and . Recreation. The following impact topic areas were analyzed in this Draft EIR and determined to have no impact, a less than significant impact, or to be less than significant after mitigation: . Geology and Soils, . Hazardous Materials, . Hydrology, . Land Use, . Noise, . Utilities and Service Systems, and . Global Climate Change. The only CEQA topic areas not listed above are Transportation and Circulation, and Air Quality which each include one significant and unavoidable impact, respectively, that cannot be mitigated to a less than significant level. Impact analysis is included in Chapters 4 through 12 of this Draft EIR. Impacts and CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 2-3 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT mitigation measures are summarized in Table 2-1 at the end ofthis chapter. SIGNIFICANT IRREVERSIBLE ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES An EIR must identify any significant irreversible environmental changes that could be caused by the proposed Project. These may include current or future uses of non-renewable resources, and secondary or growth-inducing impacts that commit future generations to similar uses. Irretrievable commitments of resources should be evaluated to assure that such current consumption is justified. The CEQA Guidelines describe three distinct categories of significant irreversible changes: I) changes in land use which would commit future generations to specific uses; 2) irreversible changes from environmental actions; and 3) consumption of non-renewable resources. Changes in Land Use Which Would Commit Future Generations The Project would not change the land use at the Project site, but would remain a commercial and industrial use. Irreversible Changes from Environmental Actions Irreversible changes to the physical environment could stem from the accidental release of hazardous materials associated with development and/or on-going use of the site as a research facility. However, compliance with hazardous materials regulations and policies as outlined in Chapter 6 of this document, Hazardous Materials, is expected to maintain this potential impact at a less than significant level. Consumption of Nonrenewable Resources Consumption of nonrenewable resources includes increased energy consumption, conversion of agricultural lands, and lost access to mining reserves. No agricultural lands would be converted and no access to mining reserves would be lost with implementation ofthe Project. The Project would result in the consumption of some nonrenewable resources during construction and operation, such as electricity and construction materials. While this would require additional energy of several types for construction and on-going use, it would not require the construction of major new lines to deliver energy, and it is anticipated service providers can provide the capacity to serve this Proj ect. GROWTH-INDUCING IMPACTS The proposed Project would not be expected to result in a direct increase in the local population, since it would not result in the construction of any new housing units. The proposed Project would not require any major increases in the capacity of local infrastructure which might later be used to support new housing development, and would not result in the extension of infrastructure into areas which might ultimately support new housing. CUMULATIVE IMPACTS PAGE 2-4 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 2: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND IMPACT OVERVIEW As defined in Section 15355 of the CEQA Guidelines, a cumulative impact consists of an impact that is created as a result of the combination of the project evaluated in the EIR together with other projects causing related impacts. "Cumulative impacts" refer to two or more individual effects which, when considered together, are considerable or which compound or increase other environmental impacts. The cumulative impact from several projects is the change in the environment which results from the incremental impact of the Project when added to other closely related past, present, and reasonable foreseeable probable future projects. Cumulative impacts can result from individually minor but collectively significant projects taking place over a period of time. Cumulative impacts were analyzed within each topic area in Chapters 4 through 12 of this document and found to be less than significant with the following exceptions: . The development of the Project site, as proposed, would contribute NOx emissions III excess of thresholds established by the Bay Area Air Quality Management District, thereby, resulting in a significant and unavoidable cumulative air quality impact. . The development of the Project site, as proposed, would contribute traffic to one intersection in excess of significance criteria adopted from the 2007 San Mateo County Congestion Management Program (CMP), thereby resulting in a significant and unavoidnble cumulative transportation and circulation impact. PROJECT ALTERNATIVES Chapter 13 includes an analysis of the ability of two alternatives to meet most of the basic objectives of the proposed Project and also identifies how each alternative would avoid or substantially lessen any of the significant effects of the Project. The two Project alternatives analyzed are summarized as follows: . No Project Alternative - Retention of the Project site in its current state, as articulated in the existing setting discussion of Chapter 3 (Project Description). In summary, this includes: (a) private, off-site parking facility serving patrons of the San Francisco International Airport; and (b) 77,477 sq. ft. of floor area, within an existing 571,748 sq.ft. single-story building, occupied by the United States Postal Service (USPS) year round. . Reduced Intensity Alternative - Remodel of existing Building I including use of its entire approximate 571,748 square feet of floor area, elimination of proposed new Building Nos. I through 5, and construction of proposed new Building No.6 including 9,100 square feet of floor area. These two alternatives would all have the same or only slightly lessened impacts on Traffic and Circulation and Air Quality than the proposed Project. Impacts in the other topic areas of Aesthetics, Geology and Soils, Hazardous Materials, Noise, and Utilities would be the same or minimally reduced by these alternatives. The No Project Alternative would not change the existing condition of the site, and so would CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 2-5 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT not meet any of the Project's basic objectives to the same degree as the proposed Project. The Reduced Intensity Alternative would produce only slightly fewer vehicle trips and less air pollutant emissions. However, the Alternative's traffic levels would not be sufficiently reduced reduce impacts to a less than significant level. Rather, like the proposed Project, the Reduced Intensity Alternative would also result in significant and unavoidnble impacts relative to cumulative air quality and transportation and circulations. However, overall, the Reduced Intensity Alternative would be environmentally superior to the proposed Project. PAGE 2-6 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 2: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND IMPACT OVERVIEW TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Resulting Potential Environmental Impacts Recommended Mitigation Measures Level of Significance .i Impact Air-3: Cumulative Air Quality Air-3a: Tractor-Trailer Idling. Pursuant to Significant Impacts. The proposed Project would California Code of Regulations Title 13, Chapter 10, and contribute to regional air quality emissions and Section 2485 - Mobile Source Operational Controls, Unavoidable exceed BAAQMD emissions thresholds for Article 1 - Motor Vehicles, Division 3, the Applicant NOx. This would be considered a significant shall prohibit all diesel trucks and other delivery impact. vehicles from idling their engines for more than five minutes when making deliveries to or from the Project site. Signage shall be posted throughout the facility displaying the requirement that engines shall not idle for more than five minutes. Air-3b: Transportation Demand Management Program. Implementation of a Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Program is required, as described in Mitigation Measure Traf-l of the Transportation and Circulation chapter. This Program would reduce the mnnber of vehicle trips to and from the Project site. The following components shall be included in the TDM Program to further reduce Project impacts to air quality: . Provide bicycle amenities so that employees could bicycle to the Project. Such amenities could include safe onsite bicycle access and convenient storage (bike racks). Amenities for employees could include secure bicycle parking, lockers, and shower facilities. . For all buildings, provide outdoor electrical outlets and encourage the use of electrical landscape maintenance equipment. . Provide electrical outlets for recharging electrical vehicles in conunercial and industrial parking lots/structures. . Provide 110 and 220 Volt outlets at al110ading docks and prohibit trucks from using their auxiliary equipment powered by diesel engines for more than 5 minutes. . Provide new trees that would shade buildings and walkways in SlllTImer to reduce the cooling loads on buildings. Impact Traf-2: Cumulative (2020) Traf-2c: San Bruno Avenue at US 101 Southbound Significant Intersection Impacts. Under clllTIulative (Year Ramps (2020 PM). In order to mitigate this impact, and 2020) conditions, the addition of Project traffic the Project applicant shall be responsible for re- Unavoidable would result in a significant and mavoidable striping the existing SOUthbOlllld-through lane to impact to the San Brmo Avenue / US 101 SB acconunodate a southbound through-right lane. Ramps interchange in the PM peak hour With this improvement, the delay at the intersection condition. This interchange is located within the City of San Bruno. The City of South San would be reduced to 28.7 seconds, such that the 'with project" delay would be reduced to below the "without CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 2-7 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Resulting Potential Environmental Impacts Recommended Mitigation Measures Level of Significance Francisco, as lead agency for the Project, project" condition. This improvement would cannot require or guarantee that a mitigation effectively mitigate the Project's impact at this measure will actually be implemented; intersection to a less than significant level. However, therefore, this impact would remain significant because the intersection is within the city limits of the and unavoidable. City of San Ermo, adoption of the measure is not within the responsibility or jurisdiction of the City of South San Francisco. \Vhile San Bnmo could implement the mitigation measure to ensure that this impact is reduced to a less than significant level, the City of South San Francisco, as lead agency for the Project, call1lot require or guarantee that the measure will actually be implemented; therefore, this impact would remain significant and unavoidable. Impact Traf-3: Cumulative (2030) Traf-3b: San Bruno Avenue at US 101 Southbound Significant Intersection Impacts. Under clllTIulative (Year Ramps (2030 AM). In order to mitigate this impact, and 2030) conditions, the addition of Project traffic the Project applicant shall be responsible for re- Unavoidable would result in a significant and llllavoidable striping the existing southbolllld-through lane to impact to the San Brllllo A venue I US 101 SB acconunodate a southbolllld through-right lane. Ramps interchange intersection in the AM peak With this improvement, the delay at the intersection hour condition. This interchange is located within the City of San Bruno. The City of South would be reduced to 28.7 seconds during the AM and San Francisco, as lead agency for the Project, 41.8 during the PM, thereby restoring the level of cannot require or guarantee that a mitigation service to a level below the 'Without project" measure will actually be implemented; condition. This improvement would effectively therefore, this impact would remain significant mitigate the Project's impact at this intersection to a and unavoidable. less than significant level, however, because the intersection is within the city limits of the City of San Bnmo, adoption of the measure is not within the responsibility or jurisdiction of the City of South San Francisco. \Vhile San Bnmo could implement the mitigation measure to ensure that this impact is reduced to a less than significant level, the City of South San Francisco, as lead agency for the Project, cannot require or guarantee that the measure will actually be implemented; therefore, this impact would remain significant and unavoidable. Impact Traf-4: Site Circulation. The Project's Mitigation measures infeasible. Significant circulation plan would contribute additional and large conunercial vehicular turn movements to Unavoidable the San Brllllo Avenue and San Mateo Avenue intersection which has insufficient turning radius. Taking into accollllt the economic, jurisdictional and teclmological factors required to facilitate the truck turning movement, there is no feasible mitigation that would reduce this impact to a less than significant-level. Therefore, this impact is considered significant and unavoidable. PAGE 2-8 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 2: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND IMPACT OVERVIEW TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Resulting Potential Environmental Impacts Recommended Mitigation Measures Level of Significance Aft".. Impact Air-I: Construction Dust and Air-I: Dust Suppression and Exhaust Reduction Less than Exhaust. Construction activity involves a high Procedures. The following basic, enhanced and Significant potential for the emission of air pollutants. additional measures are recommended for inclusion in Construction activities would generate exhaust construction contracts to control fugitive dust emissions from vehicles/equipment and fugitive emissions during construction. Measures to reduce particulate matter emissions that would affect construction exhaust will additionally reduce local air quality. This would be a potentially particulate matter from the exhaust of diesel-powered significant impact. construction vehicles. Basic Measures . Water all active construction areas at least twice daily. . Pave, apply water three times daily, or apply (non-toxic) soil stabilizers on allllllpaved access roads, parking areas and staging areas at construction site. . Water or cover stockpiles of debris, soil, sand or other materials that can be blown by the wind. . Cover all trucks hauling soil, sand, and other loose materials or require all trucks to maintain at least two feet of freeboard. . Sweep daily (preferably with water sweepers) all paved access road, parking areas and staging areas at construction sites. . Sweep streets daily (preferably with water sweepers) if visible soil material is carried onto adjacent public streets. . Limit construction equipment idling time. . Properly tune construction equipment engines, and install particulate traps on diesel equipment. Enhanced Measures . Hydroseed or apply (non-toxic) soil stabilizers to inactive construction areas (previously graded areas inactive for ten days or more). . Enclose, cover, water twice daily or apply (non- toxic) soil binders to exposed stockpiles (dirt, sand, etc.). . Limit traffic speeds on llllpavedroads to 15 mph. . Install sandbags or other erosion control measures to prevent silt nmoffto public roadways. . Replant vegetation in disturbed areas as quickly as possible. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 2-9 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Resulting Potential Environmental Impacts Recommended Mitigation Measures Level of Significance Additional Measures . Install wheel washers for all exiting trucks, or wash off the tires or tracks of all trucks and equipment leaving the site. . Suspend excavation and grading activity when winds (instantaneous gusts) exceed 25 rnph. Measures to Reduce Construction Exhaust The measures listed below should be implemented to reduce diesel particulate matter and NOx emissions from on-site construction equipment: . Atleast 50 percent of the heavy-duty, off-road equipment used for construction shall be CARB- certified off-road engines or equivalent, or use alternative fuels (such as biodiesel or water emulsion fuel) that result in lower emissions. . Use add-on control devices such as diesel oxidation catalysts or particulate filters. . Opacity is an indicator of exhaust particulate emissions from off-road diesel powered equipment. The Project shall ensure that emissions from all construction diesel powered equipment used on the Project site do not exceed 40 percent opacity for more than three minutes in anyone hour. Any equipment fOlllld to exceed 40 percent opacity (or Ringelmann 2.0) shall be prohibited from use on the site lllltil repaired. . The contractor shall install temporary electrical service whenever possible to avoid the need for independently powered equipment (e.g., compressors). . Diesel equipment standing idle for more than two minutes shall be turned off. This would include trucks waiting to deliver or receive soil, aggregate or other bulk materials. Rotating drum concrete trucks could keep their engines nmning continuously as long as they were on site. . Properly tune and maintain equipment for low emISSIOns. Issues of toxic air contaminants related to construction activities are further addressed with mitigation measures Haz-3b and Haz-4a. Operational-Related Objectionable Odors. No mitigation required. However, the following Less than \Vhile it is not known at this time what specific mitigation measure is reconunended to further reduce Significant businesses will occupy the completed Project, this less than significant impact: these businesses will be required to conform to applicable air quality regulations in order to Air-3a: Odor Control. Prior to the issuance ofa ensure that any odors resulting from operations Building Permit for a food preparation use the owner PAGE 2-10 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 2: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND IMPACT OVERVIEW TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Resulting Potential Environmental Impacts Recommended Mitigation Measures Level of Significance will remain at a less than significant level. shall provide an Odor Control Program which includes measures to eliminate odors associated with the food use. Such measures may include, but are not limited to, frequent trash pickup, indoor trash enclosure and state of the art odor and filtration controls. The program shall be subject to the review and approval of the City's Chief Planner in consultation with the Building Official. Impact Geo-l: Geologic Hazards. According Geo-la: Completion of and compliance with Less than to CEQA guidelines, exposure of people or recommendations of a Geotechnical Investigation Significant structures to major geological hazards is a and in conformance with Structural Design Plans. significant adverse impact. The primary seismic Completion of and compliance with reconunendations hazards affecting the Project are strong seismic of a Geotechnical Investigation and in conformance ground shaking and potentially liquefiable fill with Structural Design Plans. A design level soils, each of which are considered a potentially geotechnical investigation shall be completed that significant impact. includes subsurface investigation in areas to be occupied by structures (currently a paved parking lot). The design level geotechnical report shall include recommendations for site preparation and grading, fOlllldation design, concrete slabs-on-grade, pavement section design, surface and subsurface drainage measures and site-specific seismic response criteria (shown in Table Geo-3 below). The design level geotechnical investigation shall be reviewed and approved by the City's Geotechnical Consultant and the City Engineer. The design level geotechnical investigation shall evaluate liquefaction potential ofllllderlying fill and native soil. Should liquefiable or densifiable materials be encolllltered in the fill, mitigation measures to reduce their impact shall be formulated. These strategies may include excavation and replacement as engineered fill, reduced fOlllldation loading, and grolllld improvement by methods such as stone collnnns or pressure grouting. Grading recommendations shall include specifications for engineered fill, including moisture conditioning, relative percent compaction, and suitability of materials as engineered or structural fill. Recommendations shall also establish maximlllTI steepness of cut and fill slopes. Any cuts to be made adjacent to the property line shall be evaluated for potential adverse impact to neighboring properties. Drainage reconunendations shall include provisions to prevent the ponding of water, prevent seepage llllder structures, including pavements, and generally direct flow away from structural fOlllldations. Drainage recommendations shall incorporate proposed CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE2-11 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Resulting Potential Environmental Impacts Recommended Mitigation Measures Level of Significance landscaping elements. Permanent subsurface drains will to be necessary for any proposed retaining walls to prevent buildup of hydrostatic pressure behind the walls. Recommendations for fOlllldatiOns shall include soil bearing capacity or skin friction values, and lateral pressures. The design plans shall identify specific mitigation measures to reduce or otherwise mitigate the liquefaction potential of surface soils. Mitigation measures may include excavation and replacement as engineered fill, reduced fOlllldation loading, and grOlllld improvement by methods such as stone cohnnns or pressure grouting. Geotechnical recommendations shall also provide the depth of footings or pile fOlllldations necessary for the plaIllled structures. During construction, a Registered Geotechnical Engineer, Civil Engineer experienced in Geotechnical Engineering, or authorized representative shall observe all fOlllldation excavations and pier drilling. A letter indicating that all foundation construction meets with the intent of the geotechnical recommendations shall be provided to the Building Official prior to concrete pouring. Recommendations for concrete slab construction shall identify measures to mitigate expansive soils and minimize shrink/swell potential, such as moisture conditioning or replacement with select non-expansive fill, as well as concrete thickness and reinforcement. The feasibility report reconunended that where moisture through the floor slabs is a concern, a capillary moisture break consisting of at least four inches of cleaIl, free-draining gravel or crushed rock, and a water vapor retarder should be installed beneath floors to reduce water vapor transmission thorough floor slabs. The design level report shall either corroborate this reconunendation or identify an alternative to be implemented. Reconunendations for pavement areas shall include compaction and moisture conditioning requirements, as well as pavement section thickness and construction design based upon a Resistance-value (R-value) determined for sub-grade soils in the areas to be paved. The design report shall include specific drainage criteria behind any retaining walls, and identify retaining wall foundation design and design parameters. PAGE 2-12 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 2: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND IMPACT OVERVIEW TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Resulting Potential Environmental Impacts Recommended Mitigation Measures Level of Significance In general, the design report shall either corroborate or provide alternative reconunendations to the feasibility report based upon actual soil and rock conditions in the areas where structures are proposed. Measure Geo-lb: Compliance with 2007 California Building Code (CBC). Project development shall meet requirements of the California Building Code Vol. I and 2, 2007 Edition, including the California Building Standards, 2007 Edition, published by the International Conference of Building Officials, and as modified by the amendments, additions and deletions as adopted by the City of South San Francisco, California. Incorporation of seismic construction standards would reduce the potential for catastrophic effects of grOlllld shaking, such as complete structural failure, but will not completely eliminate the hazard of seismically induced grOlllld shaking. Measure Geo-lc: Obtain a building permit and complete final plan review. The Project applicant shall obtain a building permit throngh the City of South San Francisco Building Division. Final Plan Review of planned buildings and structures shall be completed by a licensed structural engineer for adherence to the seismic design criteria for planned conunercial and industrial sites in City of South San Francisco. Impact Geo-2: Soil Erosion. The Project Geo-2a: Erosion Control Plan. The Project applicant Less than would involve mass grading in a location that shall complete an Erosion Control Plan to be Significant could facilitate stormwater-related soil transfer submitted to the City in conjllllction with the Grading to the San Francisco Bay. This could potentially Permit Application. The Erosion Control Plan shall impact vicinity drainages such as Colma Creek include winterization, dust, erosion and pollution and the San Francisco Bay. This would be a control measures conforming to the ABAG Manual of potentially significant impact during and Standards for Erosion and Sediment Control following site construction activities. Measures, with sediment basin design calculations. The Erosion Control Plan shall describe the "best management practices" (BMPs) to be used during and after construction to control pollution resulting from both stormwater and construction water rlllloff. The Erosion Control Plan shall include locations of vehicle and equipment staging, portable restrooms, mobilization areas, and planned access routes. Recommended soil stabilization techniques include placement of straw wattles, silt fences, berms, and gravel construction entrance areas or other control to prevent tracking sediment onto city streets and into storm drains. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 2-13 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Resulting Potential Environmental Impacts Recommended Mitigation Measures Level of Significance Public works staff or its representatives shall visit the site during grading and construction to ensure compliance with the grading ordinance and plans, and note any violations, which shall be corrected inunediately. Geo-2b: Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP). In accordance with the Clean Water Act and the requirements of the State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB), the Applicant shall file a s\vppp prior to the start of construction. The SWPPP shall include specific best management practices to reduce soil erosion. This is required to obtain coverage llllder the General Permit for Discharges of Storm Water Associated with Construction Activity (Construction General Permit 99-08-DWQ). Impact Geo-3: Unstable Soils. The Project site Geo-3: Compliance with Mitigation Measures Geo-2 Less than is potentially llllderlain by fill soils of unknown for Seismically Induced Grolllld Failure and Geo-5 for Significant quality, which may be expansive, prone to Expansive Soils. Compliance with these mitigation settlement, or susceptible to seismically measures will reduce the impact of unstable geologic induced liquefaction or dynamic densification. unit to a level ofless than significant. This is a potentially significant impact. Geo-4: Potentially Expansive and Geo-4: Completion of and Construction in Less than Compressible Soils. The Project site is Accordance with a Design Level Geotechnical significant potentially llllderlain by fill soils of unknown Investigation. The design level geotechnical report quality. These materials may contain expansive shall investigate the presence of expansive clay soils clay minerals subject to shrinking and swelling and, should they be identified, recommend appropriate in response to changes in water content. These mitigation measures. Potential measures for control of expansive soils could cause damage to expansive clay soils include the following: fOlllldations, concrete slabs, and pavements. The impact due to expansive soils is potentially a) Placing and compacting potentially expansive soils significant. at high moisture contents (at least 5 percent above optimum moisture content in accordance with ASTM D1557) and compaction within selected ranges of 88 to 92 percent. b) Using thickened concrete slabs with increased steel reinforcement. c) Replacing clayey soils llllderlying fOlllldations and concrete slabs with select structural fill that is non- expansive or has a low expansion index. d) Treating site soils with lime to reduce the expansion potential and increase the strength. e) Utilize pier-and-grade-beam fOlllldation systems where appropriate; PAGE 2-14 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 2: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND IMPACT OVERVIEW TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Resulting Potential Environmental Impacts Recommended Mitigation Measures Level of Significance f.) Grade arOlllld structures to assure positive drainage away from structures. Impact Haz-l: Routine transportation, use, Haz-la: Plan Review for Adherence to Fire and Less than or disposal of hazardous materials. The risk Safety Codes. All building spaces must be designed to Significant of accidental upset and environmental handle the intended warehouse, conunercial, and retail contamination from routine transport, storage, lise, with sprinklers, alarms, vents, and secondary use and disposal of hazardous and potentially containment structures, where applicable. Prior to hazardous materials to the public and occupancy, these systems must pass plan review environment is a potentially significantirnpact. through the City of South San Francisco Planning, Building and Fire Departments. Haz-lb: Construction Inspection and Final Inspection Prior to Occupancy. During construction, the utilities, including sprinkler systems, shall pass pressure and flush tests to make sure they perform as designed. At the end of construction, occupancy shall not be allowed lllltil a final inspection is made by the Fire Department for conformance of all building systems with the Fire Code and National Fire Protection Agency Requirements. The inspection shall include testing of sprinkler systems, alarm systems, ventilation and airflow systems, and secondary containment systems. The inspection shall include a review of the emergency evacuation plans. These plans shall be modified as deemed necessary. Haz-lc: Hazardous Materials Business Plan Program. Businesses occupying the development and intending to store, use, or dispose of hazardous materials must complete a Hazardous Materials Business Plan for the safe storage and use of chemicals. The Business Plan must include the type and quantity of hazardous materials, a site map showing storage locations of hazardous materials and where they may be used and transported from, risks of using these materials, material safety data sheets for each material, a spill prevention plan, an emergency response plan, employee training consistent with OSHA guidelines, and emergency contact information. Businesses qualify for the program if they store a hazardous material equal to or greater than the minimum reportable quantities. These quantities are 55 gallons for liquids, 500 pOllllds for solids and 200 cubic feet (at standard temperature and pressure) for compressed gases. Exemptions include businesses selling only pre- packaged consumer goods; medical professionals who store oxygen, nitrogen, and/or nitrous oxide in quantities not more than 1,000 cubic feet for each material, and who store or use no other hazardous CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 2-15 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Resulting Potential Environmental Impacts Recommended Mitigation Measures Level of Significance materials; or facilities that store no more than 55 gallons of a specific type oflubricating oil, and for which the total quantity oflubricating oil does not exceed 275 gallons for all types oflubricating oil. Businesses occupying and/or operating at the proposed development must submit a business plan prior to the start of operations, and must review and update the entire Business Plan at least once every two years, or within 30 days of any significant change including, without limitation, changes to emergency contact information, major increases or decreases in hazardous materials storage and/or changes in location of hazardous materials. Plans shall be submitted to the San Mateo COllllty Enviromnental Health Business Plan Program, which may be contacted at (650) 363- 4305 for more information. The San Mateo COlmty Environmental Health Department (SMCEHD) shall inspect the business at least once a year to make sure that the Business Plan is complete and accurate. Haz-ld: Hazardous Waste Generator Program All applicable businesses shall register and comply with the hazardous waste generator program. The State of California Department ofT oxic Substances Control authorized the SMCEHD to inspect and regulate nOTI- permitted hazardous waste generators in San Mateo COllllty based on the Hazardous Waste Control Law fOlmd in the California Health and Safety Code Division 20, Chapter 6.5 and regulations fOlmd in the California Code of Regulations, Title 22, Division 4.5. Regulations require businesses generating anyamOlmt of hazardous waste as defined by regulation to properly store, manage and dispose of such waste. Division staff also conducts surveillance and enforcement activities in conjllllction with the COllllty District Attorney's Office for businesses or individuals that significantly violate the above referenced law and regulations. Haz-le: Compliance with Applicable Laws and Regulations. All transportation of hazardous materials and hazardous waste to and from the site shall be in accordance with Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations, US Department ofTransportation (DOT), State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), and local laws, ordinances and procedures including placards, signs and other identifying information. Haz-1f: Proper Disposal of Household Hazardous PAGE 2-16 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 2: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND IMPACT OVERVIEW TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Resulting Potential Environmental Impacts Recommended Mitigation Measures Level of Significance Waste. For businesses not requiring registration in the San Mateo COllllty Hazardous Material Business Plan Program, batteries, as well as fuel and lubricant oils, cleaning products, and other conunonly used household hazardous materials shall be properly stored so as to reduce the chance of spillage. These businesses shall also participate in the San Mateo COllllty Very Small Quantity Generator Program to dispose of household hazardous wastes through the San Mateo COllllty Enviromnental Health Division. Impact Haz-2: Accidental Hazardous Haz-2a: Demolition Plan and Permitting. A Less than Materials Release. According to previous Demolition Plan with permit applications shall be Significant investigations, petrolelllTI products and volatile submitted to the City of South San Francisco Building organic compOllllds (VOCs) are present in site Department for approval prior to demolition of the soils. During demolition operations hazardous paved parking lot. The Demolition Plan for shall materials could be released from structures at provide for safe demolition shall include, but not the site or from the llllderlying soils. Following limited to, dust control for potentially contaminated construction, operations at the proposed subsurface soils. The Demolition Plan shall also facilities are expected to represent a continuing address both on-site Worker Protection and off-site threat to the enviromnent through accidental resident protection from both chemical and physical release of hazardous materials since the site is hazards. All removed soil shall be tested for proposed for industrial uses, where use, storage contaminant concentrations and shall be disposed ofto and disposal of hazardous materials may occur. appropriate licensed landfill facilities. The Demolition This represents a potentially significant impact. Plan shall include a program of air monitoring for dust particulates and attached contaminants. Dust control and suspension of work during dry windy days shall be addressed in the plan. Haz-2b: California Accidental Release Prevention Program (CaIARP). Future businesses at the development shall check the state and federal lists of regulated substances available from the San Mateo COllllty Enviromnental Health Department (SMCEHD). Chemicals on the hst are chemicals that pose a major threat to public health and safety or the enviromnent because they are highly toxic, flammable, or explosive. Businesses shall determine which list to use in consultation with the SMCEHD. Should businesses qualify for the program, they shall complete a CalARP registration form and submit it to Enviromnental Health. Following registration, they shall submit a Risk Management Plan (RMP). RMPs are designed to handle accidental releases and ensure that businesses have the proper information to provide to emergency response teams if an accidental release occurs. All businesses that store or handle more than a threshold quantity (TQ) of a regulated substance must develop a RMP and follow it. Risk Management Plans describe impacts to public CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 2-1 7 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Potential Environmental Impacts Impact Haz-3: Exposure to contaminated soil and groundwater. During demolition and construction, workers could be exposed to contaminated soil and grOlllldwater. Disturbance of the subsurface also increases the potential for contamination to spread through surface water flmoff, creation of seepage pathways, and through wind blown dust. These impacts are potentially significant. Recommended Mitigation Measures health and the environment if a regulated substance is released near schools, residential areas, hospitals and childcare facilities. RMPs must include procedures for: keeping employees and customers safe, handling regulated substances, training staff, maintaining equipment, checking that substances are stored safely, and responding to an accidental release. Haz-2c: Notify San Mateo County Health Services Agency of Proposed Re-Development. As part of the case closure agreement for the removal of the lllldergrOlllld storage tank leaking gasoline, dated October 8, 1998, SMCHSA shall be informed of any development or proposed change in land use. New buildings will be constructed over the area in question, currently a paved parking lot, and approval of SMCHSA is a prerequisite for construction. Development and Implementation of Site Management Plans. The Site Management Plans shall build upon any existing draft Site Management Plan and shall address the exposure risk to people and the enviromnent resulting from future demolition, construction, occupancy, and maintenance activities on the property. The plans shall be in accordance with recommendations of the Enviromnental Consultant, and shall be reviewed and approved by the Department of Toxic Substances Control, the San Mateo COllllty Enviromnental Health Department Grolllldwater Protection Program and the City of South San Francisco Public Works Department, Planning Division and Fire Department. In accordance with DTSC recommendations there should be two separate plans: (1) ongoing Operations and Maintenance Activities, and (2) a specific plan addressing the future proposed site development based on actual proposed grading, excavation and construction. The plans are required to be more specific than the draft plan. Specific mitigation measures designed to protect hlllTIan health and the enviromnent shall be provided in the plan. At a rninimlllTI, the plan shall include the following: 1) Requirements for site specific Health and Safety Plans (HASP) shall be prepared in accordance with OSHA regulations by all contractors at the Project site. This includes a HASP for all demolition, grading and excavation on the site, as well as for future subsurface maintenance work. The HASP shall include appropriate training, any required personal Resulting Level of Significance Less than Significant PAGE 2-18 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 2: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND IMPACT OVERVIEW TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Potential Environmental Impacts Recommended Mitigation Measures protective equipment, and monitoring of contaminants to determine exposure. The HASP will be reviewed and approved by a Certified Industrial Hygienist. The plan shall also designate provisions to limit worker entry and exposure and shall show locations and type of protective fencing to prevent public exposure to any hazards during demolition, site grading, and construction activities. 2) Standards for treatment of impacted soil excavated from beneath the site shall be established. Depending upon the extent and depth of fOlllldation and utility excavations, a significant vohnne of contaminated soils may be generated during construction; and to a lesser extent during future maintenance work. These soils must be characterized for reuse as fill, reburial, or disposal off-site. Only soil with contaminant levels approved by the DTSC shall be allowed for reuse as fill. All other soil must be disposed of off-site. To avoid the spread of contamination, on-site soils excavated from below the pavement in the vicinity of Building Six shall be segregated from any imported clean fIll. Soils shall be placed on a plastic tarp, covered and bermed to reduce the risk from windblown dust or surface water fllllOff spreading contamination. Then soil must be tested to determine the levels of remaining contamination and suitability for re-use. Contaminated soils unable to be placed llllder buildings or pavement, or re-buried llllder at least one- foot of clean soil must be off-hauled and disposed of by a licensed hazardous materials contractor llllder the proper manifesting documents. A report shall document the volume, concentration and nature of contaminants in the off-hauled material. 3) Requirements for site-specific construction techniques that would minimize exposure to any subsurface contamination shall be developed. This shall include treatment and disposal measures for any contaminated grolllldwater removed from excavations, trenches, and dewatering systems in accordance with local and Regional Water Quality Control Board guidelines. Grolllldwater encolllltered in trenches and other excavations shall not be discharged into the neighboring storm drain, but into a closed containment facility, unless proven to have concentrations of contaminants below established regulatory guidelines. Contaminated grolllldwater will be required to be stored in Baker tanks lllltil tested. Iftesting determines that the water can be discharged into the sanitary Resulting Level of Significance CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 2-19 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Resulting Potential Environmental Impacts Recommended Mitigation Measures Level of Significance sewer system, then the applicant must acquire a grOlllld water discharge permit from the City of South San Francisco Sanitary Sewer District and meet local discharge limits before being allowed to discharge into the sanitary sewer. Water must be analyzed for the chemicals of concern at the site, which include petroleum hydrocarbons and VQCs. 4) General sampling and testing plan for excavated soils shall determine suitability for reuse or acceptability for disposal at a state licensed landfill facility. Testing shall include the California Title 22 Hazardous Metals (CAM 17 metals), TPH as gasoline, TPH as diesel, and TPH as motor oil. Testing results shall be compared to DTSC California Hurnan Health Screening Levels and RWQCB Enviromnental Screening Levels to determine suitability to remain on-site as engineered fill or landscape fill. Any soils determined to exceed DTSC criteria for site cap material shall be deemed as llllsuitable for re-use as fill. S) Future subsurface work plan. The plan shall document procedures for future subsurface landscaping work, utility maintenance, etc., with proper DTSC notification, where applicable. The plan shall include a general health and safety plan for each expected type of work, with appropriate personal protective equipment, where applicable. Impact Hydro-I: Erosion and Sedimentation Hydro-Ia: Preparation and Implementation of Less than On- or Off-site. Construction operations Project SWPPP. Preparation and Implementation of Significant associated with the Project would present a Project S\VPPP. Pursuant to NPDES requirements, the threat of soil erosion from soil disturbance by applicant shall develop a Storm Water Pollution subjecting llllprotected bare soil areas to the Prevention Plan (S\VPPP) to protect water quality erosion forces of rlllloff. This is a potentially during and after construction. The Project SWPPP significant impact. shall include a description of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to be applied to minimize the discharge of pollutants from the site during construction. These construction-period BMPs shall include, but are not limited to the following: 1) No grading work exceeding 200 cubic yards shall be performed between November 1 and May 1 (the wet season) unless authorized in writing by the City Engineer. 2) Erosion control/soil stabilization techniques such as straw mulching, erosion control blankets, erosion control matting, and hydro-seeding, shall be utilized in accordance with the regulations outlined in the Association of Bay Area Governments PAGE 2-20 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 2: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND IMPACT OVERVIEW TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Resulting Potential Environmental Impacts Recommended Mitigation Measures Level of Significance "Erosion & Sediment Control Measures" manual. Silt fences shall be installed down slope of all graded slopes. Hay bales shall be installed in the flow path of graded areas receiving concentrated flows and arOlmd storm drain inlets. 3) BMPs shall be used for preventing the discharge or other construction-related NPDES pollutants beside sediment (i.e. paint, concrete, trash etc) to downstream waters. 4) After construction is completed, all drainage facilities shall be inspected for acclllTIulated sediment and these drainage structures shall be cleared of debris and sediment. 5) Trash management measures shall be incorporated to prevent trash from entering storm drainage facilities and downstream water courses. Hydro-lb: NPDES General Construction Permit Requirements. The Project applicant is required to submit a Notice of Intent (NOI) to the State Water Resource Control Board's (SVVRCB) Division of Water Quality to obtain coverage llllder a NPDES General Construction Permit. The General Construction Permit includes general information on the types of construction activities that will occur on the site as well as specific requirements that will apply to clearing, grading, and disturbances to the grolllld such as excavation. It is the responsibility of the property owner to obtain coverage llllder the permit prior to site construction. Impact Hydro-2: Non-Point Source Hydro-2a: Compliance with NPDES General Less than Pollutants. The project will involve an Industrial Permit Requirements. The NPDES Significant intensification ofland-use by increasing floor General Industrial Permit Requirements apply to the area and mnnber of occupants, and will add discharge of storm water associated with industrial potential new sources of non-point source sites. The permit requires the implementation of pollutants to the area. This may increase non- management measures that will achieve the point source pollution to receiving waters. This performance standard of best available teclmology is a potentially significant impact. (BAT) economically achievable, and best conventional pollutant control teclmology (BCT). Under the statute, operators of new facilities must implement industrial BMPs in the Project SWPPP, and perform monitoring of storm water discharges and unauthorized non-storm water discharges. An annual report must be submitted to the RWQCB each July 1. Operators of new facilities must file an NOI at least 14 days prior to the beginning of operations. Hydro-2b: Long- Term Requirements under the CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 2-21 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Resulting Potential Environmental Impacts Recommended Mitigation Measures Level of Significance SWPPP. The Project SWPPP to accompany the NO! filing will outline erosion control and storm water quality management measures to be implemented both during and following construction. The SWPPP will also provide the schedule for monitoring performance. Long-term mitigation measures to be included in the Project SWPPP shall include, but are not limited to, the following: . Description of potential sources of erosion and sediment at the Project site. Industrial activities and significant materials and chemicals that could be used at the proposed Project site should be described. This will include a thorough assessment of existing and potential pollutant sources. . Identification of BMPs to be implemented at the Project site based on identified industrial activities and potential pollutant sources. Emphasis shall be placed on source control BMPs, with treatment controls used as needed. . Development of a monitoring and implementation plan. Maintenance requirements and frequency shall be carefully described including vector control, clearing of clogged or obstructed inlet or outlet structures, vegetationllandscape maintenance, replacement of media filters, regular sweeping of parking lots and other paced areas, etc. Wastes removed from BMPs may be hazardous, therefore, maintenance costs should be budgeted to include disposal at a proper site. . The monitoring and maintenance program shall be conducted at the frequency agreed upon by the RWQCB and/or City of South San Francisco. Monitoring and maintenance shall be recorded and submitted annually to the SWRCB. The S\VPPP shall be adjusted, as necessary, to address any inadequacies of the BMPs. . The applicant shall prepare informational literature and guidance on industrial and conunercial BMPs to minimize pollutant contributions from the proposed development. This information shall be distributed to all employees at the Project site. At a minimlllTI, the information shall cover: a) proper disposal of conunercial cleaning chemicals; b) proper use of landscaping chemicals; c) clean-up and appropriate disposal of hazardous materials and chemicals; and d) prohibition of any washing and dlllTIping of materials and chemicals into storm drains. ImpactNoise-l: Construction Related Noise. Noise-I: Noise Abatement. The Project applicant Less than PAGE 2-22 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 2: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND IMPACT OVERVIEW TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Potential Environmental Impacts Project construction could result in temporary short-term noise increases due to the operation of heavy equipment. This would be a potentially significant impact associated with Project development. Impact Traf-l: Project Trip Generation Exceeds 100 Trips During Peak Hours. The Project would generate more than 100 net new trips during the AM and PM peak hams. The San Mateo City/COllllty Association of Governments (CICAG) Agency Guidelines for the implementation of the 2003 Draft Congestion Management Program ("CICAG Guidelines") specifies that local jurisdictions must ensure that the developer and/or tenants will mitigate all new peak hour trips (including the first 100 trips) projected to be generated by the development. This would be a potentially significant impact. Impact Traf-2: Cumulative (2020) Intersection Impacts. Under cumulative (Year 2020) conditions, the addition of Project traffic would result in significant impacts to three study intersections during the PM peak hour: a) East Grand Avenue I Airport Boulevard; b) San Bruno Avenue I US 101 SB Ramps; and c) San Mateo Avenue I Airport Boulevard. This would be a potentially significant impact. Impact Traf-3: Cumulative (2030) Intersection Impacts. Under curnulative (Year 2030) conditions, the addition of Project traffic Recommended Mitigation Measures shall require by contract specification that construction best management practices be implemented by contractors to reduce construction noise levels to the noise limit specified in the City Noise Ordinance (90- dBA at 25 feet). Best management practices include: . Ensuring that construction equipment is properly muffled according to industry standards, . Implementing noise attenuation measures which may include but are not limited to noise barriers or noise blankets. . Requiring heavily loaded trucks used during construction to be routed away from noise and vibration sensitive uses such as Scott Street (South San Francisco) and Walnut Street (San Bruno). Transportation Demand Management Program The Project sponsors shall implement a Transportation Demand Management (TDM) program consistent with the City of South San Francisco Zoning Ordinance Chapter 20.120 Transportation Demand Management, and acceptable to CICAG. These programs, once implemented, must be ongoing for the occupied life of the development. East Grand Avenue I Airport Boulevard (2020 PM). In order to mitigate this impact, the Project shall be responsible for re-striping one northbOlllld through lane to a through-right lane, and re-striping one westbOlllld left lane to a left-through lane. San Mateo Avenue I Airport Boulevard (2020 PM). In order to mitigate this impact, the Project shall be responsible for re-striping one of the eastbound left- through lanes to a through-right lane. San Bruno Avenue at US 101 Southbound Ramps (2020 PM). In order to mitigate this impact, the Project shall be responsible for re-striping the existing southbound-through lane to acconunodate a southbound through-right lane. East Grand Avenue at Airport Boulevard (2030 AM and P:M). In order to mitigate this impact, the Project applicant shall be responsible for re-striping Resulting Level of Significance Significant CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 2-23 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Resulting Potential Environmental Impacts Recommended Mitigation Measures Level of Significance would result in significant impacts to three and modifications to both intersection geometry and study intersections: a) East Grand Avenue I traffic signals, to change the westbOlllld approach from Airport Boulevard (2030 AM and PM); b) San a shared left-through lane and a right-only lane to a Bnmo Avenue I US 101 SOUthbOlllld ramps left-only lane and a shared through-right lane would (2030 AM); and c) San Mateo Avenue I Airport need to OCCllI. Boulevard. San Bruno Avenue at US 101 Southbound Ramps (2030 AM). In order to mitigate this impact, the Project applicant shall be responsible for fe-striping the existing SOUthbOlllld-through lane to acconunodate a SOUthbOlllld through-right lane. San Mateo Avenue at Airport Boulevard (2030 PM). In order to mitigate this impact, the Project applicant shall be responsible for re-striping one of the eastbOlllld left-through lanes to a through-right lane. Impact Util-l: Wastewater Generation and Util-l: Sewer Line Repair and/or Replacement. In Less than Infrastructure Capacity. The Project would the event that the City of San Bnmo Public Works Significant contribute wastewater which the WQCP has Director, in consultation with the City of South San adequate capacity to treat, and line and facilities Francisco Public Works Director, reasonably conveying Project wastewater are adequate size determines the Project's wastewater may degrade or to acconunodate increased flows. However, the further degrade the condition of the existing sanitary Project would utilize an existing 24-inch sewer sewer line, the Project applicant, in consultation with line currently impeded. Therefore, the Project the City of San Bruno and the City of South San would have a potentially significant impact Francisco, shall participate in any necessary repairs relative to increased wastewater flows and/or replacement of the exiting 24-inch sanitary sewer line to acconunodate the Project's wastewater. The City of San Bnmo Public Works Director shall determine the extent to which such repairs or replacement is required. ii,. :,.'''Niri mmr Conflict with Air Quality Plan. The Projects No mitigation required Less than is required to implement a Transportation Significant Demand Management (TD M) program to reduce project trips. This is identified as part of the Project Description on Page 3-2 and discussed within Chapter 10 (Transportation and Circulation). The TDM program, along with General Plan policies and Mitigation Measures identified in Chapter 10 (Transportation and Circulation), would reasonably implement TCMs consistent with those contained in the latest approved Clean Air Plan. There would, therefore, be no impact related to a conflict with the applicable air quality plan PAGE 2-24 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 2: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND IMPACT OVERVIEW TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Resulting Potential Environmental Impacts Recommended Mitigation Measures Level of Significance Carbon Monoxide. Mobile emissions No mitigation required Less than generated by Project traffic would increase Significant carbon monoxide concentrations at intersections in the Project vicinity. However, these increases would be below significance thresholds of the Bay Area Air Quality Management District so would be considered a less than significant impact. Future Emissions Near Sensitive Receptors. No mitigation required Less than Although not proposed at this time, the Project Significant could include stationary combustion equipment or laboratory facilities that emit air pollution. These sources could emit small amOlmts of toxic air contaminants with the potential to affect sensitive receptors. This impact, however, would be reduced to a less-than- significant level with standard BAAQMD permitting requirements. Construction-Related Diesel Odors. During No mitigation required Less than construction, the various diesel-powered Significant vehicles and equipment in use on the site would create odors. These odors would be temporary and not likely to be noticeable much beyond the Project site's bOlllldaries. As the potential for diesel odor impacts would not affect a substantial amount of people, this impact is less than significant and is further reduced by Measures to Reduce Construction Exhaust in Mitigation Measure Air-I. Septic Systems. No impact would occur, No mitigation required No Impact because a sewer system is present in the area and septic systems are not required at the site. Hazardous Materials near Schools. Belle Air No mitigation required Less than Elementary School, located at 450 3rd Avenue Significant in San Bruno is the nearest school or childcare facility to the project. This school is located approximately 0.8 miles southeast of the site, therefore hazardous materials within 1/4 mile of a school is a less than significant impact. Airport Land Use Plan. No buildings in the No mitigation required Less than Project would exceed 150 feet in height; Significant therefore, the structures would be in compliance with the Airport Land Use Plan. The impact of the Project on the Airport Land Use Plan is less than significant with no mitigation warranted. The Project site is not located within the CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 2-25 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Resulting Potential Environmental Impacts Recommended Mitigation Measures Level of Significance vicinity of a private airstrip. Private aircraft are sometimes granted air space in the South San Francisco area, but buildings and structures are expected to conform to design guidelines for visibility and meet aviation requirements. Therefore, the Project would have no impact relating to a private airstrip. Adopted Emergency Response Plan. No No mitigation required Less than changes to the major access and evacuation Significant routes along San Mateo Avenue and Shaw Road are plaIllled since the Project calls for redevelopment rather than reconstruction or new development of an entire area. Therefore, the Project would have a less than significant impact relating to an adopted emergency response plan. Wildland Fires. The Project area is urbanized No mitigation required No Impact and is not in an area adjacent to wildland subject to wildfires. Therefore the Project would have no impact from wildland fires. Changes in Storm Water Runoff. No mitigation required Less than Development of the proposed Project would Significant result in an approximate 10 percent decrease in impervious surfaces at the Project site. A decrease in impervious surface area, with a corresponding decrease in peak discharge and related polluted nmofffrom the Project site. However, storm flows will be re-directed so that there will be a net increase in flows to the San Mateo Avenue stormdrain. These increased flows to the San Mateo Ave Stormdrain would be acconunodated by on-site storage, resulting in a less than significant impact. Groundwater Depletion I Recharge. The No mitigation required Less than proposed Project will not draw on, or otherwise Significant reduce grOlllldwater resources. The impact of groundwater depletion/recharge would be less than significant and no mitigation is required. Flooding. The Project does not include housing No mitigation required Less than and is located outside of the lOa-year flood Significant hazard zone of Colma Creek as delineated by the current Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Flood Insmance Rate Maps (FIRMs). The Project site is not located in an area that would expose persons to immdation by seiche, tSllllami, or mudflow. Consequently, this impact would be less than significant with PAGE 2-26 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 2: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND IMPACT OVERVIEW TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Resulting Potential Environmental Impacts Recommended Mitigation Measures Level of Significance no mitigation required. Dividing Established Community. The No mitigation required No Impact Project would involve renovation of an existing building and construction of five new buildings within an existing developed area substantially utilized for industrial land use. All properties adjoining the Project site are developed and utilized for commercial and/or industrial purposes. The nearest residential neighborhood is approximately 550 feet to the west (beyond existing railroad tracks) or 1,350 feet to the south (past Interstate 380) Therefore, the Project would have no impact related to the division of an established conununity. Conflict with Plans and Policies. The No mitigation required No Impact proposed Project would be consistent with and would not conflict with or impede achievement of applicable City of South San Francisco General Plan land use policies, thereby constituting no impact. Conflict with Conservation Plan. The Project No mitigation required Less than would be consistent with the requirements of Significant the Tree Protection Ordinance and would mitigate any adverse impacts to "protected" trees. Accordingly, the Project would have a less than significant impact regarding conflicts with conservation policies, ordinances or plans protecting biological resources. Permanent Noise Increases. Project-generated No mitigation required Less than traffic noise and other operational noise sources Significant such as HV AC equipment would not exceed noise standards and would not significantly increase ambient noise levels nor substantially impact noise-sensitive receptors. This would be a less-than-significant impact with no mitigation warranted. Groundborne Vibration. It is not expected No mitigation required No Impact that future land uses at the Project site would generate excessive grOlllldbome vibration or grOlllldbome noise. It is expected that the Project would have no impact related to excessive grOlllldbome vibration or excessive groundbome noise. Airport Noise. Based on the City's land use No mitigation required No Impact criteria, the proposed Project's industrial land use would be compatible with future noise level CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 2-27 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Resulting Potential Environmental Impacts Recommended Mitigation Measures Level of Significance projections in the Project vicinity of 70 dBA (CNEL) or less, thereby representing no impact. Wastewater Treatment. There is sufficient No mitigation required Less than capacity in the treatment plant for the additional Significant flows from the Project, the Project would have a less than significant impact relative to wastewater treatment capacity. Water Supply and Infrastructure. The No mitigation required Less than Project's increase in demand for potable water Significant resulting from the Project can be fulfilled by the California Water Service Company and City of San Bnmo. The new demand can be acconunodated with existing facilities or plaIllled upgrades. The Project would, therefore, have a less than significant impact on water supplies and infrastructure with no mitigation warranted. Storm Drainage Infrastructure. The Project No mitigation required Less than will not result in an increase peak stormwater Significant nmoff from the site. Therefore, the Project will have a less than significant impact on storm drainage infrastructure. Landfill Capacity. The Project would be No mitigation required Less than served by a landfill with sufficient permitted Significant capacity to acconunodate the Project's solid waste disposal needs, and would not require or result in construction oflandfill facilities or expansion of existing facilities nor would it impede the ability of the City to meet the applicable federal, state and local statutes and regulations related to solid waste. The Project would have a less-than-significant impact with no mitigation warranted Energy. The Project is expected to be served No mitigation required Less than with existing capacity and would not require or Significant result in construction of new energy facilities or expansion of existing off-site facilities and would not violate applicable federal, state and local statutes and regulations relating to energy standards. The Project would have a less than significant impact relating to energy conslllTIption with no mitigation warranted. Greenhouse Gas Emissions. The Project No mitigation required Less than would not conflict or obstruct implementation Significant of any of the early actions for reducing PAGE 2-28 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 2: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND IMPACT OVERVIEW TABLE 2-1: SUMMARY OF PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Resulting Potential Environmental Impacts Recommended Mitigation Measures Level of Significance greenhouse gas emissions llllder the California Global Warming Solutions Act of2006 CAB 32). The projected vohnne of Project emissions would not trigger the need to report greenhouse gas emissions to the state. There are elements of the Project, recommended mitigation measures, and required City policies and requirements that contribute to the efficiency of the Project and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The TDM Plan for the Project as required by City Ordinance would serve to reduce emissions The enhanced measures to reduce construction exhaust (see Mitigated Measure Air-I) would also reduce greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the use of alternative fuels, electrical service for powered equipment and reduced diesel engine idling times frames. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 2-29 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT This page intentionally left blank PAGE 2-30 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT 3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION PROJECT LOCATION The 25.02-acre Project site is located at 1070 and 1080 San Mateo Avenue in the City of South San Francisco, approximately 450 feet north of Interstate 380 and approximately 650 feet west of Interstate 101. The Project site has Assessor's Parcel Numbers (APN) of 015- 163-230 and 015-163-120. The Project site location is shown in Figure 3-1 and Figure 3-2 below. The Project site is situated within the City's Lindenville planning sub-area. Lindenville was an area of Government-built housing for military personnel and shipyard workers developed during World War II on the former marshland between Railroad Avenue, South Spruce Avenue, and San Mateo Avenue. These military housing units were demolished in the late 1950s and the area was redeveloped with warehouses, light industry, and single-family housing. Today, warehousing and distribution and light industrial uses are dominant; storage, automobile repair, manufacturing, airport parking, and small business parks are also present. EXISTING SETTING Two land uses currently occur at the Project site, each on a separate parcel. The first land use, which occurs on a 5.23-acre parcel, includes off-site parking intended for patrons of the San Francisco International Airport. This private facility, with an address of 1080 San Mateo Avenue, includes an approximate 975 square foot (sq.ft.), single-story building, entry canopy, several attendant stations and an open surface parking lot with 670 parking spaces. The second land use, which occurs on a 19.79-acre parcel, consists of warehouse and distribution within an existing 571,748 sq. ft. single-story building located at 1070 San Mateo Avenue. This building interior has been divided into ten (l0) units with three (3) office spaces. Concrete and paved parking and driveway areas surround the building. Current building occupants include the General Services Administration (GSA), U.S. Postal Service (USPS) and the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), who use the facility for the storage of office equipment and seized property, and the processing and shipment of mail. These uses occur within five of the ten mentioned tenant spaces and account for CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 3-1 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT Figure 3-1: Vicinity Map. PAGE 3-2 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 3: PROJECT DESCRIPTION Figure 3-2: Street Map. P.. . I . .......! CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 3-3 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT approximately 237,477 sq.ft of the buildings floor area. Of this utilized space, approximately 77,477 sq.ft is occupied and used by the USPS year round. The remainder of this building space, approximately 160,000 sq. ft., is used by the USPS for only five (5) months out of each year. The existing setting within the Project's vicinity and outside of its boundary is summarized as follows: North: Areas immediately adjacent to the north of the Project site include several multi-tenant industrial buildings with Shaw Road addresses. South: Areas immediately adjacent to the south include the Sky Park Indoor Airport Parking facility, with Interstate Highway 380 directly beyond and overhead. East: Areas immediately adjacent to the east include numerous multi-tenant industrial buildings with Shaw Road addresses. West: Areas immediately adjacent to the west of the Project site include the frontage street, San Mateo Avenue, and a number of industrial buildings with addresses ranging from 1090-1220 San Mateo Avenue, including auto repair facilities and a dry-cleaning plant (McNevin) facility. Beyond San Mateo Avenue are more industrial, auto repair and servicing facilities. PROJECT DESCRIPTION LOT LINE MERGER The Project would merge the existing two parcels (i.e., 1070 and 1080 San Mateo Avenue) into a single parcel via a Tentative Parcel Map. STRUCTURES The existing 571,748 sq.ft. single-story building (Building I) at 1070 San Mateo would be remodeled for multi-tenant use (as described below). Most of the remodeling would occur within the interior of the building with the exception of three (3) new truck trailer loading docks wells, relocating one truck trailer loading dock well, 29 new loading dock doors, new pedestrian door openings and new architectural details (i.e., metal canopies and color change) added to the exterior. The existing entry canopy and approximate 975 sq.ft. building at 1080 San Mateo Avenue would be demolished and five, new single-story buildings would be constructed. The proposed new buildings would have floor areas as follows: (Building 2) 9,600 sq.ft.; (Building 3) 12,000 sq.ft.; (Building 4) 12,000 sq.ft.; (Building 5) 9,600 sq.ft.; and (Building 6) 9,100 sq.ft which is located on the 1070 San Mateo parcel. This total new proposed PAGE 3-4 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 3: PROJECT DESCRIPTION building floor area equals 52,300 sq.ft. The proposed maximum building heights of these new buildings range between 25 feet 10 inches to 28 feet 4 inches. The Project site plan is shown in Figure 3-3 and building elevations are illustrated III Figures 3-4 and 3-5. Each is located below. LAN D USES Proposed uses of Buildings I through 6 include eight (8) use types permissible under the site's Industrial District zoning designation ("M-I") (Section 20.30.020). Each proposed land use type is defined as follows: Wholesaling, Storage and Distribution: Light - The Wholesaling, Storage, and Distribution use type refers to establishments or places of business primarily engaged in wholesaling, storage, and bulk sale distribution, including, but not limited to open-air handling of materials and equipment other than live animals and plants. The following are Wholesaling, Storage, and Distribution use types: (I) Light. Wholesaling, storage and warehousing services within enclosed structures. Typical uses include wholesale distributors, storage warehouses, moving and storage firms, freight forwarding and customs brokerage (Municipal Code Section 20.06.270(d)(I)). Custom Manufacturing - The Custom Manufacturing use type refers to establishments primarily engaged in on-site production of goods by hand manufacturing which involves only the use of hand tools or domestic mechanical equipment not exceeding two horsepower or a single kiln not exceeding eight kilowatts, and the incidental direct sale to consumers of only those goods produced on-site. Typical uses include ceramic studios, candle making shops, or custom jewelry manufacturers (Municipal Code Section 20.06.070(t)). General Industrial - The General Industrial use type refers to industrial plants primarily engaged in manufacturing, compounding, processing, assembling, packaging, treatment, or fabrication of materials and products (Municipal Code Section 20.06.IIO(c)). Light Manufacturing - The Light Manufacturing use type refers to the manufacture, predominantly from previously prepared materials, of finished products or parts, including processing, fabrication, assembly, treatment and packaging of such products and incidental storage, sales and distribution of such products. A typical use is commercial printing (Municipal Code Section 20.06.160(f)). Food Preparation - The Food Preparation use type refers to establishments primarily engaged in the preparation of food products only for off-site sales. Typical uses include wholesale bakeries (Municipal Code Section 20.06.100(j)). Laundry Services - The Laundry Services use type refers to establishments primarily CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 3-5 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT engaged in the provision of laundering, dry cleaning, or dyeing services other than those classified as Linen Supply Services or Personal Services. Typical uses include laundry agencies and diaper services (Municipal Code Section 20.06.160(d)). Personal Storage - The Personal Storage use type refers to storage services primarily for personal effects and household goods within enclosed storage areas having individual access, but excludes uses such as workshops, hobby shops, manufacturing, or commercial activity. Typical uses include mini-warehouses (Municipal Code Section 20.06.200(e)). Business and Professional Services - The Business and Professional Services use type refers to establishments or places of business primarily engaged in the sale, rental, or repair of office equipment and the provision of services to offices of other businesses and organizations, rather than to individuals. Typical uses include office supply stores, photocopying centers, secretarial services, and office machine sales and repair stores (Municipal Code Section 20.06.200(j)). The proposed use of Building 6, fronting San Mateo Avenue at 1070 and totaling 9,100 sq.ft., would be utilized for Business and Professional Services (Municipal Section 20.06.060(j)), Eating and Drinking Establishments: Convenience and Limited Service (Municipal Code Section 20.06.090 (a)(l) and (a)(2)) and Convenience Sales (Municipal Section 20.06.220(h)) space, except drive-through windows would not be provided. Full development under the proposed Project is referred to as "buildout." Although the Project intends to accommodate up to potentially eight (8) different land use types (within Buildings I through 5), as permitted in the M-I zone, the actual mix of tenants is unknown. Therefore, in order to describe the Project in a manner that can be adequately assessed in subsequent chapters of this EIR, a Reasonable Occupancy Scenario is defined in terms of floor area per land use type. The Reasonable Occupancy Scenario is defined as follows: . 368,969 sq. ft. of General Light Industrial; . 245,979 sq. ft. of Wholesaling, Storage and Distribution: Light; . 1,500 sq.ft. of Eating and Drinking Establishments (Convenience and Limited); . 1,000 sq.ft. of Convenience Sales; and . 6,600 sq.ft. of Business and Professional Services. For purposes of CEQA, this scenario has been developed as a conservative (i.e., "worst case") assumption, particularly as related to vehicle trip generation and traffic impacts. None of the Project's land use types described above would include stationary sources of air emission, such as fuels combustion, burning of waste material, petroleum refining facilities, PAGE 3-6 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 3: PROJECT DESCRIPTION chemical manufacturing facilities, fuels distribution, metallurgical & minerals manufacturing, semiconductor manufacturing, fiberglass manufacturing, and rubber and plastics manufacturing. The Project would include mobile and area source emission generators common to industrial and commercial areas, such as combustion engine powered vehicles (e.g., passenger vehicles, trucks), indoor heating, and a wide range of consumer products, such as paints, solvents, and cleaners. PARKING, ACCESS & CIRCULATION Vehicle access to the Project site would occur from San Mateo Avenue through one of two curb-cuts. The southerly curb-cut is designed to facilitate passenger vehicle only access through a curved drive aisle. The northerly curb-cut leads to a drive aisle split by a new landscape median, which separates the driveway for ingress and egress for both passenger vehicles and trucks. Once on the Project site, vehicles would circulate through and to various parking areas and loading dock wells located westerly ofthe existing Building I. The existing parking areas then would be reconfigured into a single, interconnected, at-grade parking lot with spaces for approximately 641 passenger vehicles and trucks. Pedestrians would enter the Project site from the sidewalk at San Mateo Avenue, which would connect to proposed paved walkways (located outside of drive aisles) leading to all existing and new buildings. The paved walkways also lead to paved sitting areas interspersed throughout the Project site. Pedestrian access would be restricted along the northern, eastern and southern portions of Building I. LANDSCAPING & LIGHTING Areas not devoted to buildings, off-street parking, and drive aisles would be landscaped with a variety of trees, shrubs, perennials, ornamental grasses, and groundcover. A minimum landscape strip often (10) feet in width would be provided between parking lots and abutting public streets. Landscape strips and islands accommodating trees and groundcover are provided within each surface parking lot. Lighting would include pole-mounted street lighting and wall-mounted building lighting. Pole-mounted lighting has a maximum height of 25 feet and is largely confined to the surface parking lots. All lighting would be designed to direct light downward to reduce glare and overspill onto surrounding properties. GRADING A fairly substantial grade differential separates the 1070 and 1080 San Mateo Avenue parcels on the Project site (i.e., at the property line the parcels are not contiguous at grade). The 1080 San Mateo Avenue parcel is higher in grade and separated by small landscaped cut slopes. At most, the greatest difference in grade between the parcels is approximately six (6) feet, with an average difference of 4.5 to 5 feet along the property line. From San Mateo Avenue, both CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 3-7 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT the 1080 San Mateo parcel and street frontage portion of the 1070 San Mateo parcel generally trend downward in slope in an easterly direction, away from San Mateo Avenue. For example, the slab on-grade foundation of Building I is more than five (5) feet lower than the existing sidewalk at San Mateo Avenue. The Project would re-grade both the 1070 and 1080 San Mateo Avenue parcels in order to achieve one, interconnected site that facilitates vehicular and pedestrian circulation. This includes, most noticeably, the removal of the existing grade break along the property line that slopes from San Mateo Avenue easterly towards Building I. In doing so, the Project would maintain an existing low point between the parcels by grading the 1080 San Mateo site so that any difference in elevation is eliminated. All grading activities will balance "cut" and "fill" on-site, consequently, no importing or exporting of existing material would occur. All "cut" soil would be moved towards the east side of the Project site, adjacent to the eastern elevation of Building I. UTILITIES The Project site currently directs stormwater runoff in two general directions. The approximate 5.23-acre 1080 San Mateo parcel flows to the southeast corner to a pump which discharges to a stormdrain in San Mateo Avenue. The approximate 19.79-acre 1070 San Mateo Avenue parcel drains by gravity to Shaw Road at two points along the eastern boundary. Flows from the base of the loading dock well at the southwest corner of the existing building are pumped into the southern gravity storm drain to Shaw Road. The Project will maintain the pumped outflow to San Mateo Avenue and the existing gravity outflows to Shaw Road. Storage will be provided for the pumped outflow to San Mateo Avenue such that runoff from the design storm in excess of the existing pump capacity will be retained on site. This on-site storage would take the form of oversized pumps leading to the sump pump and/or an underground concrete chamber. The Project will install new stormdrains connecting into the existing pipes though some of the existing pipes will be abandoned. The Project also would introduce vegetated drainage swales and rain gardens to store and treat the storm water runoff. Drainage directed in an easterly direction to Shaw Road would convey run-off to an outfall channel that flows into Colma Creek. The Project also intends to use existing utilities presently servicing the site, including electrical conduits, sanitary sewer services, all water services, and other dry utilities. The Project proposes no off-site utility improvements. CONSTRUCTION The Project includes the demolition of existing paved off-street parking areas and one small approximately 975 square feet structure with adjoining canopy. Demolition is anticipated to begin as early as the fall of 2009. PAGE 3-8 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 3: PROJECT DESCRIPTION Existing asphalt paving will be ground and stockpiled on site for re-use as base-rock in construction of new development. Construction debris will be sorted and sent off-site to recycling and landfill facilities. The construction to modify the off-street parking areas, remodel Building I, and develop new buildings is proposed to occur in two (2) phases. The start of Phase I for the off-street parking areas and the renovation of Building I will commence upon approval of the Project. Phase 2, the construction of the five (5) new buildings, will be determined by the real-estate market, but is anticipated to begin shortly after completion of Phase I. Location( s) of construction staging will be determined by the General Contractor. It is anticipated that staging would be confined to the off-street parking areas adj acent to San Mateo Avenue. Phase I construction is estimated take approximately nine (9) months. Phase 2 construction is estimated to take approximately the same amount of time. On a daily basis, the construction crew will range from ten (l0) to forty (40) individuals. PROJECT OBJECTIVES Development of the site is intended to fulfill the following objectives defined by the Project sponsor: I. Upgrade the existing outdated warehouse/distribution site for use as a modernized warehouse/distribution and light industrial site that can serve the San Francisco Peninsula. 2. Generate an option for non-conforming uses in other South San Francisco locations to relocate, freeing up valuable Bio- Tech development potential elsewhere. 3. Develop a modernized Project that provides for continued operation of an older industrial building with warehousing/distribution services and light industrial uses consistent with the M-I Zoning and Mixed Industrial General Plan designation for the site. 4. Create a Project that generates long-term employment opportunities for residents of the City of South San Francisco, as well as short-term construction jobs. 5. Enhance the appearance of an existing property with high quality design that will improve the streetscape and visual quality along San Mateo Boulevard. 6. Generate revenue that will contribute to the City's fiscal health. 7. Attract new small businesses to the area by providing modern small space in the new CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 3-9 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT buildings. 8. Improve existing storm water management through landscaping to Improve water quality. 9. Create a pedestrian-friendly environment throughout the site with landscape buffers, trees, and seating areas. INTENDED USES OF THIS EIR As discussed in Chapter I, the City of South San Francisco is the Lead Agency responsible for preparation of this EIR (pursuant to CEQA Guidelines section 15051). This EIR is intended to be used to provide CEQA review for all required discretionary actions for the Project. The EIR provides City of South San Francisco decision makers, reviewing agencies, and the general public with relevant environmental information to use in considering the required discretionary actions for approval of the Project. The following approvals would be required: . Certification of Final EIR . Use Permit . Variance . Tentative Parcel Map . Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Plan . Design Review . Administrative approval of subsequent demolition, grading and building permits. PAGE 3-10 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT z o ~ " N o e ~ ~ -;J ~i~~l.~,___ W~_ " ~ .!O V3 ~ ~ g. <l: ~ '" Q) ~ !; ~ ~ lZ: ~ "m:'~!JI 0 !'l~ f =~ -="',"""" , ~.,-~ -~' - l ~ s :: c ~ z U ul! u! 11! ~, I I I II ~ ti ~ ~ co " " ""' .2:c '@ " o iJ " :s " gp " ~ .E f-< e ~ ~ ~ ~ G S :: ~ z U e 2 ~ e ~ ~ ~ z ~ z 2 5 ~ e "' ~ N ~ ti ~ CHAPTER 3: PROJECT DESCRIPTION -....-- ~ ~_~liI:!II!!i- I II . " I Figure 3-4: Existing Building 1 Floor Plan. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 3-13 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT ~1 1lIll ~ ~ 'I!Ii'lII'liIiI~IIISi~_ ,. PO a .1111 f QllSEI I Figure 3-5: Building 1 Floor Plan. -. "-~---~~_..'" .....-,- :~ PAGE 3-14 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 3: PROJECT DESCRIPTION ~1 1IIII!''IWilIIl ~ ~!!I~lr~s;l1lll 1__ QIlSE] , ':.11 ill \ ! Figure 3-6: Buildings 2 & 5 Floor Plan. ~-~ ->~~ - CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 3-15 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT ~1 ~- 'I'I1'I1I'IiI~frV""'_ ~ IIS;E] ----' \ I Figure 3-7: Buildings 3 & 4 Floor Plan. DIll .llN' 1mI!I~ ~ ,.....::Rll>....~ MOO" :1 , P. PAGE 3-16 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 3: PROJECT DESCRIPTION [-11 1 I ___. ._n.__ - ~~ . I~~-i I J I~ _0 I Figure 3-8: Building 6 Floor Plan. --- -- ~.~ - CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 3-17 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT ~1 .-; ~ -. ~~I~- I I , I II' I" ~ 'I ,I' I r I Figure 3-9: Building 1 Roof Plan. - -~~- ~ ~ PAGE 3-18 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 3: PROJECT DESCRIPTION I Figure 3-10: Buildings 2 & 5 Roof Plan. ~1 -- ll!i'ii'14i6iDuUUII__ ~~I!!!fII"_ I l I I - _~a_ av on 1 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 3-19 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT ~1 ------- ~-- ~1UI!~11!!!fI~_ .. I ... I Figure 3-11: Buildings 3 & 4 Roof Plan. - """'.,,,.,,~"" ..... PAGE 3-20 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 3: PROJECT DESCRIPTION ~1 f.Ii ~ ------- ~~~ ~i!JI!~!~_ ~- I==~ I Figure 3-12: Building 6 Roof Plan. - -"""",...., -- 1 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 3-21 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT ! Figure 3-13: Building 1 Elevation Plans. ~1 .. I ... I I ------- ~,--. ~! - --.....,.."" ..... PAGE 3-22 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 3: PROJECT DESCRIPTION ~ , r ------- ~~~ 'E!:Il!~I~_ " r. .. I ... I I'"~ d! ! Figure 3-14: Building 1 Elevation Plans. - """'.,,,.,,~"" ..... CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 3-23 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT ~1 .. I ... I rq IH~L m;m!'lH!: ~!'!~ 1!l1iWll~I!I!ili~_ U! - --.....,.."" ..... ! Figure 3-15: Building 1 Elevation Plans. PAGE 3-24 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 3: PROJECT DESCRIPTION ~1 , . I ... I ll!i'ii'14i6iDuuu__k ~~I!!!till"_ I Figure 3-16: Building 1 Elevation Plans. " :~! I. ' H_ - _~a_ av on 1 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 3-25 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT ~1 I - .- . -...... . ~.~_... ~"I1I'III"1Il1li1m"~d I I Figure 3-17: Buildings 2 & 5 Elevation Plans. , '1 - ~- ~~ - PAGE 3-26 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 3: PROJECT DESCRIPTION I II ~ . --- f:iiIr4'ftj~ ~~- I Figure 3-18: Building 6 Elevation Plans. III OOlllll> f - _U_Mn n 1 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 3-27 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT , ., I .....~.a~,,~~ 1 ~ I 1M Figure 3-19: Landscape Plan. PAGE 3-28 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT 4 AI R QUALITY INTRODUCTION This chapter discusses the Project's potential impacts on the local and regional air quality. Development projects of this type in the Bay Area are most likely to violate an air quality standard or contribute substantially to an existing or projected air quality violation through vehicle trip generation. SETTING METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY Atmospheric conditions such as wind speed, wind direction, and air temperature gradients interact with the physical features of the landscape to determine the movement and dispersal of air pollutants. The climate of the San Francisco Bay Area is classified as Mediterranean, and has mild, wet winters and warm, dry summers. The regional climate is controlled primarily by the Pacific high-pressure system over the eastern Pacific Ocean and by local topography. Local climate is strongly influenced by topography and proximity to the Pacific Ocean and San Francisco Bay. Cool, onshore winds blowing from the Pacific have a moderating effect, especially west of the Diablo Mountain Range where the study area is located. These mountains act as a barrier to onshore winds, resulting in the channeling of airflow along canyons, valleys, and through straits in the Bay, as well as strong west-to-east temperature differences. The resulting overall air flow patterns are complex, exhibiting much local variation. Large-scale winds, which are the wind patterns influenced by general geographical and topographical features of the San Francisco Bay Area on a roughly 50-mile scale, are predominantly from the west from the Golden Gate toward the Delta. While air quality is largely a regional issue, the protection of air quality is vital to the overall health of the environment and the attractiveness of any locality. 1 South San Francisco enjoys generally good air quality due largely to the presence of the San Bruno Gap, a break in the Santa Cruz Mountains that allows onshore winds to flow easily into San Francisco Bay and 1 City of South San Francisco, prepared by Dyett and Bhatia, South San Francisco General Plan, 1999, p. 233. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 4-1 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT quickly disperse air pollutants. Within South San Francisco, certain areas of the city are more likely to result in pollutant exposure for residents and workers. These areas include the Highway 101, Interstate 280, and El Camino Real corridors, which experience relatively high pollutant concentrations due to heavy traffic volumes, particularly during peak periods. In addition, wind blowing out of the south and southeast exposes the city to emissions from the San Francisco International Airport. REGULATORY SETTING South San Francisco is located within the nine county San Francisco Bay Area Air Basin. Air quality in the basin is monitored by the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD), which operates a regional network of air pollution monitoring stations to determine if the national and State standards for criteria air pollutants and emission limits of toxic air contaminants are being achieved. Federal Regulations The Bay Area Air Basin is subject to major air quality planning programs required by the federal Clean Air Act (CAA) (1977, last amended in 1990, 42 United States Code [USC] 7401 et seq.). The CAA requires that regional planning and air pollution control agencies prepare a regional Air Quality Plan to outline the measures by which both stationary and mobile sources of pollutants can be controlled in order to achieve all standards within the deadlines specified in the Clean Air Act. For the Bay Area Air Basin, the Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG), the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC), and the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) jointly prepared a Bay Area Air Quality Plan in 1982. State and Regional Regulations In 1988, California passed the California Clean Air Act (CCAA, California Health and Safety Code S 39600 et seq.). Under the CCAA, the Bay Area Air Basin is required to have a Clean Air Plan (CAP) to achieve and maintain ozone standards. The most recent draft revision to the CAP was completed in 2000. The 2000 CAP applies control measures to stationary sources, mobile sources, and transportation control measures (TCMs). Although the 2000 CAP is an ozone plan, it includes PM10 attainment planning as an informational item. In January 2006, BAAQMD adopted the Bay Area 2005 Ozone Strategy to update and build upon the 2000 CAP. Recently, the Air District has begun the process to prepare the 2009 Bay Area Clean Air Plan. Both the federal Air Quality Plan and the state CAP rely on the combined emission control programs of the EPA, California Air Resources Board (CARB), and the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD). PAGE 4-2 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 4: AIR QUALITY Criteria Air Pollutants Ambient air quality standards have been established by state and federal environmental agencies for specific air pollutants most pervasive in urban environments. These pollutants are referred to as criteria air pollutants because the standards established for them were developed to meet specific health and welfare criteria set forth in the enabling legislation. The criteria air pollutants emitted by the proposed Project include ozone (03) precursors (NOx and RaG), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (N02), and suspended particulate matter (PMlO and PM2s). Other criteria pollutants, such as lead (Pb) and sulfur dioxide (S02), would not be substantially emitted by the proposed Project or Project traffic, and air quality standards for them are being met throughout the Bay Area. Ozone (0]) While 03 serves a beneficial purpose in the upper atmosphere (stratosphere) by reducing ultraviolet radiation potentially harmful to humans, when it reaches elevated concentrations in the lower atmosphere it can be harmful to the human respiratory system and to sensitive species of plants. 03 concentrations build to peak levels during periods of light winds, bright sunshine, and high temperatures. Short-term 03 exposure can reduce lung function in children, make persons susceptible to respiratory infection, and produce symptoms that cause people to seek medical treatment for respiratory distress. Long-term exposure can impair lung defense mechanisms and lead to emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Sensitivity to 03 varies among individuals, but about 20 percent of the population is sensitive to 03, with exercising children being particularly vulnerable. 03 is formed in the atmosphere by a complex series of photochemical reactions that involve "ozone precursors" that are two large families of pollutants: oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and reactive organic gases (RaG). NOx and RaG are emitted from a variety of stationary and mobile sources. While N02, an oxide of nitrogen, is another criteria pollutant itself, RaGs are not in that category, but are included in this discussion as 03 precursors. Carbon Monoxide (CO) Exposure to high concentrations of co reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood and can cause dizziness and fatigue, impair central nervous system function, and induce angina in persons with serious heart disease. Primary sources of co in ambient air are passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and residential wood burning. Nitrogen Dioxide (H02) The major health effect from exposure to high levels of N02 is the risk of acute and chronic respiratory disease. N02 is a combustion by-product, but it can also form in the atmosphere by chemical reaction. N02 is a reddish-brown colored gas often observed during the same conditions that produce high levels of 03 and can affect regional visibility. N02 is one compound in a group of compounds consisting of oxides of nitrogen (NOx). As described above, NOx is an 03 precursor compound. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 4-3 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT Particulate Matter (PM) Particulate matter consists of particles of various sizes which can be inhaled into the lungs and cause adverse health effects. Particulate matter is regulated by the fraction of course particulates 10 microns (a micron is one one-millionth of a meter) or less in diameter (PMlO) and by the fraction of fine particulates 2.5 microns or less in diameter (PM2s). The health effects from long-term exposure to high concentrations of particulate matter are increased risk of chronic respiratory disease like asthma, and altered lung function in children. Short- term exposure to high levels of particulate matter has been shown to increase the number of people seeking medical treatment for respiratory distress, and to increase mortality among those with severe respiratory problems. Particulate matter also results in reduced visibility. Ambient particulate matter has many sources. It is emitted directly by combustion sources like motor vehicles, industrial facilities, and residential wood burning, and in the form of dust from ground-disturbing activities such as construction and farming. It also forms in the atmosphere from the chemical reaction of precursor gases. National and State Ambient Air Oualitv Standards The CAA and CCAA promulgate, respectively, national and state ambient air quality standards for carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (03), nitrogen dioxide (N02), particulate matter 10 microns or less in diameter (PMlO), and particulate matter 2.5 microns or less in diameter (PM2s).2 Ambient standards specify the concentration of pollutants to which the public may be exposed without adverse health effects. Individuals vary widely in their sensitivity to air pollutants, and standards are set to protect more pollution-sensitive populations (e.g., children and the elderly). National and state standards are reviewed and updated periodically based on new health studies. California ambient standards tend to be at least as protective as national ambient standards and are often more stringent. For planning purposes, regions like the San Francisco Bay Area are given an air quality status designation by the federal and state regulatory agencies. Areas with monitored pollutant concentrations that are lower than ambient air quality standards are designated "attainment" on a pollutant-by-pollutant basis. When monitored concentrations exceed ambient standards within an air basin, it is designated "nonattainment" for that pollutant. EXISTING AIR QUALITY In general, the Bay Area experiences low concentrations of most pollutants when compared to federal and state standards. The Bay Area is considered "attainment" for all of the national standards, with the exception of ozone3. The U.S EP A lowered the 24-hour PM2.5 standard from 65 /lg/m3 to 35 /lg/m3 in 2006 and issued attainment status designations for the 35 2 Other pollutants (e.g., lead, sulfur dioxide) also have ambient standards, but they are not discussed in this document because emissions of these pollutants from the Project are expected to be negligible. 3 Bay Area Air Quality Management District website, accessed February 13, 2009. PAGE 4-4 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 4: AIR QUALITY /lg/m3 standard on December 22, 2008. While the EP A has designated the Bay Area as nonattainment for the 35 /lg/m3 PM2.5 standard, President Obama has ordered a freeze on all pending federal rules. Therefore, the effective date of the nonattainment designation is unknown at this time. If or when published, the EP A designation would be effective 90 days after publication of the regulation in the Federal Register. For State air quality standards, the Bay Area is considered "nonattainment" for ozone and particulate matter. The BAAQMD monitors air quality at several locations within the San Francisco Air Basin, although none are located in South San Francisco. The monitoring sites closest to the Project site are located in San Francisco and Redwood City. Table 4-1 summarizes exceedances of the state and federal standards at these two sites. The table shows that most of the ambient air quality standards are met in the Project area with the exception of the state standards for PMlO. TABLE 4-1: SUMMARY OF CRITERIA AIR POLLUTION MONITORING DATA Pollutant Standard Monitoring Days Standard Exceeded Site 2005 2006 2007 Ozone Federal I-Hour San Francisco 0 0 0 Redwood City 0 0 0 Ozone State I-Hour San Francisco 0 0 0 Redwood City 0 0 0 Ozone Federal8-Hour San Francisco 0 0 0 Redwood City 0 0 0 PMIO Federal 24-Hour San Francisco 0 0 0 Redwood City 0 0 0 PMIO State 24-Hour San Francisco 0 3 2 Redwood City 2 2 I Carbon StatefF ederal San Francisco 0 0 0 Monoxide 8-Hour Redwood City 0 0 0 Nitrogen State I-Hour San Francisco 0 0 0 Dioxide Redwood City 0 0 Source: Bay Area Air Quality Management District (http://www.baaqrnd.gov/pio/a~smrnnarieslindex.htrn) CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 4-5 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT IMPACT ANALYSIS STANDARDS OF SIGNIFICANCE The following thresholds for measuring a Project's environmental impacts are based on CEQA Guidelines thresholds: I. Would the Project conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan? The criteria are further defined as follows: - Ifthe Project shows an estimated population greater than assumed in the Clean Air Plan (as defined in ABAG projections), then it would be inconsistent with air quality planning, and would be deemed to have a significant air quality impact. - If the Project shows a growth rate in vehicle miles traveled (VMT) higher than the population growth rate, it would be considered to be hindering progress toward achieving a substantial reduction in passenger vehicle trips and miles traveled. Therefore, it would be considered inconsistent with regional air quality planning, and deemed to have a significant air quality impact. - The consistency of the Project with Clean Air Plan Transportation Control Measures (TCMs) must also be considered in evaluating air quality effects associated with implementation of the Project. Ifthe Project does not demonstrate reasonable efforts to implement the TCMs identified in the Clean Air Plan, then it would be considered to be inconsistent with the CAP and deemed to have a significant air quality impact. 2. Would the Project violate any air quality standard or contribute substantially to an existing or projected air quality violation? 3. Would the Project result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the Project region is non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard (including releasing emissions which exceed qualitative thresholds for ozone precursors)? 4. Would the Project expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations? 5. Would the Project create objectionable odors affecting a substantial number of people? CONFLICT WITH AIR QUALITY PLAN The City's General Plan designations and future land use types and intensities would have been taken into account during preparation of the BAAQMD's 2000 Clean Air Plan and the most recent Clean Air Plan update (Bay Area Ozone Strategy), released in early 2006. Because the Project is consistent with the site's General Plan designation, the Project would therefore be consistent with population projections used to develop the latest Clean Air Plan. Projects should reasonably implement applicable Transportation Control Measures (TCMs) PAGE 4-6 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 4: AIR QUALITY to be considered consistent with regional clean air planning efforts. Most of the TCMs listed in the latest Clean Air Plans are not directly applicable to the Project since they pertain to programmatic and system-wide capital improvements largely assigned to regional agencies such as the Metropolitan Transportation Commission, Bay Area Air Quality Management District and local transit operators4 Under the General Plan policies, projects such as this are required to implement a Transportation Demand Management (TDM) program to reduce project trips. This is identified as part of the Project Description on Page 3-2 and discussed within Chapter 10 (Transportation and Circulation). The TDM program, along with General Plan policies and Mitigation Measures identified in Chapter 10 (Transportation and Circulation), would reasonably implement TCMs consistent with those contained in the latest approved Clean Air Plan. There would, therefore, be no impact related to a conflict with the applicable air quality plan AIR QUALITY STANDARDS Project-related air quality impacts fall into two categories: short-term impacts due to construction, and long-term impacts due to Project operation. During Project construction, the Project would affect local particulate concentrations primarily due to fugitive dust sources. Over the long-term, the Project would result in an increase in emissions primarily due to increased motor vehicle trips. Constructi on Impact Air-I: Construction Dust and Exhaust. Construction activity involves a high potential for the emission of air pollutants. Construction activities would generate exhaust emissions from vehicles/equipment and fugitive particulate matter emissions that would affect local air quality. This would be a potentially significant impact. Construction activities would temporarily affect local air quality, causing a temporary increase in particulate dust and other pollutants. Dust emission during periods of construction would increase particulate concentrations at neighboring properties. This impact is potentially significant, but normally mitigable. BAAQMD CEQA GUidelines5 provide thresholds of significance for air quality impacts. The BAAQMD significance thresholds for construction dust impacts are based on the appropriateness of construction dust controls. The BAAQMD guidelines provide feasible control measures for construction emission of PMlO. If the appropriate construction controls are to be implemented, then air pollutant emissions for construction activities would be 4 Bay Area Air Quality Management District, Bay Area 2005 Ozone Strategy, Page 61 to 72. 5 Bay Area Air Quality Management District, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, 1996 (Revised 1999). CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 4-7 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT considered less than significant. Construction activities from on-site equipment and truck deliveries would emit toxic air contaminants and air pollutants that are not regulated by the BAAQMD. These emissions, although temporary, could affect nearby land uses including residences. However, it is unlikely that significant health risks would occur due to: I) the temporary nature of construction activity, 2) the separation distances between sensitive receptors and the Project, and 3) the implementation of BAAQMD recommended control measures that significantly reduce PMlO emissions from construction. Therefore, in order to be protective of the health of nearby residences, as well as reduce emissions that could affect regional air quality, the Project should implement BAAQMD recommended construction period mitigation measures. This would include "enhanced" measures for the Project since its size exceeds 4 acres. Implementation of the following BAAQMD construction period control measures would ensure air pollutant emissions for construction activities would be considered less than significant. Mitigation Measure Air-I: Dust Suppression and Exhaust Reduction Procedures. The following basic, enhanced and additional measures are recommended for inclusion in construction contracts to control fugitive dust emissions during construction. Measures to reduce construction exhaust will additionally reduce particulate matter from the exhaust of diesel-powered construction vehicles. Basic Measures . Water all active construction areas at least twice daily. . Pave, apply water three times daily, or apply (non-toxic) soil stabilizers on all unpaved access roads, parking areas and staging areas at construction site. . Water or cover stockpiles of debris, soil, sand or other materials that can be blown by the wind. . Cover all trucks hauling soil, sand, and other loose materials or require all trucks to maintain at least two feet of freeboard. . Sweep daily (preferably with water sweepers) all paved access road, parking areas and staging areas at construction sites. . Sweep streets daily (preferably with water sweepers) if visible soil material is carried onto adjacent public streets. . Limit construction equipment idling time. . Properly tune construction equipment engines, and install particulate PAGE 4-8 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 4: AIR QUALITY traps on diesel equipment. Enhanced Measures . Hydroseed or apply (non-toxic) soil stabilizers to inactive construction areas (previously graded areas inactive for ten days or more ). . Enclose, cover, water twice daily or apply (non-toxic) soil binders to exposed stockpiles (dirt, sand, etc.). . Limit traffic speeds on unpaved roads to 15 mph. . Install sandbags or other erosion control measures to prevent silt runoff to public roadways. . Replant vegetation in disturbed areas as quickly as possible. Additional Measures . Install wheel washers for all exiting trucks, or wash off the tires or tracks of all trucks and equipment leaving the site. . Suspend excavation and grading activity when winds (instantaneous gusts) exceed 25 mph. Measures to Reduce Construction Exhaust The measures listed below should be implemented to reduce diesel particulate matter and NOx emissions from on-site construction equipment: . At least 50 percent of the heavy-duty, off-road equipment used for construction shall be CARB-certified off-road engines or equivalent, or use alternative fuels (such as biodiesel or water emulsion fuel) that result in lower emissions. . Use add-on control devices such as diesel oxidation catalysts or particulate filters. . Opacity is an indicator of exhaust particulate emissions from off-road diesel powered equipment. The Project shall ensure that emissions from all construction diesel powered equipment used on the Project site do not exceed 40 percent opacity for more than three minutes in anyone hour. Any equipment found to exceed 40 percent opacity (or Ringelmann 2.0) shall be prohibited from use on the site until repaired. . The contractor shall install temporary electrical service whenever possible to avoid the need for independently powered equipment (e.g., compressors ). . Diesel equipment standing idle for more than two minutes shall be CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 4-9 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT turned off. This would include trucks waiting to deliver or receive soil, aggregate or other bulk materials. Rotating drum concrete trucks could keep their engines running continuously as long as they were on site. . Properly tune and maintain equipment for low emissions. With the implementation of this mitigation measure, impacts related to construction dust and exhaust would be reduced to a less than significant level since, according to the BAAQMD6, the implementation of these control measures has been shown to significantly reduce PMlO emissions from construction. Issues of toxic air contaminants related to construction activIties are further addressed in Chapter 6 (Hazards) of this document, specifically with regard to mitigation measures Haz- 2a, Haz-3a and Haz-3b. Operation Carbon Monoxide Impact Air-2: Carbon Monoxide. Mobile emissions generated by Project traffic would increase carbon monoxide concentrations at intersections in the Project vicinity. However, these increases would be below significance thresholds of the Bay Area Air Quality Management District so would be considered a less than significant impact. Development projects of this type in the Bay Area are most likely to violate an air quality standard or contribute substantially to an existing or projected air quality violation through vehicle trip generation. New vehicle trips add to ozone precursor concentrations and to carbon monoxide concentrations near streets that provide access to the site. Emissions and ambient concentrations of carbon monoxide have decreased greatly in recent years. These improvements are due largely to the introduction of cleaner burning motor vehicles and motor vehicle fuels. No exceedances of the State or national CO standard have been recorded at any of the Bay Area's monitoring stations since 1991. The Bay Area has attained the State and National CO standard7 However, despite this progress, localized CO concentrations still warrant concern in the Bay Area and should be addressed, particularly where localized high concentrations of CO may not be recorded at monitoring sites. Because elevated CO concentrations are generally fairly 6 Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD), BAAQMD CEQA GUIDEliNES - Assessing the Air Quality of Projects and Plans, Pages 13 and 14 (http://www.baaqmd.gov/pln/ceqa/index.htm). 7 California Air Resources Board, 2006 Area Designationsfor State Ambient Air Quality Standards - Carbon Monoxide, Figure 4 (http://www.arb.ca.gov/desig/adm/2006/state_co.pdt) and February 2009 Area Designations for National Ambient Air Quality Standards - Carbon Monoxide (http://www.arb.ca.gov/desig/adm/2008/fed08_co.pdt). PAGE 4-1 0 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 4: AIR QUALITY localized, heavy traffic volumes and congestion can lead to high levels of CO, or "hotspots", while concentrations at the closest air quality monitoring station may be below State and National standards. The Bay Area Air Quality Management District's BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines recommends estimation of carbon monoxide concentrations for projects where project traffic would: (I) result in carbon monoxide emissions exceeding 550 lb./day, (2) impact intersections or roadway links operating at Level of Service (LOS) D, E, or F or would cause Level of Service to decline to D, E, or F; or (3) where project traffic would increase traffic volumes on nearby roadways by 10% or more (unless the increase is less than 100 vehicles per hour). The Project would result in carbon monoxide emissions exceeding over 550 lb/day, contribute traffic to intersections and roadway segments currently operating at an LOS of D, and cause certain intersections and roadway segments to decline to an LOS of D, E or F. Therefore, consistent with BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, the Project's carbon monoxide emissions have been estimated. Future carbon monoxide levels were manually estimated based on the procedures outlined in the BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. 8 These estimates were conducted for five intersections both with and without the Project in place using project traffic projections for local streets and adjacent roadways provided by DKS Associates. As shown in Appendix C, the screening analysis indicates that both the with and without Project scenarios for I-hour and 8-hour Carbon Monoxide Levels are currently below national and California ambient air quality standards. As a result, the impact on local air quality resulting from the Project is considered to be less than significant. CUMULATIVE AIR QUALITY IMPACTS Impact Air-3: Cumulative Air Quality Impacts. The proposed Project would contribute to regional air quality emissions and exceed BAAQMD emissions thresholds for NOx. This would be considered a potentially significant impact. The Project would generate new regional emissions through new vehicle trips. The BAAQMD has developed criteria to determine if a development project could result in potentially significant regional emissions. The District has recommended that 2,000 daily vehicle trips be used as a threshold for identifying those projects that may generate regional impacts. Since the Project would generate 3,430 daily vehicles trips, quantified regional impact analysis is required. The Project size (as defined under the Reasonable Occupancy Scenario) and the corresponding trip generation as forecast by DKS for the traffic analysis in this EIR 8 Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD), BAAQMD CEQA GUIDEliNES - Assessing the Air Quality a/Projects and Plans, Pages 37 and 46 (http://www.baaqmd.gov/pln/ceqa/index.htm). CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE4-11 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT (including a 15% trip reduction to account for South San Francisco's mandatory Transportation Demand Management (TDM) requirements of Municipal Code Chapter 20.120) were input into the URBEMIS 2007 (version 9.2.4) model. The model assumed that the Project would be fully constructed and occupied by 20 I O. Default assumptions for the San Francisco Bay Area were used for all other input values. The URBEMIS 2007 (version 9.2.4) calculations were performed to determine whether the Project would exceed air emissions thresholds for Reactive Organic Gases (RaG), Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) and Fine Particulate Matter (PMlO). Emissions thresholds are 80 pounds per day for RaG, NOx and PMlO, and 15 tons per year for RaG, NOx and PMlO. The Project's maximum total daily emissions would occur during the winter are estimated at 40.66 pounds per day (lbs/day) for RaG, 112.43 lbs/day for NOx, and 52.87 lbs/day for PMlO. The Project maximum total yearly emissions are estimated at 7.11 pounds per day (lbs/day) for RaG, 17.22 lbs/day for NOx, and 9.64Ibs/day for PMlO. The Project's worst case daily and yearly emissions would exceed the emission thresholds. The following mitigation measures are recommended to reduce the Project's contribution to cumulative, regional air quality impacts. Mitigation Measure Air-3a: Tractor-Trailer Idling. Pursuant to California Code of Regulations Title 13, Chapter 10, Section 2485 - Mobile Source Operational Controls, Article 1 - Motor Vehicles, Division 3, the Applicant shall prohibit all diesel trucks and other delivery vehicles from idling their engines for more than five minutes when making deliveries to or from the Project site. Signage shall be posted throughout the facility displaying the requirement that engines shall not idle for more than five minutes. Mitigation Measure Air-3b: Transportation Demand Management Program. Implementation of a Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Program is required, as described in Mitigation Measure Traf-I of the Transportation and Circulation chapter. This Program would reduce the number of vehicle trips to and from the Project site. The following components shall be included in the TDM Program to further reduce Project impacts to air quality: . Provide bicycle amemties so that employees could bicycle to the Project. Such amenities could include safe onsite bicycle access and convenient storage (bike racks). Amenities for employees could include secure bicycle parking, lockers, and shower facilities. . For all buildings, provide outdoor electrical outlets and encourage the use of electrical landscape maintenance equipment. PAGE 4-12 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 4: AIR QUALITY . Provide electrical outlets for recharging electrical vehicles III commercial and industrial parking lots/structures. . Provide II 0 and 220 Volt outlets at all loading docks and prohibit trucks from using their auxiliary equipment powered by diesel engines for more than 5 minutes. . Provide new trees that would shade buildings and walkways III summer to reduce the cooling loads on buildings. While implementation of these mitigation measures would reduce Project emissions, it is not possible to quantitatively evaluate their effectiveness in reducing emissions. The BAAQMD directs that, while a certain degree of professional judgment is usually involved in estimating the effectiveness of mitigation measures, overly speculative estimates should be avoided. 9 The BAAQMD further directs that, if the Lead Agency cannot quantify mitigation effectiveness with a reasonable degree of certainty, the environmental document should at least address effectiveness qualitatively. However, given the uncertain nature of the final building occupants, this EIR can not qualitatively evaluate the effectiveness of Mitigation Measures Air-3a and Air-3b. Therefore, with regard to cumulative air quality impacts, the Project would result in a significant and unavoidnble impact. SENSITIVE RECEPTORS Impact Air-4: Future Emissions Near Sensitive Receptors. Although not proposed at this time, the Project could include stationary combustion equipment or laboratory facilities that emit air pollution. These sources could emit small amounts of toxic air contaminants with the potential to affect sensitive receptors. This impact, however, would be reduced to a less-than- significant level with standard BAAQMD permitting requirements. The BAAQMD defines sensitive receptors as facilities where sensitive receptor population groups (children, the elderly, the acutely ill and the chronically ill) are likely to be located. These land uses include residences, schools, playgrounds, child care centers, retirement homes, convalescent homes, hospitals and medical clinics. A pocket of residential development exists approximately 550 feet to the west of the Project site between Huntington Avenue and Herman Street. The nearest schools are located approximately 0.74-miles to the south (i.e., Decmina M Allen School, 875 Agnus Avenue W, San Bruno and Bell Air School, 450 3rd Ave, San Bruno); others are one-mile or more away. The proposed Project could expose these sensitive receptors to on-site emissions during operation of the Project. Any Project occupant who would potentially release toxic air 9 Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD), BAAQMD CEQA GUIDEliNES - Assessing the Air Quality a/Projects and Plans, Pages 58. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 4-13 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT contaminant emissions would be subject to rules, regulations and procedures of the Bay Area Air Quality Management District. As part of its program to control toxic air contaminant emissions, the District has established procedures for estimating the risk associated with exposure. The methods used are conservative, meaning that the real risks from the source may be lower than the calculations, but it is unlikely they will be higher. In the first step of a two-step process, the District estimates how much of a contaminant would be found in the air at a specific location. The estimate depends upon the type of source, its rate of production and its location. The second step involves determining if the estimated amount of contaminant is hazardous to those exposed to it. This determination includes an evaluation of both carcinogenicity (tendency to cause cancer) and non-cancer health effects. Chemical toxicity is based on animal study results and in some instances, on the results of human exposure. The BAAQMD requires permits for stationary combustion equipment and large laboratory facilities. Small laboratories are exempt since their emissions would not likely pose an adverse impact to the public. Stationary equipment or laboratories that are subject to permitting requirements must show that impacts to the public would be negligible (e.g., cancer risks would be less than 10 in one million). As a result, these facilities would pose a less than significant impact with respect to criteria pollutants. ODORS Impact Air-5: Construction-Related Diesel Odors. During construction, the various diesel-powered vehicles and equipment in use on the site would create odors. These odors would be temporary and not likely to be noticeable much beyond the Project site's boundaries. As the potential for diesel odor impacts would not affect a substantial amount of people, this impact is less than significant and is further reduced by Measures to Reduce Construction Exhaust in Mitigation Measure Air-I. Therefore, no mitigation is required. Many construction vehicles run on diesel gasoline, the exhaust of which has a distinct smell generally considered an objectionable odor. However, these odors would be temporary as they are only associated with construction and would not be expected to reach much past the boundary of the Project site. Measures to reduce construction exhaust, as presented in Mitigation Measure Air-I in this EIR, are targeted at reduction of diesel particulates associated with construction, but would also act to further reduce diesel odor emissions. Impact Air-6: Operational-Related Objectionable Odors. While it is not known at this time what specific businesses will occupy the completed Project, these businesses will be required to conform to applicable air quality regulations in order to ensure that any odors resulting from operations will remain at a less than significant level. Therefore, no mitigation is required. PAGE 4-14 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 4: AIR QUALITY Because it is not now known what specific businesses (beyond those described in Chapter 2, Project Description) would occupy the Project site, it is difficult to determine if the Project would have an adverse impact. However, the Project does include the potential for a Food Processing land use type which is a known producer of odors. While any future tenant would be required to conform to applicable air quality regulations to ensure that no significant odors are generated, including requirements of BAAQMD Regulation 7 - Odorous Substances, odors may still be discharged from site and remain odorous after dilution with odor-free air. Mitigation Measure Air-3a: Odor Control. Prior to the issuance of a Building or Tenant Improvement Permit for a food preparation use the owner shall provide an Odor Control Program which includes measures to eliminate odors associated with the food use. Such measures may include, but are not limited to, frequent trash pickup, indoor trash enclosure and state of the art odor and filtration controls. The program shall be subject to the review and approval of the City's Chief Planner in consultation with the Building Official. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 4-1 5 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT This page intentionally left blank PAGE4-16 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT 5 GEOLOGY AND SOILS INTRODUCTION The information presented below was drawn from several sources of data including: (I) Geotechnical Feasibility Study for the project site completed by Treadwell and Rollo, Inc, dated January 23, 2009; (2) Review of USGS Open File Reports (OFR) of the area, including a map of bedrock geology (USGS OFR 98-354, 1998), and a Quaternary Geologic Map, including liquefaction susceptibility (USGS OFR 97-715, 1997); (3) Review of Official California Geologic Survey (CGS) (formerly the California Division of Mines and Geology (CDMG)) Maps, including the South San Francisco Alquist-Priolo (A-P) Earthquake Fault Zone Map (1982), and Fault Activity Map of California (1994); (4) Review of government websites, including the Association of Bay Area Government's (ABAG) website (www.abag.gov) for a summary of hazards ranging from seismic shaking to liquefaction susceptibility; and (5) Review of the General Plan for the City of South San Francisco, as well as all other applicable ordinances and regulations. EXISTING SETTING REGIONAL SEISMICITY The site lies in the tectonically active Coast Ranges Geomorphic Province of northern California, on the east side of the San Francisco Peninsula. Development of the northwest trending ridges and valleys in the vicinity, including the Santa Cruz Mountains and San Francisco Bay, is controlled by active tectonism along the boundary between the North American and Pacific Tectonic Plates, the San Andreas Fault System. Area faults have predominantly right-lateral strike-slip (horizontal) movement, with lesser dip-slip (vertical) components of displacement. Horizontal and vertical movement is distributed on the various fault strands within a fault zone. Throughout geologic time the fault strands experiencing active deformation change in response to regional shifts in stress and strain from plate motions. Within sixteen miles of the Project site there are three major active faults that display large right-lateral strike-slip offsets, the San Andreas Fault, the San Gregorio Fault, and the Hayward Fault. Seismicity of the Project region has resulted in several major earthquakes during the historic CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 5-1 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT period, including the 1868 Hayward Earthquake, the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake, and most recently, the 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake. Small, non-damaging earthquakes occur frequently in the Project vicinity. Larger potentially damaging earthquakes are expected to occur periodically, and are considered likely during the design life of the proposed Project. The Project site location relative to major faults and earthquake epicenters in the San Francisco Bay Area is shown in Figure 5-1 below.! . . \!;I iil! (!Ii . ~ (!ill ,. , l . ,.-~J - -" - .. Figure 5 -1. Major Faults and Earthquake Epicenters. 1 Modified from Earthquake Planning Scenario for a 7.5 Magnitude Earthquake on the Hayward Fault in the San Francisco Bay Area California Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 78, 1987. PAGE 5-2 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 5: GEOLOGY AND SOILS The nearest active or potentially active fault zones to the Project site are the San Andreas Fault, located 1.9 miles southwest of the site, the San Gregorio Fault (Seal Cove fault), located approximately 10.0 miles to the southwest, and the Hayward Fault, located approximately 16.0 miles to the northeast. The nearest potentially active fault (showing evidence of Quaternary movement, or movement within the past 1.6 million years) is the Serra Fault, located approximately 1.3 miles west-southwest of the site2 The nearest geologic fault of any kind is the San Bruno Fault, located approximately 0.3 miles southwest of the Project site. This fault is not considered active or potentially active. Fault locations relative to the Project site, status, date of most recent motion and mean characteristic moment magnitude of nearby faults are presented in Table 5-1 below. TABLE 5-1: MEAN CHARACTERISTIC MOMENT MAGNITUDE OF NEARBY FAULTS Fault Name Distance (mi) Direction Last Surface Activity Mean Characteristic Moment Rupture Magnitude3 Serra 1.3 WSW Late Quaternary Potentially Active San Andreas 2 WSW Historic Active 7.90 Seal Cove 8 S Holocene Active Hayward 16 NE Historic Active 6.91 Monte Vista 20 SE Late Quaternary Potentially Active 6.80 San Gregorio 26 S Holocene Active 7.44 Calaveras 26 ENE Holocene Active 6.93 Pleasanton 27 ENE Holocene Active Concord 31 NE Historic Active 6.71 Williams 33 E Late Quaternary Potentially Active Clayton 35 NE Holocene Active Green Valley 36 NNE Holocene Active 6.71 Marsh Creek 36 ENE Holocene Active Rogers Creek 36 N Holocene Active 6.98 Las Positas 38 E Historic Active Napa 38 NNE Holocene Active 6.70 Greenville 39 NNE Historic Active 6.94 Source: Modified from Earthquake Planning Scenario for a 7.5 Magnitude Earthquake on the Hayward Fault in the San Francisco Bay Area California Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 78, 1987. 2 Fault Evaluation Reports Prepared under the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act #119, California Geological Survey, 2002. 3 Uniform California Earthquake Forecast Version 2, 2007 Working Group on California Eartliquake Probabilities, USGS Open-File Report 2007-1437, cGS Special Report 203,2008. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 5-3 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT REGIONAL GEOLOGY The Project site is located near the western edge of the San Francisco Bay, a submerged valley in the Central Coast Ranges of California. This area is characterized by northwest trending mountain ranges and valleys oriented sub-parallel to faults of the San Andreas Fault System. In the San Francisco Bay Area, Tertiary strata commonly rest in angular unconformity on rocks of the Franciscan complex, which is composed of weakly to strongly metamorphosed greywacke (sandstone), argillite, limestone, basalt, serpentinite, and chert. The rocks of the Franciscan complex are ancient Jurassic oceanic crust and deep marine (pelagic) deposits accreted onto the edge of the North American Continent and metamorphosed as a result of accretion and partial subduction. These deposits are overlain by Late Jurassic to Late Cretaceous sedimentary deposits. Deposits of these rocks may be found at outcropping along San Bruno Mountain in the project vicinity. Little metamorphosed, high-pressure, low-temperature metamorphic minerals are common in the Franciscan complex, but there are also high grade metamorphic blocks in sheared but relatively un-metamorphosed argillite matrix which reflect the complicated tectonic and structural history ofthe Franciscan Complex. The bedrock of the Project site's larger environs has been offset by movement along the San Andreas Fault, which traverses the Santa Cruz Mountains prior to heading offshore in southern Daly City, on the other side of the San Francisco Peninsula. Several northwest trending and structurally controlled valleys dissect the Peninsula, including the valley of Colma Creek, which contains the Project site. During the Quaternary Period of rising and falling sea level in response to patterns of global glaciation, these valleys were incised and then backfilled with sediment to form the suite of alluvial deposits that can be found today, including the Pleistocene-age Colma Formation. Along the bay margin, Holocene "Bay Mud" deposited within the past 1l,000 years, during which time the Bay has filled with seawater, can be found, as well as marsh deposits, and other fine grained sediment accumulated by currents along the shore. SITE SOILS AND GEOLOGY According to a recent map of bedrock geology (1998), the majority of the site is underlain by the Pleistocene age Colma Formation4 The Colma Formation is described as friable, well sorted, fine to medium grained sand containing a few beds of sandy silt, clay, and gravel 4 Bonila, M.G., Preliminary Geologic Map of the San Francisco South 7.5 Minute Quadrangle and Part of the Hunter's Point 7.5 Minute Quadrangle, San Francisco Bay Area, California, USGS Open-File Report 98-354, 1998. PAGE 5-4 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 5: GEOLOGY AND SOILS throughout most of the area, but also as sandy clay and silty sand in the Project vicinity. The far easternmost portion of the Project site coincides with the westernmost extent of historical marshes. These former drainages of Colma Creek are now covered by artificial fill. The artificial fill consists of clay, silt, sand, rock fragments, organic matter, and man-made debris.5 The Project site is likely underlain at depth by Franciscan Rocks similar to those exposed in nearby San Bruno Mountain. Treadwell and Rollo prepared a geotechnical feasibility study for the Project site dated January 23, 2009. No geologic map or boreholes were completed as part ofthis investigation and subsurface information was inferred from investigations performed in the site vicinity. The Treadwell and Rollo report indicates that a thin layer of fill (less than 10 feet thick) consisting of clay, silt, and sand may be covering the site. The fill, if present, likely varies in thickness and may be absent in some areas. Native soils east of the historical margins of marsh deposits, likely consist of soft to medium stiff, compressible, marine clay deposits of Holocene Bay Mud. Bay Mud may underlie the easternmost portions of the project site. Material underlying the fill (or Bay Mud, if present) are likely alluvial deposits consisting of stiff to very stiff silty and sandy clay and clayey and sandy silts, and dense to very dense sand and clayey sand. While no boreholes were drilled at the site, groundwater levels measured in boreholes in the vicinity were between four and fourteen feet below ground surface. 6 LANDSLlDING AND SLOPE INSTABILITY Slope steepness is generally the dominant factor governing slope stability, depending upon soil and bedrock conditions. Steep slopes greater than 50 percent are especially prone to landslides in areas of weak soil and/or bedrock. The Project site is nearly level; however there is currently a grade difference of approximately 4 to 6 feet between the 1070 and 1080 San Mateo Ave sites, separated by small landscaped cuts. According to ABAG landslide maps the Project site is not at risk of slope instability. PRIMARY SEISMIC HAZARDS A number of active and potentially active faults are present in the region. According to criteria of the State of California Geological Survey, active faults have experienced surface rupture within the last 11,000 years (Holocene Period). The Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act of 1972 initiated a program of mapping active and potentially active faults (faults with displacement within Quaternary time - the last 1.6 million years). According to the 5 Bonilla, M.G., Preliminary Geologic Map of the San Francisco Soutli 7.5' Quadrangle and part of the Hunter's Point 7.5' Quadrangle, San Francisco Bay Area, California. USGS, 1998. 6 Treadwell and Rollo, Preliminary Geotechnical Feasibility Study, 1070 and 1080 San Mateo Ave, Soutli San Francisco, 23 January 2009. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 5-5 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT program, active faults must be zoned and development projects within the Earthquake Fault Zones investigated to establish the location and age of any faulting across the development site. Active and potentially active faults along the San Francisco Peninsula have undergone extensive investigation in the past. ABAG has summarized results from many of these studies to quantify the potential impact to certain areas, while the California Geological Survey has established Earthquake Fault Zone (EFZ) boundaries. According to these maps, the Project site is not located within an EFZ. The nearest EFZ is for the San Andreas Fault, located approximately 2 miles southwest of the site. Since no faults are mapped across the project site on any published maps, ground rupture at the site as a result of an earthquake is unlikely and the risk of ground rupture within the project boundaries is considered very low. SECONDARY SEISMIC HAZARDS Ground Shaking The San Francisco Bay Area is a seismically active region. The Project site and region will likely be subjected to strong to violent seismically induced ground shaking within the design life ofthe proposed Project. The Project site is located in an area of active regional seismicity near active seismic sources. According to a recent study completed by the Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities (WGCEP), which assesses the probability of earthquakes in the San Francisco Bay Area, there is a 63 percent probability that an earthquake of Richter Magnitude 6.7 or greater will strike the region between 2007 and 2037.7 The intensity of ground shaking at a particular site will vary with the distance and magnitude of the earthquake causing the ground shaking. The maximum intensity ground shaking expected to occur at the Project site would be a modified Mercalli intensity level of IX (violent) in response to an earthquake of equivalent magnitude to the 1906 earthquake (7.9) on the San Andreas Fault. An earthquake of magnitude 6.8 on the Hayward Fault would be expected to produce strong ground shaking equivalent to Modified Mercalli intensity level VII. 8 The Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale is included as Table 5-2 below. Peak ground accelerations for the Project site with a 10 percent probability of being exceeded 7 The Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast, Version 2, 2007 Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities, 2008. obtained from http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1437/ 8 Association of Bay Area Governments, www.abag.ca.gov. 2005. PAGE 5-6 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 5: GEOLOGY AND SOILS in a 50-year period, are approximately 68 percent of the acceleration due to gravity9 Actual ground motions resulting from ground acceleration may be amplified or dampened depending on the underlying geologic materials. Deep soft soils tend to amplify waves whereas shallow soils overlying hard bedrock tends to dampen shaking intensity. With relatively dense soils at the Project site, no amplification of seismic waves is anticipated. Seismically Induced Liquefaction Liquefaction is the temporary transformation of saturated, cohesionless soil into a viscous liquid as a result of seismically induced ground shaking. The Project site is located just to the west of artificially filled former drainage channels of Colma Creek's alluvial fan. As such, liquefaction potential at the Project site may vary from very low in the western part of the site to much higher at the eastern edge. According to ABAG, soils over the majority of the Project site have a very low susceptibility to liquefaction, whereas soils in the far eastern portion of the site (under the eastern part of the existing warehouse building) have a very high susceptibility.loThese ABAG maps show a sharp demarcation at the line separating artificial fill and native ground, from very high risk to very low risk. A USGS map showing liquefaction susceptibility in the San Francisco Bay Area shows the Project site as having a very low susceptibility to liquefaction. However, the same map showed a very high susceptibility to liquefaction approximately 300 feet east of the rear of the existing building.11 The Treadwell and Rollo geotechnical feasibility study concluded that the risk of liquefaction is low unless liquefiable material is found in the fill. Seismically Induced Densification Dynamic densification or ground subsidence can occur when dry, cohesionless soils collapse as a result of seismic shaking. This may be particularly true of unconsolidated sandy fill, or ground overlying hollow areas due to caves, mines, or areas with excessive groundwater removal. Fill materials may be subject to the effects of seismically induced densification. Seismically Induced Lurch Cracking Lurching is the sudden swaying, rolling, or spreading of the ground during a strong earthquake. Lurch cracking is the development of fissures or cracks on slopes overlain by weak soils. The Project site is nearly level and lurch cracking is not considered a hazard. 9 California Geologic Survey, http://www.consrv.ca.gov/cGS/rghm/pshamap/pshamain.html . 10 ABAG website, www.abag.ca.gov 11 Knudsen, K, et al. Quaternary Geology and Liquefaction Susceptibility San Francisco 1 :100,000 Quadrangle, Plate 2, Liquefaction Susceptibility, 1997, USGS Open-File Report 97-715. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 5-7 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT TABLE 5-2: MODIFIED MERCALLI EARTHQUAKE INTENSITY SCALE Scale Intensity Effects Notfe!t. II III IV Felt by persons at rest, on upper floors, or favorably placed. Felt indoors. Hanging objects swing. Vibration like passing of light trucks. Hanging objects SlNing. Vibration like passing of heavy trucks. Standing motorcars rock. Windows, dishes, doors rattle. Glasses clink. Crockery clashes. In the upper range anv, wooden walls and frame creak. V Light Felt outdoors; direction estimated. Sleepers wakened. Liquids disturbed, some spilled. Small unstable objects displaced or upset. Doors SlNing, close, open. Shutters, pictures move. Pendulum clocks stop, start, change rate. VI Moderate Felt by all. Many frightened and run outdoors. Persons walk unsteadily. Windows, dishes, glasSlNare broken. Objects fall off shelves. Pictures off walls. Furniture moved or overturned. Weak plaster and poorly constructed or weak masonry cracked. Trees, bushes shaken (visibly, or heard to rustle). VII Strong Difficult to stand. Noticed by drivers of motorcars. Hanging objects quiver. Furniture broken. Damage to poorly constructed or weak masonry. Weak chirrmeys broken at roofline. Fall of plaster, loose bricks, stones, tiles, and cornices. Some cracks in average unreinforced masonry. Waves on ponds; water turbid with mud. Small slides and caving in along sand or gravel banks. Large bells ring. Concrete irrigation ditches damaged VIII Very Strong Steering of motorcars affected. Damage to average masonry and partial collapse. Some damage to reinforced masonry, but not to that specially designed for seismic loading. Fall of stucco and some masonry walls. Collapse of chimneys, factory stacks, monuments, towers, and elevated tanks. Frame houses moved on foundations if not bolted down; loose panel walls thrown out. Decayed piling broken off. Branches broken from trees. Changes in flow or temperature of springs and wells. Cracks in wet ground and on steep slopes. IX Violent General panic. Poorly built or weak masonry destroyed; average unreinforced masonry heavily damaged, sometimes with complete collapse; reinforced masonry seriously damaged. (General damage to foundations.) Frame structures, if not bolted, shifted off foundations. Frames racked. Serious damage to reservoirs. Underground pipes broken. Conspicuous cracks in ground. In alluvial areas sand and mud ejected, earthquake fountains, sand craters. X Very Violent Most masonry and frame structures destroyed with their foundations. Some well-built wooden structures and bridges destroyed. Serious damage to dams, dikes, embankments. Large landslides. Water thrown on banks of canals, rivers, lakes, etc. Sand and mud shifted horizontally on beaches and flat land. Rails bent slightly. XII Very Violent Rails bent greatly. Underground pipelines completely out of service. XII Very Violent Damage nearly total. Large rock masses displaced. Lines of sight and level distorted. Objects thrown into the air. Source: Wood and Neumann, (1931), Modified Mercalli scale of 1931, Bulletin of Seismological Society of America, 21, 277-283. Seismically Induced Landslides Seismically induced landslides and slope failure is another secondary seismic hazard. During earthquake induced ground shaking, unstable slopes can fail, causing landslides and debris flows. Due to the nearly level topography of the Project site, seismically induced landslides are not considered a hazard. PAGE 5-8 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 5: GEOLOGY AND SOILS REGULATORY SETTING STATE LAWS AND REGULATIONS Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act The California Legislature passed the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act in 1972 to mitigate the hazard of surface faulting to structures for human occupancy.12 The Act's main purpose is to prevent the construction of buildings used for human occupancy on the surface trace of active faults. The Act addresses only the hazard of surface fault rupture and is not directed toward other earthquake hazards. Local agencies must regulate most development in fault zones established by the State Geologist. Before a project can be permitted in a designated Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone, the city or county with jurisdiction must require a geologic investigation to demonstrate that proposed buildings would not be constructed across active or potentially active faults. California Seismic Hazards Mapping Act The California Seismic Hazards Mapping Act of 1990 (California Public Resources Code Sections 2690-2699.6) addresses seismic hazards other than surface rupture, such as liquefaction and seismically induced landslides. The Seismic Hazards Mapping Act specifies that the lead agency for a project may withhold development permits until geologic or soils investigations are conducted for specific sites and mitigation measures are incorporated into plans to reduce hazards associated with seismicity and unstable soils. Seismic hazard zone maps for San Mateo County are in the planning stage and have yet to be completed. California Building Code Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations, also known as the California Building Standards Code, sets minimum requirements for building design and construction. The 2007 version of the California Building Standards Code are effective as of January I, 2008. The California Building Standards Code is a compilation of three types of building standards from three different origins: . Building standards that have been adopted by state agencIes without change from building standards contained in national model codes; . Building standards that have been adopted and adapted from the national model code standards to meet California conditions; and 12 California Division of Mines and Geology, 1997 revision, Fault-Rupture Hazard Zones in California, DMG Special Publication 42. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 5-9 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT . Building standards, authorized by the California legislature, that constitute extensive additions not covered by the model codes that have been adopted to address particular California concerns. 13 In the context of earthquake hazards, the California Building Standards Code's design standards have a primary objective of assuring public safety and a secondary goal of minimizing property damage and maintaining function during and following seismic events. The 2007 version of the California Building Standards Code differs significantly from the previous versions of the code. The 2007 code assigns a seismic design category (SDC) to each structure. The SDC is assigned as a means of capturing both the seismic hazard, in terms of mapped acceleration parameters (spectral values), site class (defining the soil profile), and the occupancy category (based on its importance or hazardous material contents). The SDC affects design and detailing requirements as well as the structural system that may be used and its height. The previous versions of the code captured these requirements simply based on the location's seismic zone.14 LOCAL REGULATIONS AND POLICIES City of South San Francisco Hazard Mitigation Plan The City of South San Francisco has adopted the Association of Bay Area Governments Local Hazard Mitigation Plan as the Hazard Mitigation Plan (HMP) for the City by Resolution No. 65-2006, on August 16, 2006. The HMP has been designed to identify the areas where people or structures may have higher vulnerability to earthquakes, flood, wildland fires, and other natural hazards. The plan identifies policies and actions that may be implemented by the City to reduce the potential for loss of life and property damage in these areas based on an analysis of the frequency of earthquakes, floods, wildland fires and landslides in terms of frequency, intensity, location, history, and damage effects. The Plan also serves as a guide for decision-makers as they commit resources to reduce the effects of natural hazards. City of South San Francisco General Plan The Health and Safety Element of the City's General Plan includes a section on Geological and Seismic Hazards. This section identifies geotechnical and geologic impacts to the general City of South San Francisco area. The most recent General Plan update was completed in October 1999. 13 California Building Standards Commission website at http://www.bsc.ca.gov/title_24/default.htm 14 Bonneville, David New Building Code Provisions and Their Implications for Design and Construction in California (abstract), 2007, obtained from htlp:/ /www.consrv.ca.gov /cgs/smip/ docs/seminar/SMIP07 /Pages/Paper 12_ Bonneville. aspx. PAGE 5-10 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 5: GEOLOGY AND SOILS City of South San Francisco Municipal Code The City of South San Francisco Municipal Code Title 15 includes information on the Construction Codes and Amendments adopted by the City of South San Francisco. This includes the California Building Code, among other codes used in construction in the City of South San Francisco. The California Building Code Vol. I and 2, 2007 Edition, including the California Building Standards, 2007 Edition, published by the International Conference of Building Officials, and as modified by the amendments, additions and deletions set forth in Title 15 was adopted by reference as the building code of the City of South San Francisco on January 1,2008. IMPACT ANALYSIS STANDARDS OF SIGNIFICANCE The following thresholds for measuring the Project's impacts are based upon CEQA Guidelines thresholds: I. Would the Proj ect expose people or structures to potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving: i) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? ii) Strong seismic ground shaking? iii) Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction? iv) Landslides? 2. Would the Project result in substantial soil erosion or the loss oftopsoil? 3. Would the Project be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as a result of the Project, and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse? 4. Would the Project be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18-I-B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial risks to life or property? 5. Would the Project have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of waste water? CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 5-11 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT SEISMIC IMPACTS Impact Geo-l Geologic Hazards. According to CEQA guidelines, exposure of people or structures to major geological hazards is a significant adverse impact. The primary seismic hazards affecting the Project are strong seismic ground shaking and potentially liquefiable fill soils, each of which are considered a potentially significant impact. The basic criterion applied to the analysis of impacts is whether construction of the Project will create, or be founded on, unstable geologic conditions that would last beyond the short- term construction period. The analysis of geological hazards is primarily based on the degree to which the site geology could produce hazards to people, structures, and the environment from earthquakes, fault rupture, landslides, soil creep, expansion and settlement or other geologic events. Exposure to Strong Seismic Ground-Shaking There is a high probability that the proposed development would be subjected to strong to violent ground shaking from an earthquake during its design life. Therefore, this could be considered a potentially significant impact. Surface Fault Rupture According to the latest available maps, the site is not contained within an Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone boundary. Published geologic maps show no faults across the site, and there is no other indication of an active fault, and therefore no impact to the Project. Seismically Induced Ground Failure According to Association of Bay Area Governments liquefaction hazard maps, the rear (east) portions of the site are located in areas with a very high susceptibility to liquefaction. The Geotechnical Investigation by Treadwell & Rollo concluded that fill soils may be susceptible to liquefaction and/or densification. Seismically induced ground failure is a potentially significant impact. Exposure to Seismically-Induced Landslides The site is nearly level and no landslides are mapped across the property. Consequently, there would be no impact. The Project would re-grade the parcels in order to create one interconnected site to facilitate pedestrian and vehicular circulation. After re-grading the site will be nearly level and slope stability is not expected to be an issue. Mitigation Measure Geo-la Completion of and compliance with recommendations of a Geotechnical Investigation and in conformance with Structural Design PAGE 5-12 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 5: GEOLOGY AND SOILS Plans. A design level geotechnical investigation shall be completed that includes subsurface investigation in areas to be occupied by structures (currently a paved parking lot). The design level geotechnical report shall include recommendations for site preparation and grading, foundation design, concrete slabs-on-grade, pavement section design, surface and subsurface drainage measures and site- specific seismic response criteria (shown in Table Geo-3 below). The design level geotechnical investigation shall be reviewed and approved by the City's Geotechnical Consultant and the City Engineer. The design level geotechnical investigation shall evaluate liquefaction potential of underlying fill and native soil. Should liquefiable or densifiable materials be encountered in the fill, mitigation measures to reduce their impact shall be formulated. These strategies may include excavation and replacement as engineered fill, reduced foundation loading, and ground improvement by methods such as stone colunms or pressure grouting. Grading recommendations shall include specifications for engineered fill, including moisture conditioning, relative percent compaction, and suitability of materials as engineered or structural fill. Recommendations shall also establish maximum steepness of cut and fill slopes. Any cuts to be made adjacent to the property line shall be evaluated for potential adverse impact to neighboring properties. Drainage recommendations shall include provisions to prevent the ponding of water, prevent seepage under structures, including pavements, and generally direct flow away from structural foundations. Drainage recommendations shall incorporate proposed landscaping elements. Permanent subsurface drains will to be necessary for any proposed retaining walls to prevent buildup of hydrostatic pressure behind the walls. Recommendations for foundations shall include soil bearing capacity or skin friction values, and lateral pressures. The design plans shall identify specific mitigation measures to reduce or otherwise mitigate the liquefaction potential of surface soils. Mitigation measures may include excavation and replacement as engineered fill, reduced foundation loading, and ground improvement by methods such as stone columns or pressure grouting. Geotechnical recommendations shall also provide the depth of footings or pile foundations necessary for the planned structures. During construction, a Registered Geotechnical Engineer, Civil Engineer experienced in Geotechnical Engineering, or authorized representative shall observe all foundation excavations and pier drilling. A letter indicating that all foundation CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 5-13 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT construction meets with the intent of the geotechnical recommendations shall be provided to the Building Official prior to concrete pouring. Recommendations for concrete slab construction shall identify measures to mitigate expansive soils and minimize shrink/swell potential, such as moisture conditioning or replacement with select non-expansive fill, as well as concrete thickness and reinforcement. The feasibility report recommended that where moisture through the floor slabs is a concern, a capillary moisture break consisting of at least four inches of clean, free-draining gravel or crushed rock, and a water vapor retarder should be installed beneath floors to reduce water vapor transmission thorough floor slabs. The design level report shall either corroborate this recommendation or identify an alternative to be implemented. TABLE 5-3: SEISMIC DESIGN CRITERIA PER CBC Site Class D Soil Profile Name Stiff Soil Profile Occupancy Category Seismic Design Category Mapped Spectral Response for Short Periods- 0.2 Sec (S,) II E 2031 g Mapped Spectral Response for Long Periods- 1 Sec (S,) Site Coefficient- Fa, based on the mapped spectral response for short periods 1091 g 10 Site Coefficient- Fv, based on the mapped spectral response for long periods 1.5 Adjusted Maximum Considered EQ Spectral Response for Short Periods (SMS) Adjusted Maximum Considered EQ Spectral Response for Long Periods (SM') Design (5-percent damped) Spectral Response Acceleration Parameters at short periods (SDS) Design (5-percent damped) Spectral Response Acceleration Parameters at long periods (Sm) 2031 1637 1.354 1091 Recommendations for pavement areas shall include compaction and moisture conditioning requirements, as well as pavement section thickness and construction design based upon a Resistance-value (R- PAGE 5-14 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 5: GEOLOGY AND SOILS Mitigation Measure Geo-l b Mitigation Measure Geo-Ic value) determined for sub-grade soils in the areas to be paved. The design report shall include specific drainage criteria behind any retaining walls, and identify retaining wall foundation design and design parameters. In general, the design report shall either corroborate or provide alternative recommendations to the feasibility report based upon actual soil and rock conditions in the areas where structures are proposed. Compliance with 2007 California Building Code (CBC). Project development shall meet requirements of the California Building Code Vol. I and 2, 2007 Edition, including the California Building Standards, 2007 Edition, published by the International Conference of Building Officials, and as modified by the amendments, additions and deletions as adopted by the City of South San Francisco, California. Incorporation of seismic construction standards would reduce the potential for catastrophic effects of ground shaking, such as complete structural failure, but will not completely eliminate the hazard of seismically induced ground shaking. Obtain a building permit and complete final plan review. The Project applicant shall obtain a building permit through the City of South San Francisco Building Division. Final Plan Review of planned buildings and structures shall be completed by a licensed structural engineer for adherence to the seismic design criteria for planned commercial and industrial sites in City of South San Francisco. Conformity with these mitigation measures would ensure proper foundation and structural design, thereby reducing the Project's impact related to seismic ground shaking and seismically induced ground failure to a level of less than significant. SOIL EROSION Impact Geo-2 Mitigation Measure Geo-2a Soil Erosion. The Project would involve mass grading in a location that could facilitate stormwater-related soil transfer to the San Francisco Bay. This could potentially impact vicinity drainages such as Colma Creek and the San Francisco Bay. This would be a potentially significant impact during and following site construction activities. Erosion Control Plan. The Project applicant shall complete an CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 5-1 5 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT Erosion Control Plan to be submitted to the City in conjunction with the Grading Permit Application. The Erosion Control Plan shall include winterization, dust, erosion and pollution control measures conforming to the ABAG Manual of Standards for Erosion and Sediment Control Measures, with sediment basin design calculations. The Erosion Control Plan shall describe the "best management practices" (BMPs) to be used during and after construction to control pollution resulting from both stormwater and construction water runoff. The Erosion Control Plan shall include locations of vehicle and equipment staging, portable restrooms, mobilization areas, and planned access routes. Recommended soil stabilization techniques include placement of straw wattles, silt fences, berms, and gravel construction entrance areas or other control to prevent tracking sediment onto city streets and into storm drains. Public works staff or its representatives shall visit the site during grading and construction to ensure compliance with the grading ordinance and plans, and note any violations, which shall be corrected immediately. Mitigation Measure Geo-2b Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP). In accordance with the Clean Water Act and the requirements of the State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB), the Applicant shall file a SWPPP prior to the start of construction. The SWPPP shall include specific best management practices to reduce soil erosion. This is required to obtain coverage under the General Permit for Discharges of Storm Water Associated with Construction Activity (Construction General Permit, 99-08-DWQ). Implementation of these mitigation measures ensure that any soils disturbed during construction activities would not be mobilized by storm- or construction-runoff and would reduce the Project's impact to a level of less than significant. UNSTABLE GEOLOGIC UNIT Impact Geo-3 Unstable Soils. The Project site is potentially underlain by fill soils of unknown quality, which may be expansive, prone to settlement, or susceptible to seismically induced liquefaction or dynamic densification. This is a potentially significant impact. PAGE 5-16 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 5: GEOLOGY AND SOILS Mitigation Measure Geo-3 EXPANSIVE SOILS Impact Geo-4 Mitigation Measure Geo-4 Compliance with Mitigation Measures Geo-2 for Seismically Induced Ground Failure and Geo-5 for Expansive Soils. Compliance with these mitigation measures will reduce the impact of unstable geologic unit to a level of less than significant. Potentially Expansive and Compressible Soils. The Project site is potentially underlain by fill soils of unknown quality. These materials may contain expansive clay minerals subject to shrinking and swelling in response to changes in water content. These expansive soils could cause damage to foundations, concrete slabs, and pavements. The impact due to expansive soils is potentially significant. Completion of and Construction in Accordance with a Design Level Geotechnical Investigation. The design level geotechnical report shall investigate the presence of expansive clay soils and, should they be identified, recommend appropriate mitigation measures. Potential measures for control of expansive clay soils include the following: a) Placing and compacting potentially expansive soils at high moisture contents (at least 5 percent above optimum moisture content in accordance with ASTM D1557) and compaction within selected ranges of 88 to 92 percent. b) Using thickened concrete slabs with increased steel reinforcement. c) Replacing clayey soils underlying foundations and concrete slabs with select structural fill that is non-expansive or has a low expansion index. d) Treating site soils with lime to reduce the expansion potential and increase the strength. e) Utilize pier-and-grade-beam foundation appropriate; f.) Grade around structures to assure positive drainage away from systems where structures. Implementation of the above mitigation measures will reduce the impact of potentially expansive soils to less than significant. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 5-17 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT SEPTIC SYSTEMS No impact would occur, because a sewer system is present in the area and septic systems are not required at the site. PAGE 5-18 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT 6 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INTRODUCTION A hazardous material is a substance or combination of substances which, because of its quantity, concentration, or physical, chemical or infectious characteristics, may either I) cause, or significantly contribute to, an increase in mortality or an increase in serious, irreversible, or incapacitating reversible illness; or 2) pose a substantial present or potential hazard to human health and safety, or the environment when improperly treated, stored, transported, disposed of, or otherwise managed. Hazardous waste (a subset of hazardous materials) refers to hazardous material that is abandoned, discarded or recycled. The following section describes the history of hazardous materials use at the site, and the potential threat to future site users and the surrounding environment resulting from the proposed development. Development plans call for the conversion of a 571,748sf General Services Administration warehouse building at 1080 San Mateo Ave and the construction of five new one story buildings containing a total of 52,500sf at 1070 San Mateo Ave. The two abutting properties would be merged as part of the project. Plans also show that an open air, at grade parking lot containing 670 parking spaces and 30+ loading docks would be constructed. The information presented below was drawn from several sources of data including: (l) Centrum Logistics Project Description; (2) Phase I Environmental Site Assessment for SFO Logistics 1070 and 1080 San Mateo Avenue South, South San Francisco, CA, Land America Assessment Corporation, July 20008; (3) Review of the Department of Toxic Substances and Control (DTSC) Database (www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov); (4) Review of the State Water Resources Control Board Geotracker Database (geotracker.swrcb.ca.gov); (5) Review of the City of South San Francisco General Plan as well as all other applicable ordinances and regulations; (6) Review of Site Plan Sheets (June 30, 2006) by Ware Malcolb; (7) Review of the San Mateo County Environmental Health Department website; and (8) Personal Communication with CA Department of Toxic Substance Control Staff (Dan Murphy, 4/8/2009) CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 6-1 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT SETTING REGULATORY SETTING Jurisdictional Authoritv At the federal level, the chief regulator is the u.s. Environmental Protection Agency (EP A), Region IX for Northern California. At the State level, the Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) is chiefly responsible for regulation, handling, use, and disposal of toxic materials. The State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) is involved in regulation and permitting wherever there is potential discharge of hazardous materials into waterways and underground aquifers, including regulation of storm water runoff through the general permit required for construction projects exceeding one acre. The local branch of the Water Board is the San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board (SFBRWQCB). Regulation of toxic and hazardous substances is locally administered through the San Mateo County Environmental Health Department (SMCEHD), which acts as the Certified Unified Program Agency (CUPA). A CUPA is certified by the California Environmental Protection Agency to handle certain hazardous materials and hazards programs. The CUP A program was established under the amendments to the California Health and Safety Code made by SB 1082 in 1994, which allows for local agencies, such as counties, cities, or joint powers authorities, to assume responsibility for programs such as the Hazardous Materials Business Plan/Emergency Response Plan, Hazardous Waste/Tiered Permitting, Underground Storage Tanks, Aboveground Storage Tanks (SPCC only), California Accidental Release Prevention Program (CaIARP) and the Uniform Fire Code Hazardous Materials Management Plan. Regulations, Plans and Programs The Hazardous Materials Business Plan is used to keep track of the use of hazardous materials by businesses in accordance with both state and federal laws. The California Accidental Release Prevention (CaIARP) Program is a merging of the federal and state programs for the prevention of accidental release of regulated toxic and flammable substances. The goal is to eliminate the need for two separate and distinct chemical risk management programs. CalARP is the Federal Risk Management Plan Program with additional state requirements, including a list of regulated substances and thresholds and requires preparation of a Risk Management Plan for businesses using regulated substances. The Hazardous Waste Generator Program was started in 1984 when the State of California DTSC authorized the Health Department to inspect and regulate non-permitted hazardous waste generators in San Mateo County based on the Hazardous Waste Control Law found in the California Health and Safety Code Division 20, Chapter 6.5 and regulations found in the California Code of Regulations, Title 22, Division 4.5. The groundwater protection program is funded wholly or III part, by the United States PAGE 6-2 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 6: HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), under Cooperative Agreement L-009450-1-0 to the State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) and by Contract 8-014-550 to the County of San Mateo. In conjunction with these laws the underground storage tank program was created to regulate the chief source of underground contamination, leaking underground storage tanks (LUSTs) or fuel tanks (LUFTs). Many regulatory agencies maintain a database of sites. Currently, both the DTSC (www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov) and State Water Resources Control Board (geotracker.swrcb.ca.gov) maintain online searchable databases of hazardous materials sites. Other databases with information on hazardous materials sites include the Federal Superfund list started through the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Conservation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) of 1980 and the USEP A, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Information System (CERCLIS), HAZNET, the leaking underground storage tank information system (LUST), and the Cortese list. Air pollution is regulated through the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD). These programs and regulations are intended to restrict environmental contamination, including hazards to wildlife, provide protection for natural resources, and limit public exposure to harmful chemicals. Specific programs intended to protect workers from exposure to hazardous materials and from accidental upset are covered under the Occupational Safety and Health Administration at both the Federal Level (OSHA) and the state level (CAL- OSHA). Title 40 of the Federal Code of Regulations covers worker training and safety regulations pertinent to hazardous materials. OSHA regulations for hazardous waste operations training in California are found in Title 29 of the California Code, Section 1910.120(e). The law requires General Site Workers receive a minimum of 40 hours of instruction off the site, and a minimum of three days of actual field experience, while Occasional Site Workers receive a minimum 24 hours of instruction off the site, and a minimum of one day actual field experience. Transportation of hazardous materials on the highways is regulated primarily through the Federal Department of Transportation (DOT) and the California Department of Transportation (CALTRANS). This includes a system of placards, labels, and shipping papers required to identify the hazards of shipping each class of hazardous materials. Existing federal and state laws address risks associated with the transport of hazardous materials. These laws include regulations outlined in the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act administered by the DOT. Caltrans is mandated to implement the regulations established by the DOT, which is published as the Federal Code of Regulations, Title 49, commonly referred to as 49 CFR. The California Highway Patrol (CHP) enforces these regulations. Regulations of hazardous materials and wastes include the manufacture of packaging and transport containers; packing and repacking; labeling; marking or placarding; handling; spill reporting; routing of transports; training of transport personnel; and registration of highly hazardous material transport. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 6-3 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT General Plan Policies The City of South San Francisco General Plan contains several policies that relate to hazardous materials and waste, mainly contained in Section 8.3, shown in Table 6-1. Table 6-1: Select General Plan Policies Regarding Hazardous Materials Policy Goal 8.3-G-1 Reduce solid and hazardous waste, and recycle to slow the filling of landfills in accord with the California Integrated Waste Management Act of 1989. 8.3-G-2 Enforce revised zoning ordinance prohibition of intensive industrial production of hazardous waste and the permanent storage of hazardous materials. Limit light industrial uses that produce hazardous waste, such as auto repair and auto painting businesses. 8.3-1-3 Establish a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) database of sites included on the Cortese List. The GIS should assist in the development approval process. 8.3-1-4 Establish an ordinance specifying routes for transporting hazardous materials. Routes should not pass through residential areas or other sensitive areas and allow specific times for transport to reduce the impact and accident risk during peak travel periods. Source: City of South San Francisco General Plan SITE HISTORY Land America Commercial Services summarized a history of land use at the project site from historical sources including topographic maps, aerial photographs, Sanborn fire maps, and county records (LAC, June 11,2008). The following summary is derived from that report. The first set of small structures appeared on the 1070 San Mateo address by 1943, apparently related to a nearby US Navy housing project. The large warehouse at 1070 San Mateo Ave was constructed in 1951, and the southwest portion of the property appears to have been converted into a paved parking lot by 1965. The US Government General Services Administration (GSA) used the large warehouse building until the 1990s. The building has more recently been used for storage by various government agencies. The 1080 San Mateo address was vacant until at least 1943, and from 1953 through 1965 appeared to be occupied by several apartment structures and roads, which were part of the Cape Esperance US Navy Housing Project. By 1968, the property appeared once again to be vacant until small structures appeared on the property by 1973. By 1993 no structures remain, however a number of vehicles are seen parked on the property. In the late 1990s, the 1080 parcel had reportedly been converted into its current use as a paved parking lot. By 2005, portions of the property were leased to a tour bus company for bus parking. Over time, PAGE 6-4 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 6: HAZARDOUS MATERIALS portions of the 1080 property were reportedly used for auto dismantling, storage of wrecked and impounded vehicles, and possibly auto repair. PHASE 1 ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT Land America Commercial Services (LAC) performed a Phase I environmental site assessment for the site and present their results in a report dated June 11, 2008. The assessment included a site history summarized from information collected from historical sources including an Environmental Data Resources Radius Map Report, historical topographic maps, historical aerial photos, Sanborn fire maps, county records, Department of Toxic Substance Control (DTSC) drycleaner and EnviroStor databases, as well as physical inspection of representative areas ofthe property. LAC found evidence of Historical Recognized Environmental Conditions (HREC) related to potential soil and groundwater contamination at both the 1070 and 1080 San Mateo Ave properties. Both properties were previously on the Cortese list for petroleum-related contamination. The 1070 Property had a leaking underground storage tank removed in 1990. The 1080 property had a long history of automotive storage and repair activities that resulted in contamination of soil and groundwater. Several environmental investigations were performed at the 1070 San Mateo Ave property between the years of 1990 through 1997, including the installation of three monitoring wells to evaluate the extent of soil and groundwater impacted by heavy petroleum hydrocarbons and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These impacts were related to a leaking underground storage tank that resulted in contamination of soil and groundwater with gasoline and was removed from the western side of the building at 1070 San Mateo Ave in 1990. Remedial excavation of impacted soil and pumping and treating of 23,000 gallons of groundwater was performed in 1994. The 1070 San Mateo Ave case was granted closure by the San Mateo County Health Services Agency (SMCHSA) in a letter dated April 28, 1997. However, it was noted that impacted soil remains at the property beneath the western building wall of bay door #22. SMCHSA stated that if any change in land use or development of the property would occur that would impact the soil or groundwater, they were to be notified for approval. Additional investigation was performed at the 1080 San Mateo property due to its history of automotive storage and repair, including the activities by San Bruno Automotive Dismantling and Don and Jerry's Towing. Based on results of the remedial excavation and subsequent groundwater monitoring, SMCHSA issued a case closure letter dated October 5, 1998 concluding that soil impacted with heavier petroleum hydrocarbons appeared limited to shallow soil (within about 2 feet below the ground surface) in the southwestern portion of the property (generally the area around the proposed "Building 6"). SMCHSA also concluded that the groundwater plume configuration indicated widespread impacts to groundwater and the potential for off-site sources of the contamination. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 6-5 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT Potential off-site sources may have included the Cycle Shack, Inc. and San Bruno Glass Center leaking underground storage tank locations discussed in "Vicinity Hazardous Material Sites" below. According to the Phase I ESA these off-site locations have since received case closure and are unlikely to result in further impacts to the project site. VICINITY HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SITES There are numerous hazardous materials sites throughout the industrial zone of eastern and southern South San Francisco reflecting the long industrial history of the area. Due to the density of sites, only those bordering the property are discussed here since contamination from these sites would have the greatest potential impact during development of the subject property. Most sites are reported in the various environmental databases as they are registered hazardous waste generators and members of the hazardous materials business plan program for San Mateo County. The Phase I environmental site assessment identified numerous automotive related businesses along San Mateo Ave. Based on identified chemical use, proximity, and/or hydrogeologic position relative to the site, these facilities have the potential to have impacted the site should a discharge have occurred. However, based on the absence of listed discharges or remedial activity, the Phase I ESA did not recommend additional investigation, and identified regulated facilities did not appear to represent a Recognized Environmental Condition (REC), based on distance to site, topographic position relative to the site and/or facility characteristics. A total of eighty-one (81) Leaking Underground Storage Tank (LUST) facilities were noted, of which two facilities: Cycle Shack, Inc. at 1104 San Mateo Ave, and San Bruno Glass Center located at 1160 San Mateo Ave are considered adjacent to the property. Based on regulatory history (cases closed by the regional water board), there is a low probability of these sites affecting the subject property. There are six (6) additional LUST sites located within one-quarter mile of the subject property; all have received case closure from the San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board. Other sites with known soil and groundwater contamination issues are more than one-quarter mile distant from the site and the chance of contamination spreading from one of these sites is remote. CURRENT CONTAMINATION LEVELS AND HEALTH RISKS Contamination levels in shallow soils below the existing pavement are likely to be very similar to those measured in 2006, the most recent investigation performed, and perhaps only slightly diluted from dispersal of the more soluble chemicals and metals through groundwater seepage. These concentrations are shown in Table Haz-2 with comparison to the Regional Water Quality Control Board environmental screening levels (ESLs) for commerciallindustrial sites. As shown, no substances analyzed exceeded the ESLs. Environmental screening levels are used here for information purposes only and do not represent an anticipated or required site cleanup goal. PAGE 6-6 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 6: HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Table 6-2: Current Shallow Soils Contamination Levels Environmental Screening Levels (ESLs) Commercial Constituent Units of Measure Concentration / Industrial Sites' TPH-motor oil mglkg 0-53 2,500 MTBE ug/l 0-43 1,800 Chromium mglkg 28-49 750 Nickel mglkg 14-120 150 Lead mglkg 2.9-16 750 Zinc mglkg 16-52 600 '(SFRWQCB, 2007) Shallow Soil Screening Levels (<3m bgs), Commercial/Industrial Land Use Only (fable B) Source: Limited Soil and GrOlllldwater Investigation Report, 1070 Associates, LLC Property, 1080 San Mateo Avenue, South San Francisco, CA, Dated March 21, 2006, prepared by RRM. Table 6-2 shows that the most significant contaminants found at the subject property in the most recent site investigation performed in 2006 are petroleum motor oil and MTBE. While petroleum hydrocarbons are present, their concentrations are low enough to indicate background contamination or off site sources rather than an active plume, such as would occur in response to a leaking underground fuel tank. There is no evidence of an active groundwater plume, but there would be residual contamination from percolation and seepage of groundwater through remaining contaminated soils. Based on site elevation there may also be some occasional mixing with brackish water. For these and other reasons groundwater underlying the site is not considered suitable for drinking water. While South San Francisco does use groundwater for a portion of their water supply, municipal wells are not located in the general site vicinity due to the long history of industrial land use and related contamination. IMPACT ANALYSIS STANDARDS OF SIGNIFICANCE The following thresholds for measuring a Project's environmental impacts are based upon CEQA Guidelines thresholds: I. Would the Project create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials? 2. Would the Project create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 6-7 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT hazardous materials into the environment? 3. Would the Project produce hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school? 4. Would the Project be located on a site, which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to the public or the environment? 5. Would the Project be located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport? Would the Project result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the Project Area? 6. For a Project within the vicinity of a private airstrip, would the Project result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the Project Area? 7. Would the Project impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? 8. Would the Project expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving wildland fires, including where wildlands are adjacent to urbanized areas or where residences are intermixed with wildlands? HAZARDOUS MATERIALS USE, TRANSPORT Impact Haz-l: Routine transportation, use, or disposal of hazardous materials. The risk of accidental upset and environmental contamination from routine transport, storage, use and disposal of hazardous and potentially hazardous materials to the public and environment is a potentially significant impact. The proposed Project includes renovation of a 571,748 square foot warehouse, and construction of five (5) additional one-story buildings totaling 52,300 square feet. The project also includes construction of an open, at grade parking lot with 670 spaces and a loading dock with upwards of 30 bays. One of the smaller buildings is intended for eating and drinking establishment/Convenient and Limited Service/ Convenience Sales use, while the remaining space would be dedicated to light wholesaling, storage and distribution; custom manufacturing; general industrial; light manufacturing; food preparation; laundry services; and/or personal storage. Depending upon the exact nature of activity at the proposed facilities, there are likely to be both hazardous and potentially hazardous materials stored and used on the site that will eventually require disposal. This includes household hazardous waste, such as batteries, paint, and cleaning substances, as well as others. There will also likely be transportation of hazardous materials to and from the site, likely traveling along San Mateo Avenue, San Bruno Avenue, Interstate Highway 380, and US Highway 101. PAGE 6-8 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 6: HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Mitigation Measure Haz-Ia: Mitigation Measure Haz-Ib: Mitigation Measure Haz-Ic: Plan Review for Adherence to Fire and Safety Codes. All building spaces must be designed to handle the intended warehouse, commercial, and retail use, with sprinklers, alarms, vents, and secondary containment structures, where applicable. Prior to occupancy, these systems must pass plan review through the City of South San Francisco Planning, Building and Fire Departments. Construction Inspection and Final Inspection Prior to Occupancy. During construction, the utilities, including sprinkler systems, shall pass pressure and flush tests to make sure they perform as designed. At the end of construction, occupancy shall not be allowed until a final inspection is made by the Fire Department for conformance of all building systems with the Fire Code and National Fire Protection Agency Requirements. The inspection shall include testing of sprinkler systems, alarm systems, ventilation and airflow systems, and secondary containment systems. The inspection shall include a review of the emergency evacuation plans. These plans shall be modified as deemed necessary. Hazardous Materials Business Plan Program. Businesses occupying the development and intending to store, use, or dispose of hazardous materials must complete a Hazardous Materials Business Plan for the safe storage and use of chemicals. The Business Plan must include the type and quantity of hazardous materials, a site map showing storage locations of hazardous materials and where they may be used and transported from, risks of using these materials, material safety data sheets for each material, a spill prevention plan, an emergency response plan, employee training consistent with OSHA guidelines, and emergency contact information. Businesses qualify for the program if they store a hazardous material equal to or greater than the minimum reportable quantities. These quantities are 55 gallons for liquids, 500 pounds for solids and 200 cubic feet (at standard temperature and pressure) for compressed gases. Exemptions include businesses selling only pre-packaged consumer goods; medical professionals who store oxygen, nitrogen, and/or nitrous oxide in quantities not more than 1,000 cubic feet for each material, and who store or use no other hazardous materials; or facilities that store no more than 55 gallons of a specific type of lubricating oil, and for which the total quantity of lubricating oil does not exceed 275 gallons for all types oflubricating oil. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 6-9 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT Mitigation Measure Haz-Id: Mitigation Measure Haz-Ie: Mitigation Measure Haz-lf: Businesses occupying and/or operating at the proposed development must submit a business plan prior to the start of operations, and must review and update the entire Business Plan at least once every two years, or within 30 days of any significant change including, without limitation, changes to emergency contact information, major increases or decreases in hazardous materials storage and/or changes in location of hazardous materials. Plans shall be submitted to the San Mateo County Environmental Health Business Plan Program, which may be contacted at (650) 363-4305 for more information. The San Mateo County Environmental Health Department (SMCEHD) shall inspect the business at least once a year to make sure that the Business Plan is complete and accurate. Hazardous Waste Generator Program. All applicable businesses shall register and comply with the hazardous waste generator program. The State of California Department of Toxic Substances Control authorized the SMCEHD to inspect and regulate non-permitted hazardous waste generators in San Mateo County based on the Hazardous Waste Control Law found in the California Health and Safety Code Division 20, Chapter 6.5 and regulations found in the California Code of Regulations, Title 22, Division 4.5. Regulations require businesses generating any amount of hazardous waste as defined by regulation to properly store, manage and dispose of such waste. Division staff also conducts surveillance and enforcement activities in conjunction with the County District Attorney's Office for businesses or individuals that significantly violate the above referenced law and regulations. Compliance with Applicable Laws and Regnlations. All transportation of hazardous materials and hazardous waste to and from the site shall be in accordance with Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations, US Department of Transportation (DOT), State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), and local laws, ordinances and procedures including placards, signs and other identifying information. Proper Disposal of Household Hazardous Waste. For businesses not requiring registration in the San Mateo County Hazardous Material Business Plan Program, batteries, as well as fuel and lubricant oils, cleaning products, and other commonly used household hazardous materials shall be properly stored so as to reduce the chance of spillage. These businesses shall also participate in the San Mateo PAGE 6-10 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 6: HAZARDOUS MATERIALS County Very Small Quantity Generator Program to dispose of household hazardous wastes through the San Mateo County Environmental Health Division. Implementation of the above mitigation measures would reduce the impact of routine transportation, use or disposal of hazardous materials to a level of less than significant through compliance with existing regulations, plans, and programs as discussed specifically in mitigation measures Haz-Ia through Haz-lf that act to ensure adequate safety levels are reached and maintained throughout the life ofthe project. ACCIDENTAL HAZARDOUS MATERIALS RELEASE Impact Haz-2: Mitigation Measure Haz-2a: Mitigation Measure Haz-2b: Accidental Hazardous Materials Release. According to previous investigations, petroleum products and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are present in site soils. During demolition operations hazardous materials could be released from structures at the site or from the underlying soils. Following construction, operations at the proposed facilities are expected to represent a continuing threat to the environment through accidental release of hazardous materials since the site is proposed for industrial uses, where use, storage and disposal of hazardous materials may occur. This represents a potentially significant impact. Demolition Plan and Permitting. A Demolition Plan with permit applications shall be submitted to the City of South San Francisco Building Department for approval prior to demolition of the paved parking lot. The Demolition Plan for shall provide for safe demolition shall include, but not limited to, dust control for potentially contaminated subsurface soils. The Demolition Plan shall also address both on-site Worker Protection and off-site resident protection from both chemical and physical hazards. All removed soil shall be tested for contaminant concentrations and shall be disposed of to appropriate licensed landfill facilities. The Demolition Plan shall include a program of air monitoring for dust particulates and attached contaminants. Dust control and suspension of work during dry windy days shall be addressed in the plan. California Accidental Release Prevention Program (CalARP). Future businesses at the development shall check the state and federal lists of regulated substances available from the San Mateo County Environmental Health Department (SMCEHD). Chemicals on the list CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 6-11 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT are chemicals that pose a major threat to public health and safety or the environment because they are highly toxic, flammable, or explosive. Businesses shall determine which list to use in consultation with the SMCEHD. Should businesses qualify for the program, they shall complete a CalARP registration form and submit it to Environmental Health. Following registration, they shall submit a Risk Management Plan (RMP). RMPs are designed to handle accidental releases and ensure that businesses have the proper information to provide to emergency response teams if an accidental release occurs. All businesses that store or handle more than a threshold quantity (TQ) of a regulated substance must develop a RMP and follow it. Risk Management Plans describe impacts to public health and the environment if a regulated substance is released near schools, residential areas, hospitals and childcare facilities. RMPs must include procedures for: keeping employees and customers safe, handling regulated substances, training staff, maintaining equipment, checking that substances are stored safely, and responding to an accidental release. Mitigation Measure Haz-2c: Notify San Mateo County Health Services Agency of Proposed Re- Development. As part of the case closure agreement for the removal of the underground storage tank leaking gasoline, dated October 8, 1998, SMCHSA shall be informed of any development or proposed change in land use. New buildings will be constructed over the area in question, currently a paved parking lot, and approval of SMCHSA is a prerequisite for construction. Implementation of mitigation measures Haz-2a through Haz-2c would reduce the Project's impact to a level of less than significant since the potential for accidental release of existing hazardous materials would lessened through the safe handling and removal of such materials under the oversight of applicable regulatory agencies. Moreover, future businesses occupying the Project site would reduce the risk of future accidental release of new hazardous materials through Rick Management Plan permitting. HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SITE Impact Haz-3: Exposure to contaminated soil and groundwater. During demolition and construction, workers could be exposed to contaminated soil and groundwater. Disturbance of the subsurface also increases the potential for contamination to spread through surface water runoff, creation of seepage pathways, and through wind blown PAGE 6-12 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 6: HAZARDOUS MATERIALS dust. These impacts are potentially significant. The subject property was on the Cortese list due to petroleum-related contamination of soil and groundwater, related to automotive storage/repair land uses and a leaking 550-gallon gasoline tank removed from the 1070 building in 1990. Impacted soil and groundwater were excavated in 1994, the case was granted closure by the San Mateo County Health Services Agency, thereby removing the site from the Cortese list. However, it was noted that impacted soil remained beneath bay door #22, and in shallow soils in the southwestern portion of the property (in the vicinity of proposed "Building 6"); SMCHSA was to be notified for approval of any land use changes. Mitigation Measure Haz-3a: Notify San Mateo County Health Services Agency of planned re- development. The applicant shall notify the San Mateo County Health Services Agency that demolition/construction work at the project site has the potential to disturb soil impacted by petroleum products. Prior to demolition or construction permit issuance by the City of South San Francisco, whichever occurs first, the applicant shall provide written evidence of San Mateo County Health Services Agency notification. Mitigation Measure Haz-3b: Development and Implementation of Site Management Plans. The Site Management Plans shall build upon any existing draft Site Management Plan and shall address the exposure risk to people and the environment resulting from future demolition, construction, occupancy, and maintenance activities on the property. The plans shall be in accordance with recommendations of the Environmental Consultant, and shall be reviewed and approved by the Department of Toxic Substances Control, the San Mateo County Environmental Health Department Groundwater Protection Program and the City of South San Francisco Public Works Department, Planning Division and Fire Department. In accordance with DTSC recommendations there should be two separate plans: (1) ongoing Operations and Maintenance Activities, and (2) a specific plan addressing the future proposed site development based on actual proposed grading, excavation and construction. The plans are required to be more specific than the draft plan. Specific mitigation measures designed to protect human health and the environment shall be provided in the plan. At a minimum, the plan shall include the following: I) Requirements for site specific Health and Safety Plans (HASP) CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 6-13 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT shall be prepared in accordance with OSHA regulations by all contractors at the Project site. This includes a HASP for all demolition, grading and excavation on the site, as well as for future subsurface maintenance work. The HASP shall include appropriate training, any required personal protective equipment, and monitoring of contaminants to determine exposure. The HASP will be reviewed and approved by a Certified Industrial Hygienist. The plan shall also designate provisions to limit worker entry and exposure and shall show locations and type of protective fencing to prevent public exposure to any hazards during demolition, site grading, and construction activities. 2) Standards for treatment of impacted soil excavated from beneath the site shall be established. Depending upon the extent and depth of foundation and utility excavations, a significant volume of contaminated soils may be generated during construction; and to a lesser extent during future maintenance work. These soils must be characterized for reuse as fill, reburial, or disposal off-site. Only soil with contaminant levels approved by the DTSC shall be allowed for reuse as fill. All other soil must be disposed of off-site. To avoid the spread of contamination, on-site soils excavated from below the pavement in the vicinity of Building Six shall be segregated from any imported clean fill. Soils shall be placed on a plastic tarp, covered and bermed to reduce the risk from windblown dust or surface water runoff spreading contamination. Then soil must be tested to determine the levels of remaining contamination and suitability for re-use. Contaminated soils unable to be placed under buildings or pavement, or re-buried under at least one-foot of clean soil must be off-hauled and disposed of by a licensed hazardous materials contractor under the proper manifesting documents. A report shall document the volume, concentration and nature of contaminants in the off-hauled material. 3) Requirements for site-specific construction techniques that would minimize exposure to any subsurface contamination shall be developed. This shall include treatment and disposal measures for any contaminated groundwater removed from excavations, trenches, and dewatering systems in accordance with local and Regional Water Quality Control Board guidelines. Groundwater encountered in trenches and other excavations shall not be discharged into the neighboring storm drain, but into a closed containment facility, unless proven to have concentrations of PAGE 6-14 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 6: HAZARDOUS MATERIALS contaminants below established regulatory guidelines. Contaminated groundwater will be required to be stored in Baker tanks until tested. If testing determines that the water can be discharged into the sanitary sewer system, then the applicant must acquire a ground water discharge permit from the City of South San Francisco Sanitary Sewer District and meet local discharge limits before being allowed to discharge into the sanitary sewer. Water must be analyzed for the chemicals of concern at the site, which include petroleum hydrocarbons and VOCs. 4) General sampling and testing plan for excavated soils shall determine suitability for reuse or acceptability for disposal at a state licensed landfill facility. Testing shall include the California Title 22 Hazardous Metals (CAM 17 metals), TPH as gasoline, TPH as diesel, and TPH as motor oil. Testing results shall be compared to DTSC California Human Health Screening Levels and RWQCB Environmental Screening Levels to determine suitability to remain on-site as engineered fill or landscape fill. Any soils determined to exceed DTSC criteria for site cap material shall be deemed as unsuitable for re-use as fill. 5) Future subsurface work plan. The plan shall document procedures for future subsurface landscaping work, utility maintenance, etc., with proper DTSC notification, where applicable. The plan shall include a general health and safety plan for each expected type of work, with appropriate personal protective equipment, where applicable. Implementation of mitigation measures Haz-3a and Haz-3b would reduce the impact from exposure of Construction Workers to contaminated soils and groundwater to a level of less than significant. HAZARDOUS MATERIALS NEAR SCHOOLS Belle Air Elementary School, located at 450 3rd Avenue in San Bruno is the nearest school or childcare facility to the project. This school is located approximately 0.8 miles southeast of the site, therefore hazardous materials within V. mile of a school is a less than significant impact. AIRPORT LAND USE PLAN The proposed Project would be located within the jurisdiction of the Airport Land Use Plan for the San Francisco International Airport. According to the South San Francisco General Plan (available online through the City of South San Francisco Planning Department CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 6-1 5 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT website), the most stringent height limits in South San Francisco are in the southeastern portions of the city, including the Project area. At the project location Federal Aviation Regulations, Part 77, limits building heights to an elevation of 150 feet above mean sea level. Since the development would consist of redevelopment of an existing one-story warehouse and the construction of additional one-story buildings, no buildings would exceed 150 feet in height; therefore, the structures would be in compliance with the Airport Land Use Plan. The impact of the Proj ect on the Airport Land Use Plan is less than significant with no mitigation warranted. The Project site is not located within the vicinity of a private airstrip. Private aircraft are sometimes granted air space in the South San Francisco area, but buildings and structures are expected to conform to design guidelines for visibility and meet aviation requirements. Therefore, the Project would have no impact relating to a private airstrip. ADOPTED EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN No changes to the major access and evacuation routes along San Mateo Avenue and Shaw Road are planned since the Project calls for redevelopment rather than reconstruction or new development of an entire area. Therefore, the Project would have a less than significant impact relating to an adopted emergency response plan. WILDLAND FIRES The Project area is urbanized and is not in an area adjacent to wildland subject to wildfires. Therefore the Project would have no impact from wildland fires. CUMULATIVE HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS IMPACTS The proposed Project would be one of numerous sites, some of which are also eXlstlllg hazardous materials sites that are anticipated to undergo development/redevelopment in the vicinity. Depending upon the specific final use of the property (as yet undetermined) the Project would likely contribute to a cumulative increase in the number of sites handling hazardous materials in the vicinity and would result in a cumulative increase in transportation, use, disposal, and potential for exposure to and/or accidental release of hazardous materials during both construction and operations. However, the cumulative impact is expected to be slight and identified project-specific mitigation measures would reduce this impact to a less than significant level with no additional mitigation required. Potentially significant impacts of the Project are detailed above under the Impact Analysis section of this document. The following contributing elements to Impact Haz-6 above are discussed in more detail below: (a) Hazardous Materials Use, Transport; and (b) Hazardous Materials Sites. PAGE 6-16 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 6: HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Hazardous Materials Use, Transport Routine hazardous materials use and transport may have a slight cumulative impact in that because there would be an increase in the number of sites handling potentially hazardous materials and an increase in transportation of those materials through the City, there is a potential for an increased cumulative impact. More releases of hazardous materials could occur from accident during the transportation of hazardous materials through the City. However, implementation of the identified mitigation measures Haz-Ia, Haz-Ib, Haz-Ic, Haz-Id, Haz-Ie, and Haz-lf would reduce the cumulative impact to less than significant level. Accidental Hazardous Materials Release Accidental hazardous materials release during use and transport may have a slight cumulative impact in that because there would be an increase in the number of sites handling potentially hazardous materials and an increase in transportation of those materials through the City, there is a potential for an increased cumulative impact. More releases of hazardous materials could occur from accident during use or the transportation of hazardous materials through the City. However, implementation of the identified mitigation measures Haz-2a and Haz-2b would reduce the cumulative impact to less than significant. Hazardous Materials Sites The Project site is an existing hazardous materials site. The proposed Project includes disturbance of potentially contaminated soil. Releases of hazardous materials could occur during construction and, if not properly executed; this could have a cumulative effect on the surrounding area, which contains numerous hazardous materials sites. However, implementation of the identified mitigation measures Haz-3a and Haz-3b would reduce the cumulative impact to less than significant. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 6-17 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT This page intentionally left blank PAGE 6-18 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT 7 HYDROLOGY INTRODUCTION This section presents an evaluation of potential Project impacts to hydrology and water quality. The discussion is based on: (1) review of the Preliminary Project Description; (2) Review of Preliminary Grading and Drainage Plans by Ware & Malcolm (dated April 10, 2008); (3) review of the site hydrology study completed by Hydroconsult Engineers, Inc. dated April 28, 2009; (4) review of Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs) for South San Francisco; (5) Review of California Department of Water Resources California Groundwater Bulletin 118 (updated 2003); and (6) Review of the Phase I Environmental Site Assessment performed by Land America Commercial Services, dated July II, 2008. SETTING CLIMATE AND TOPOGRAPHY The Project site is located in a relatively flat industrial area at the southern edge of the city of South San Francisco, nearly adjacent to the City of San Bruno. The San Francisco Bay shoreline is located approximately one mile east of the site. The regional climate is typical of the San Francisco Bay Area and is characterized by dry, mild summers and moist, cool winters. About 80 percent of the total annual precipitation occurs during the months of November through March with an average annual precipitation of 20.25 inches. Average yearly temperatures range from a high of 73.4 degrees Fahrenheit in September to a low of 42.4 degrees Fahrenheit in January. 1 The Project site and surrounding area are largely developed with light industrial, auto servicing, retail/commercial, warehousing, and office land uses. Approximately 95 percent of the 25.02 acre Project area of work (19.79 acres - 1070 San Mateo Ave and 5.23 acres - 1080 San Mateo Ave) is currently covered by impervious surfaces. A large (571,748 square feet) warehouse currently occupies the eastern approximately two-thirds of the project site and a parking lot occupies the western approximately one-third of the project site. Paved 1 Western Regional Climate Center, 2005. Weather Station: San Francisco WSO AP, California (047769). CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 7-1 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT parking and office buildings surround the west, north and south sides of the site, with a railroad right-of-way running along the eastern boundary of the property. The site generally slopes gently (less than one percent) to the east and elevations range from approximately 10 feet above Mean Sea Level (MSL) at the northeast corner of the property, to approximately 22 feet above MSL at the southwest corner of the property. REGIONAL HYDROLOGY The majority of the site drains to the Colma Creek watershed. The Colma Creek watershed includes portions of San Bruno Mountain as well as urbanized areas of Daly City, Colma, and South San Francisco. Most of this urbanized creek is channelized and/or conveyed underground to allow for urban development. The percent of impervious surface area in Colma Creek was previously estimated at 63 percent, the highest in the County.2 Colma Creek is a flood control channel maintained by the San Mateo County Department of Public Works that discharges into San Francisco Bay just north of San Francisco International Airport. Improvements to and maintenance of the creek are funded by the Colma Creek Flood Control Zone, which contains the parcels that must contribute financially to the Zone's revenue and maintenance of flood control infrastructure. The Project site is within the designated boundaries ofthe Zone and would be required to contribute to the zone's revenue. SITE HYDROLOGY Approximately 95 percent of the 25.02 acre area of work at the Project site is currently covered by impervious surfaces. Stormwater runoff from the Project site begins as overland sheet flow on rooftops and paved surfaces. Runoff from the 1080 San Mateo property flows to a stormdrain along the eastern property boundary. This stormdrain runs north to south to a pump in the southeastern corner of the parcel which discharges to San Mateo Avenue. Runoff from the eastern side of the 1070 San Mateo parcel flows directly to the stormdrain along Shaw Road. Roof runoff from the southwestern portion of the building, along with runoff from the parking lot in the southwestern corner of the 1070 parcel flows by gravity in a stormdrain along the southern project boundary and discharges to the stormdrain along Shaw Road. Roof runoff from the remainder of the roof, along with most of the runoff from the driveway encircling the building, flows offsite via the stormdrain running west to east along the northern project boundary. Several sump pumps within the building discharge to this stormdrain. There are two existing low points that pond during wet weather. The larger of the two is in the northwest corner of the site; a second, smaller ponding area is created by a dip in the entrance drive. zeity of Daly City Storrnwater Pollution Prevention Program, 1998 PAGE 7-2 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 7: HYDROLOGY GROUNDWATER The California Department of Water Resources (DWR) defines state groundwater basins based on geologic and hydrogeologic conditions. According to the DWR, the site is located within the Westside Groundwater Basin. The Westside Groundwater Basin consists of bedrock and unconsolidated materials. Unconsolidated materials overlying the basin represent the primary water-bearing strata and comprise dune sands and the Colma Formation, which are overlain by a relatively impermeable clayey formation of Bay Mud and fill materials. The Bay Mud layer represents the base of the shallow groundwater layer. Groundwater is typically encountered within a few feet of the surface with a general flow direction of northeast and southwest. While groundwater quality in the basin is generally in compliance with drinking water quality standards, some wells in the basin have experienced nitrate-nitrogen concentration in excess of the primary maximum contaminant levels.3.4 According to the Phase I Environmental Site Assessment performed by Land America Commercial Services, groundwater at the site has been impacted by petroleum. FLOODING The Project site is located outside of the 100-year flood hazard zone of Colma Creek as delineated by the current Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRMs) Panel 065062008B, dated 9/2/1981. REGULATORY SETTING The proposed Project must be constructed in accordance with several regulatory programs, laws, and regulations that aim to protect surface water resources. In some cases, Federal laws are administered and enforced by state and local government. In other cases, state and local regulations in California are stricter than those imposed by Federal law. This section summarizes relevant regulatory programs, laws, and regulations with respect to hydrology and water quality and how they relate to the proposed Project. Federal Laws and Regulations Clean Water Act The Clean Water Act (CW A) was enacted by Congress in 1972 and amended several times since inception. It is the primary federal law regulating water quality in the United States, and forms the basis for several state and local laws throughout the country. Its objective is to reduce or eliminate water pollution in the nation's rivers, streams, lakes, and coastal waters. 3 Phillips, Steven P., Scott N. Hamlin, Eugene B. Yates, 1993, Geohydrology, Water Quality, and Estimation of GrOlllld- Water Recharge in San Francisco, California 1987-92. US Geological Smvey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93- 4019. 4 Department of Water Resources, 2003, California Department of Water Resources, California's GrOlllldwater, Bulletin CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 7-3 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT The CW A prescribed the basic federal laws for regulating discharges of pollutants as well as set minimum water quality standards for all waters of the United States. Several mechanisms are employed to control domestic, industrial, and agricultural pollution under the CW A. At the Federal level, the CW A is administered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EP A). At the state and regional level, the CW A is administered and enforced by the State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) and the Regional Water Quality Control Boards (RWQCBs). The State of California has developed a number of water quality laws, rules, and regulations, in part to assist in the implementation of the CW A and related Federally mandated water quality requirements. In many cases, the Federal requirements set minimum standards and policies and the laws, rules, and regulations adopted by the State and Regional Boards exceed the Federal requirements. State Laws and Regulations Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act The Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act establishes the SWRCB and the RWQCB as the principal state agencies having primary responsibility for coordinating and controlling water quality in California. The Porter-Cologne Act establishes the responsibility of the RWQCBs for adopting, implementing, and enforcing water quality control plans (Basin Plans), which set forth the state's water quality standards (i.e. beneficial uses of surface waters and groundwater) and the objectives or criteria necessary to protect those beneficial uses. The NPDES permit must be consistent with the Basin Plan for the site region. NP DES Permit Requirements The CW A has nationally regulated the discharge of pollutants to the waters of the U.S. from any point source since 1972. In 1987, amendments to the CW A added section 402(p), which established a framework for regulating nonpoint source (NPS) storm water discharges under the National Pollutant Elimination System (NPDES). The Phase I NPDES storm water program regulates storm water discharges from industrial facilities, large and medium-sized municipal separate storm sewer systems (those serving more than 100,000 persons), and construction sites that disturb five or more acres of land. Under the program, the Project applicant will be required to comply with two NPDES permit requirements. The NPDES General Construction Permit Requirements apply to clearing, grading, and disturbances to the ground such as excavation. The Project applicant is required to submit a Notice ofIntent (NOl) with the State Water Resource Control Board's (SWRCB) Division of Water Quality. The NOI includes general information on the types of construction activities that will occur on the site. The applicant will also be required to submit a site-specific plan called the Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) for construction activities. The SWPPP will include a description of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to minimize the discharge of pollutants from the site during construction. It is the responsibility of the property owner to obtain coverage under the permit prior to site construction. PAGE 7-4 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 7: HYDROLOGY The NPDES General Industrial Permit Requirements apply to the discharge of storm water associated with industrial sites. The permit requires the implementation of management measures that will achieve the performance standard of best available technology (BAT) economically achievable and best conventional pollutant control technology (BCT). Under the statute, operators of new facilities must implement industrial BMPs in the Project SWPPP and perform monitoring of storm water discharges and unauthorized non-storm water discharges. An annual report must be submitted to the RWQCB each July 1. Operators of new facilities must file an NOI at least 14 days prior to the beginning of operations. Local Programs and Regulations San Mateo Countywide Storm water Pollution Prevention Program To comply with the Clean Water Act, San Mateo County and the 20 cities and towns in the County formed the San Mateo Countywide Stormwater Pollution Prevention Program (STOPPP). STOPPP holds a joint municipal NPDES permit from the San Francisco Bay RWQCB. The permit includes a comprehensive plan to reduce the discharge of pollutants to creeks, San Francisco Bay, and the ocean to the maximum extent possible. San Francisco Bay Water Quality Control Plan (Basin Plan) The San Francisco Bay RWQCB is responsible for the development, adoption, and implementation of the Water Quality Control Plan for the San Francisco Bay region. The Basin Plan is the master policy document that contains descriptions of the legal, technical, and programmatic bases of water quality regulation in the San Francisco Bay Region. The Basin Plan identifies beneficial uses of surface waters and groundwater within its region and specifies water quality objectives to maintain the continued beneficial uses of these waters. The proposed Project is required to adhere to all water quality objectives identified in the Basin Plan. Beneficial Uses of Surface Waters and Groundwaters The Basin Plan defines beneficial uses for surface waters and groundwater in its corresponding jurisdiction. The beneficial uses of surface waters in Colma Creek include wildlife habitat, municipal and domestic supply, agricultural supply, and industrial supply. The beneficial uses of groundwater in the Westside Groundwater Basin (also referred to as the Merced Valley North Groundwater Basin) include municipal and domestic supply, industrial process supply, industrial supply, and agricultural supply. City of South San Francisco The City of South San Francisco Water Quality Control Plant requires Source Control Measures of Stormwater Pollutants for issuance of an NPDES permit, including methods for managing pollution sources. Applicable control measures include stormwater pollution prevention devices, management of refuse areas, pesticide/fertilizer application for CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 7-5 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT landscaping, use of treatment devices for interior level parking garage floor drains, and marking of on-site storm drains. 5 Calma Creek Flood Control District The Colma Creek Flood Control District (District) is administrated by the San Mateo County Department of Public Works. The District was created for the purpose of constructing flood control facilities along the Colma Creek channel and reducing flooding problems in the City of South San Francisco. The Colma Creek Flood Control Zone (Zone) extends over the entire watershed and contains the parcels that must contribute financially to the District's revenue and maintenance of the flood control facilities. Several channel improvements have been constructed since the District was created in 1964. The proposed Project is located inside of the Zone boundary. Since the Project is located within the Zone boundary, the property is subject to flood control improvement and maintenance assessments by the District. Also, the District requires that drainage calculations, including outflow locations, be submitted to the District for approval. Per the Districts requirements, future discharge rates to District facilities may not exceed pre-project conditions. IMPACT ANALYSIS STANDARDS OF SIGNIFICANCE The following thresholds for measuring a Project's hydrology impacts are based upon CEQA Guidelines thresholds: 1. Would the Project violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements? 2. Would the Project substantially deplete groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that there would be a net deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering ofthe local groundwater table level (e.g., the production rate of pre-existing nearby wells would drop to a level which would not support existing land uses or planned uses for which permits have been granted)? 3. Would the Project substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river, in a manner which would result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site? 4. Would the Project substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, 5 South San Francisco Water Quality Control Plant. July 2005 PAGE 7-6 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 7: HYDROLOGY including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river, or substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner, which would result in flooding on- or off-site? 5. Would the Project create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff? 6. Would the Project otherwise substantially degrade water quality? 7. Would the Project place housing within a 100-year flood hazard area as mapped on a federal Flood Hazard Boundary or Flood Insurance Rate Map or other flood hazard delineation map? 8. Would the Project place within a 100-year flood hazard area structures, which would impede or redirect flood flows? 9. Would the Project expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving flooding, including flooding as a result of the failure of a levee or dam? 10. Would the Project cause inundation by seiche, tsunami, or mudflow? INCREASED EROSION OR SILTATION TO RECEIVING WATERS DURING CONSTRUCTION Impact Hydro-I: Erosion and Sedimentation On- or Off-site. Construction operations associated with the Proj ect would present a threat of soil erosion from soil disturbance by subj ecting unprotected bare soil areas to the erosion forces of runoff. This is a potentially significant impact. The project would not substantially alter the drainage pattern of the site upon completion. However, soils will be disturbed during construction and may be mobilized by stormwater runoff, construction related runoff, or wind. Construction of the proposed Project would involve demolition of existing structural foundations and pavement areas that currently help to stabilize site soils. Although no cut/fill estimates were available for review, significant site grading is expected to occur. Additionally, new onsite storm drains may require excavation of site soils. Without mitigation this could result in increased erosion on-site and the potential for downstream sedimentation on off-site surface waters. Mitigation Measure Hydro-Ia: Preparation and Implementation of Project SWPPP. Pursuant to NPDES requirements, the applicant shall develop a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) to protect water quality during and CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 7-7 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT after construction. The Project SWPPP shall include a description of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to be applied to minimize the discharge of pollutants from the site during construction. These construction-period BMPs shall include, but are not limited to the following: I) No grading work exceeding 200 cubic yards shall be performed between November I and May I (the wet season) unless authorized in writing by the City Engineer. 2) Erosion control/soil stabilization techniques such as straw mulching, erosion control blankets, erosion control matting, and hydro-seeding, shall be utilized in accordance with the regulations outlined in the Association of Bay Area Governments "Erosion & Sediment Control Measures" manual. Silt fences shall be installed down slope of all graded slopes. Hay bales shall be installed in the flow path of graded areas receiving concentrated flows and around storm drain inlets. 3) BMPs shall be used for preventing the discharge or other construction-related NPDES pollutants beside sediment (i.e. paint, concrete, trash etc) to downstream waters. 4) After construction is completed, all drainage facilities shall be inspected for accumulated sediment and these drainage structures shall be cleared of debris and sediment. 5) Trash management measures shall be incorporated to prevent trash from entering storm drainage facilities and downstream water courses. Mitigation Measure Hydro-Ib: NPDES General Construction Permit Requirements. The Project applicant is required to submit a Notice of Intent (NOI) to the State Water Resource Control Board's (SWRCB) Division of Water Quality to obtain coverage under a NPDES General Construction Permit. The General Construction Permit includes general information on the types of construction activities that will occur on the site as well as specific requirements that will apply to clearing, grading, and disturbances to the ground such as excavation. It is the responsibility of the property owner to obtain coverage under the permit prior to site construction. Implementation of the SWPPP and other requirements pursuant to a General Construction Permit and the Grading permit requirements ofthe City of South San Francisco would reduce PAGE 7-8 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 7: HYDROLOGY erosion and sedimentation impacts on local surface water to a level of less than significant. WATER QUALITY STANDARDS OR WASTE DISCHARGE REQUIREMENTS, POST- CONSTRUCTION Impact Hydro-2: Non-Point Source Pollutants. The project will involve an intensification of land-use by increasing floor area and number of occupants, and will add potential new sources of non-point source pollutants to the area. This may increase non-point source pollution to receiving waters. This is a potentially significant impact. Non-point source (NPS) pollutants are washed by rainwater from roofs, landscape areas, and streets and parking areas into the drainage network. Typical industrial NPS pollutants for various industrial activities are listed in Table 7-1. Development of the proposed project would contribute to the levels of NPS pollutants and litter entering downstream waters, including San Francisco Bay. An increase in NPS pollutants could have adverse effects on wildlife, vegetation, and human health. TABLE 7-1: POTENTIAL POLLUTANTS FROM INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES "d , !!' ~ ~ ~ a ~ ~ " " " ~ " ~ ~ ~ 'i3 ~ .~ :s ~ "EI 0 a ~ u :;, a E u 'i3 .~ ~ .~ ~ a ":l u .., ::E " ~ ~ z '" o ~ PO ~ '" ~ Q c5 ~ INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITY 0 Vehicle & Equipment Fueling X X X Vehicle & Equipment Washing X X X X X X Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance & Repair X X X Outdoor Loading & Unloading of Materials X X X X X X X Outdoor Container Storage of Liquids X X X X X X Outdoor Process Equipment Operations & X X X X Maintenance Outdoor Storage of Ray Materials, Products, & X X X X X X X Byproducts Waste Handing & Disposal X X X X X X Contaminated or EroditJe Surface Areas X X X X X X X X Building & Grounds Maintenance X X X X X X X Building Repair, RemodEJing, & Construction X X X X Parking/Storage Area Maintenance X X X X Source: California Storrnwater Quality Association, 2003. California Stormwater Bl\1P Handbook, Industrial & Commercial. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 7-9 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT Mitigation Measure Hydro-2a: Mitigation Measure Hydro-2b: Compliance with NPDES General Industrial Permit Requirements. The NPDES General Industrial Permit Requirements apply to the discharge of storm water associated with industrial sites. The permit requires the implementation of management measures that will achieve the performance standard of best available technology (BAT) economically achievable, and best conventional pollutant control technology (BCT). Under the statute, operators of new facilities must implement industrial BMPs in the Project SWPPP, and perform monitoring of storm water discharges and unauthorized non- storm water discharges. An annual report must be submitted to the RWQCB each July 1. Operators of new facilities must file an NOI at least 14 days prior to the beginning of operations. Long-Term Reqnirements under the SWPPP. The Project SWPPP to accompany the NOI filing will outline erosion control and storm water quality management measures to be implemented both during and following construction. The SWPPP will also provide the schedule for monitoring performance. Long-term mitigation measures to be included in the Project SWPPP shall include, but are not limited to, the following: I) Description of potential sources of erosion and sediment at the Project site. Industrial activities and significant materials and chemicals that could be used at the proposed Project site should be described. This will include a thorough assessment of existing and potential pollutant sources. 2) Identification of BMPs to be implemented at the Project site based on identified industrial activities and potential pollutant sources. Emphasis shall be placed on source control BMPs, with treatment controls used as needed. 3) Development of a monitoring and implementation plan. Maintenance requirements and frequency shall be carefully described including vector control, clearing of clogged or obstructed inlet or outlet structures, vegetation/landscape maintenance, replacement of media filters, regular sweeping of parking lots and other paced areas, etc. Wastes removed from BMPs may be hazardous, therefore, maintenance costs should be budgeted to include disposal at a proper site. 4) The monitoring and maintenance program shall be conducted at PAGE 7-10 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 7: HYDROLOGY the frequency agreed upon by the RWQCB and/or City of South San Francisco. Monitoring and maintenance shall be recorded and submitted annually to the SWRCB. The SWPPP shall be adjusted, as necessary, to address any inadequacies of the BMPs. 5) The applicant shall prepare informational literature and guidance on industrial and commercial BMPs to minimize pollutant contributions from the proposed development. This information shall be distributed to all employees at the Project site. At a minimum, the information shall cover: a) proper disposal of commercial cleaning chemicals; b) proper use of landscaping chemicals; c) clean-up and appropriate disposal of hazardous materials and chemicals; and d) prohibition of any washing and dumping of materials and chemicals into storm drains. Implementation of Phase I NPDES General Construction Activities permit requirements would reduce construction-related impacts associated with erosion and/or siltation to less than significant. CHANGES IN STORMWATER RUNOFF The Project would re-direct some of the existing stormwater flows including re-grading the site to a fairly uniform elevation (eliminating any low points or areas of potential ponding). The pumped outflow to San Mateo Ave and the gravity outflows to Shaw Road would be maintained. New stormdrains would be constructed and tied into some of the existing pipes; some of the existing pipes will be abandoned. The ponding area in the northwest corner will be replaced by a bioswale that will retain and treat stormwater runoff. Two additional bioswales will provide stormwater treatment. These changes will impact the proportion of site runoff conveyed by the two main drainages. Re-direction of stormwater runoff from the Shaw Road stormdrain to the San Mateo Ave stormdrain would result in an increase in peak flow to the San Mateo Ave stormdrain. However, flows to San Mateo Ave are pumped and the pumping rate would not be increased. Rather, storage (in the form of oversized pipes or an underground chamber) will be provided such that the increase in runoff would be accommodated on-site. Hydroconsult Engineers calculated pre- and post-development peak flow rates in cubic feet per second (cfs), shown in Table 7-2. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 7-11 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT Table 7-2: Change in Peak Flow Rates To Shaw Road To San Mateo Avenue Total Pre-development 53.92 cfs 14.85 cfs 65.17 cfs Post-development 37.06 cfs 24.50 cfs 61.03 cfs Change 31 % decrease 65% increase 10% decrease Source: Hydrology Study, Centrum Logistics, SSF by Hydroconsult Engineers, dated April 28, 2009. The Project site currently has a high ratio of impervious surfaces. Replacement of existing paved parking areas with 5 new one-story buildings totaling 52,300 square feet in the Project area is not expected to increase runoff from the site. Additionally, impervious areas currently covered by bare ground will be developed with vegetated bioswales, which will serve to both improve stormwater quality and increase percolation into soils, thereby decreasing total stormwater runoff. Development of the proposed Project would result in an approximate 10 percent decrease in impervious surfaces at the Project site. A decrease in impervious surface area would result in a corresponding decrease in peak discharge and related polluted runoff from the Project site. While there will be a net decrease in the total stormwater runoff from the site, some flows will be re-directed from the Shaw Road stormdrain to the San Mateo Avenue storm drain. As a result, there will be a net increase in flows to the San Mateo Ave stormdrain and a net decrease in flows to the Shaw Road stormdrain. However, flow to San Mateo Ave is pumped and the pumping rate would not be increased. Rather, the increase in flows to the San Mateo Ave Stormdrain would be accommodated by on-site storage. The quantity of storage required is approximately 3000 cubic feet and would be in the form of oversized pipes leading to the pump or an underground concrete chamber. As excess runoff to the San Mateo Ave stormdrain would be detained on-site, change in stormwater runoff is a less than significant impact. GROUNDWATER DEPLETION / RECHARGE The proposed Project will not draw on, or otherwise reduce groundwater resources. Approximately 95 percent of the Project site is currently covered in impervious surfaces. Redevelopment of the site would include replacement of areas currently occupied by paved parking lots with buildings, while incorporating landscaped areas resulting in a net decrease of approximately 10% in impervious surface areas. Thus, the proposed Project would not likely have a negative effect on groundwater recharge. The plan also incorporates the use of vegetated bio-swales in areas currently occupied by bare ground along the eastern edge ofthe existing warehouse. The impact of groundwater depletion/recharge would be less than significant and no mitigation is required. PAGE 7-12 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 7: HYDROLOGY OTHERWISE SUBSTANTIALLY DEGRADE WATER QUALITY The Project will reduce the amount of surface area contributing non-point source pollution runoff. Other previously mentioned impacts, if mitigated, would ameliorate potential short and long term negative impacts on water quality. Therefore, there will be less than significant impact on water quality. HOUSING WITHIN A 100-YEAR FLOOD HAZARD AREA The Project does not include housing and is located outside of the 100-year flood hazard zone of Colma Creek as delineated by the current Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs). The Project will have no impact related to housing and flooding. The Project site is located outside of the 100-year flood hazard zone of Colma Creek as delineated by the current Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs). In regard to impeding flood or any other flows, the Project will have no impact. SIGNIFICANT RISK INVOLVING FLOODING The Project is not located within the vicinity of a levee, nor in a potential flood path of a dam failure, and it will have no impact related to significant risk of loss, injury or death involving flooding. INUNDATION BY SEICHE, TSUNAMI OR MUDFLOW The Project site is not located in an area that would expose persons to inundation by seiche, tsunami, or mudflow. The site is nearly level and does not lie in close proximity to a large lake or the ocean. Although seismically induced waves are a possibility in the Bay, the site elevations are above those considered to be at risk for tsunami wave run-up. Consequently, this impact would be less than significant with no mitigation required. A seiche is a tide-like rise and drop of the surface of a landlocked body of water (e.g., a lake); its period can vary from a few minutes to several hours. The site is not in close proximity to a landlocked body of water that could cause inundation by seiche. Tsunamis, or tidal waves, are huge sea waves that are caused by seismic activity or other disturbance ofthe ocean floor. Portions of South San Francisco that are near the bay and low- lying are considered to be at risk for inundation by tsunami wave run-up. Wave run up is estimated at 6 feet above mean sea level for a 500-year tsunami6 Project site elevations range from 10 feet to 22 feet above mean sea level. Therefore, the site would not be 6 City of South San Francisco, prepared by Dyett and Bhatia, South San Francisco General Plan: Health and Safety Element, 1999, p. 250. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 7-13 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT considered to be at risk for inundation by tsunami. CUMULATIVE HYDROLOGY IMPACT ANALYSIS Cumulative Impacts on Hydrology and Water Quality. The increased construction activity and new development resulting from the Project, in conjunction with other foreseeable development in the city, would result in less than significant impacts on hydrology and water quality conditions with no additional mitigation measures necessary. Assuming concurrent implementation of the Project with other reasonably foreseeable future projects in the vicinity, adverse cumulative effects on hydrology and water quality could include construction impacts related to increases in stormwater runoff and pollutant loading to Colma Creek and San Francisco Bay. The Project and other future projects in the city would be required to comply with drainage and grading ordinances intended to control runoff and regulate water quality at each development site. New projects would be required to demonstrate that stormwater volumes could be managed by downstream conveyance facilities and would not induce flooding. Therefore, the effect of the Project on water quality and hydrology, in combination with other foreseeable projects, would be less than significant. PAGE 7-14 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT 8 LAND USE INTRODUCTION This chapter describes existing land uses, adopted General Plan land use classifications, and zoning designations on and around the Project site. This chapter also describes the applicable plans and policies that guide development in the Project area and evaluates the Project's consistency with these plans and policies and other existing land use regulations. SETTING HISTORY A development trend that has shaped the arrangement of uses in South San Francisco was the extensive residential development that occurred during the 1940s and 1950s, creating large areas almost entirely developed with single-family housing. Also during the 1950s, the City of South San Francisco converted previously unused marshlands into areas usable for industrial development, drastically reshaping the shoreline and attracting light industry to the City for the first time. Plans were announced in 1963 for a 600-acre industrial park adjacent to the newly developed Oyster Point Marina. This industrial park was South San Francisco's first industrial development to incorporate comprehensive planning and integrated design and performance provisions. It supplied ample parking and consistent landscaping and building design. As a result, South San Francisco is largely comprised of single-use areas, with industry in the eastern and southeastern portions ofthe City, single family homes to the north and west, commercial uses along a few transportation corridors, and multiple family housing clustered in those same corridors and on hillsides. In some ways a microcosm of American industry, South San Francisco has been making a slow industrial transformation for the past 30 years. Steel production and other heavy industries have largely been replaced by warehousing, research, development and biotechnology. Because the City's industrial base has continued to evolve as the context for industry has changed, industry will continue to play an important role in South San Francisco's future. The City's continued status as a goods transportation hub, stemming mainly from proximity to San Francisco International Airport, is reflected in the presence of large tracts of land, CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 8-1 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT formerly used for heavy industry, generally east of u.s. 101. As high technology businesses have moved into many of these older industrial areas, conflicts, such as between automobile and truck traffic, and land use and visual character have become increasingly pronounced. The needs of business centers include smaller blocks, more through street connections, ancillary facilities such as restaurants, easier connections to transit, sidewalks and bikeways and higher landscape standards. These needs are much different than those of warehousing and industrial areas. The City, however, attempts to balance regional growth objectives with conservation of residential and industrial neighborhoods. The Project site is situated within the Lindenville planning sub-area, named after the government-built housing for military personnel and shipyard workers that was developed during the war on the former marshland between Railroad Avenue, South Spruce Avenue, and San Mateo Avenue. Demolition of most of the Lindenville military housing occurred in the late 1950s, paving the way for redevelopment of the area with warehouses, light industry, and single-family housing in the Mayfair Village subdivision. Today, warehousing and distribution and light industrial uses are dominant; storage, automobile repair, manufacturing, and small business parks are also present. Parcels in Lindenville are also smaller when compared to their industrial counterparts in the East of 101 area. EXISTING USES Two land uses currently occur at the Project site, each on a separate parcel and described as follows. The first land use includes off-site parking intended for patrons of the San Francisco International Airport. This private facility, with an address of 1080 San Mateo Avenue, includes an approximate 975 square foot (sq.ft.), single-story building, entry canopy, several attendant stations and an open surface parking lot with 670 parking spaces. The second land use consists of warehouse and distribution within a portion of an existing 571,748 sq.ft. single-story building at 1070 San Mateo Avenue. This building interior has been divided into ten (10) units with three (3) office spaces. Associated concrete and paved parking and driveway areas surround the building. Current building occupants include the U.S. Postal Service (USPS), General Services Administration (GSA), and the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) for the storage of office equipment and seized property, and the processing and shipment of mail. This occurs within two of the ten mentioned tenant spaces and amounts to an approximate occupied floor area of 77,477 square feet. REGULATORY SETTING There are no federal or state land use regulations applicable to the proposed Project. PAGE 8-2 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 8: LAND USE South San Francisco General Plan The City of South San Francisco General Plan (1999) provides long-term guidance and policies for maintaining and improving the quality of life in, and the resources of, the community, both man-made and natural. The General Plan provides direction for the City's growth and development and, in doing so, satisfies State law requirements that the General Plan be comprehensive, internally consistent and long-range. The Project site's General Plan Land Use designation is Mixed Industrial. This designation is intended to provide and protect industrial lands for a wide range of manufacturing, industrial processing, general service, warehousing, storage and distribution, and service commercial uses. 1 The maximum Floor Area Ratio (FAR) is 0.4, with an increase to a total FAR of 0.6 for development seeking an FAR bonus with a Transportation Demand Management (TDM) program, as specified in the Zoning Ordinance. 2 South San Francisco Municipal Code Policies within the General Plan are implemented through enforcement of the City's zoning regulations as presented in the City of South San Francisco Municipal Code (Title 20). The zoning regulations prescribe, amongst other things, the allowable uses within specific zoning districts and standards imposed upon on those uses. The Project site has a zoning designation of Industrial District (SSFMC Chapter 20.30). The Industrial District zoning designation includes eight different types ofland uses as described below: 1. Wholesaling, Storage and Distribution (SSFMC Section 20.06.270(d)) - defined as, "The Wholesaling, Storage, and Distribution use type refers to establishments or places of business primarily engaged in wholesaling, storage, and bulk sale distribution, including, but not limited to open-air handling of materials and equipment other than live animals and plants." Within this category, the Project constitutes a sub-category of "Light" indicating, "Wholesaling, storage and warehousing services within enclosed structures. Typical uses include wholesale distributors, storage warehouses, moving and storage firms, freight forwarding and customs brokerage" (SSFMC Section 20.06.270(d)(2)). 2. Light Manufacturing (SSFMC Section 20.06.160(f)) - defined as, "The Light Manufacturing use type refers to the manufacture, predominantly from previously prepared materials, of finished products or parts, including processing, fabrication, assembly, treatment and packaging of such products and incidental storage, sales and distribution of such products. A typical use is commercial printing." , City of South San Francisco, South San Francisco General Plan, 1999, Page 43. 2 Ibid CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 8-3 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT 3. General Industrial (Section 20.06.11O(c)) - defined as, "The General Industrial use type refers to industrial plants primarily engaged in manufacturing, compounding, processlllg, assembling, packaging, treatment, or fabrication of materials and products." 4. Custom Manufacturing (Section 20.06.070(t)) - defined as, "The Custom Manufacturing use type refers to establishments primarily engaged in on-site production of goods by hand manufacturing which involves only the use of hand tools or domestic mechanical equipment not exceeding two horsepower or a single kiln not exceeding eight kilowatts, and the incidental direct sale to consumers of only those goods produced on-site. Typical uses include ceramic studios, candle making shops, or custom jewelry manufacturers." 5. Food Preparation (Section 20.06.100(j)) - defined as, "The Food Preparation use type refers to establishments primarily engaged in the preparation of food products only for off-site sales. Typical uses include wholesale bakeries." 6. Laundry Services (Section 20.06.160(d)) - defined as, "The Laundry Services use type refers to establishments primarily engaged in the provision of laundering, dry cleaning, or dyeing services other than those classified as Linen Supply Services or Personal Services. Typical uses include laundry agencies and diaper services." 7. Personal Storage (Section 20.06.200(e)) - defined as, "The Personal Storage use type refers to storage services primarily for personal effects and household goods within enclosed storage areas having individual access, but excludes uses such as workshops, hobby shops, manufacturing, or commercial activity. Typical uses include mini-warehouses. " 8. Eating and Drinking Establishments: Convenience (SSFMC Section 20.06.090(a)(1)) - defined as, "The Eating and Drinking Establishments use type refers to establishments or places of business primarily engaged in the sale of prepared food and beverages for on-premises consumption, but excludes those uses classified under the Cocktail Lounge use type." Within this category, the Project constitutes a sub- category of "Convenience" meaning, "Establishments or places of business primarily engaged in the preparation and retail sale of food and beverages, and which do not provide for ordering at the tables, if any. Food generally is taken out. Typical uses are ice cream parlors, sandwich shops, and delicatessens with five or fewer tables" (SSFMC 20.06.270(a)(1)). 9. Business and Professional Services - The Business and Professional Services use type refers to establishments or places of business primarily engaged in the sale, rental, or repair of office equipment and the provision of services to offices of other businesses and organizations, rather than to individuals. Typical uses include office supply PAGE 8-4 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 8: LAND USE stores, photocopying centers, secretarial services, and office machine sales and repair stores (Municipal Code Section 20.06.200(j)). IMPACT ANALYSIS STANDARDS OF SIGNIFICANCE The following thresholds for measuring a project's environmental impacts are based on CEQA Guidelines thresholds: 1. Would the Project physically divide an established community? 2. Would the Project conflict with any applicable land use plan, policy or regulation of an agency with jurisdiction over the Project? 3. Would the Project conflict with any applicable habitat conservation plan or natural community conservation plan? DIVIDING ESTABLISHED COMMUNITY The Project would involve renovation of an existing building and construction of five new buildings within an existing developed area substantially utilized for industrial land use. All properties adjoining the Project site are developed and utilized for commercial and/or industrial purposes. The nearest residential neighborhood is approximately 550 feet to the west (beyond existing railroad tracks) or 1,350 feet to the south (past Interstate 380) Therefore, the Project would have no impact related to the division of an established community. CONFLICT WITH PLANS AND POLICIES The Project includes buildings that are intended to be occupied by an as-yet undetermined mix of tenants. The current assumptions for future use of these buildings are as described under the Reasonable Occupancy Scenario, as described in Chapter 3: Project Description. This scenario estimates the location and occupancy by land use type (i.e., floor area) on the Project site, including only those eight types of land uses included in the Industrial District zoning designation. The City's decision-makers will ultimately determine the Project's consistency with applicable City plans and policies. From a CEQA perspective, the Project would not conflict with plans or policies in any way that could have an adverse environmental impact. The proposed Project is consistent with the following General Plan policies: Policy 2-G-2 Maintain a balanced land use program that provides opportunities for continued economic growth, and building intensities that CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 8-5 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT Analvsis: Policy 2-G-3 Analvsis: Policy 2-G-4 Analvsis: Policy 3.2-G-1 Analvsis: Policy 3.2-1-1 Analvsis: Policy 3.2-1-4 reflect South San Francisco's prominent inner bay location and excellent regional access. The Reasonable Occupancy demonstrates how the Project may accommodate multiple land uses on one site. Additionally, the Project would accommodate land use types (e.g., Wholesaling, Storage and Distribution) utilizing nearby regional access options such as US 101 and 1-380. Provide land use designations that maximize benefits of increased accessibility that will result from BART extension to the city and adjacent locations. The Project would increase employment opportunities at a location less than one-half mile of both BART and Caltrain stations. As such, future employees could contribute additional ridership to BART and Caltrain. Provide for continued operation of older industrial and service commercial businesses at specific locations. The Project would provide for the continued and expanded use of an existing industrial building as well as include new buildings providing for industrial and service commercial businesses. Maintain the industrial character in the area from roughly the Spruce Avenue corridor in the west to San Mateo Avenue in the east, and south of Railroad A venue to the San Bruno BART station. The Project is situated within the aforementioned "industrial character" area and would include buildings and land uses consistent with the policies intent. Ensure that afull range of industrial uses continue to be permitted as conforming uses on sites designated as Mixed Industrial in the General Plan. The Project would provide for the continued and expanded use of an existing industrial building as well as include new buildings providing for industrial and service commercial businesses. Do not permit manufacturing, warehousing or distribution on the sites designatedfor Regional Commercial facilities, and retail uses on sites designated as Mixed Industrial. PAGE 8-6 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 8: LAND USE Analvsis: The Project could provide, as articulated in the Reasonable Occupancy Scenario, for ancillary retail land use. This is provided for under Zoning Regulations Section 20.30.030 and only upon Use Permit approval. Policy 3.2-1-5 Recognize the Golden Gate Produce Terminal as a conforming use within the in the General Plan Regional Commercial designation. Ensure that existing airport-oriented parking facilities located on Produce Avenue, as well as office, manufacturing, and warehouse/distribution uses located on the east side of San Mateo Avenue continue to be recognized as conforming uses in the Zoning Ordinance. Analvsis: The Project site is not located on Produce Avenue and does not constitute the Golden Gate Produce Terminal. Policy 4. 2-G-5 Make efficient use of existing transportation facilities and, through the arrangement of land uses, improved alternate modes, and enhanced integration of various transportation systems serving South San Francisco, strive to reduce the total vehicle-miles traveled. Analvsis: The Project is situated within walking distance of local and regional transit modes (i.e., SamTrans, BART and Caltrain) and, as required by Zoning Ordinance Chapter 20.120, would include a Transportation Demand Management Program which will contribute toward a reduction oftotal vehicle miles traveled. Policy 4.2-G-10 Exempt development within one-quarter mile of a Caltrain or BART station, or a City-designated ferry terminal, from LOS standards. Analvsis: The Project site is located more than one-quarter mile of a Caltrain or BART station, or a ferry terminal. Policy 4.3-1-6 As part of any development in Lindenville or East of 101, require project proponents to provide sidewalks and street trees as part of frontage improvements for new development and redevelopment projects. Analvsis: As depicted in Figure 3-19 (Landscape Plan), the Project would provide sidewalks and street trees. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 8-7 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT Policy 7.2-G-1 Analvsis: Policy 7.2-1-1 Analvsis: Policy 7.3-G-3 Analvsis: Policy 7.3-1-2 Analvsis: Policy 7.3-1-3 Analvsis: Comply with the San Francisco Bay RWQCB regulations and standards to maintain and improve the quality of both surface water and groundwater resources. As described in Chapter 7 (Hydrology), the Project would be required to fulfill National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit requirements, as overseen by the San Francisco Bay RWQCB. Continue working with the San Francisco Bay RWQCB in the implementation of the NPDES, and continue participation in STOPPP for the protection of surface water and groundwater quality. As described in Chapter 7 (Hydrology), the Project includes design features reducing non-point source stormwater pollutants and, as described above, would be required to fulfill National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit requirements. Minimize conflicts between sensitive receptors and emissions generators by distancing them from one another. The Project, as proposed, does not include stationary emission sources but would result in new mobile emissions from increased vehicle traffic travelling to and from the site. However, emission estimates are below significance levels as stated in Chapter 4 (Air Quality). Additionally, any potential future stationary emission sources or large laboratories would be subject to standard Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) permit requirements. BAAQMD permit application review would include consideration of sensitive receptors. Use the City's development review process and the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) regulations to evaluate and mitigate the local and cumulative effects of new development on air quality. This EIR evaluated potential air quality impacts and, in doing so, fulfills Policy 7.3-1-2. Adopt the standard construction dust abatement measures included in BAAQMD 's CEQA Guidelines. Mitigation Measure Air-l includes BAAQMD standard and enhanced dust suppression and exhaust reduction measures. PAGE 8-8 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 8: LAND USE The proposed Project would be consistent with and would not conflict with or impede achievement of applicable City of South San Francisco General Plan land use policies, thereby constituting no impact. CONFLICT WITH CONSERVATION PLAN The Project site is predominantly covered with asphalt and large building. The eXlstlllg vegetation consists of residual planter areas containing ground cover, shrubs and twenty-two (22) trees within parking lots and along the site's perimeter. Trees present include non-native eucalyptus and some are large enough to qualify under the City of South San Francisco Tree Protection Ordinance. South San Francisco Municipal Code Chapter 13.30 considers any tree with a circumference of forty-eight inches or more when measured fifty-four (54) inches above natural grade to be "protected." In order to remove a "protected" tree, the Planning Director must issue a permit that includes either a requirement for a replacement tree planting, or payment of fees for future tree planting by the City. Of the twenty-two (22) trees on the Project site, four qualify as "protected," with a circumference between 70 inches to 85 inches when measured from fifty-four (54) inches above natural grade. The Parks and Recreation Director will need to consider issuance of a permit for those "protected" trees to be removed. The director may require measures to protect trees and require replacement trees. Through compliance with this permit process, the Project would be consistent with the requirements of the Tree Protection Ordinance and would mitigate any adverse impacts to "protected" trees. Accordingly, the Project would have a less than significant impact regarding conflicts with conservation policies, ordinances or plans protecting biological resources. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 8-9 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT This page intentionally left blank PAGE 8-10 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT 9 NOISE INTRODUCTION This chapter describes the potential for impacts related to noise and ground-borne vibration resulting from implementation of the proposed Project. The primary noise concerns related to the proposed Project would result from the increased vehicular traffic and noise levels associated with construction. Specifically, this chapter evaluates site-specific environmental impacts related to substantial temporary and/or permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the proposed Proj ect and whether exposure to these increases would be in excess of standards established in the South San Francisco General Plan, the City's Noise Ordinance, or any other applicable standards. SETTING FUNDAMENTALS OF SOUND AND ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE Noise may be defined as unwanted sound. Noise is usually objectionable because it is disturbing or annoying. The objectionable nature of sound could be caused by its pitch or its loudness. Pitch is the height or depth of a tone or sound, depending on the relative rapidity (frequency) of the vibrations by which it is produced. Higher pitched signals sound louder to humans than sounds with a lower pitch. Loudness is intensity of sound waves combined with the reception characteristics of the ear. Intensity may be compared with the height of an ocean wave in that it is a measure ofthe amplitude ofthe sound wave. In addition to the concepts of pitch and loudness, there are several noise measurement scales which are used to describe noise in a particular location. A decibel (dB) is a unit of measurement which indicates the relative amplitude of a sound. The zero on the decibel scale is based on the lowest sound level that the healthy, unimpaired human ear can detect. Sound levels in decibels are calculated on a logarithmic basis. An increase of 10 decibels represents a ten-fold increase in acoustic energy, while 20 decibels is 100 times more intense, 30 decibels is 1,000 times more intense, etc. There is a relationship between the subjective noisiness or loudness of a sound and its intensity. Each 10 decibel increase in sound level is perceived as approximately a doubling of loudness over a fairly wide range of intensities. Technical terms are defined in Table 9-1 below. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 9-1 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT TABLE 9-1: DEFINITION OF ACOUSTICAL TERMS TERM DEF1NITIONS Decibel, dB A unit describing the amplitude of sound, equal to 20 times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of the pressure of the sound measured to the reference pressure, which is 20 micropascals (20 micronewtons per square meter). Frequency, HZ The number of complete pressure fluctuations per second above and below atmospheric pressure. A-Weighted Sound Level, dB The sound pressure level in decibels as measured on a sound level meter using the A-weighting filter newark. The A-weighting filter de-emphasizes the very low and very high frequency components of the sound in a manner similar to the frequency response of the human ear and correlates well with subjective reactions to noise. All sound levels in this report are A-weighted, unless reported otheIWise. LOl,LlO,Lso,L90 The A-weighted noise levels that are exceeded 1%,10%,50%, and 90% of the time during the measurement period. Equivalent Noise Level, Leq The average A-weighted noise level during the measurement period. Community Noise Equivalent Level, CNEL The average A-weighted noise level during a 24-hour day, obtained after addition of 5 decibels in the evening from 7:00 PM to 10:00 PM and after addition of 10 decibels to sound levels measured in the night behveen 10:00 PM and 7:00 am. DaylNight Noise Level, Lctn The average A-weighted noise level during a 24-hour day, obtained after addition of 10 decibels to levels measured in the night behveen 10:00 PM and 7:00 am. Lmax,Lmin The maximum and minimum A-weighted noise level during the measurement period. Ambient Noise Level The composite of noise from all sources near and far. The normal or existing level of environmental noise at a given location. Intrusive That noise which intrudes over and above the existing ambient noise at a given location. The relative intrusiveness ofa sound depends upon its amplitude, duration, frequency, and time of occurrence and tonal or informational content as well as the prevailing ambient noise level. Source: ILLINGWORlH & RODKIN, INC./ Acoustical Engineers, from City of South San Francisco 249 East Grand Avenue EIR There are several methods of characterizing sound. The most common in California is the A- weighted sound level or dBA. This scale gives greater weight to the frequencies of sound to which the human ear is most sensitive. Representative outdoor and indoor noise levels in units of dBA are shown in Table 9-2. Because sound levels can vary markedly over a short period of time, a method for describing either the average character of the sound or the statistical behavior of the variations must be utilized. Most commonly, environmental sounds are described in terms of an average level that has the same acoustical energy as the summation of all the time-varying events. This energy-equivalent sound/noise descriptor is called Leq. The most common averaging period is hourly, but Leq can describe any series of noise events of arbitrary duration. The scientific instrument used to measure noise is the sound level meter. Sound level meters can accurately measure environmental noise levels to within about plus or minus I dBA. Various computer models are used to predict environmental noise levels from sources, such as roadways and airports. The accuracy of the predicted models depends upon the distance PAGE 9-2 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 9: NOISE the receptor is from the noise source. Close to the noise source, the models are accurate to within about plus or minus I to 2 dBA. TABLE 9-2: TYPICAL ENVIRONMENT SOUND LEVElS At a Given Distance From Noise Source A-Weighted Sound Level in Decibels Noise Environments Subjective Impression 140 Civil Defense Siren (l00') 130 Jet Takeoff (200') 120 Pain Threshold 110 Rock Music Concert Diesel Pile Driver (l00') 100 Very Loud 90 Boiler Room Freight Cars (50') Pneumatic Drill (50') Freeway (100') Vacuum Cleaner (10') Printing Press Plant 80 70 In Kitchen With Garbage Disposal Running Moderately Loud 60 Data Processing Center Light Traffic (l00') Large Transformer (200') 50 Department Store 40 Private Business Office Quiet Soft Whisper (5') 30 Quiet Bedroom 20 Recording Studio 10 Threshold of Hearing o Source: ILLINGWORTH & RODKIN, INC.lAcoustical Engineers, from City of South San Francisco 249 East Grand Avenue EIR, 1012005 EXISTING NOISE ENVIRONMENT According to the South San Francisco General Plan, the primary nOise sources within the CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 9-3 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT City are the San Francisco International Airport, streets and highways, rail operation, and industrial use1 Background noise in the Project vicinity includes vehicle noise from US 101 to the east, vehicle noise from Interstate 380 to the south, surrounding industrial land uses, local vehicular traffic, municipal buses, and commercial truck traffic. REGULATORY SETTING In South San Francisco, the Noise Element of the City's General Plan (1999) contains land use criteria for noise impacted areas. These criteria define the desirable maximum noise exposure of various land uses, in addition to certain conditionally acceptable levels contingent upon the implementation of noise reduction measures. These criteria indicate that noise levels of less than 75 dBA (CNEL)2 are acceptable noise levels for industrial and open space uses. The South San Francisco Noise Ordinance (Chapter 8.32, Noise Regulations, Section 8.32.030) specifies the maximum permissible sound levels for residential, commercial and industrial land uses. The Project site is zoned Industrial District (M-I) and the noise level standard for this zone is 70 dBA (Lso), day or night3. Shorter periods with noise levels higher than these limits are allowed, but only for specified periods of time. Specifically, the standard + 5 dB for more than 15 minutes, the standard + 10 dB for more than 5 minutes, and the standard + 15 dB for more than one minute in any hour are used. The standard + 20 dB cannot be exceeded for any period of time. However, where the existing ambient noise level already exceeds the above noise limits, the ambient noise level becomes the standard4 The South San Francisco Noise Ordinance (Section 8.32.050) restricts construction activities to the hours of 8:00 a.ill. to 8:00 p.m. on weekdays, 9:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. on Saturdays, and 10:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. on Sundays and holidays. This ordinance also limits noise generation of any individual piece of equipment to 90 dBA at 25 feet or at the property line. , City of South San Francisco, General Plan, Page 275. 2 The decibel (dB) is a logarithmic unit used to quantify sound intensity. Since the human ear is not equally sensitive to all sound frequencies within the entire spectrum, human response is factored into sound descriptions in a process called" A-weighting" written as "dEA" . CNEL: Community Noise Equivalent Level. Because community receptors are more sensitive to unwanted noise intrusion during the evening and at night, state law requires that for planning purposes, an artificial dB increment be added to quiet time noise levels in a 24-hour noise descriptor called the Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL). 3 The noise limit that cannot be exceeded for more than 30 minutes in any hour (50 percent of any given hour). 4 Ibid PAGE 9-4 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 9: NOISE IMPACT ANALYSIS STANDARDS OF SIGNIFICANCE The following thresholds for measuring a Project's environmental impacts are based upon CEQA Guidelines thresholds: 1. Would the Project expose persons to, or generate noise levels in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies? 2. Would the Project expose persons to, or generate excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels? 3. Would the Project lead to a substantial permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the Project vicinity above levels existing without the Project? 4. Would the Project lead to a substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the Project vicinity above levels existing without the Project? 5. For a Project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the Project expose people residing or working in the Project area to excessive noise levels? 6. For a Project within the vicinity of a private airstrip, would the Project expose people residing or working in the Project area to excessive noise levels? PERMANENT NOISE INCREASES Project-generated traffic noise and other operational noise sources such as HV AC equipment would not exceed noise standards and would not significantly increase ambient noise levels nor substantially impact noise-sensitive receptors. This would be a less-than-significant impact with no mitigation warranted. Traffic Implementation ofthe proposed Project would increase noise levels along local streets due to Project-generated traffic. Under the Project, daily traffic trips to and from the site would increase from an estimated 178 daily trips under the site's current development, to an estimated 3,082 daily trips under the proposed Project, a difference of 2,904 trips. In general, a doubling of traffic volumes would result in a 3-dBA noise increase for traffic dominated noise environments, and a 3-dBA noise increase is barely perceptible to most people. While the Project would contribute net new traffic trips to the nearby road network, CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 9-5 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT its contribution would result in less than a doubling of traffic volumes.5 Therefore, the impact oftraffic noise produced by the Project would be considered less-than-significant. Mechanical Equipment Implementation of the proposed Project would increase ambient noise levels in the Project vicinity due to the operation of more powerful and additional new rooftop mechanical equipment. The impact of the HV AC systems would be considered less-than-significant provided that the noise level produced by it conforms to the relevant City of South San Francisco Noise Ordinance provisions, which are mandatory (Municipal Code Chapter 8.32). The maximum permissible noise levels at the Project site are: 60 dB between the hours of 10 PM and 7 AM, and 65 dB between the hours of7 AM and 10 PM. TEMPORARY NOISE INCREASE Impact Noise-I: Construction Related Noise. Project construction could result in temporary short-term noise increases due to the operation of heavy equipment. This would be a potentially significant impact associated with Project development. Construction noise sources range from about 82 to 90 dBA at 25 feet for most types of construction equipment, and slightly higher levels of about 94 to 97 dBA at 25 feet for certain types of earthmoving and impact equipment. During site preparation and construction at the Project site, operation of heavy equipment could result in a substantial temporary increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity ofthe Project site. Mitigation Measure Noise-I: Noise Abatement. The Project applicant shall require by contract specification that construction best management practices be implemented by contractors to reduce construction noise levels to the noise limit specified in the City Noise Ordinance (90-dBA at 25 feet). Best management practices include: . Ensuring that construction equipment IS properly muilled according to industry standards, . Implementing noise attenuation measures which may include but are not limited to noise barriers or noise blankets. . Requiring heavily loaded trucks used during construction to be routed away from noise and vibration sensitive uses such as Scott Street (South San Francisco) and Walnut Street (San Bruno). 5 Comparison of Appendix D, Figure 1 (Existing Scenario Intersection Volumes) to Figure 4 (2010 Background With Project Volumes). PAGE 9-6 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 9: NOISE Implementation of Mitigation Measure Noise-l would reduce construction-related nOise impacts to a level of less-than-significant. GROUNDBORNE VIBRATION It is not expected that future land uses at the Project site would generate excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise. Businesses anticipated to occupy the Project site include those that temporarily store and then deliver goods, manufacture goods, prepare food or wash/dry laundry. A small portion of the Project would include commercial retail space. These land uses do not characteristically generate groundborne vibration or groundborne noise. Therefore, it is expected that the Project would have no impact related to excessive groundborne vibration or excessive groundborne noise. AIRPORTS The City of South San Francisco Noise Element (1999) contains eXlstlllg and projected airport noise contours associated with San Francisco International Airport, located south of the site. These contours indicate the Project site is located within the 70-dBA (CNEL) existing and future airport noise contours. Projected contours for road and railroad noise are also included in the Noise Element. These contours indicate that the Project site is located in an area where noise levels generated by major road and railroad noise sources will continue to be 70 dBA (CNEL) or less. Based on the City's land use criteria6, the proposed Project's industrial land use would be compatible with future noise level projections in the Project vicinity of70 dBA (CNEL) or less, thereby representing no impact. CUMULATIVE NOISE IMPACTS The Project, together with anticipated future development in the area could result in long- term traffic increases that could cumulatively increase noise levels. However, these increases are not anticipated to be significant in the context of existing ambient noise and the Project site's general industrial character, and the impact of cumulative noise increases would be considered less-than-significant. Noise from cumulative development in the area would primarily occur from increases in motor vehicle traffic. Cumulative traffic noise levels in the area are based on traffic volumes prepared by DKS Associated for Chapter 10 (Transportation and Circulation) of this document. As can be seen in Fignres I through 12 (Appendix D), volumes on nearby roadways would less than double during peak hours in future cumulative scenarios compared to the existing situation. As discussed under project-specific noise increases above, in general, a doubling of traffic 6 Table 9.2-1, City of South San Francisco, South San Francisco General Plan, 1999. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 9-7 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT volumes would result in a 3-dBA noise increase in a traffic dominated noise environment, and a 3-dBA noise increase is barely perceptible to most people. Therefore, the cumulative noise increase from increases traffic would not be expected to generate noise levels perceptible over the existing ambient noise levels and the impact would be considered less- than-significant. PAGE 9-8 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT 10 TRANSPORTATION AND CIRCULATION INTRODUCTION This chapter describes the transportation conditions in the study area in terms of existing roads and traffic operations, transit service and pedestrian and bicycle conditions. The findings represented in this EIR are derived from the Centrum Logistics Traffic Impact Analysis prepared for the City of South San Francisco by DKS Associates, dated May 30, 2009. Figures referenced in this chapter are included in Appendix D. SETTING ROADWAYS Proiect Site The Centrum Logistics Project site is located at 1070 and 1080 San Mateo Avenue in the City of South San Francisco, approximately 450 feet north of Interstate 380 and approximately 650 feet west of Interstate 101 (Fignre I in Appendix D). The project site is now served by two driveways connecting to San Mateo Avenue. The two existing driveways lead to separate internal parking aisles. The Project would maintain two driveways yet reconfigure the two existing sites into one, unified drive aisle network with corresponding off-street parking. Project access to the U.S. 101, 1-280 and 1-380 freeways is provided by a variety of major streets with several route options available to the three interchanges that could potentially be used by Project traffic. Each is briefly described below. Freewavs U.S.IOl is an eight-lane freeway running in the north-south direction, US 101 is approximately half a mile east of the project site. US 101 is over 1500 miles long and runs between Los Angeles and Olympia, W A, and is a major regional freeway on the peninsula. The freeway has an Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT) of approximately 240,000 vehicles south of 1-380 including 16,700 vehicles during the peak hour. Additionally, north of 1-380 the AADT is approximately 214,000 vehicles and 15,200 vehicles during the peak hour. The most direct route from the project site is via the interchange with San Bruno Avenue. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 10-1 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT 1-280 is an eight-lane freeway that generally runs in the north-south direction 1.25 miles west of the project site. It is one of two major regional freeways on the peninsula and has its northern and southern termini respectively in San Francisco and San Jose. In the vicinity of the proj ect site, 1-280 supports four mixed use lanes in each direction. 1-280 has an Annual AADT of approximately 107,000 vehicles south of 1-380 including 11,200 during the peak hour; and approximately 175,000 north of 1-380 including 13,400 during the peak hour. Additionally, access to and from 1-280 from the project site is via interchanges with San Bruno Avenue. 1-380 is an eight-lane spur freeway runs in the east-west direction for 1.5 miles between 1- 280 and US 101 and is approximately a tenth of a mile south of the project site. 1-380 has an Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) of approximately 124,000 vehicles west of SR 82 with 9,300 vehicles during the peak hour; and approximately 145,000 vehicles east of SR 82 with 10,900 vehicles during the peak hour. Access to and from 1-380 from the project site is most nearly accessed from El Camino Real / SR 82. State Route 82 (SR 82) (EI Camino Real) is an arterial which extends north from the Santa Clara County line across the San Francisco County line. The arterial is approximately half a mile west of the proj ect site and has six lanes with three in each direction. In the vicinity of the project site, the roadway has an AADT of approximately 37,500 vehicles south of 1-380 including 3,000 during the peak hour. North of 1-380, the AADT is 39,500 with 3,450 vehicles during the peak hour. Streets San Mateo Avenue is a two-lane arterial extending from Produce Avenue north of the project site to SR 82 south of the project site. Generally running north-south, it provides frontage for the project site and also allows for on-street parking for much of its length. In addition to legal parking spaces, field observations indicated many illegally parked vehicles. San Bruno Avenue is a four-lane arterial running between South Airport Boulevard to the east and SR 35 to the west. San Bruno Avenue intersects with US 101 and 1-280 and provides connections between the project site and these two freeway facilities. On-street parking is not permitted along any segment of San Bruno Avenue. Airport Boulevard is a four- to six-lane, north-south arterial street that parallels the west side of the U.S.101 freeway. This roadway continues north into the City of Brisbane and the City of San Francisco, where it is called Bayshore Boulevard. South of San Mateo Avenue, Airport Boulevard changes names to Produce Avenue. In the General Plan, Airport Boulevard is classified as a major arterial. VOLUMES Weekday AM and PM peak hour analysis was requested by City staff at the following twelve (12) major intersections and sixteen (16) roadway segments serving the Project site. All PAGE 10-2 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 10: TRANSPORTATION AND CIRCULATION locations are currently in operation. Studv Intersections I. Miller Avenue and Airport Boulevard 2. East Grand Avenue and Airport Boulevard 3. East Grand Avenue and Industrial Way / US 101 northbound off-ramp 4. East Grand Avenue and Gateway Boulevard 5. San Mateo Avenue and Airport Boulevard 6. US 101 northbound on/off-ramp and South Airport Boulevard 7. South Linden Avenue and Dollar Avenue 8. Shaw Road and San Mateo Avenue 9. San Bruno Avenue and San Mateo Avenue 10. San Bruno Avenue and US 101 southbound on/off-ramp 11. San Bruno Avenue and US 101 northbound on/off-ramp 12. San Bruno Avenue and US 101 northbound-right off-ramp Studv Roadwav Segments I. Airport Boulevard between Grand Avenue and Baden Avenue 2. Airport Boulevard between 2nd Lane and San Mateo Avenue 3. Airport Boulevard between San Mateo Avenue and Terminal Court 4. San Mateo Avenue between Airport Boulevard and Lowrie Avenue 5. San Mateo Avenue between Tanforan Avenue and Atlantic Avenue 6. San Mateo Avenue between Walnut Street and San Bruno Avenue 7. Grand Avenue between Airport Boulevard and NB US 101 off-ramp 8. San Bruno Avenue between Huntington Avenue and San Mateo Avenue 9. San Bruno Avenue between San Mateo Avenue and 2nd Avenue 10. San Bruno Avenue between 7th Avenue and SB US 101 on/off-ramp 11. San Bruno Avenue between SB US 101 ramps and NB US 10 I ramps 12. US 101 between San Francisco Airport and San Bruno Avenue 13. US 101 between San Bruno Avenue and 1-380 14. US 101 between 1-380 and Mitchell Avenue 15. US 101 between Mitchell Avenue and Grand Avenue 16. US 101 between Grand Avenue and Oyster Point Boulevard The Centrum Logistics Traffic Impact Analysis incorporates data provided by traffic counts performed by WIL TEC in January, 2009, the City of South San Francisco, and the County of San Mateo. Fignre I (in Appendix D) presents existing AM and PM peak hour volumes at the analysis intersections. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 10-3 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT INTERSECTION OPERATION Analvsis Methodologv City staff requested intersection and roadway segment evaluation for the following traffic scenanos: Existing Condition - Operation analysis based on eXlstlllg peak hour volumes and existing intersections and roadway segment lane geometry. 2010 Background Condition - Based on growth factors estimated from the County of San Mateo's Transportation Demand Model. 2010 Background with Project Condition - 2010 Background Condition plus project- generated traffic estimated for the Centrum distribution center. 2020 Cumulative No Project Condition - Based on growth factors estimated from the County of San Mateo's Transportation Demand Model. 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition - 2020 Cumulative No Project Condition plus project generated traffic estimated for the Centrum distribution center. 2030 Cumulative No Project Condition - Based on growth factors estimated from the County of San Mateo's Transportation Demand Model. 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition - 2030 Cumulative No Project Condition plus project generated traffic estimated for the Centrum distribution center. Data Collection Peak Hour Traffic Volumes Intersection turning movement volumes for the study intersections were performed by WILTEC in January, 2009. AM and PM peak hours were included for analysis since it is expected that daily staff shift changes would occur during these two periods. Existing peak hour traffic volumes on US-I 0 I were obtained from the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), District 4, and from California Freeway Performance Measurement System (PeMS) data for Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Thursdays between March I, 2008 and March I, 2009. Intersection and Roadway Configuration Site visits were conducted by DKS Associates in January, 2009, to confirm lane configuration and traffic control at study intersections and roadway segments. PAGE 10-4 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 10: TRANSPORTATION AND CIRCULATION LEVEL OF SERVICE CALCULATIONS The Level of Service (LOS) evaluation indicates the degree of congestion that occurs during peak travel periods and is the principal measure of roadway and intersection performance. LOS can range from "A" representing free-flow conditions, to "F" representing extremely long delays. LOS B and C signify stable conditions with acceptable delays. LOS D is typically considered acceptable for a peak hour in urban areas. LOS E is approaching capacity and LOS F represents conditions at or above capacity. The correlation between average stopped delay and level of service for both signalized and unsignalized intersections is shown in Table 10-1. Table 10-1: Signalized and Unsignalized Intersection LOS Thresholds Vehicle Delay (seconds/vehicle) Description Level of Service Signalized Intersections Unsignalized Intersections A Delay ~ 10.0 Delay ~ 10.0 Free FlowlInsigni:licant Delays: No approach phase is fully utilized and no vehicle waits longer than one red indication. B 10 < Delay ~ 20.0 10.0 < Delay~ 15.0 Stable Operation/Minimal Delays: An occasional approach phase is fully utilized. Many drivers design to feel somewhat restricted within platoon of vehicles. c 20.0 < Delay ~ 35.0 15.0 < Delay ~ 25.0 Stable Operation! Acceptable Delays: Major approach phases fully utilized. Most drivers feel somewhat restricted. D 35.0 < Delay ~ 55.0 25.0 < Delay ~ 35.0 Approaching Unstable/Tolerable Delays: Drivers may have to wait through more than one red signal indication. Queues may develop but dissipate rapidly, without excessive delays. E 55.0 < Delay ~ 80.0 35.0 < Delay ~ 50.0 Unstable Operation/Significant Delays: VollllTIes at or near capacity. Vehicles may wait through several signal cycles. Long queues from upstream from intersection. F Delay < 80.0 Delay < 50.0 Forced flow/Excessive Delays: Represents januned conditions. Intersection operates below capacity with low volumes. Queues may block upstream intersections. Source: DKS Associates The Level of Service (LOS) at the selected study intersections and roadway segments was determined on methodology described below. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 10-5 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT Intersection Level of Service Intersection analysis was conducted using the criteria described in the City/ County Association of Governments (C/CAG) 2007 Congestion Management Program and utilized the Highway Capacity Software (HCS 2000) for the analysis where appropriate. For reference purposes, LOS as defined in the HCM is a quality measure describing operating conditions within a traffic stream. It is generally described in terms such as service measures as speed and travel time, freedom to maneuver, traffic interruptions, and comfort and convenience. LOS at study intersections was calculated using TRAFFIX software for signalized and unsignalized intersections. Unsignalized Intersections At unsignalized intersections, each approach to the intersection is evaluated separately and assigned a LOS. The level of service is based on the delay at the worst approach for two-way stop controlled intersections. Total delay is defined as the total elapsed time from when a vehicle stops at the end of the queue until the vehicle departs from the stop line. This time includes the time required for the vehicle to travel from the last-in-queue position to the first- in-queue position. Signalized Intersections At signalized intersections, level of service is evaluation on the basis of average stopped delay for all vehicles at the intersection. Roadwav Segment Level of Service Roadway segment analysis was conducted using the criteria described in the City/ County Association of Governments (C/CAG) 2007 Congestion Management Program and utilized the Highway Capacity Software (HCS 2000) for the analysis where appropriate. For the purposes of the traffic analysis, two types of roadways were identified: arterials and freeways. Roadway Segment - Arterials Arterials are generally larger capacity roads tying smaller residential streets to areas of commercial and retail activity and also connect to freeways. In the area of the project site, Airport Boulevard, Linden Avenue, San Mateo Avenue, Grand Avenue, and San Bruno Avenue are considered arterials. Under the 2007 Congestion Management Program, levels of service for arterials are dependent on the arterial class denoted as Type I, II, or III. Type I arterials are principal arterials with suburban design, I to 5 signals per mile, no parking and free-flow speeds of 35 to 45 miles per hour. Type III arterials have urban designs, with 6 to 12 signals per mile, parking permitted and are undivided with free-flow speeds of 25 to 35 miles per hour. Type PAGE 10-6 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 10: TRANSPORTATION AND CIRCULATION II arterials fall between Type I and II and have free-flow speeds of30 to 35 miles per hour. The LOS for arterials is based on maneuverability, delays, and speeds, As the volume increases, the probability of stopping at an intersection due to a red signal indication increases and the LOS decreases. The specific LOS criteria from the HCM is presented in Table 10-2. TABLE 10-2: LEVEL OF SERVICE CRITERIA FOR ARTERIALS Arterial Class Average Travel Speed (miles per hour) II III Range of Free Flow Speeds 35 to 45 30 to 35 25 to 35 Typical Free Flow Speed 40 33 27 A .:: 35 .::30 .:: 25 B .:: 28 .::24 .:: 19 C .::22 .:: 18 .:: 13 D .:: 17 .:: 14 .::9 E .:: 13 .:: 10 .::7 F < 13 < 10 <7 Source: San Mateo COlmty Congestion Management Agency, 2007 Roadway Segment - Freeway According to the 2007 Congestion Management Program, a freeway is defined as a "divided highway facility with two or more lanes in each direction and full control of access and egress. It has no intersections; access and egress are provided by ramps at interchanges." As an example, US 101 is considered a freeway. For freeway segments, a calculation method based on the v/c ratio was selected for the 2007 Congestion Management Program. Volumes on each roadway segment in each direction are divided by the capacity, estimated to be 2,200 vehicles per hour per lane on freeways. For this report, the freeway free-flow speed was determined to be 65 miles per hour. The v/c ratio for freeways with a 65 mile per hour free flow speed is related to LOS based on the information in Table 10-3. It should be noted that LOS E and LOS D are the operating standards for US 101 and I 280 near the study area. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 10-7 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT TABLE 10-3: LEVEL OF SERVICE CRITERIA FOR FREEWAYS BASED ON VOLUME-TO-CAPACITY RATIOS 65 rnph - Free-Flow Speed Level of Service Density" (pc/milln) Speedb (ruph) Maxirnurnc vie MSpd (pcphpl) A 10.0 65.0 0.295 650 B 16.0 65.0 0.473 1,040 C 24.0 64.5 0.704 1,548 D 32.0 61.0 0.887 1,952 E 39.3 56.0 1.000 2,200 P Variable Variable Variable Variable Notes: a Density in passenger cars per mile per lane, b Average travel speed in miles per hour, cMaximum volume-to-capacity ratio, dMaximum service flow rate under ideal conditions in passenger cars per hour per lane Source: Transportation Research Board, Highway Capacity Manual, Special Report 209 (Washington, D.C., 1994), pp. 3-9 EXISTING OPERATING CONDITIONS Intersection Operating Conditions Level of service calculations were performed at twelve (12) intersections for the weekday AM and PM peak hours. The AM peak hour is the highest one-hour period between 7:00 AM and 9:00 AM while the PM peak hour is the highest on-hour traffic volume between 4:00 PM and 6:00 PM. Table 4 of Appendix D summarizes the results of the intersection level of service for the existing condition, and illustrates that all of the twelve (12) intersections currently operate at LOS D or better during the respective AM and PM peak hours. Roadwav Segment Operating Conditions Based on the classification of the roadway segments described earlier, eleven (11) arterial roadway segments and five (5) freeway segments were evaluated for the existing AM and PM peak hour operating conditions. Table 5 of Appendix D provides a summary of the roadway segments operational condition for the existing conditions, and illustrates all roadway segments currently operate at or above LOS D with the exception of northbound US 101 between 1-380 and Mitchell Avenue during the AM peak hour. Traffic Signal Warrant Analvsis A traffic signal warrant analysis is a method which defines the minimum conditions where a traffic signal may be applicable for an existing unsignalized intersection. While meeting the warrant criteria does not ensure that a signal is justified at a certain location (since there are many factors which influence the effectiveness of a traffic signal), it does establish the minimum conditions under which a traffic signal can be considered. Conversely, not meeting the signal warrant suggests that a traffic signal should not be installed and alternative traffic PAGE 10-8 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 10: TRANSPORTATION AND CIRCULATION control solutions should be explored. A traffic signal warrant analysis was conducted at all unsignalized intersections in accordance with the California Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) - Section 4C. The unsignalized intersection was investigated if the signal warrants for the "Peak Hour" was met. The signal warrant is met when either of the two following criteria is satisfied. Criterion 1: The criterion is satisfied when all three of the following conditions exist in the same one hour of an average day: I. The total stopped time delay experienced by the traffic on one minor-street approach (one direction only) controlled by a STOP sign equals or exceeds: 4 vehicle-hours for a one- lane approach; or 5 vehicle-hours for a two-lane approach, and 2. The volume on the same minor-street approach (one direction only) equals or exceeds 100 vehicles per hour for one moving lane of traffic of 150 vehicles per hour for two moving lanes and 3. The total entering volume serviced during the hour equals or exceeds 650 vehicles per hour for intersections with three approaches or 800 vehicles per hour for intersections with four or more approaches. Criterion 2: The criterion is satisfied when the plotted point representing the vehicles per hour on the major street (total of both approaches) and the corresponding vehicles per hour on the higher-volume minor-street approach (one direction only) for I hour (any four consecutive 150 minute periods) of an average day falls above the applicable Peak Hour Warrant Curves for the existing combination of approach lanes. Table 6 of Appendix D summarizes the results of the signal warrant analysis. Based on the analysis results, the intersection of San Bruno Avenue and NB US-1O I off-ramps northbound-right does not meet the signal warrant criteria for the existing condition during either the AM or the PM peak hours. TRANSIT, PEDESTRIAN AND BICYCLE FACILITIES Transit Facilities Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) operates a commuter rail public transit system with 43 stations through San Francisco, Alameda, Contra Costa, and San Mateo Counties. The five lines provide regular service between 4:00 AM and midnight with trains for each line arriving every 15 minutes. In the vicinity of the project site, the San Bruno Station is approximately on-third of a mile west of the proposed Centrum Distribution Center. Between October 2007 and September 2008, the average weekday exits at this station were 2,574 riders. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 10-9 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT The San Mateo County Transit District (SamTrans) operates 55 bus routes throughout San Mateo County and link to areas of San Francisco and Palo Alto. Sam Trans buses connect to BART and Caltrain Stations while providing local and express service to the county. The closest SamTrans routes are near the San Bruno BART Station, approximately one-third of a mile near west of the project site. The 133, 140, 141,391,38, and 43 bus routes all stop at the San Bruno BART Station. Pedestrian Facilities Existing sidewalks in Project vicinity are between five and twelve feet in wide and are provided in most areas near the project site. Crosswalk striping is not provided at most unsignalized intersections. However, crosswalk striping is provided at signalized intersection including the equidistant signalized intersections of San Mateo Avenue at San Bruno Avenue and San Mateo Avenue at Linden Avenue. Sidewalks in the Project's vicinity are generally in acceptable condition with some exceptions near auto repair shops. Some sidewalk furniture is present the area which includes light poles, fire hydrants, street sign poles, trees in some areas, and mailboxes. Additionally, the sidewalks are generally adjacent to the street with no parkways providing a buffer between the two. Bicvcle Facilities In the City of South San Francisco, there are three different bicycle facility classifications: . Bike Paths (Class I facilities) - Paved facilities that are physically separated from roadways used by motor vehicles by space of a physical barrier and are designated for bicycle use. . Bike Lanes (Class II facilities) - Lanes on the outside edge of roadways reserved for the exclusive use of bicycles designated with special signing and pavement markings. . Bike Routes (Class III facilities) - Roadways recommended for use by bicycles and often connect roadways with bike lanes and bike paths. Bike routes are designated with signs. San Mateo Avenue, which serves as the access road for the project site, is classified as a bike route in the City's General Plan. North of the project site, Airport Boulevard is also classified as a bike route. No existing bicycle facilities near the proj ect site are identified in the City of San Bruno General Plan. EXISTING PARKING Off-Street Parking Between the two lots, there are approximately 920 parking spaces available for use. Of these PAGE 10-10 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 10: TRANSPORTATION AND CIRCULATION spaces, 670 belong to an airport parking facility while the remaining 250 are on the current site. Access to the two parking areas have separate entrance/exits off of San Mateo Avenue approximately 0.4 miles north of San Bruno Avenue. On-Street Parking On-street parking in the vicinity of the project site is generally scarce. Along San Mateo Avenue, parking regulations and restrictions limit the number of potential parking spaces. The existing parking supply is often highly utilized during weekday since many of the industrial uses in the area do not have private parking areas and must use park along the curbside. During DKS field visits, some vehicles were observed to be parking illegally due to the high on-street parking demand (e.g. blocking driveways, in red curb zones, during street sweeping hours). TRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT PROGRAM The City of South San Francisco requires that all nonresidential development expected to generate 100 or more average daily trips, based on the Institute of Traffic Engineers (ITE) trip generation rates or a project seeking a floor area ratio (FAR) bonus implement Transportation Demand Management (TDM) measures to reduce vehicle traffic (Chapter 20.120 Transportation Demand Management) (refer to Appendix E). The purposes of the TDM ordinance are as follows: . Implement a program designed to reduce the amount of traffic generated by new nonresidential development, and the expansion of existing nonresidential development pursuant to the City's police power and necessary in order to protect the public health, safety and welfare. . Ensure that expected increases in traffic resulting from growth in employment opportunities in the City of South San Francisco will be adequately mitigated. . Reduce drive-alone commute trips during peak traffic periods by using a combination of services, incentives, and facilities. . Promote the more efficient utilization of existing transportation facilities and ensure that new developments are designed in ways to maximize the potential for alternative transportation usage. . Establish minimum TDM requirements for all new nonresidential development. . Allow reduced parking requirements for projects implementing the requirements of this chapter. . Establish an ongoing monitoring and enforcement program to ensure that the measures are implemented. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 10-11 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT IMPACT ANALYSIS SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA Intersection and roadway segment significance criteria have been adopted from the 2007 San Mateo County Congestion Management Program (CMP). Based on the CMP standards, the acceptable operating level of service (LOS) is defined at LOS D unless defined differently by the 2007 CMP. In the area of the Project site, the 2007 CMP establishes that the roadway level of service standard for US 101 is LOS E. No CMP intersections are included in this study, based on the location of the proposed project and study intersections. However the City of South San Francisco also uses the following additional criteria for the evaluation of local intersections. Intersection Impact Thresholds For an intersection that is currently in compliance with the adopted LOS standard: . A project will be considered to have an impact if the project will cause the intersection to operate at a level of service that violates the standard adopted; or . A project will be considered to have an impact if the cumulative analysis indicates that the combination of the proposed project and future cumulative traffic demand will result in the intersection to operate at a level of service that violates the standard adopted and the proposed project increases average control delay at the intersection by four (4) seconds or more. For an intersection that is not currently in compliance with the adopted LOS standard: . A project is considered to have an impact if the project will add any additional traffic to the intersection that is currently not in compliance with its adopted level of service standard. Freewav Segment Impact Thresholds For freeway segments currently in compliance with the adopted LOS standard: . A project is considered to have an impact if the project will cause the freeway segment to operate at a level of service that violates the standard adopted; or . A project will be considered to have an impact if the cumulative analysis indicates that the combination of the proposed project and future cumulative traffic demand will result in the freeway segment to operate at a level of service that violates the standard adopted and the proposed project increases traffic demand on the freeway segment by an amount equal to one (1) percent or more of the segment capacity, or causes the freeway segment volume-to-capacity (v/c) ratio to increase by one (1) percent. PAGE 10-12 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 10: TRANSPORTATION AND CIRCULATION For freeway segments currently not in compliance with the adopted LOS standard: . A project is considered to have an impact if the project will add traffic demand equal to one (1) percent or more or the segment capacity or causes the freeway segment volume- to-capacity (v/c) ratio to increase by one (1) percent, if the freeway is currently not in compliance with the adopted LOS standard. Arterial Segment Impact Thresholds The CMP states that the analysis of arterial segments is only required when a jurisdiction proposes to reduce the capacity of a designated arterial through reduction in the number of lanes, adding or modifying on-street parking, or other actions that will affect arterial segment performance. . A project is considered to have an impact if it causes mid-block queuing, parking maneuvers resulting in delays or other impacts that result in any segment to operate at a level of service that violates the adopted LOS standard set for the nearest intersection. Additionally, an impact is determined if the average travel speed for the arterial segment is reduced by 4 miles per hour or more. This criterion was used in evaluating arterial segments. Although the proj ect does not anticipate reducing the capacity of arterials through a reduction in the number of lanes, adding or modifying on-street parking, or other actions that may affect the segment performance, arterial segment analysis was performed for a more conservative, comprehensive traffic analysis. PROJECT TRIP GENERATION Impact Traf-l: Project Trip Generation Exceeds 100 Trips During Peak Hours. The Project would generate more than 100 net new trips during the AM and PM peak hours. The San Mateo City/County Association of Governments (C/CAG) Agency Guidelines for the implementation of the 2003 Draft Congestion Management Program ("C/CAG Guidelines") specifies that local jurisdictions must ensure that the developer and/or tenants will mitigate all new peak hour trips (including the first 100 trips) projected to be generated by the development. This would be a potentially significant impact. The Project's trip generation was based on the Reasonable Occupancy Scenario's! square footage and standard trip generation rates for a warehousing, light industrial, convenience market, eatery without a drive-through, and print and shipping store land use, as published by , See Chapter 3 (project Description). CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 1 0-1 3 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT the Institute of Transportation Engineers in the 8th edition of the Trip Generation Handbook, as described in Table 10-4. The trip generation also takes into account the Project's number of heavy vehicle trips. Due to the different vehicle characteristics between heavy vehicles and passenger cars, heavy vehicles were converted to passenger-car-equivalents (PCEs) by the ratio of 4 vehicle trips per one (1) truck trip. TABLE 10-4: TRIP GENERATION RATE CORRELATION Floor Area Reasonable Occupancy Scenario 368,969 sq.ft. 245,979 sq.ft. 1,500 sq.ft. 1,000 sq.ft. 6,600 sq.ft. General Industrial ITE Trip Generation Rate Light Industrial VVholesaling, Storage and Distribution: Light Eating and Drinking Establislunents (Convenience and Limited) Warehousing Eatery without Drive-Through Convenience Sales Convenience Market Business and Professional Services Print and Shipping Store Source: Centrum Logistics Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009. TDM Trip Reductions Although the TDM program required for the Project is intended to achieve a 30% mode shift in site-generated peak hour trips, for purposes of this EIR a more conservative 15% trip reduction has been assumed for the Project. Under this TDM assumption, 10% of generated trips would utilize transit services (BART and SamTrans) while the remaining 5% would participate in care share programs. The trip reduction would be accomplished primarily through the support of alternative modes of transportation including transit and carpooling. Site-specific improvements may include shuttle services to Caltrain and BART and will include complimentary carpool parking. Additionally, proposed providing amenities for pedestrians and bicyclists including bicycle racks and lockers will further encourage the use of alternative modes of transportation. Internal Trip Capture And Pass-By Trip Reduction An internal trip capture reduction and pass-by trip reduction were calculated as part of the trip generation for the site. Chapter 7 of the ITE Trip Generation Handbook Based provides related information to calculate the overall internal capture for a mixed-use development. Using this resource, a 12% internal trip capture rate was calculated and has been applied to the trips generated by the project. Additionally, based on field observations and given the light-industrial nature of the area surrounding the project site, an addition 5% trip reduction for pass by was applied to the overall site-related trip generation. These reductions are reflected in Table 10-5. PAGE 10-14 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 10: TRANSPORTATION AND CIRCULATION TABLE 10-5: PROPOSED PROJECT TRIP GENERATION, WITH A 15% TDM REDUCTION Direction Daily Trips AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour Trucks Autos Total Trucks Autos Total Trucks Autos Total Expressed as Vehicles Inbound 173 1542 1715 37 273 310 7 91 98 Outbound 173 1542 1715 9 86 95 41 292 333 Total 345 3084 3430 46 359 405 48 383 431 Passenger Car Equivalent Inbound 690 1542 2232 148 273 421 28 91 119 Outbound 690 1542 2232 36 86 122 164 292 456 Total 1380 3084 4464 184 359 543 192 383 575 Source: DKS Associates Trip Distribution The direction of approach and departure for project trips of the proposed Centum Distribution Center were estimated from the existing traffic patterns in the vicinity of the project site. Table Traf-6 shows the Project's assumed trip distribution patterns. The Project truck trips having their origins or destinations on US-101 would be assumed to access the Project site via the interchanges at San Bruno Avenue, Produce Avenue, Wondercolor Lane, and Miller Avenue. The remaining Project truck trips would access 1-280 via San Bruno Avenue. During the respective AM and PM peak hours, approximately 16 to 24 trucks would pass through the intersection of San Mateo Avenue and San Bruno Avenue. For trucks, full site access would be off of San Mateo Avenue at the existing driveway location. This location would also serve as the employee and visitor entrance. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 1 0-1 5 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT TABLE TRAF-6: PROPOSED PROJECT TRIP DISTRIBUTION Origin I Destination Autos North via US 101 30 South via US 10 1 25 North via Airport Blvd 3 West via Grand Ave 2 North via Linden Ave 10 South via San Mateo Ave 15 West via San Bnmo Ave 15 Total 100 Source: DKS Associates. Percentage of Total Traffic (%) Trucks 45 50 5 100 Mitigation Measure Traf-l: Transportation Demand Management Program. The Project sponsors shall implement a Transportation Demand Management (TDM) program consistent with the City of South San Francisco Zoning Ordinance Chapter 20.120 Transportation Demand Management, and acceptable to C/CAG. These programs, once implemented, must be ongoing for the occupied life ofthe development. The City of South San Francisco requires that all nonresidential development expected to generate 100 or more average daily trips, based on the Institute of Traffic Engineers (ITE) trip generation rates or a project seeking a floor area ratio (FAR) bonus, implement Transportation Demand Management (TDM) measures to reduce vehicle traffic. The Project would exceed 100 trips. Implementation of Mitigation Measure Traf-l would ensure compliance with the City of South San Francisco requirements. EXISTING PLUS PROJECT INTERSECTION IMPACTS Under existing (Year 2010) conditions, the Project's addition of traffic would not result in any significant impacts to study intersections during either of the peak hours analyzed. This would be a less than significant impact. Year 2010 (Without Proiect) Conditions This section discusses the traffic operating conditions of the study intersections and roadway segments under the 2010 Background without Project Condition. The 2010 Background Conditions include the existing traffic volumes plus the addition of background growth traffic derived from the C/CAG travel forecast model. The background and cumulative PAGE 10-16 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 10: TRANSPORTATION AND CIRCULATION growth volumes have been calculated by using the C/CAG traffic forecast model which provides 2005 and forecasted 2030 traffic volumes. Using a furness process between the 2009 existing field volumes, C/CAG 2005, and C/CAG 2030 traffic volumes, 2010 Background traffic volumes were estimated. Table 7 of Appendix D identifies the Year 2010 without Project Condition intersection traffic volumes at each study intersection, including that no intersections would deteriorate from an acceptable LOS (LOS D or better) to a deficient LOS (LOS E or F) during either peak hour. Year 2010 (With Project) Conditions Table 17 of Appendix D shows that all study intersections operate at an acceptable LOS (LOS D or better) under the Year 2010 without Project Condition, and would continue to operate at acceptable LOS under the Year 2010 with Project Condition. The Project's addition of traffic would not result in any significant impacts to study intersections during either ofthe peak hours analyzed and no mitigation measures are warranted. EXISTING PLUS PROJECT ROADWAY SEGMENT IMPACTS Under existing (Year 2010) conditions, the Project's addition of traffic would not result in a significant impact to the study area roadway segments. This would be a less than significant impact. Year 2010 (Without Project) Conditions Table 8 of Appendix D identifies the analysis result of the study roadway segments under the Year 2010 without Project Condition, including that all of the study roadway segments would continue to operate at acceptable LOS (LOS D or better) during the AM peak hour. Year 2010 (With Project) Conditions Table 18 of Appendix D provides a summary of Year 2010 with Project Condition roadway segments operation conditions, including the measures of effectiveness (average travel speed or v/c ratio) and LOS, and illustrates that all study area roadway segments would continue to operate at an acceptable LOS. Therefore, under this scenario the Project would not result in a significant impact to the study area roadway segments, and no mitigation is required. EXISTING PLUS PROJECT TRAFFIC SIGNAL WARRANT IMPACTS Under existing (Year 2010) conditions, the Project's addition of traffic would not result in a significant impact to unsignalized intersection in the study area. This would be a less than significant impact. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 10-17 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT Year 2010 (Without Project) Conditions Table 9 of Appendix D identifies the warrant analysis for the Year 2010 without Project Condition, concluding that the one unsignalized intersection at San Bruno Ave / NB US-101 Off-Ramp NB-Right would not meet the peak hour signal warrant during the AM or PM peak hours. Signalization would, therefore, not be warranted. Year 2010 (Without Project) Conditions Table 19 of Appendix D identifies the signal warrant analysis results for the Year 2010 without Project Condition. The single unsignalized intersection would not meet the peak hour signal warrant during either the AM or PM peak hours. Signalization would, therefore, not be warranted and no mitigation is required. CUMULATIVE (YEAR 2020) INTERSECTION IMPACTS Impact Traf-2: Cumulative (2020) Intersection Impacts. Under cumulative (Year 2020) conditions, the addition of Project traffic would result in significant impacts to three study intersections during the PM peak hour: a) East Grand Avenue / Airport Boulevard; b) San Bruno Avenue / US 101 SB Ramps; and c) San Mateo Avenue / Airport Boulevard. This would be a potentially significant impact. Year 2020 (Without Project) Conditions Table 20 of Appendix D summarizes the results of the intersection level of service calculations for the 2020 Cumulative without Project Condition. This table shows that under 2020 Cumulative without Project Condition, four of the twelve study intersections would operate at an unacceptable LOS ofE or F in at least one of the peak hours. During the AM peak period the following intersections would operate at LOS F: . East Grand Avenue / Airport Boulevard, (delay of 115.4 seconds) . East Grand Avenue / US 101 northbound off-ramps, (delay of250.6 seconds) and . East Grand Avenue / Gateway Boulevard (delay of 197.8 seconds). During the PM peak hour period the following intersections would operate at LOS E or F: . East Grand Avenue / Airport Boulevard (LOS E, delay of63.1 seconds) . San Mateo Avenue / Airport Boulevard (LOS F, delay of 151.0 seconds) Year 2020 (With Project) Conditions The Year 2020 with Project Condition includes the existing traffic volumes plus the additions PAGE 10-18 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 10: TRANSPORTATION AND CIRCULATION of background growth traffic derived from the C/CAG travel forecast model, plus traffic generated by the Project. Table 26 of Appendix D shows that during the AM peak period, the three intersections operating at LOS F under the Year 2020 without Project Conditions would not be substantially further impacted by Project traffic. However, during the PM peak hour, three intersections would have a significant increase in traffic impacts: . East Grand Avenue / Airport Boulevard - the intersection delay would increase from 63.1 seconds and LOS E in the Year 2020 without Project Condition to 65.4 seconds and LOS F during the Year 2020 with Project Condition. The Project would increase the northbound through and right direction traffic, and the southbound through direction traffic. . San Mateo Avenue / Airport Boulevard - would still remain at LOS F, but the delay would increase from 151.0 seconds in the Year 2020 without Project Condition to 158.4 seconds in the Year 2020 with Project Condition. Project-related trips would increase traffic at all approaches but most notably in the northbound direction. . San Bruno Avenue / US 101 SB Ramps - would increase from LOS D and 47.4 seconds of delay under the Year 2020 without Project Condition to LOS E and 56.8 seconds of delay under the Year 2020 with Project Condition. This increase in delay is attributed to project-related traffic using the US 101 northbound and southbound interchange ramps. Mitigation Measures East Grand Avenue / Airport Boulevard (2020 PM) Traf-2a: East Grand Avenue / Airport Boulevard (2020 PM). In order to mitigate this impact, the Project applicant shall be responsible for re- striping the westbound approach from a shared left-through lane and a right-only lane to a left-only lane and a shared through-right lane. With this improvement, the delay at the intersection would be reduced to 54.9 seconds, such that the "with project" delay would be reduced to below the "without project" condition. This improvement would effectively mitigate the Project's impact at this intersection to a less than significant level. This mitigation strategy would not cause an impact during the AM peak hour. San Mateo Avenue / Airport Boulevard (2020 PM) Traf-2b: San Mateo Avenue / Airport Boulevard (2020 PM). In order to mitigate this impact, the Project applicant shall be responsible for re-striping one of the eastbound left-through lanes to a through-right lane. With this improvement, the delay at the intersection would be reduced to 150.7 seconds, such CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 1 0-1 9 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT that the "with project" delay would be reduced to below the "without project" condition. This improvement would effectively mitigate the Project's impact at this intersection to a less than significant level. This mitigation strategy would not cause an impact during the AM peak hour. San Bruno Avenue at US 101 Southbound Ramps (2020 PM) Traf-2c: San Bruno Avenue at US 101 Southbound Ramps (2020 PM). In order to mitigate this impact, the Project applicant shall be responsible for re- striping the existing southbound-through lane to accommodate a southbound through-right lane. With this improvement, the delay at the intersection would be reduced to 28.7 seconds, such that the "with project" delay would be reduced to below the "without project" condition. This improvement would effectively mitigate the Project's impact at this intersection to a less than significant level. However, because the intersection is within the city limits ofthe City of San Bruno, adoption of the measure is not within the responsibility or jurisdiction of the City of South San Francisco. While San Bruno could implement the mitigation measure to ensure that this impact is reduced to a less than significant level, the City of South San Francisco, as lead agency for the Project, cannot require or guarantee that the measure will actually be implemented; therefore, this impact would remain significant and unavoidable. CUMULATIVE (YEAR 2020) ROADWAY SEGMENT IMPACTS Under cumulative (Year 2020) conditions, the addition of Project traffic would not result in a significant traffic impact on roadway segments. This would be a less than significant impact. Year 2020 (Without Proiect) Conditions Table 21 of Appendix D shows that under the Year 2020 without Project Conditions, none of the roadway segments operate under unacceptable LOS conditions (i.e., worse than LOS E). The addition of other cumulative growth in traffic would not result in any of the roadway segments operating under unacceptable conditions. Year 2020 (With Proiect) Conditions Table 27 of Appendix D shows that all roadway segments would continue to operate without impacts (i.e., at LOS E or better) under the 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition. Although the segment of southbound US 101 between Mitchell and 1-380 would operate at LOS E with a v/c ratio of 0.91, the 2007 CMP establishes that the roadway level of service standard for US 101 is LOS E in the area of the Project site. CUMULATIVE (YEAR 2020) TRAFFIC SIGNAL WARRANT IMPACTS Under cumulative (Year 2020) conditions, the Project's addition of traffic would not trigger a PAGE 10-20 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 10: TRANSPORTATION AND CIRCULATION traffic signal warrant that was not already triggered under without-project conditions. This would be a less than significant impact. Year 2020 (Without Project) Conditions Table 22 of Appendix D summarizes the traffic signal warrant analysis performed at the single unsignalized intersection at San Bruno Ave / NB US-101 Off-Ramp NB-Right. Based on the analysis results, that intersection would satisfy the peak hour signal warrant during the PM peak hour. Signalization would, therefore, be warranted. Year 2020 (With Project) Conditions Table 28 of Appendix D presents the warrant analysis results for the Year 2020 with Project Condition. This analysis concludes that the unsignalized intersection at San Bruno Ave / NB US-101 Off-Ramp NB-Right would continue to be warranted during the PM peak hour and would also now satisfy peak hour signal warrant during the AM as well. Since the signal warrant was required under the without-Project condition and the Project would not further exacerbate this condition once the signal is installed, the impact would be less than significant and no mitigation is required. CUMULATIVE (YEAR 2030) INTERSECTION IMPACTS Impact Traf-3: Cumulative (2030) Intersection Impacts. Under cumulative (Year 2030) conditions, the addition of Project traffic would result in significant impacts to two study intersections during the AM peak hour: a) East Grand Avenue / Airport Boulevard; and b) San Bruno Avenue / US 101 northbound ramps. Additionally, Project traffic would result in significant impacts to three study intersections during the PM peak hour: c) East Grand Avenue / Airport Boulevard; d) San Mateo Avenue / Airport Boulevard; and e) San Bruno Avenue / US 101 southbound ramps. This would be a potentially significant impact. Year 2030 (Without Project) Conditions This section discusses the traffic operating conditions of the study intersections and roadway segments under the Year 2030 without Project Condition. The Year 2030 without Project Condition includes the existing traffic volumes plus the additions of background growth traffic derived from the C/CAG travel forecast model. Table 29 of Appendix D summarizes the results of the intersection level of service calculations for the 2030 Cumulative without Project Condition. This table shows that under 2030 Cumulative without Project Condition, six of the twelve study intersections would operate at an unacceptable LOS ofE or F in at least one of the peak hours. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 10-21 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT During the AM peak period the following intersections would operate at LOS F: . East Grand Avenue / Airport Boulevard, . East Grand Avenue / US 101 northbound off-ramps, . East Grand Avenue / Gateway Boulevard . San Bruno Avenue / US 101 northbound right off-ramp During the PM peak hour period the following intersections would operate at LOS F: . East Grand Avenue / Airport Boulevard . East Grand Avenue / Gateway Boulevard . San Mateo Avenue / Airport Boulevard . San Bruno Avenue at US 101 southbound ramps. Year 2030 (With Proiect) Conditions The Year 2030 with Project Condition includes the existing traffic volumes plus the additions of background growth traffic derived from the C/CAG travel forecast model, plus Project traffic. Table 35 of Appendix D shows that during the AM peak period, two of the four intersections operating at LOS F under the Year 2030 without Project Conditions would be further impacted by Project traffic: . The intersection of East Grand Avenue and Airport Boulevard would operate at LOS F and 192.8 seconds of delay under the Year 2030 without Project Conditions and LOS F and 195.2 seconds of delay under the Year 2030 with Project Condition. The Project would increase traffic in the northbound through and right directions, and in the southbound through direction. . The intersection of San Bruno Avenue and US 101 southbound ramps would deteriorate from 89.5 seconds of delay and LOS D in the 2030 without Project Condition to 106.0 seconds of delay and LOS E under with the Year 2030 with Project Conditions. During the PM peak hour, three of the four intersections operating at LOS F under the Year 2030 without Project Conditions would be further impacted by Project traffic: . The intersection of East Grand Avenue and Airport Boulevard would operate with 98.4 seconds of delay and LOS F under the Year 2030 without Project Condition and would operate with 103.3 seconds of delay and LOS F in the Year 2030 with Project Condition; . The intersection of San Mateo Avenue and Airport Boulevard would operate at LOS F PAGE 10-22 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 10: TRANSPORTATION AND CIRCULATION and 238.9 seconds of delay under the Year 2030 without Project Condition and LOS F and 246.4 seconds of delay in the Year 2030 with Project Condition. . The intersection of San Bruno Avenue and US 10 I southbound ramps would operate with 89.5 seconds of delay and LOS F under the Year 2030 without Project Condition and 106.0 seconds of delay and LOS F in the Year 2030 with Project Condition. Mitigation Measures Traf-3a: East Grand Avenue / Airport Boulevard (2030 AM and PM) East Grand Avenue at Airport Boulevard (2030 AM and PM). In order to mitigate this impact, the Project applicant shall be responsible for re- striping and modifications to both intersection geometry and traffic signals, to change the westbound approach from a shared left-through lane and a right-only lane to a left-only lane and a shared through-right lane would need to occur. With this improvement, the delay at this intersection would be reduced to 118.8 during the AM and 81.0 during the PM, thereby restoring the level of service to a level below the "without project" condition. This improvement would mitigate the impact at this intersection to a less than significant leveL . Traf-3b: San Bruno Avenue at US 101 Southbound Ramps (2030 AM and PM) San Bruno Avenue at US 101 Southbound Ramps (2030 AM). In order to mitigate this impact, the Project applicant shall be responsible for re- striping the existing southbound-through lane to accommodate a southbound through-right lane. With this improvement, the delay at the intersection would be reduced to 28.7 seconds during the AM and 41.8 during the PM, thereby restoring the level of service to a level below the "without project" condition. This improvement would effectively mitigate the Project's impact at this intersection to a less than significant level, however, because the intersection is within the city limits of the City of San Bruno, adoption of the measure is not within the responsibility or jurisdiction of the City of South San Francisco. While San Bruno could implement the mitigation measure to ensure that this impact is reduced to a less than significant level, the City of South San Francisco, as lead agency for the Project, cannot require or guarantee that the measure will actually be implemented; therefore, this impact would remain significant and unavoidable. Traf-3c: San Mateo Avenue at Airport Boulevard (2030 PM) San Mateo Avenue at Airport Boulevard (2030 PM). In order to mitigate this impact, the Project applicant shall be responsible for re- striping one of the eastbound left-through lanes to a through-right lane. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 10-23 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT With this improvement, the delay at the intersection would be reduced to 238.3 seconds, such that the "with project" delay would be reduced to below the "without project" condition. This improvement would effectively mitigate the Project's impact at this intersection to a less than significant level. Even though this mitigation measure would reduce the intersection delay to below "without project conditions" levels, the intersection would still operate at LOS F. This mitigation strategy would not cause an impact during the AM peak hour. CUMULATIVE (YEAR 2030) ROADWAY SEGMENT IMPACTS Under cumulative (Year 2030) conditions, the addition of Project traffic would not result in a significant traffic impact on project roadway segments. This would be a less than significant impact. Year 2030 (Without Proiect) Conditions Table 30 of Appendix D shows that, under the Year 2030 without Project Condition, one roadway segment would operate at LOS F during the PM peak period, and four roadway segments would operate at LOS E: . Southbound segment of Airport Boulevard from San Mateo Avenue to Terminal Court - Would operate at LOS F during the PM peak period; . Southbound US 101 direction from Oyster Point Boulevard to Grand Avenue - Would operate at LOS E; . Southbound US 101 direction from Grand Avenue to Mitchell Avenue - Would operate at LOS E; . Southbound US 101 from Mitchell Avenue to 1-380 - Would operate at LOS E; and . Northbound segment of US 101 between 1-380 and Mitchell Avenue - Would operate at LOSE. Although the segments of US 101 would operate at LOS E, the 2007 CMP establishes that the roadway level of service standard for US 101 is LOS E in the area of the Project site. All other study roadway segments would continue to operate at an acceptable LOS D or better. Year 2030 (With Proiect) Conditions Table 36 of Appendix D shows that, under the Year 2030 with Project Condition, roadway segments would not be significantly impacted by Project traffic. Northbound US 101 from Grand Avenue to Oyster Point Boulevard would operate with a 0.89 v/c ratio and LOS E under the Year 2030 without Project Condition and would continue to operate at LOS E (0.90 v/c ratio) in the Year 2030 with Project Condition. PAGE 10-24 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 10: TRANSPORTATION AND CIRCULATION Southbound US 101 from Mitchell Avenue to 1-380 would remain at LOS E for the Year 2030 without Project Condition and Year 2030 with Project Conditions, even though the v/c ratio would increase from 0.97 to 0.98. Southbound US 101 between Grand Avenue and Mitchell would operate at LOS E with a 0.91 v/c ratio in the Year 2030 without Project Condition and would continue to operate at LOS E with a 0.91 v/c ratio in the with project condition. Southbound US 101 between Oyster Point Boulevard and Grand Avenue would experience a 0.89 v/c ratio and LOS E in the Year 2030 without Project Condition and would remain at LOS E (with a 0.90 v/c ratio) in the Year 2030 with Project Condition. The 2007 CMP establishes that the roadway level of service standard for US 101 is LOS E in the area of the Project site. However, it should be noted that the CMP requires subtraction of traffic originating outside of San Mateo County. Therefore, given that reduction of traffic, it is unlikely that traffic levels would (or could) exceed LOS E. The southbound segment of Airport Boulevard from San Mateo Avenue to Terminal Court would operate at LOS F during the PM peak period, but Project traffic would not cause an the average travel speed to be reduced by 4 miles per hour or more. TRANSIT, PEDESTRIAN AND BICYCLE OPERATIONS The Project would have a less than significant impact on alternative modes of travel, including transit, pedestrian and bicycle facilities. Transit Operations As part of the required TDM program, an estimated 10% to 20% percent transit mode share would result in between approximately 60 to 119 AM, and approximately 72 to 144 PM transit-related trips via BART and Sam Trans. Load factors and operations of current transit services in the area would not be adversely affected by these net-new transit trips related to the proposed project. Therefore it is anticipated that the proposed project would not create significant impacts to the existing transit services. Pedestrian Facilities Existing sidewalks in the area are between five and twelve feet in wide and are provided in most areas near the project site. Crosswalk striping is not provided at most unsignalized intersections however, crosswalk striping is provided at signalized intersection including the equidistant signalized intersections of San Mateo Avenue at San Bruno Avenue and San Mateo Avenue at South Linden Avenue. The sidewalks in the vicinity of the project site are generally in acceptable condition with some exceptions near auto repair shops. Some sidewalk furniture is present in the area which includes light poles, fire hydrants, street sign poles, trees in some areas, and mailboxes. Additionally, the sidewalks are generally adjacent to the street with no parkways providing a buffer between the two. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 10-25 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT Bicvcle Facilities In the City of South San Francisco, there are three different bicycle facility classifications: . Bike Paths (Class I facilities) - Paved facilities that are physically separated from roadways used by motor vehicles by space of a physical barrier and are designated for bicycle use. . Bike Lanes (Class II facilities) - Lanes on the outside edge of roadways reserved for the exclusive use of bicycles designated with special signing and pavement markings. . Bike Routes (Class III facilities) - Roadways recommended for use by bicycles and often connect roadways with bike lanes and bike paths. Bike routes are designated with signs. The City of South San Francisco General Plan depicts a future bike path for a railroad right- of-way approximately 0.25 miles west of the Project site. Additionally, bike paths are planned for Herman Street (approximately 0.10 miles west of the project site) and South Linden Avenue (approximately 0.35 miles northwest of the project site). In the City of San Bruno General Plan, potential future bikeways are proposed along Huntington Avenue and San Bruno Avenue in the vicinity of the project. San Mateo Avenue, which serves as the access road for the Project site, is classified as a bike route in the City's General Plan. North ofthe Project site, Airport Boulevard is also classified as a bike route. No existing bicycle facilities near the Project site are identified in the City of San Bruno General Plan. All of these operations would continue to function as described in the existing conditions discussion above. SITE PLAN AND AREA CIRCULATION ANALYSIS Impact Traf-4: Site Circulation. The Project's circulation plan will not reduce the number of lanes, add or modify on-street parking, or result in other actions that will affect arterial segment performance. However, the Project would contribute additional large commercial vehicular turn movements to an intersection with insufficient turning radius. This would be a potentially significant impact. Site Circulation Project site vehicular access would be via two curb cuts along San Mateo Avenue. The northerly curb-cut would provide access for passenger vehicles and trucks while the southerly curb-cut would be restricted to passenger vehicles only. The site plan would include truck docks on the western edge of the building. Truck access to San Mateo Avenue from the loading docks follows paths without tight turning radii and provides sufficient lateral clearance for truck turning movements. Passenger vehicle access is also facilitated by PAGE 10-26 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 10: TRANSPORTATION AND CIRCULATION turning radii geometries, lane widths, and the aforementioned two egress and ingress points to San Mateo Avenue. Turning Movements The curb radius at the northeast corner of San Bruno Avenue and San Mateo Avenue will not accommodate large vehicle types such as commercial semi-trucks attempting to travel eastbound along San Bruno Avenue to northbound San Mateo Avenue and the Project site. Auto Turn analysis has been performed on the current northeast curb geometry to determine the vehicle path. Based on the AutoTurn results, the turning paths for larger vehicles such as commercial semi-trucks would cross over into the opposite travel lane on San Mateo Avenue in order to complete the turning movement. While occupants of buildings at the Project site may self-restrict vehicles from traveling along San Bruno Avenue and from making a turn at this intersection of concern, the ability to confirm measure effectiveness would be highly dependent upon enforcement. Regardless, it is not feasible to increase the subject turning radius at this intersection due to existing development. Approximately 50-55 feet of right-of-way would need to be acquired in order to facilitate this truck turning movement. To do so, would require removal, at minimum, of the majority of the off-street parking lot serving existing auto repair businesses on the corner parcel. Additionally, the intersection of San Bruno Avenue and San Mateo Avenue is located within the city limits of the City of San Bruno. Adoption of the mitigation measures is not within the responsibility or jurisdiction of the City of South San Francisco. While San Bruno could agree to allow implementation of mitigation measures, the aforementioned physical limitations would preclude their implementation. The City of South San Francisco, as lead agency for the Proj ect, cannot require or guarantee that the measure will actually be implemented. Taking into account the economic, jurisdictional and technological factors required to facilitate the truck turning movement, there is no feasible mitigation that would reduce this impact to a less than significant-level. Therefore, this impact is considered significant and unavoidnble. PARKING The Project would have a less than significant impact on parking. Off-Street Parking As part of the proposed site plan, the two existing lots would be combined and their parking supply joined as well. The resulting on-site parking plan would include parking for approximately 670 autos and trucks. Access would occur from San Mateo Avenue through two curb cuts. A curb cut near the southern edge of the project site would be for autos only CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 10-27 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT while another curb cut slightly farther north would provide access for both autos and trucks. Internal circulation paths would join areas of parking regardless of which access point a vehicle utilized. Based on information provided by South San Francisco city staff, the total minimum required parking spaces would be 381 off-street parking spaces. As a result, the Project would provide an excess of322 off-street parking spaces. On-Street Parking On-street parking conditions are expected to remain the same under the Project condition. While the off-airport parking lot curb cut would be removed under Project conditions, a new curb cut is proposed near the southern edge of the Project site. In effect, the existing curb cut would be moved south but should have no affect on on-street parking conditions. PAGE 10-28 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT 11 UTILITIES INTRODUCTION This chapter describes existing public utilities on and in the vlclmty of the Project and evaluates the impact of the proposed project on the provision of public utilities and possible adverse physical impacts to the environment that could result from constructing expanded facilities. The discussion includes information drawn from the Wet Utility Capacity Study by Hydroconsult Engineers, Inc. dated May 1,2009. SETTING WATER SUPPLY South San Francisco has two water suppliers. The California Water Service Company Peninsula District (CWSC) serves that portion of the City east of Interstate 280, which represents the majority of the City's area. The CWSC also serves San Carlos and San Mateo, with no restrictions on water allocation among these communities. The company's current contract with the San Francisco Water Department (SFWD) entitles the City to 42.3 million gallons per day (MGD) per year. An additional 1.4 MGD can be pumped from groundwater. The Westborough County Water District serves the area west of 1-280, an area not targeted for growth in the City's General Plan.! Water use has increased steadily, and at a rate faster than increases in the number of users. Water use has rebounded significantly from the levels of the late 1980s and early 1990s, when an extended period of drought and resulting conservation measures brought water use levels down considerably. While residential users comprise approximately 90% of the water accounts in South San Francisco, less than half of the total consumption may be attributed to residential users. On the other hand, industrial users comprise less than I % of the water accounts but use II % of the total water. Part of the reason for the high industrial water usage in the City is the predominance of biotechnology firms. Pharmaceutical manufacturing requires extremely pure water, and large quantities of water are used to achieve necessary water purity levels. , City of South San Francisco, City of South San Francisco General Plan, 1999 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 11-1 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT The CWSC bases its future water use projections on estimates of both the number of future water users and the amount of water each type of user will consume. The five year average growth in the number of accounts is the basis for the utility's projections of the number of water users through 2020. Water use projections for 2020 range from 5.9 MGD to 9.1 MGD. Assuming the SFWD contract allocation is not modified during the remaining contract period, the CWSC has adequate supply to meet even the highest projected demand. 2 The Project site is located on the city limit boundary between South San Francisco and San Bruno. Consequently, a third water supplier - the City of San Bruno - currently provides domestic water and fire flows to 1070 San Mateo. The CWSC currently provides service to 1080 San Mateo. The existing 1080 San Mateo Avenue water supply consists of a I-Yz inch meter serving both domestic and irrigation. The existing 1070 San Mateo water supply consists of an 8-inch meter serving fire, domestic, and irrigation. WASTEWATER South San Francisco Municipal Wastewater Svstem As the name implies, the cities of South San Francisco and San Bruno jointly own and operate the South San Francisco-San Bruno Water Quality Control Plant (WQCP) which would treat wastewater from the Project site. The complete sewer network leading to the WQCP consists of approximately 155 miles of 6-inch through 36-inch diameter pipes, which convey flows from the cities of South San Francisco, San Bruno, and portions of Daly City and Colma. The WQCP is located at the end of Belle Air Road in South San Francisco. 3 Much of the existing South San Francisco sewer collection system is over sixty years old, and portions of the system are in need of repair. Since 1997, the City of South San Francisco has been under a Cease and Desist Order (CDO) from the San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board (R WQCB) to upgrade its facilities in order to protect the environmental quality of the Bay. The required work at the WQCP has been completed; the remaining work within the sewer collection network was not accomplished by the CDO deadline of November 2005, however the remaining work is in process or planned4 The WQCP has the capacity to provide secondary treatment for 13 MGD in dry weather and 62 million gallons per day in wet weather. Average dry weather flows for the past five years to the plant are 9.2 MGD; average peak wet weather flows approach 30 MGD.5 Wastewater 2 City of South San Francisco, City of South San Francisco General Plan, 1999, p.194. City of South San Francisco, 249 East GrandAve EIR, 2005 Castagnola, 2007 Page 10, Wet Utility Capacity Study, by Hydroconsult Engineers, Inc., dated May 1, 2009. 4 PAGE 11-2 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 11: UTILITIES treatment at the WQCP consists of screening, grit removal, chemical addition to aid settling of solids, primary settling under vacuum, aeration, clarification, and disinfection by chlorination. Excess chlorine is removed prior to discharge of the treated water 2 miles offshore in San Francisco Bay.6 The City of South San Francisco shares the WQCP with the City of San Bruno. Currently, the City of South San Francisco has an allocation of treatment capacity of 8.74 mgd, and is currently generating 5.6 mgd. This equates to an unused allocation of 3.14 mgd available for growth. 7 Proiect Vicinitv Wastewater Svstem The existing wastewater system (i.e., lines of conveyance) serving the Project site is operated and maintained by the City of San Bruno Public Works Department. Specifically, this includes an 8-inch sewer that is partially PVC and partially clay. The PVC section runs across the Project site, south to north, and serves the southern portion of existing Building 1. The clay portion runs across the Project site, west to east, in a 20-foot easement which enters from San Mateo Avenue and discharges into a 24-inch diameter sewer at a manhole behind 310 Shaw Road. The 24-inch diameter sewer gathers flows from the Project site and other contributing properties in a northerly direction until combining with two major trunk sewers (the 27-inch Tanforan sewer from South San Francisco and the 36-inch 7th Avenue sewer from San Bruno), which discharge into Shaw Road Pumping Station No. 11. Shaw Road Pump Station No. II pumps to the WQCP via approximately 2,800 feet of 33-inch force main. The Shaw Road Pump Station No. 11 has recently been relocated slightly to the north and upgraded in capacity to approximately 24 million gallons per day (mgd). STORM DRAINAGE The existing drainage system in the Project vicinity is generally designed and constructed for industrial development, which has a high ratio of impervious surfaces. For example, the Project site's 25.02 acres are approximately 95% impervious surface. Stormwater runoff from the Project site begins as overland sheet flow on rooftops and paved surfaces. Runoff from the 1080 San Mateo property flows to a stormdrain along the eastern property boundary. This stormdrain runs north to south to a pump in the southeastern corner of the parcel which discharges to San Mateo Avenue. Runoff from the eastern side of the 1070 San Mateo parcel flows directly to the stormdrain along Shaw Road. Roof runoff from the southwestern portion of the building, along with runoff from the parking lot in the 6 Ibid Ibid 7 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 11-3 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT southwestern corner of the 1070 parcel flows by gravity in a stormdrain along the southern project boundary and discharges to the stormdrain along Shaw Road. SOLID WASTE Solid waste is collected from South San Francisco homes and businesses and then processed at the South San Francisco Scavenger Company's materials recovery facility and transfer station. Materials that cannot be recycled or composted are transferred to the Ox Mountain Sanitary Landfill, near Half Moon Bay. Browning-Ferris Industries, owner of the landfill, has a permit for forward expansion of the Corinda Los Trancos Canyon at Ox Mountain. When the permit expires in 2016, either Corinda Los Trancos will be expanded further or Apanolio Canyon will be opened for fill. The South San Francisco Scavenger Company's facility is permitted to receive a daily maximum of 1,250 tons per day of wastes and recyclable materials. This facility gives the Company increased capability to recover valuable materials from wastes, reducing the amount of waste being sent to the landfill. South San Francisco recycles both household and industrial solid waste and sewage sludge. With an expected buildout population of 67,000 residents in South San Francisco, the City will generate approximately 38,000 tons of solid waste each year, based on the assumed generation rates used by San Mateo County. REGULATORY SETTING Wastewater treatment and disposal in the City of South San Francisco is governed by laws, regulatory programs and policies established by the Federal government, the State of California, the San Francisco Bay RWQCB, and the City of South San Francisco. Most of the pertinent requirements affecting wastewater facilities for the proposed Proj ect are contained in the following: Federal Laws and Regulations Clean Water Act (CWA) The Clean Water Act (CW A) was enacted by Congress in 1972 and amended several times since its inception. It is the primary federal law regulating water quality in the United States, and forms the basis for several state and local laws throughout the country. Its objective is to reduce or eliminate water pollution in the nation's rivers, streams, lakes, and coastal waters. The CW A prescribed the basic federal laws for regulating discharges of pollutants as well as set minimum water quality standards for all waters of the United States. At the Federal level, the CW A is administered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EP A). At the state and regional level, the CW A is administered and enforced by the State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) and the Regional Water Quality Control Boards (RWQCBs). The State of California has developed a number of water quality laws, rules, and regulations to PAGE 11-4 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 11: UTILITIES assist in the implementation of the CW A and related Federally mandated water quality requirements. In many cases, the Federal requirements set minimum standards, and the laws, rules, and regulations adopted by the State and Regional Boards are more restrictive, i.e. more protective of the environment. State Laws and Regulations Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act The Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act establishes the SWRCB and the RWQCB as the principal state agencies having primary responsibility for coordinating and controlling water quality in California. The Porter-Cologne Act establishes the responsibility of the RWQCBs for adopting, implementing, and enforcing water quality control plans (Basin Plans), which set forth the state's water quality standards (i.e. beneficial uses of surface waters and groundwater) and the objectives or criteria necessary to protect those beneficial uses. San Francisco Bay Water Quality Control Plan (Basin Plan) The San Francisco Bay RWQCB is responsible for the development, adoption, and implementation of the Water Quality Control Plan (Basin Plan) for the San Francisco Bay region. The Basin Plan is the master policy document that contains descriptions of the legal, technical, and programmatic bases of water quality regulation in the San Francisco Bay Region. The Basin Plan identifies beneficial uses of surface waters and groundwater within its region and specifies effluent limitations, discharge prohibitions, and water quality objectives to maintain the existing potential beneficial uses of the waters. The proposed Proj ect is required to adhere to all applicable requirements of the Basin Plan. National Pollution Discharge Elimination System Permit Requirements The San Francisco-San Bruno WQCP operates under an NPDES permit issued by the State of California. One of the requirements of the permit is that the WQCP implement a Pretreatment Program to regulate the collection of toxic and hazardous wastes in municipal sewers. Under the Pretreatment Program, dischargers of industrial wastewater are required to abide by specific wastewater discharge limits and prohibitions. Industrial dischargers are also required to submit self-monitoring reports on the total volume and pollutant concentrations of their wastewater, and to allow for inspections by the City of South San Francisco. REASONABLE OCCUPANCY SCENARIO As indicated in Chapter 3 (Project Description), full development under the proposed Project is referred to as "buildout." Although the Proj ect intends to accommodate up to potentially eight (8) different land use types (within Buildings I through 5), as permitted in the M-I zone, the actual mix of tenants is unknown. Therefore, for purposes of CEQA, this chapter utilizes the Reasonable Occupancy Scenario identified in Table I of Appendix F, and which CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 11-5 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT has been slightly adjusted from that presented in Chapter 3 (Project Description), in order to account for and analyze the potential for occupancy by higher water consuming or wastewater generating land uses. IMPACT ANALYSIS STANDARDS OF SIGNIFICANCE The following thresholds for measuring a Project's environmental impacts are based upon CEQA Guidelines: I. Would the Project exceed wastewater treatment requirements of the applicable Regional Water Quality Control Board? 2. Would the Project require substantial expansion or alteration of the City's water or wastewater treatment and collection facilities of which would cause significant environmental effects? 3. Would the Proj ect require or result in the construction of new storm water drainage facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which would result in significant environmental effects? 4. Would the Project have sufficient water supplies available to serve the Project from existing entitlements and resources, or are new or expanded entitlements needed? 5. Would the Project result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider which serves or may serve the Project that it has adequate capacity to serve the Project's projected demand in addition to the provider's existing commitments? 6. Would the Project be served by a landfill with sufficient permitted capacity to accommodate the Project's solid waste disposal needs? 7. Would the Project comply with federal, state, and local statutes and regulations related to solid waste? 8. Would the Project violate applicable federal, state and local statutes and regulations relating to energy standards and/or would energy consumption increases resulting from the Project trigger the need or expanded off-site energy facilities? INCREASE IN WASTEWATER FLOWS Impact Util-l: Wastewater Generation and Infrastructure Capacity. The Project would contribute wastewater to the WQCP system, which has adequate treatment capacity. The line and facilities conveying Project wastewater are adequately sized to accommodate increased flows. However, the Project would utilize an existing 24-inch sewer line currently impeded by sediment and sewage. Therefore, the Project would have a potentially PAGE 11-6 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 11: UTILITIES significant impact relative to increased wastewater flows. As indicated in the Wet Utility Capacity Study by Hydroconsult Engineers (see Appendix F, Table 2), the Project's estimated wastewater flows would average approximately 85,000 gallons per day (gpd). With a peaking factor of 3 and an assumed 1/1 rate of 5%, this would result in peak flows from the Project of approximately 267,700 gpd or 0.414 cubic feet per second (cfs). The existing wastewater flows from the existing utilized warehouse building space are conservatively estimated at approximately 0.080 cfs, resulting in a net increase in peak flow of 0.334 cfs8 The proposed Project does not include specific plans for graywater recycling, on-site treatment, or any other method that would reduce its wastewater flows to the municipal system. The Proj ect would contribute both domestic sewage and industrial wastewater to the City of South San Francisco's municipal sewer system. It would have two waste disposal systems (a domestic sewer system and an industrial waste system) that would ultimately combine into one sewer line. The domestic sewer system would be used for discharges from restrooms, break rooms and other similar areas, while the industrial waste system would collect wastewater from laboratory sinks, fume hoods, floor drains, autoclaves, glass washers and other similar equipment. An outdoor sampling port would be located in the industrial waste system before the connection to the combined sewer but after any necessary pre-treatment on-site to enable monitoring by the City of South San Francisco. . Wastewater flows from Building 6 would be conveyed on-site in a new 6-inch sewer, discharging to an existing northerly flowing 8-inch diameter sewer located in an easement just east of San Mateo Avenue. Projected increases in peak daily sewage flows in this 8-inch line, as a result of the Project, are estimated to be approximately 0.001 cfs, a negligible increase. . Wastewater flows from Buildings I through 5 would discharge to a different location, the easterly flowing existing 8-inch diameter sewer, which discharges into the 24-inch diameter sewer in the manhole behind 310 Shaw Road. Projected increases in peak daily sewage flows in this 24-inch line, as a result of the Project, are estimated to be approximately 0.333 cfs. There are approximately nine other existing connections to the 24-inch diameter sewer other than the Project9 Combined, these existing users equate to approximately 850,000 square feet of building floor area. Assuming 75% building coverage by lot area (i.e., 25% parking), there is approximately 640,000 gross square feet (gsf) of existing building floor area contributing flows to the 24-inch sewer. Using the City's conservative estimate of 400 gallons per day (gpd) per 1000 gsf and a peaking factor of three (3), these existing 8 Wet Utility Capacity Study, by Hydroconsult Engineers, Inc., dated May 1, 2009. 9 Ibid. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 11-7 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT connections are contributing an estimated peak flow of approximately 1.28 cfs to the 24-inch diameter sewer. Adding the projected net increase in peak flow to this line from the Project (approximately 0.333 cfs) to the existing flows totals approximately 1.61 cfs peak flow to the 24-inch sewer. These existing and with-Project flows represent approximately 12% of the capacity of this 24-inch sewer line, which is estimated at 13.3 cfs. While there is adequate capacity in offsite sewers to accommodate the increase in flows resulting from the Project, the existing 24-inch sewer, to which Buildings I through 5 will discharge, is partially impeded by sediment and sewage. Mitigation Measure Util-l: Sewer Line Repair and/or Replacement. In the event that the City of San Bruno Public Works Director, in consultation with the City of South San Francisco Public Works Director, reasonably determines the Project's wastewater may degrade or further degrade the condition of the existing sanitary sewer line, the Project applicant, in consultation with the City of San Bruno and the City of South San Francisco, shall participate in any necessary repairs and/or replacement of the exiting 24-inch sanitary sewer line to accommodate the Project's wastewater. The City of San Bruno Public Works Director shall determine the extent to which such repairs or replacement is required. Implementation of the above mitigation measure would reduce the impact of Project wastewater to a level of less than significant through repair and/or replacement of a sewer line segment, thereby enabling adequate and functioning wastewater infrastructure. Additionally, the installation of this line would not result in any additional significant impacts beyond those already identified in the EIR. This approximately 840 linear foot segment of sewer line occurs in an urbanized environment consisting of asphalt and concrete parking lots behind and between existing buildings. WASTEWATER TREATMENT Wastewater flows from the proposed Project would include both domestic sewage and industrial wastes. The industrial wastewater at the Project site would be collected separately from the domestic sewage, and a sampling port would be installed in the industrial sewer line in accordance with the San Francisco-San Bruno WQCP Pretreatment Program. After the monitoring point, both wastewaters would be combined and routed through the City's sanitary sewers to the WQCP. The WQCP treats wastewater to secondary levels and discharges effiuent to the San Francisco Bay in accordance with RWQCB Waste Discharge Requirements. The Water Quality Control Plant (WQCP) treats flows from South San Francisco, San Bruno, and parts of Daly City and Colma. The facility also provides dechlorination and discharges PAGE 11-8 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 11: UTILITIES treated effluent from Burlingame, Millbrae, and SFO. The average dry weather flow to the WQCP in 2008 was 9.2 million gallons per day (mgd), the average for the last five years has been approximately 9.5 mgd. Average peak wet weather flows are 30 mgd. The WQCP has recently been upgraded from 9 to 13 mgd in dry weather and from 35 to 62 mgd in wet weather. South San Francisco has an allocation of WQCP capacity of 8.74 mgd, and is currently generating 5.6 mgd. This equates to an unused allocation of 3.14 mgd available for future growth, including the Proj ect. Therefore, since there is sufficient capacity in the treatment plant for the additional flows from the Project, estimated at approximately 0.268 mgd, the Project would have a less than significant impact relative to wastewater treatment capacity. WATER SUPPLY AND INFRASTRUCTURE The Project would lead to an increase in demand for potable water. Under the Project, the existing I-Yz inch CWSC meter will supply drip irrigation for the Project, and the existing 8- inch San Bruno meter will supply the domestic and fire service for the Project. Total Project domestic water demand is estimated at 93,481 gallons per day. 10 This increase in demand for potable water resulting from the Project can be fulfilled by the California Water Service Company and City of San Bruno, respectively, as stated in the South San Francisco General Plan.11 Additionally, the new demand can be accommodated with existing facilities or planned upgrades. The Project would, therefore, have a less than significant impact on water supplies and infrastructure with no mitigation warranted. STORM DRAINAGE INFRASTRUCTURE As referenced in Chapter 7 (Hydrology), the Project would re-direct some of the existing stormwater flows, yet would result in no increase in peak runoff from the site. The existing drainage system in the Project vicinity is generally designed and constructed for industrial development. Regardless, the Project will not result in an increase peak stormwater runoff from the site. Therefore, the Project will have a less than significant impact on storm drainage infrastructure with no mitigation warranted. LANDFILL CAPACITY The Project would be served by a landfill with sufficient permitted capacity to accommodate the Project's solid waste disposal needs, and would not require or result in construction of landfill facilities or expansion of existing facilities nor would it impede the ability of the City to meet the applicable federal, state and local statutes and regulations related to solid waste. The Project would have a less than significant impact with no mitigation warranted. 10 Wet Utility Capacity Study, by Hydroconsult Engineers, Inc., dated May 1, 2009. 11 Page 194, City of South San Francisco, City of South San Francisco General Plan, 1999. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 11-9 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT The City of South San Francisco's solid waste is transported to the Ox Mountain Landfill Facility, which has a permit to receive waste until 2016.12 Upon expiration of the permit, either Corinda Los Trancos will be expanded further or Apanolio Canyon will be opened for fill. Given the large amount of space still available at Ox Mountain, and the option of opening Apanolio Canyon after Ox Mountain is no longer available, the Project would have a less than significant impact on solid waste service capacity with no mitigation warranted. ENERGY The Project would have an incremental increase in the demand for gas and electrical power given the increase in development on the Project site. However, the Project is expected to be served with existing capacity and would not require or result in construction of new energy facilities or expansion of existing off-site facilities and would not violate applicable federal, state and local statutes and regulations relating to energy standards. The Project would have a less than significant impact relating to energy consumption with no mitigation warranted. The Project proposes renovation of an existing building and construction of five (5) new building for combined total of 622,048 square feet over what is currently on the Project site. Overall, the level of energy required for a Project ofthis size and type would not be expected to violate applicable federal, state and local statues and regulations relating to energy standards or exceed PG&E service capacity or require new or expanded off-site facilities. The Project would be required by the City to comply with all standards of Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations, aimed at the incorporation of energy-conserving design and construction. PG&E infrastructure exists on the Project site, and any improvements and extensions required to accommodate the Project would be determined in consultation with PG&E prior to installation. As a result, although the Project would incrementally increase energy consumption, the Project would have a less than significant impact related to the provision of energy services. CUMULATIVE UTILITIES IMPACTS As discussed previously in this chapter, the Project would result in less than significant project-level effects on the ability of the City of South San Francisco and other service providers to effectively deliver water supply, sanitary sewer, stormwater drainage, solid waste, and energy services to the Project site. The Project site is located in a largely built-out, urban area where utility services are currently provided. While the proposed Project, as well as other foreseeable projects in the area, would increase demand for utilities and service systems, intensification of development in the area is, and has been, anticipated by the City and service providers and the proj ect lies well within what is planned for the future capacity ofthese systems. 12 Page 258, City of South San Francisco, City of South San Francisco General Plan, 1999. PAGE 11-10 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 11: UTILITIES Consequently, the increased development resulting from the Project, in conjunction with other foreseeable development in the area, would not result in cumulative impacts on utilities and service systems and would be considered less than significant with identified project- level mitigation measures. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 11-11 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT This page intentionally left blank PAGE 11-12 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT 12 CUMA TE CHANGE INTRODUCTION This chapter discusses the Project's potential impacts relative to global climate change. Global climate change refers to alterations in weather features which occur across the Earth as a whole, such as temperature, wind patterns, precipitation, and storms. Global temperatures are modulated by naturally occurring atmospheric gases, such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. These gases allow sunlight into the Earth's atmosphere, but prevent radiative heat from escaping into outer space, thus altering the Earth's energy balance in a phenomenon called the greenhouse effect. SETTING GREENHOUSE GASES Global Climate Change is a long-term substantial change in the average weather on earth, as often measured by wind patterns, storms, precipitation and temperature. The science of global climate change is evolving and remains subject to extensive debate and uncertainties, however, recent reports from the United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have concluded that global climate change is likely due, at least partially, to emissions of "greenhouse gasses" (GHGs) from human activity.! Greenhouse gasses are most frequently produced by the burning of fossil fuels for transportation and electricity generation, and include carbon dioxide (C02), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N20), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), and water vapor (H20). They allow sunlight to enter the atmosphere, but trap a portion of the outward-bound infrared radiation, thereby warming the air. The process is similar to the effect greenhouses have in raising the internal temperature, hence the name greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases have varying global warming potential (GWP). The GWP is the potential 1 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Working Group I: The Physical Basis of Climate Change, http://ipcc-wgl.ucar.edu/wgliwg1-report.html, website accessed July 2,2007. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 12-1 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT of a gas or aerosol to trap heat in the atmosphere; it is the cumulative radiative forcing effects of a gas over a specified time horizon resulting from the emission of a unit mass of gas relative to a reference gas. Because it contributes to over 80% of U. S. greenhouse gas emissions, carbon dioxide is the reference gas for climate change. To account for the warming potential of greenhouse gases, greenhouse gas emissions are often quantified and reported as CO2 equivalents (C02E). The carbon dioxide equivalent is a good way to assess emissions because it gives weight to the GWP of the gas. Large emission sources are reported in million metric tons of C02E (MMTC02E). A summary of the atmospheric lifetime and GWP of selected gases is summarized in the Table 12-1 below. As shown in the table, GWP ranges from I to 23,900. TABLE 12-1 GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIALS (100-YEAR TIME HORIZON) Atmospheric Lifetime Global Warming Potential Gas (years) (100 year time horizon) Carbon Dioxide 50-200 Methane 12 ct 3 21 Nitrous Oxide 120 310 HFC-23 264 11700 HFC-134a 14.6 1300 HFC-152a 1.5 140 PFC: Tetrafluoromethane (CF4) 50000 6500 PFC: Hexafluoromethane (~F,) 10000 9200 Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF,) 3200 23900 Source: us. EPA, Inventory of us. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks (2007) According to the 2006 California Climate Action Team Report,2 the following climate change effects, which are based on the IPCC trends, can be expected in California over the course ofthe next century: . A diminishing Sierra snowpack declining by 70 percent to 90 percent, threatening the state's water supply; . Increasing temperatures from 8 to 10.4 degrees Fahrenheit under the higher emission scenarios, leading to a 25 percent to 35 percent increase in the number of days ozone pollution levels are exceeded in most urban areas; 2 California Environmental Protection Agency, Climate Action Team Report to Governor Schwarzenegger and the Legislature, March 2006. PAGE 12-2 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 12: CUMATE CHANGE . Increased vulnerability of forests due to pest infestation and increased temperatures; and . Increased electricity demand, particularly in the hot summer months. Additionally, health effects from global climate change may arise from temperature increases, climate-sensitive diseases, extreme events, and air quality. There may be direct temperature effects through increases in average temperature leading to more extreme heat waves and less extreme cold spells. Those living in warmer climates are likely to experience more stress and heat-related problems. Heat related problems include heat rash and heat stroke. In addition, climate sensitive diseases may increase, such as those spread by mosquitoes and other disease carrying insects. Those diseases include malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, and encephalitis. Extreme events such as flooding and hurricanes can displace people and agriculture, which would have negative consequences. Global warming may also contribute to air quality problems from increased frequency of smog and particulate air pollution. Like the science of global climate change, the law surrounding its impacts is still evolving. Currently, neither CEQA nor the implementing Guidelines expressly require analysis of a project's GHG emissions or impacts on global climate change. This is likely to change, however, following the adoption of Senate Bill (SB) 97, discussed in more detail below. Though not required under CEQA, the following analysis evaluates the proposed project's GHG impacts. REGULATORY SETTING Federal Standards To date, the federal government has not adopted any legislation regulating emissions of greenhouse gases. State Standards The State of California has been proactive in studying the impacts of climate change. In 2005, in recognition of California's vulnerability to the effects of climate change, Governor Schwarzenegger issued Executive Order S-3-05, which sets forth a series of target dates by which statewide emission of greenhouse gas would be progressively reduced, as follows: . By 2010, reduce greenhouse gas emissions to 2000 levels; . By 2020, reduce greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels; and . By 2050, reduce greenhouse gas emissions to 80 percent below 1990 levels. In 2006, the State Legislature passed the California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 (Assembly Bill No. 32; California Health and Safety Code Division 25.5, Sections 38500, et CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 12-3 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT seq., or AB 32), which requires the California Air Resources Board (CARB) to design and implement emission limits, regulations, and other measures, such that feasible and cost- effective statewide greenhouse gas emissions are reduced to 1990 levels by 2020 (representing an approximate 25 percent reduction in emissions). CARE Early Actions In June 2007 CARB directed staff to pursue 37 early actions for reducing greenhouse gas emissions under the California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 (AB 32). The broad spectrum of strategies to be developed - including a Low Carbon Fuel Standard, regulations for refrigerants with high global warming potentials, guidance and protocols for local governments to facilitate greenhouse gas reductions, and green ports - reflects that the serious threat of climate change requires action as soon as possible3. In addition to approving the 37 greenhouse gas reduction strategies, CARB directed staff to further evaluate early action recommendations made at the June 2007 meeting, and to report back to CARB within six months. Since the June 2007 CARB hearing, CARB staff has evaluated all 48 recommendations submitted by several stakeholder and several internally- generated staff ideas and published the Expanded List of Early Action Measures To Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions In California Recommended For Board Consideration in October 20074 Based on its additional analysis, CARB staff is recommending the expansion of the early action list to a total of 44 measures. Nine of the strategies meet the AB 32 definition of discrete early action measures. Discrete early action measures are measures that will be in place and enforceable by January 1,2010. The discrete early action items include: (1) a low carbon fuel standards for ethanol, biodiesel, hydrogen, electricity, compressed natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas and biogas; (2) restrictions on high global warming potential refrigerants; (3) landfill methane capture, (4) Smartway truck efficiency; (5) port electrification; (6) reduction of perfluorocarbons from the semiconductor industry; (7) reduction of propellants in consumer products; (8) tire inflation; and (9) sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6) reductions from non-electricity sector. The entire list of early action strategies is shown in Table 12-2 below. In total, the 44 recommended early actions have the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by at least 42 million metric tons of carbon dioxide (C02) equivalent (MMTC02E) emissions by 2020, representing about 25% of the estimated reductions needed by 20205 The 44 measures are in the sectors of fuels, transportation, forestry, agriculture, education, 3 California Air Resources Board, September 2007, Draft List of Early Action Measures To Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions In California Recommended For Board Consideration. 4 California Air Resources Board, October 2007, Expanded List of Early Action Measures To Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions In California Recommended For Board Consideration. 5 Ibid. PAGE 12-4 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 12: CLIMATE CHANGE energy efficiency, commercial, solid waste, cement, oil and gas, electricity, and fire suppression. The 2020 target reductions are currently estimated to be 174 MMTC02E6 CARB has approved a 1990 emissions inventory and 2020 limit of 427 MMTC02E.7 In addition to identifying early actions to reduce greenhouse gases, CARB has also developed mandatory greenhouse gas reporting regulations pursuant to requirements of AB 32. The regulations will require reporting for facilities that make up the bulk of the stationary source emissions in California. The regulations identify major facilities as those that generate more than 25,000 MMTC02E/yr. Cement plants, oil refineries, electric generating facilities/providers, co-generation facilities, and hydrogen plants and other stationary combustion sources that emit more than 25,000 MMTC02E/yr, make up 94 percent of the point source CO2 emissions in California8 CARE Scoping Plan AB 32 further requires ARB to prepare a Scoping Plan that contains the main strategies California will use to reduce the GHGs that contribute to climate change. In June 2008, ARB released an initial draft of the Scoping Plan9 In October 2008, ARB released a Proposed Scoping Plan. The Scoping Plan was adopted by the Air Resources Board on December II, 2008. The Scoping Plan contains a series of recommended actions to reduce GHG emissions that will provide the framework for development of specific regulations that will be adopted by January 2011 and enforceable by January 2012. The key elements of the Proposed Scoping Plan include: . Expanding and strengthening existing energy efficiency programs as well as building and appliance standards; . Achieving a statewide renewable energy mix of33 percent; . Developing a California cap-and-trade program that links with other Western Climate Initiative partner programs to create a regional market system; . Establishing targets for transportation-related greenhouse gas emiSSIOns for regions throughout California, and pursuing policies and incentives to achieve those targets; 6 Ibid. 7 State of California Air Resources Board Res. NO.07-55 (Dec. 6, 2007); Available for download at http://www.arb.ca.gov /cc/inventory/1990level/arb Jes07-55 _1990 _ghg_levelpdf 8 California Air Resources Board, December 6, 2007, Mandatory Reporting of California greenhouse gas Emissions, Presentation in El Monte, California. 9 California Air Resources Board. 2008. Climate Change Draft Scoping Plan: aframeworkfor change. June 2008. CENTRLlM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 12-5 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT . Adopting and implementing measures pursuant to existing State laws and policies, including California's clean car standards, goods movement measures, and the Low Carbon Fuel Standard; and . Creating targeted fees, including a public goods charge on water use, fees on high global warming potential gases, and a fee to fund the administrative costs of the State's long term commitment to AB 32 implementation. TABLE 12-2: RECOMMENDED AB32 GREENHOUSE GAS MEASURES ID# Sector Strategy Name ID# Sector Strategy Name SF 6 reductions from the 000- 1 Fuels Above Ground Storage Tanks 23 Commercial electric sector Diesel- Offroad equipment 2 Transportation (non-agricultural) 24 Transportation Tire inflation program 3 Forestry Forestry protocol endorsement 25 Transportation Cool automobile paints 4 Transportation Diesel- Port trucks 26 Cement Cement (A): Blended cements Diesel- Vessel main engine Cement (B): Energy efficiency of 5 Transportation fuel specifications 27 Cement California cement facilities Diesel- Commercial harbor Ban on HFC release from Motor 6 Transportation craft 28 Transportation Vehicle AC service / dismantling Diesel- Off-road equipment 7 Transportation Green ports 29 Transportation (agricultural) Manure management (methane Add AC leak tightness test and 8 Agriculture digester protocol) 30 Transportation repair to Smog Check Local Gov. Greenhouse Gas (GHG) reduction guidance / Research on GHG reductions 9 Education protocols 31 Agriculture from nitrogen land applications Business GHG reduction Specifications for commercial 10 Education guidance / protocols 32 Commercial refrigeration Reduction in venting / leaks from 11 Energy Efficiency Cool communities program 33 Oil and Gas oil and gas systems Reduce high Global Warming Potential (GWP) GHGs in Requirement of low-GWP GHGs 12 Commercial products 34 Transportation for ne\V Motor Vehicle ACs Reduction ofPFCs from Hybridization of medium and 13 Commercial semiconductor industry 35 Transportation heavy-duty diesel vehicles Reduction of SF 6 in electricity 14 Transportation SmartWaytruck efficiency 36 Electricity generation Low Carbon Fuel Standard High GWP refrigerant tracking, 15 Transportation (LCFS) 37 Commercial reporting and recovery program Reduction ofHFC-134a from DIY Motor Vehicle AC Foam recovery / destruction 16 Transportation servicing 38 Commercial program Alternative suppressants in fire 17 Waste Improved landfill gas capture 39 Fire Suppression protection systems Gasoline dispenser hose Strengthen light-duty vehicle 18 Fuels replacement 40 Transportation standards Truck stop electrification with 19 Fuels Portable outboard marine tanks 41 Transportation incentives for truckers Standards for off-cycle driving 20 Transportation conditions 42 Transportation Diesel- Vessel speed reductions Diesel- Privately owned on- Transportation refrigeration - 21 Transportation road trucks 43 Transportation electric standby Electrification of stationary 22 Transportation Anti-idling enforcement 44 Agriculture agricultural engines Source: California Air Resources Board, October 2007, Expanded List of Early Action Measures To Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions In California Recommended For Board Consideration. PAGE 12-6 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 12: CLIMATE CHANGE Senate Bill 97 Senate Bill 97 (SB 97), enacted in 2007, amends the CEQA statute to direct the California Office of Planning and Research (OPR) to develop draft CEQA guidelines for the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions or the effects of greenhouse gas emissions by July I, 2009. It also directs the Resources Agency to certify and adopt these CEQA guidelines by January I, 2010. On April 13, 2009, OPR submitted to the Secretary for Natural Resources its proposed amendments to the CEQA guidelines for greenhouse gas emissions, as required by Senate Bill 97. The draft CEQA guidelines for the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions, which have not been adopted at the time this DEIR was published, grant lead agencies discretion to establish thresholds of significance for GHG emissions, but require agencies to make a good-faith effort, based on available information, to describe, calculate or estimate the amount of greenhouse gas emissions resulting from a project. The guidelines further direct lead agencies to consider feasible means of mitigating GHG emissions, which measures may include existing plans or mitigation programs, existing project features or design elements, or other off-site measures. OPR CEQA and Climate Change Technical Advisory In June 2008, OPR released a technical advisory document providing a recommended approach to addressing climate change in CEQA documents. It recommends that lead agencies develop an approach that follows three basic steps for analysis: (I) identify and quantify GHG emissions; (2) assess the significance of the impact on climate change; and (3) if the impact is significant, identify mitigation measures and/or alternatives to reduce the impact to a less than significant level. OPR recommends that lead agencies undertake a good- faith effort, based on available scientific and technical information, to estimate GHG emissions from a proj ect. OPR specifically identifies vehicle traffic, energy consumption, water usage, and construction as potential sources of GHG emissions. OPR recognizes that establishing a threshold of significance for GHG emissions is "perhaps the most difficult part of the climate change analysis," and has asked ARB technical staff to recommend a statewide threshold of significance for GHG emissions. While this statewide threshold is pending, OPR recommends that lead agencies "undertake a project-by-project analysis, consistent with available guidance and current CEQA practice" to determine the significance of impacts. The Technical Advisory also notes that while "climate change is ultimately a cumulative impact, not every individual project that emits GHGs must necessarily be found to contribute to a significant cumulative impact on the environment." Most importantly, OPR advises that a significance threshold of no new GHG emissions is not required. OPR recognizes that a significance standard can be qualitative or quantitative. If a lead agency determines a project will have a significant impact due to GHG emissions, it should consider alternatives or mitigation measures to reduce or offset project emissions. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 12-7 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT The OPR Technical Advisory notes that the most difficult part of a climate change analysis is the determination of significance since there are no established regulatory thresholds for GHGs from the State, air quality management districts or any other sources. Until the issuance of amended CEQA Guidelines addressing GHG impacts (scheduled for release in January 2010), the determination of a GHG threshold is left to the lead agency. On October 24, 2008, ARB staff released a document entitled Preliminary Draft Staff Proposal - Recommended Approaches for Setting Interim Significance Thresholds for GHGs under CEQA. 10 This Preliminary Draft document contains guidelines for the development of significance thresholds for certain types of projects. The draft proposal identifies types of approaches, but does not contain defined standards. For residential projects, the proposal includes a mixture of undefined performance standards for energy use, water use, waste and transportation, and an unspecified quantitative threshold for the amount of emissions below which impacts would be considered less than significant. At this time, the Preliminary Draft is out for public review and comment. ARB held a public workshop to receive to public comments in December 2008. It is unknown if OPR will include any ARB recommendations on significance thresholds in its proposed revisions to the CEQA Guidelines. It also is unknown if the Resources Agency will ultimately adopt the ARB-proposed thresholds when and ifthey are finalized. IMPACT ANALYSIS STANDARDS OF SIGNIFICANCE As discussed above, at this time there are no adopted statewide guidelines for greenhouse gas emission impacts, but this will be addressed through the provisions of Senate Bill 97 ("SB 97"), which was enacted in 2007. SB 97 requires that OPR to develop CEQA guidelines for the effects and mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. The guidelines will not be available until after OPR fulfills the deadline of July I, 2009 to draft the new greenhouse gas guidelines, and the State Resources Agency will thereafter have until January I, 2010 to certify and adopt the regulations. At the time of this DEIR's publication, the State Resources Agency had not certified and adopted the regulations. Although there is currently no adopted threshold to evaluate potential GHG impacts for this Project, the Project would be considered to have a significant impact if it would conflict with or obstruct implementation of greenhouse gas reduction measures under AB 32 and other state regulations. Three types of analyses are used to determine whether the project could be in conflict with the State measures for reducing greenhouse gas emissions: 1. Whether the Project conflicts with or obstructs implementation of CARB's 44 10 See ARB website (http://www.opLca.gov/ceqa/pdfsiPrelim_Draft_ StafC Proposal_IO-24-08.pdf). PAGE 12-8 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 12: CLIMATE CHANGE early action strategies. The Project would not, by nature of its expected land use, associated activities, and existing, built-out context, result in greenhouse gases falling under the sectors and action items listed in Table 12-1 above. Most of the early action strategies pertain to other land use types (e.g., agriculture, cement facilities), regulation or standard changes (e.g., Low Carbon Fuel Standard), new regulatory agency educational programs (e.g., local government and business GHG reduction protocols), or new technologies or products (e.g., hybridization of medium and heavy-duty vehicles). Despite the Project's inapplicability to many ARB early action strategies, Mitigation Measure Air-3a would, however, achieve the substantive content of ARE early action strategy No. 22 (Anti-idling Enforcement). Therefore, given the above, no conflict would result. 2. Whether the Project's volume of emissions trigger the need to report greenhouse gas emissions to the state (i.e., emissions of at least 25,000 metric tons of C02E/yr)11. As noted above the 25,000 metric ton limit identifies the large stationary point sources in California that make up 94 percent of the stationary emissions. If a Project's total emissions are below this limit, its total emissions are equivalent in volume to the smaller projects in California that as a group only make up six percent of all stationary emissions. The Project's estimated yearly emissions of CO2 are 6,497.55 ton/2 This figure is well below the reduction state goal and reporting limit for major facilities. Not surprisingly, the Project does not constitute a "major facility" that is a large stationary point source of emissions. 3. Whether elements of the Project, recommended mitigation measures, and required City policies and requirements that contribute to the efficiency of the Project and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Most projects will include project components and/or mitigation measures that may not be intended to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but will nonetheless have this effect. Similarly, many City policies and requirements, such as traffic demand management programs, may also operate to improve the efficiency and reduce emissions associated with the project. An analysis of a project's impact on climate change should consider such elements, measures, and requirements. As discussed in the Air Quality and Traffic chapters of this document, the Project includes a Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Plan. The TDM Plan, required by City Ordinance for the life of the Project, is required to achieve a 11 The State of California has not provided guidance as to quantitative significance thresholds for assessing the impact of greenhouse gas emissions on climate change and global warming concerns. Nothing in the CEQA Guidelines directly addresses this issue. See Appendix C, URBEMIS 2007 emission calculations. 12 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 12-9 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT 30% alternative transportation mode-use by tenant employees. This would serve to reduce emissions related to employee vehicle use commuting to and from work. Additionally, the enhanced measures to reduce construction exhaust (Jvfitigated Measure Air-i) would also reduce greenhouse gas emissions resulting from, for example, the use of alternative fuels, electrical service for powered equipment and reduced diesel engine idling times frames. Because the project would not conflict with or obstruct achievement of ARB's early action strategies, would not exceed, or even approach, the threshold for mandatory emissions reporting, and would incorporate a number of project elements, mitigation measures, and City requirements that would operate to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the project would have a less-than-significant impact on climate change. PAGE 12-10 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT 13 AL lERNA liVES INTRODUCTION The California Environmental Quality Act Guidelines (CEQA Guidelines, 1970, as amended, Section 15126.6) require an EIR to include a discussion of a reasonable range of alternatives to the proposed Project. The CEQA Guidelines also require that the EIR explain why specific project alternatives considered at one time in developing the project proposal were rejected in favor ofthe proposed Project. The selection of alternatives is to be guided by the provision of reasonable choices and the promotion of informed decision making and public participation. An EIR need not evaluate alternatives that would have effects that cannot be determined or for which implementation would be remote and speculative. The CEQA Guidelines also require that the EIR specifically evaluate a "No Project" alternative and that an "environmentally superior" alternative be identified (Section 15126.6 [e]). The proposed Project is described in Chapter 3 of this EIR (Project Description) and its' environmental effects are addressed in the trailing Chapters 4 through 12. This chapter transitions to a discussion ofthe following two alternatives: . No Proiect Alternative - Retention of the Project site in its current state, as articulated in the existing setting discussion of Chapter 3 (Project Description). In summary, this includes: (a) private, off-site parking facility serving patrons of the San Francisco International Airport; and (b) 77,477 sq. ft. of floor area, within an existing 571,748 sq.ft. single-story building, occupied by the United States Postal Service (USPS) year round. . Reduced Intensitv Alternative - Remodel of existing Building I including use of its entire approximate 571,748 square feet of floor area, elimination of proposed new Building Nos. I through 5, and construction of proposed new Building No.6 including 9,100 square feet of floor area. These alternatives were selected based on the following factors: . The extent to which the alternative would accomplish most of the basic project objectives; . The extent to which the alternative would avoid or lessen any of the identified significant environmental effects ofthe project (discussed in Chapters 4 through II); CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 13-1 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT . The potential feasibility ofthe alternative (as discussed in this Chapter); and . The extent to which the alternative contributes to a "reasonable range" of alternatives necessary to permit a reasoned choice. The proposed Proj ect results in modification and expansion of an existing land use that is, in both the before and after situations, compliant with both the City's General Plan and Zoning Ordinance. For this reason, alternative locations are not considered in this analysis. Alternate locations could not accomplish the city's adopted land use policy direction for the Lindenville planning sub-area. PROJECT OBJECTIVES CEQA requires the analysis of alternatives that would feasibly attain "most of the basic objectives of the project but would avoid or substantially lessen any of the significant effects of the project.,,1 Therefore, the Project's stated objectives can be used as a metric against which an alternative can be measured when determining overall feasibility. 2 CEQA requires the evaluation of a proposed Project to address impacts to the physical environment. Economic and social effects can be analyzed only as one link in a chain of cause and effect from a proposed decision (e.g., physical changes caused, in turn, buy economic and social changes)3 However, economic viability can be considered when determining the feasibility of a Project alternative4 Applicant objectives are often expressed in terms of economic viability. Therefore, economic viability, as expressed in the Project objectives, can be considered among the factors for accepting or rejecting a considered alternative. The following are applicant and city objectives that are fulfilled by the proposed Project (also outlined on Page 3-9 of this document). Alternatives will be evaluated in part based on their ability to meet these objectives. 1. Upgrade the existing outdated warehouse/distribution site for use as a modernized warehouse/distribution and light industrial site that can serve the San Francisco Peninsula. 2. Generate an option for non-conforming uses in other South San Francisco locations to relocate, freeing up valuable Bio- Tech development potential elsewhere. 1 CEQA Guidelines, Section 15126.6 (a) 2 Ibid, Section 15126.6 (a) 3 Ibid., Section 15131. 4 Ibid, Section 15126.6(1)(1). PAGE 13-2 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 1 3 : ALTERNATIVES 3. Develop a modernized Project that provides for continued operation of an older industrial building with warehousing/distribution services and light industrial uses consistent with the M-I Zoning and Mixed Industrial General Plan designation for the site. 4. Create a Project that generates long-term employment opportunities for residents of the City of South San Francisco, as well as short-term construction jobs. 5. Enhance the appearance of an existing property with high quality design that will improve the streetscape and visual quality along San Mateo Boulevard. 6. Generate revenue that will contribute to the City's fiscal health. 7. Attract new small businesses to the area by providing modern small space in the new buildings. 8. Improve existing storm water management through landscaping to improve water quality. 9. Create a pedestrian-friendly environment throughout the site with landscape buffers, trees, and seating areas. ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS Development of the proposed Project would result in significant or potentially significant impacts to the following resources (before mitigation): . Air Quality . Geology and Soils . Hazards and Hazardous Materials . Hydrology . Noise . Transportation and Circulation Most of the potentially significant impacts can be reduced to less than significant levels through incorporation of mitigation measures. The following analysis presents the alternative that was considered for the proposed Project. The alternative is examined for its ability to reduce environmental impacts relative to the proposed Project, feasibility of implementation, and ability to meet most basic Project objectives. The two alternatives considered in this EIR would all have the same or only slightly lessened impacts on Traffic and Circulation and Air Quality than the proposed Proj ect. Impacts in the other topic areas of Aesthetics, Geology and Soils, Hazardous Materials, Noise, and Utilities would be the same or minimally reduced by these alternatives. Table 13-3 at the end of this CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 13-3 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT Chapter shows a summary comparison of the impacts of these alternatives, while a more detailed discussion of each alternative is provided below. NO PROJECT ALTERNATIVE Description Under the No Project Alternative, the Project site would remain as it is today, with one existing one-story building totaling 571,748 square feet providing for a warehouse and distribution land use and a separate airport parking lot. The No Project Alternative assumes the proposed Project would not be approved. While it is possible the site will be redeveloped at some future point even if a project does not proceed at this time, there is no reason to believe this would happen in the near-term or that new development would necessarily be more intensive than the existing development. Therefore, the No Project Alternative presumes the site would remain in its current state. Impact Analvsis The No Project Alternative would not involve any change to the Project site, either in terms of physical changes or increased occupancy of existing floor area within Building I, and so would not introduce any new environmental impacts. The impacts associated with the existing Project site constitute the baseline for evaluation in this EIR (See Page 3-1 to 3-4). Therefore, this baseline situation results in no new impacts. However, leaving the site in its current state would avoid all construction-related impacts as demolition, grading, and construction. Because the No Project Alternative would not involve modifications to the existing developed site condition, it would not improve landscaping to levels aesthetically consistent with other modern development in the area and as required in applicable land use regulations. TABLE 13-1. TRIP GENERATION - No PROJECT ALTERNATIVE Occupied Building Square Footage Daily Trips Project 624,048 5,510 No Project Alternative 77,477 276 Notes: See Chapter 10; Traffic, Tnp GeneratIOn Table 10-5. No reductIOns from the TDM program are shown for tlllS companson as TDM reductions are targeted at peak hours rather than daily rates. Trips from the off-site airport parking facilities are not included since the ITE Trip Generation Manual provides no method for estimating total daily trips. PAGE 13-4 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 1 3 : ALTERNATIVES Abilitv to Accomplish Proiect Obiectives The No Project Alternative would not change the existing condition of the site, and so would not meet any of the Project's basic objectives to the same degree as the proposed Project. The No Project Alternative would not upgrade or expand existing warehouse and distribution uses, might provide for different land uses consistent with the site's existing zoning, and would not accomplish General Plan policy to, "Provide for continued operation of older industrial and service commercial businesses at specific locations.,,5 Similarly, the No Project Alternative would not fulfill General Plan policy to, "Ensure that a full range of industrial uses continue to be permitted as conforming uses on sites designated as Mixed Industrial in the General Plan,,,6 nor would it provide new jobs or increased revenues. This alternative would also prevent the establishment of additional landscaping and design improvements that are being proposed for the site by the Project applicant to further meet the city-wide design guidelines. REDUCED INTENSITY ALTERNATIVE Description Floor Area Ratio (FAR) is a measurement of the intensity of development calculated by dividing the total square footage ofthe building by the total square footage ofthe site. A one- story building that covers 100% of a site would have an FAR of I as would a two-story building that covers only 50% of a site. This analysis considers a reduced FAR ofthe Project. Under this alternative, the Project's FAR would be reduced from the currently proposed 0.57 FAR for a total 624,048 square feet of building space, to an FAR of 0.53 for a total square 580,848 square feet of building space. This Alternative represents the retention of existing Building I and construction of the proposed, new Building 6. This Alternative also includes removal of proposed new Buildings I through 5 for a total FAR reduction of 7% as compared to the proposed Project. Under this alternative the 571,748 sq.ft. of floor area of existing Building I would become fully occupied by: (I) 343,048 sq. ft. of General Light Industrial; and (2) 228,699 sq.ft. of Wholesaling, Storage and Distribution: Light. Building 6 would be constructed and occupied, as contemplated under the proposed Project, as follows: (I) 1,500 sq. ft. of Eating and Drinking Establislunents (Convenience and Limited); (2) 1,000 sq.ft. of Convenience Sales; and (3) 6,600 sq.ft. of Business and Professional Services. Impact Analvsis The impact analysis below focuses on those impacts that were determined to be potentially 5 City of South San Francisco, General Plan, Policy 2-G-4. 6 City of South San Francisco, General Plan, Policy 3.2-1-1. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 13-5 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT significant under the proposed Project. Less than significant impacts are discussed only if implementation ofthe alternative will substantially increase the impact. Impact Summarv Reduced development intensity proposed under this Alternative would produce only slightly fewer vehicle trips and less air pollutant emissions. However, the Alternative's traffic levels would not be sufficiently reduced reduce impacts to a less than significant level. Rather, like the proposed Proj ect, the Reduced Intensity Alternative would also result in significant and unavoidnble impacts relative to cumulative air quality and transportation and circulations. Reduced square footage would result in a shorter construction phase so a reduced impact related to construction noise and diesel emissions from construction vehicles. Reduced square footage would also be expected to result in a reduced number of workers/level of operations so would translate to a reduction in the operational use of hazardous materials and potential for hazardous materials-related impacts. A reduction in the number of workers on site would also slightly reduce impacts related to geological events that could pose a danger to people as there would be fewer people on site. Overall, this Alternative would be environmentally superior to the proposed Project. Air Quality While the building size would be reduced under this Alternative, the footprint of the buildings would be expected to remain the same. Therefore, this Alternative would result in the same or similar air quality impacts related to construction activities at the site as the proposed Project and mitigation measure Air-I would be required to reduce the impact to a less-than-significant level. Because this Alternative would result in only slightly fewer vehicle trips to the Project site than the proposed Project, air quality impacts associated with vehicle trips would only be slightly less than those identified under the proposed Project. The Project's maximum total daily emissions would occur during the winter are estimated at 40.66 pounds per day (Ibs/day) for ROG, 112.43 Ibs/day for NOx, and 52.87 Ibs/day for PMlO. The Project maximum total yearly emissions are estimated at 7.11 pounds per day (Ibs/day) for ROG, 17.22 Ibs/day for NOx, and 9.64 Ibs/day for PMlO. URBEMIS 2007 (version 9.2.4) model estimates for this Alternative's worst case daily winter emission results in amounts of39.25 Ibs./day for ROG, 110.65 Ibs./day for NOx, and 52.18 Ibs./day for PMlO. Yearly emission estimates equal 6.85 tons/year for ROG, 16.94 tons/year for NOx, and 9.52 tons/year for PMlO. NOx emissions for both the proposed Project and Reduced Intensity Alternative are above the threshold of significance. As with the proposed Project, the ability of Mitigation Measures Air-3a, Air-3b to reduce impacts below the threshold of significance can not be determined with certainty. Therefore, PAGE 13-6 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 1 3 : ALTERNATIVES for cumulative air quality impacts, the Reduced Intensity Alternative would also result in a significant and unavoidable impact. Geology and Soils Impacts to the exposure of people and/or structures to strong seismic groundshaking and the effects of liquefaction, densification, and settlement would be slightly reduced under this Alternative as compared to the proposed Project due to the fact that fewer people would be employed at the Project site, thereby slightly reducing the risk of human injury. Mitigation measures Geo-Ia, Geo-I b and Geo-Ic would be required to reduce these impacts to less than significant levels. Impacts related to increases in erosion during the construction phase of the Project and the potential for differential settlement due to unstable soils would be the same as those described for the proposed Project. It is assumed that while there would be less new square footage constructed under this Alternative, the footprint of the Project would not substantially change. As a result, no decreases in the potential for erosion or the exposure of structures to differential settlements would be realized by this Alternative. Mitigations Geo- 2a, Geo-2b, Geo-3 and Geo-4 would be required to reduce these impacts to less than significant levels. Hazards and Hazardous Materials Impacts related to the potential for accidental upset, release, and environmental contamination of hazardous materials during proj ect operation, and the potential impacts on nearby sensitive receptors would be slightly reduced under this Alternative as compared to the proposed Project due to the fact that reduction in building size would reduce industrial activities on site with fewer employees and decreased use of hazardous materials. Mitigation measures Haz-Ia through Haz-If and Haz-2b would be required to reduce impacts to less- than-significant levels. Similar to the proposed Project, this Alternative would result in impacts related to construction such as release of hazardous materials from structure materials during demolition, fugitive contaminated dust during grading and construction, potential contact with contaminated soils and groundwater, and the potential impacts on the nearby children's center. It is assumed that while there would be less square footage constructed under this Alternative, the footprint of the buildings would not change. Therefore, hazardous materials impacts related to construction would remain the same as with the proposed Project with the following mitigation measures required to reduce impacts to less-than-significant levels: Haz-2a, Haz-2c, Haz-3a and Haz-3b. Hydrology While the square footage on the Project site under this Alternative would be reduced by approximately 7%, the project footprint would not substantially change under this CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 13-7 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT Alternative. As a result, the Reduced Intensity Alternative would result in the same or similar impacts to hydrology and water quality as those described for the proposed Project. Mitigations measures Hydro-I through Hydro-2b would be required to reduce impacts to less-than-significant levels. Land Use and Planning Similar to the proposed Project, the Reduced Intensity Alternative would not result in any significant land use impacts. Noise Because the total square footage of the Project would be reduced by approximately 7% under this alternative, it is expected that construction phases would be shortened, thereby decreasing the duration of construction-related noise in the Project area and resulting in somewhat reduced construction-related noise impacts compared to those described for the proposed Project. Mitigation measure Noise-I would result in this Alternative having, like the Project, a less-than-significant impact. Transportation and Circulation Similar to the proposed Project, the Reduced Intensity Alternative would result in new vehicle trips in the vicinity. The number of trips generated under this Alternative would still result in an increase over the threshold of 100 new vehicle trips, triggering the requirement of a TDM Plan. TABLE 13-2. TRIP GENERATION - REDUCED FLOOR AREA ALTERNATIVE Building Square Footage Daily Trips Project 624,048 5,510 Reduced Intensity Alternative 580,848 5,445 Notes: 1 See Chapter 11; Traffic, Trip Generation Table IO-xx. No reductions from the IDM program are shown for this comparison as IDM reductions are targeted at peak hours rather than daily rates. As shown in Table 13-2 above, when compared to the proposed Project, would result in only slightly reduced trips. Consequently, this alternative also would not reduce traffic levels sufficiently to reduce any cumulative off-site traffic impacts to a less than significant level. Therefore, the Reduced Intensity Alternative would result in significant and unavoidable impacts identical to the proposed Proj ect. Utilities and Service Systems As the Reduced Intensity Alternative would reduce the total square footage of the project, PAGE 13-8 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 1 3 : ALTERNATIVES fewer employees would be accommodated at the Project site. This reduction in employees would translate to reduced wastewater flows relative to the proposed Project. Similarly, the reduction in floor area would translate to slightly less water consuming and wastewater generating land uses. Therefore, impacts related to increased wastewater flows would be somewhat reduced under the Alternative as compared to the Project. Thus, this Alternative would, like the propose Project, result in an impact that is less-than-significant with implementation of Mitigation Measure Util-l. Abilitv to Accomplish Proiect Obiectives Like the proposed Project, the Reduced Intensity Alternative would support all Project objectives albeit to a lesser degree. Furthered Project objectives include an increase in quality jobs, additional tax and fee generation, and the upgrading and provision of warehousing and industrial jobs in the Lindenville Area. However, this Alternative would not, as discussed above, result in the avoidance or lessening of the Project's identified significant impacts to a less than significant level. ENVIRONMENTALLY SUPERIOR ALTERNATIVE The CEQA Guidelines require that an environmentally superior alternative to the proposed project be identified in an EIR. The CEQA Guidelines also require that "if the environmentally superior alternative is the 'no project' alternative, the EIR shall also identify an environmentally superior alternative among the other alternatives" (CEQA Guidelines Section 15126.6(e)(2)). In general, the environmentally superior alternative minimizes adverse impacts to the environment, while still achieving the basic project objectives. Consideration of the alternatives to the proposed Project reveals that the environmentally superior alternative would be the No Project Alternative, since it would result in no new environmental impacts. However, in the absence of the No Proj ect Alternative, the Reduced Intensity Alternative would be designated as environmentally superior. It would slightly reduce the project's air emissions while fulfilling the Project Objectives albeit to lesser degree as the proposed Project. A reduction in vehicle trips and related air emissions would be achieved by project design, through provision of a reduced building area in conjunction with a TDM Plan. Table 13-3, on the following pages, provides a summary comparison of the environmental impacts (after mitigation) between the proposed Project and the alternatives. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 13-9 CHAPTER 1 3 : ALTERNATIVES TABLE 13-3. COMPARISON OF IMPACTS, PROPOSED PROJECT AND ALTERNATIVES Level of Significance Impact Relative to the Proposed Project Potential Environmental Impacts Proposed Project No Project Alternative Reduced Intensity Alternative Impact Air-I: Construction Dust and Exhaust. Construction activity involves a high potential for the emission of air pollutants. Construction activities would generate exhaust emissions from vehicles/equipment and LTS - s fugitive particulate matter emissions that would affect local air quality. This would be a potentially significant impact. Impact Air-2: Carbon Monoxide. Mobile emissions generated by Project traffic would increase carbon monoxide concentrations at intersections in the Project vicinity. However, these increases would be below LTS significance thresholds of the Bay Area Air Quality - s Management District so would be considered a less-than- significant impact. Impact Air-3: Cumulative Air Quality Impacts. The proposed Project would contribute to regional air quality emissions but not exceed BAAQMD emissions thresholds LTS - - for ROG, NOx and PMIO. This would be considered a less than significant impact. Impact Air-4: Future Emissions Near Sensitive Receptors. Although not proposed at this time, the Project could include stationary combustion equipment or laboratory facilities that emit air pollution. These sources could emit small amOlmts of toxic air contaminants with LTS - - the potential to affect sensitive receptors. This impact, however, would be reduced to a less-than-significant level with standard BAAQMD permitting requirements. Impact Air-5: Construction-Related Diesel Odors. During construction, the various diesel-powered vehicles and equipment in use on the site would create odors. These odors would be temporary and not likely to be noticeable much beyond the Project site's bOlllldaries. As the potential for diesel odor impacts would not affect a substantial LTS - - amount of people, this impact is less-than-significant and is further reduced by Measures to Reduce Construction Exhaust in Mitigation Measure Air-I. Therefore, no mitigation is required. LTS ~ Less Than Significant A "-" (minus sign) signifies a minimal reduction in the impact under the Alternative as compared to the proposed S = Significant Project. An "s" (lower-case s) signifies the impact would be the A "+" (plus sign) would have signified an increase in the same or similar under the Alternative as compared to the impact under the Alternative as compared to the proposed proposed Project. Project, but was not applicable to items in this table. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 1 3-1 0 CHAPTER 1 3 : ALTERNATIVES Impact Air-6: Operational-Related Objectionable Odors. \Vhile it is not known at this time what specific businesses will occupy the completed Project, these businesses will be required to conform to applicable air LTS - - quality regulations in order to ensure that any odors resulting from operations will remain at a less-than- significant level. Therefore, no mitigation is required. Impact Geo-l: Geologic Hazards. According to CEQA guidelines, exposure of people or structures to major geological hazards is a significant adverse impact. The primary seismic hazards affecting the Project are strong LTS - s seismic grOlllld shaking and potentially liquefiable fill soils, each of which are considered a potentially significant impact. Impact Geo-2: Soil Erosion. The Project would involve mass grading in a location that could facilitate storrnwater- related soil transfer to the San Francisco Bay. This could potentially impact vicinity drainages such as Cohna Creek LTS - s and the San Francisco Bay. This would be a potentially significant impact during and following site construction activities. Impact Geo-3: Unstable Soils. The Project site is potentially llllderlain by fill soils of unknown quality, which may be expansive, prone to settlement, or LTS - s susceptible to seismically induced liquefaction or dynamic densification. This is apotentially significant impact. Impact Geo-4: Potentially Expansive and Compressible Soils. The Project site is potentially llllderlain by fill soils of unknown quality. These materials may contain expansive clay minerals subject to shrinking and swelling LTS in response to changes in water content. These expansive - S soils could cause damage to fOlllldations, concrete slabs, and pavements. The impact due to expansive soils is potentially significant. Impact Haz-l: Routine transportation, use, or disposal of hazardous materials. The risk of accidental upset and environmental contamination from routine transport, storage, use and disposal of hazardous and potentially LTS - - hazardous materials to the public and environment is a potentially significant impact. LTS ~ Less Than Significant A "-" (minus sign) signifies a minimal reduction in the impact llllder the Alternative as compared to the proposed S = Significant Project. An "s" (lower-case s) signifies the impact would be the A "+" (plus sign) would have signified an increase in the same or similar llllder the Alternative as compared to the impact llllder the Alternative as compared to the proposed proposed Project. Project, but was not applicable to items in this table. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 13-11 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT Impact Haz-2: Accidental Hazardous Materials Release. According to previous investigations, petrolelllTI products and volatile organic compOllllds (VOCs) are present in site soils. During demolition operations hazardous materials could be released from structures at the site or from the llllderlying soils. Following construction, operations at the proposed facilities are LTS - - expected to represent a continuing threat to the enviromnent through accidental release of hazardous materials since the site is proposed for industrial uses, where use, storage and disposal of hazardous materials may occur. This represents a potentially significant impact. Impact Haz-3: Exposure to contaminated soil and groundwater. During demolition and construction, workers could be exposed to contaminated soil and grOlllldwater. Disturbance of the subsurface also increases LTS the potential for contamination to spread through surface - - water runoff, creation of seepage pathways, and through wind blown dust. These impacts are potentially significant. Impact Hydro-I: Erosion and Sedimentation On- or Off-site. Construction operations associated with the Project would present a threat of soil erosion from soil LTS - s disturbance by subjecting unprotected bare soil areas to the erosion forces of rlllloff. This is a potentially significant impact. Impact Hydro-2: Non-Point Source Pollutants. The project will involve an intensification ofland-use by increasing floor area and nlllTIber of occupants, and will add potential new sources of non-point source pollutants to LTS - s the area. This may increase non-point source pollution to receiving waters. This is a potentially significant impact. ImpactNoise-l: Construction Related Noise. Project construction could result in temporary short-term noise increases due to the operation of heavy equipment. This LTS - - would be a potentially significant impact associated with Project development. Impact Traf-l: Project Trip Generation Exceeds 100 Trips During Peak Hours. The Project would generate more than 100 net new trips during the AM and PM peak hours. The San Mateo City/Collllty Association of Govermnents (CICAG) Agency Guidelines for the implementation of the 2003 Draft Congestion Management Program ("CICAG Guidelines") specifies LTS - s that local jurisdictions must ensure that the developer and/or tenants will mitigate all new peak hour trips (including the first 100 trips) projected to be generated by the development. This would be a significant impact. LTS ~ Less Than Significant A "-" (minus sign) signifies a minimal reduction in the impact under the Alternative as compared to the proposed S = Significant Project. An "s" (lower-case s) signifies the impact would be the A "+" (plus sign) would have signified an increase in the same or similar llllder the Alternative as compared to the impact under the Alternative as compared to the proposed proposed Project. Project, but was not applicable to items in this table. PAGE 12-12 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 1 3 : ALTERNATIVES Impact Traf-2: Cumulative (2020) Intersection Impacts. Under clllTIulative (Year 2020) conditions, the addition of Project traffic would result in significant impacts to three study intersections during the PM peak LTS S hour: a) East Grand Avenue I Airport Boulevard; b) San - Bnmo Avenue IUS 101 SB Ramps; and c) San Mateo Avenue I Airport Boulevard. This would be a potentially significant impact. Impact Traf-3: Cumulative (2030) Intersection Impacts. Under clllTIulative (Year 2030) conditions, the addition of Project traffic would result in significant impacts to two study intersections during the AM peak hour: a) East Grand Avenue I Airport Boulevard; and b) San Bnmo Avenue I US 101 northbOlllld ramps. Additionally, Project traffic would result in significant LTS - s impacts to three study intersections during the PM peak hour: c) East Grand Avenue I Airport Boulevard; d) San Mateo Avenue I Airport Boulevard; and e) San Bnmo Avenue I US 101 SOUthbOlllld ramps. This would be a potentially significant impact. Impact Traf-4: Site Circulation. The Project's circulation plan will not reduce the number oflanes, add or modify on-street parking, or result in other actions that will affect arterial segment performance. However, the circulation plan could potentially cause mid-block LTS S queuing, driveway maneuvers resulting in delays, or other - impacts that could result in roadway segments operating at a level of service that violates the adopted LOS standard set for the nearest intersection. This would be a potentially significant impact. Impact Util-l: Wastewater Generation and Infrastructure Capacity. The Project would contribute wastewater to the WQCP system, which has adequate treatment capacity. The line and facilities conveying Project wastewater are adequately sized to accommodate LTS S increased flows. However, the Project would utilize an - existing 24-inch sewer line currently impeded by sediment and sewage. Therefore, the Project would have a potentially significant impact relative to increased wastewater flows. LTS ~ Less Than Significant A "-" (minus sign) signifies a minimal reduction in the impact llllder the Alternative as compared to the proposed S = Significant Project. An "s" (lower-case s) signifies the impact would be the A "+" (plus sign) would have signified an increase in the same or similar llllder the Alternative as compared to the impact llllder the Alternative as compared to the proposed proposed Project. Project, but was not applicable to items in this table. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 13-13 CHAPTER 1 3 : ALTERNATIVES This page intentionally left blank CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 13-14 14 REFERENCES REPORT PREPARERS Lamphier - Gregory 1944 Embarcadero Oakland, Ca. 94606 510-535-6690 Lamphier-Gregory (Primary Report Preparers) Scott Gregory, President Kevin Colin, Associate Planner DKS Transportation Group (Transportation and Circulation) Mark Spencer, Principal Paul Stanis, Associate Transportation Engineer Ouesta Engineering, Inc. Jeffrey H. Peters, Principal Will N. Hopkins, Engineering Geologist REFERENCES Association of Bay Area Governments, www.abag.ca.gov. accessed January 2009. Association of Environmental Professionals (AEP), 2007. Alternative Approaches to Analyzing Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Global Climate Change in CEQA Documents. Bay Area Air Quality Management District, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, 1996 (Revised 1999). Bay Area Air Quality Management District, Annual Bay Area Air Quality Summaries, 2003- 2008. Bonilla, M.G., Preliminary Geologic Map of the San Francisco South 7.5' Quadrangle and CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 14-1 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT Part of the Hunters Point 7.5' Quadrangle, San Francisco Bay Area, California: A digital database, USGS Open-file Report 98-354, 1998. California Air Pollution Control Officers Association (CAPCOA), 2008. CEQA and Climate Change: Evaluating and Addressing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Projects Subject to the California Environmental Quality Act. California Air Resources Board, September 2007a. Draft List of Early Action Measures To Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions In California Recommended For Board Consideration. California Air Resources Board, October 2007b. Expanded List of Early Action Measures To Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions In California Recommended For Board Consideration. California Air Resources Board, December 6, 2007c. Mandatory Reporting of California greenhouse gas Emissions, Presentation in EI Monte, California. California Division of Mines and Geology, Earthquake Fault Zone Map of the South San Francisco Quadrangle, 1982. California Division of Mines and Geology, Fault Activity Map of California and Adjacent Areas, 1994. California Division of Mines and Geology, Fault Evaluation Reports Prepared Under the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act, CGS CD 2002-01, 2002. California Stormwater Quality Association (CASQA), New Development and Redevelopment Handbook,2003. California Stormwater Quality Association (CASQA), California Storm water BMP Handbook, Industrial and Commercial, January 2003. Caltrans, Traffic Volumes on California State Highways, 2007 (http://traffic- counts.dot.ca.gov/). City of South San Francisco, prepared by Dyett & Bhatia, South San Francisco General Plan: Existing Conditions and Planning Issues, 1997. City of South San Francisco, prepared by Dyett & Bhatia, City of South San Francisco GeneralPlan, adopted October 1999. City of South San Francisco, prepared by Lamphier-Gregory, 213 East Grand A venue Project Environmental Impact Report, Draft May 2008, Final September 2008. City of South San Francisco, prepared by Lamphier-Gregory, 249 East Grand A venue Project Environmental Impact Report, Draft December 2005, Final June 2006. PAGE 14-2 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT CHAPTER 14: REFERENCES City of South San Francisco and Crane Transportation Group, Terrabay Phase 3 Final EIR, October 2006. City of South San Francisco, prepared by EIP Associates and Korve Engineering, Genentech Corporate Facilities Master Plan Draft EIR, December 2006. DKS Associates, Inc., Centrum Logistics Traffic Impact Analysis, dated April 13, 2009. Knudsen, K.L., Noleer, 1S., Sowers, 1M., Lettis, W.R., Quaternary Geology and Liquefaction Susceptibility, San Francisco, California I: I 00, 000 Quadrangle: A Digital Database, USGS Open-File Report 97-715,1997. Land America Assessment Corporation, Seismic Damageability Assessment Probable Maximum Loss Report- SFO Logistics Center, 1070 San Mateo Avenue South, South San Francisco, CA 94080, July 9, 2008. Land America Commercial Services, Environmental Site Assessment - SFO Logistics 1070 and 1080 San Mateo Avenue South, South San Francisco, California 94080, July II, 2008. Land America Commercial Services, Property Condition Report - SFO Logistics 1070 and 1080 San Mateo Avenue South, South San Francisco, California 94080, July 9, 2008. Phillips, Steven P., Scott N. Hamlin, Eugene B. Yates, Geohydrology, Water Quality, and Estimation of Ground-Water Recharge in San Francisco, California 1987-92. US Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4019, 1993. San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board, Screening for Environmental Concerns at Sites with Contaminated Soil and Groundwater, 2003 Transportation Research Board, Highway Capacity Manual, 2000. Treadwell & Rollo, Geotechnical Feasibility Study - 1070 San Mateo Avenue, South San Francisco, California, January 23, 2009. Wentworth, C.M., Graham, S.E., Pike, R.1, Beukelman, G.S., Ramsey, D.W., Barron, A.D., San Francisco Bay Region Landslide Folio Part C - Summary Distribution of Slides and Earthflows in the San Francisco Bay Region, California, USGS Open File Report 97-745 C, 1997. Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities, Earthquake Probabilities in the San Francisco Bay Region, 1001-2031, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 03-214. CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT PAGE 14-3 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT This page intentionally left blank PAGE 14-4 CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT ApPENDIX A NOTICE OF PREPARATION (NOP) AND COMMENTS Notice of Preparation Form B Notice of Preparation To: State Clearinghouse P.O, Box 3044 F City of South San Francisco rom: P.O. Box 711 Sacramento, CA 95812-36\14re3s) South San Francisco, c!:('~lI:M':\ Subject: Notice of Preparation of a Draft Environmental impact Report The City of South San Francisco will be the Lead Agency and will prepare an environmental impact repOlt for the project identified below. We need to know the views of your agency as to the scope and content of the environmental information which is germane to your agency's statutory responsibilities in connection with the proposed project. Your agency will need to use the ErR prepared by our agency when considering your pennit or other approval for the project. The project description, location, and the potential environmental efIects are contained in the attached materials. A copy of the Initial Study ( lil! is 0 is not) attached. Due to the time limits mandated by State law, your response must be sent at the earliest possible date but not later than 30 days atter receipt of this notice. Please send your response to Sieve Carlson, Senior Planner shown above. We will need the name for a contact person in your agency. at the address T Centrum Logistics Project Project itle: Project Applicant, if any: Centrum Properties, Inc. Date 2J~ .Jmu DC; "~4'~ Title. c}\:ll ''bR '~fI) a Telephone 6SD. g7~ g 556 Reference: California Code of Regulations, Title 14, (CEQA Guidelines) Sections 15082(a), 15103, 15375, 26 Notice of Preparation Form B Notice of Preparation To: State Clearinghouse P.O, Box 3044 F City of South San Francisco rom: P.O. Box 711 Sacramento, CA 95812-36\14re3s) South San Francisco, c!:('~lI:M':\ Subject: Notice of Preparation of a Draft Environmental impact Report The City of South San Francisco will be the Lead Agency and will prepare an environmental impact repOlt for the project identified below. We need to know the views of your agency as to the scope and content of the environmental information which is germane to your agency's statutory responsibilities in connection with the proposed project. Your agency will need to use the ErR prepared by our agency when considering your pennit or other approval for the project. The project description, location, and the potential environmental efIects are contained in the attached materials. A copy of the Initial Study ( lil! is 0 is not) attached. Due to the time limits mandated by State law, your response must be sent at the earliest possible date but not later than 30 days atter receipt of this notice. Please send your response to Sieve Carlson, Senior Planner shown above. We will need the name for a contact person in your agency. at the address T Centrum Logistics Project Project itle: Project Applicant, if any: Centrum Properties, Inc. Date 2J~ .Jmu DC; "~4'~ Title. c}\:ll ''bR '~fI) a Telephone 6SD. g7~ g 556 Reference: California Code of Regulations, Title 14, (CEQA Guidelines) Sections 15082(a), 15103, 15375, 26 ApPENDIX B INITIAL STUDY CENTRUM LOGISTICS PROJECT INITIAL STUDY STATE CLEARINGHOUSE NUMBER: To BE ASSIGNED CITY OF SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO e 315 M!\PLEAVENUE SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94083 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INITIAL STUDY .....................................................................................................................................................1 GENERAL PROJECT INFORMATION ... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ..... ..... 1 Proj ect Entitlements....................................................................................................................... ......................................... 1 Lead 1 Contact Pers on .............................................................................................................................. .......................................... 1 Proj ect Sponsor......................................................................................................................... ............................................... 1 Proj ect Location........................................................................................................................ ............................................... 2 General Plan Designation..................................................................................................................... .................................. 2 Zoning .............................................................................................................................. ........................................................ 2 Description of Proj ect ............................................................................................................................... ............................. 2 SurrOlmding Land Uses and Setting. ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ........ 3 LEAD AGENCY DETERlvUNATION .. ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... .......... 29 INITIAL STUDY CHECKLIST ...........................................................................................................................30 AESTHETI CS ............................................................................................................................. ......................................................... 31 AGRICULTURE RESOURCES.. ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ......... 32 AIR QUALITy........................................................................................................................ ............................................................. 33 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES.. ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ....... 35 CULTURAL REso URCES .............................................................................................................................. ...................................... 37 GEOLOGY AND SOILS.. ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ....... 39 HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS J'v1ATERIALS .. ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ... 41 HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY.. ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... .......... 43 LAND USE AND PLANNING ... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ........ 45 MINERAL RESOURCES ... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... 46 NOISE......................................................................................................................... ........................................................................ 47 POPULA TION AND HOUSING....................................................................................................................... ................................... 48 PUBLIC SERVICES ... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ........ 49 RECREATION .............................................................................................................................. ....................................................... 51 TRANSPORT A TI ON /TRAFFI C ............................................................................................................................... ........................... 52 UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS.. ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ......... 54 J'v1ANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE .................................................................................................................................. 56 RE PORT PREP ARERS .............................................................................................................................. ..................................... 57 RE FERENCES .............................................................................................................................. .................................................. 57 INITIAL STUDY GENERAL PROJECT INFORMATION PROJECT ENTITLEMENTS As submitted, the Project requires a Use Permit, Variance, Design Review, and a Transportation Dernand Managernent (TDM) Plan in accordance with the City of South San Francisco Municipal Code requirernents. The project sponsor also proposes a Vesting Tentative Parcel Map to rnerge three parcels. The Project site's abutting public right-of-way at San Mateo Avenue is located within the incorporated limits of the City of San Bruno. Therefore, construction within this right-of-way including, for example, modification to the driveway and utility connections, will require review and approval of the City of San Bruno. LEAD AGENCY City of South San Francisco Department of Econornic and Cornrnunity Developrnent 315 Maple Avenue (Street Address) P.O. Box 711 (Mailing Address) South San Francisco, CA 94083 CONTACT PERSON Steve Carlson, Senior Planner City of South San Francisco 650-877-8535 or steve.carlson@ssf.net PROJECT SPONSOR Centrum Properties, Inc. 225 W. Hubbard Street, 4'" Floor Chicago, IL 60610 Contact: Michael McLean (312-279-1390 or MMclean@centrurnproperties.com) INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 1 PROJECT LOCATION The Project site is located at 1070 and 1080 San Mateo Avenue, in the City of South San Francisco, in the County of San Mateo. This L-shaped site consists of three adjoining parcels totaling 25.87 acres. The site has lirnited street frontage as it is situated behind a nurnber of cornrnercial properties along San Mateo Avenue. The site is approximately 650 feet west of Highway 101 and approxirnately 500 feet north of Interstate 380. The Project site has Assessor's Parcel Nurnbers (APN) of 015-163-230 and 015-163-120. The Project site location is illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 below. GENERAL PLAN DESIGNATION Mixed Industrial ZONING Industrial District (M-l) DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT Existing Setting Two land uses currently occur at the Project site, each on a separate parcel. The first land use includes off-site parking intended for patrons of the San Francisco International Airport. This private facility, with an address of 1070 San Mateo Avenue, includes an approxirnate 975 square foot (sq. ft.), single-story building, entry canopy, several attendant stations and an open surface parking lot with 670 parking spaces. The second land use consists of warehouse and distribution within a portion of an existing 571,748 sq.ft. single-story building. This building interior has been divided into ten (10) units with three (3) office spaces. Associated concrete and paved parking and driveway areas surround the building. Current building occupants include the General Services Adrninistration, U.S. Postal Service (USPS) and the Drug Enforcernent Administration (DEA) for the storage of office equiprnent and seized property, and the processing and shiprnent of rnail. This occurs within two of the ten rnentioned tenant spaces and illIlounts to an approximate floor area of 237,477 square feetl A third parcel (rnentioned under the Project Entitlernents section above) concerns an abutting railroad spur presently not utilized for good transport. 160,000 square feet are used on a part-time basis by the u.s. Postal Service for a five-month period. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 2 Physical Changes The Project would rnerge the existing three parcels into a single parcel via a Vesting Tentative Parcel Map. The existing 571,748 square foot (sq. ft.) single-story building (Building 1) would be converted for rnulti-tenant use with thirty-one (31) truck trailer loading docks. Proposed uses include those identified under South San Francisco Municipal Code Section 20.30.020(c) (i.e., Custorn Manufacturing, Food Preparation, General Industrial, Laundry Services, Light Manufacturing, Personal Storage, Wholesaling, Storage and Distribution: Light, Wholesaling, Storage and Distribution: Heavy). The existing entry canopy and approxirnate 975 sq.ft. building would be dernolished. Existing parking areas would be reconfigured into a single, interconnected, at-grade parking lot with spaces for 670 passenger vehicles and trucks. Also, five new single-story buildings would be constructed. Proposed new buildings would have floor areas as follows: (Building 1) 9,600 sq.ft.; (Building 2) 12,000 sq. ft.; (Building 3) 12,000 sq.ft.; (Building 4) 9,6000 sq.ft.; and (Building 5) 9,100 sq. ft. The total new proposed building floor area equals 52,300 sq.ft. Building 2 through 5 would be used in a rnanner consistent with Building 1 described above. The proposed new Building 6 fronting San Mateo Avenue would be utilized as convenience retail space. The proposed rnaxirnurn building heights of these new buildings range between 25 feet 10 inches to 28 feet 4 inches. SURROUNDING LAND USES AND SETTING The proposed Project is located in the "Lindenville" planning sub-area which, beginning in the late 1950s, was redeveloped with warehouses, light industry, and single-fillIlily housing in the Mayfair Village subdivision. Today, warehousing and distribution and light industrial uses are dorninant; storage, automobile repair, manufacturing, and small business parks are also present. Lindenville is the city's only industrial area west of U.S. 101. North: Areas imrnediately adjacent to the north include several rnulti-tenant industrial buildings with Shaw Road addresses. South: Areas imrnediately adjacent to the south include the Sky Park Indoor Airport Parking facility, with Interstate Highway 380 directly beyond and overhead. East: Areas irnrnediately adjacent to the east include nurnerous rnulti-tenant industrial buildings with Shaw Road addresses. West: Areas imrnediately adjacent to the west of the Property include the frontage street San Mateo Avenue and a nurnber of industrial buildings with addresses ranging frorn 1090-1220 San Mateo Avenue, including auto repair facilities and a dry-cleaning plant (McNevin) facility. Beyond San Mateo Avenue are more industrial, auto repair and servicing facilities. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 3 , , '1 '--. I Brisbane Colma Son Bruno Mountoin County Pork L. -~=-~'; San Francisco Bay f!.Vf)' -.'" I 1/4 1/2 'EB WALNUT CREEK MILES ~" RAMON SAN LORENZO HAYWARD FREMONT SANTA N SAN JOSE ShaWR~C::: Q) .;c seoti S\ ,'/;'0 S"L'3'te \0~e~ Walnut Street San Bruno Ave E City of San Bruno Figure 2 - Project Location City of South San Francisco y; ,I \ \ \ \ \ San Francisco I nternationa I Airport SOURCE: Lamphier-Gregory This page intentionally left blank INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 6 -'~oii-l .1iiI!iMiI-i~g~flnii!llll I Figure 4. Existing Building Floor Plan. INITIAL STUDY PAGE 9 ~ ~1 ~ .Iitl..ol........ lr4mtifti~ - ~L _ll:~1lI~~ Il ; I I M: l!W:i urJ.!.lII j 'I Figure 5. Dernolition Plan. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 10 , PJlII :1 ~1 tllm .a.t.....-.:mtiIi ~ .... WIIm~~Ii!I""""'1d I I Figure 6. Building 1 Floor Plan. .... Jbf .h:!l~K..M M::I~l.HI ~ II INITIAL STUDY PAGE11 ~ " ---11 III __L__.!!IH!ll kmDt,i&1II_-'~-.'h _tB1mg~_ I I l I I \ - I Figure 7. Buildings 2 & 5 Floor Plan. , _0 ~ ..,.,""" 1 'I INITIAL STUDY PAGE 12 ~ ~1 JiIfij ~ ~ -.. ~iI~MIia~&JdIt J PJlII :,1 \ I Figure 8. Buildings 3 & 4 Floor Plan. - - .IW.o! ~ Ml>!~~1tiJ M:!I~lJ!l ~ II INITIAL STUDY PAGE 13 ~ , _0 ~ _ ~__!!IIM ~'_'_AL. "IIiiI!:l!Iiillmilfilf!l!liiIri:lIm'Jd c ~ B1UilU1L!I..!!! Ill'{ .I::IJ!!Jl J!I ~ 'I Figure 9. Building 6 Floor Plan. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 14 ---11 III _____.!!II.J1I kmDt,i&1II_-'~-..h _t~l1I~d " I I "I Figure 10. Building 1 Roof Plan. ~ ..,.,""" 1 " INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 15 JiIfij ~ ~ -.. ~iI~MIia~&JdIt ....~ll ~ Ml>!~~1tiJ M:!I~lJ!l ~ II I Figure 11. Buildings 2 & 5 Roof Plan. INITIAL STUDY PAGE 16 ~ ~1 ~ If -~ ~ .lJto....l~.....A.. ~j&\dQ--~_.... _t~l!Ij~_ .:~ t'J.!.lII j II Figure 12. Buildings 3 & 4 Roof Plan. INITIAL STUDY PAGE 17 ~ ~ JlkJ -<"I~..ll>Ld!h ~'_'_AL. "IIiiI!:l!Iiillmilfilf!l!liiIri:lIm'Jd Figure 13. Building 6 Roof Plan. .:~ t'J.!.lII j II INITIAL STUDY PAGE 18 ~ I Figure 14. Building 1 Elevations. ~ .lJto....l.....&. ~~--~_... _t~I!I'I1i!~_ I " -~ t'J.!.lII j II INITIAL STUDY PAGE 19 ~ ~1 , , I Figure 15. Building 1 Elevations. ~ lItl...l......oiI.. ~iktittlW\--~.N _lt~~jlJilltll_ " , " '!! M: l!W:i I'"~ urJ.!.lII j II INITIAL STUDY PAGE 20 ~ ~1 I Figure 16. Building 1 Elevations. ~ lItl...l......oiI.. ~iktittlW\--~.N _lt~~jlJilltll_ " ~! M: l!W:i urJ.!.lII j 'I INITIAL STUDY PAGE 21 ~ ~1 , Figure 17. Building 1 Elevations. ~ lItl...l......oiI.. ~iktittlW\--~.N .lC~!!!!i~d ~! ~ um II ~ M: l!W:i urJ.!.lII j 'I INITIAL STUDY PAGE 22 ~1 ~ lItl....l~....ililo.. ~iktittlW\_-~~ .lC~!!lj~_ I Figure 18. Buildings 2 & 5 Elevations. - " III - ~I'" , M: l!W:i urJ.!.lII j II INITIAL STUDY PAGE 23 ~ ~1 I Figure 19. Building 6 Elevations. " ~ lItl....l~....ililo.. ~iktittlW\--~.N _lt~~!IlliAmd III - ~I'" f M: l!W:i urJ.!.lII j II INITIAL STUDY PAGE 24 ~ .. I ... I~.~ ~1 - -~- IHi!i'll!.J ~It.otr\tl_~.li. ~_'~il';,,~iI~a & .g~l~t ............,..,,~...'I<- I I ......... -....All..... .. ; ... i I -- I Figure 20. Conceptual Grading Plan. U,l'lD...:lIlJ ~~ IlM1~M) JJ:!I I I INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 25 ~1 - -~- ~.mI~ltl_~.~ "~mil~_ .. I ... I .. .. I ill .... ~u I~ ~L Iwl' [1111 " Itl ".....,,.................-....-,,,.,.........-.......--...,,-....- - I ! Figure 21. Conceptual Grading Plan. l INITIAL STUDY PAGE 26 ~ I till "'~. ....- . - M Figure 22. Landscape Plan. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 27 This Page Intentionally Left Blank INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 28 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS POTENTIALLY AFFECTED Environmental factors which rnay be affected by the Project, as defIned by the California Environmental Quality Act are listed alphabetically below. Factors marked with a tilled in block (III) were determined to be potentially affected by the Project, involving at least one impact that has been identifIed as a "Potentially Significant Impact", as indicated in the Environmental Evaluation Form Checklist and related discussion that follows. Unmarked factors (D) were determined to not be significantly affected by the Project, based on discussion provided in the Checklist. ,= Aesthetics = Agriculture Resources ill Air Quality = Biological Resources = Cultural Resources II Geology and Soils III Hazards and Hazardous Materials II Hydrology and Water Quality II Land Use and Planning J Mineral Resources II Noise = Population and Housing = Public Services [ Recreation I!lI Transportation and Circulation II Utilities and Service Systems LEAD AGENCY DETERMINATION On the basis of this initial evaluation: I find that the proposed Project COULD NOT have a significant effect on the environrnent, and a NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared. I find that although the proposed Project could have a significant effect ou the environment, there "will not be a significant effect in this case because revisions in the Project have been made by or agreed to by the Project proponent. A MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECL\RATION will be prepared. L I find that the proposed Project lYIA Y have a significant effect on the environment, and an ENVIRONMENTAL INfPACT REPORT is required. I fmd that the proposed Project ]'vIA Y have a "potentially significant impact" or "potentially significant unless lnitigated" impact on the environment, but at least one effect 1) has been adequately analyzed in an earlier docurnent pursuant to applicable legal standards, and 2) lias been addressed by mitigation measures based on dle earlier analysis as described on attached sheets. An ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required, but it rnust analyze only the effects that rernain to be addressed. I find that although the proposed Project could have a significant effect on the environment, because all potentially significant effects (a) have been analyzed adequately in an earlier EIR pursuant to applicable standards, and (b) have been avoided or mitigated pursuant to that earlier EIR, including revisions or mitigation measures that are imposed upon the proposed Project, an EIR Addendmll is required. ~~ Steve Carlson, Senior Planner Z;6JIi)J eft Date INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 29 INITIAL STUDY CHECKLIST The Checklist portion of the Initial Study begins below, with explanations of each CEQA issue topic. A "no impad' response indicates that no action that would have an adverse effect on the environrnent would occur due to the Project. A "less than significant' response indicates that while there may be potential for an environmental impact, there are standard procedures or regulations in place, or other features of the Project as proposed, which would lirnit the extent of this irnpact to a level of "less than significant." Responses that indicate that the irnpact of the Project would be "less than significant with mitigatiod' indicate that mitigation measures, identified in the subsequent discussion, will be required as a condition of Project approval in order to effectively reduce potential Project- related environrnental effects to a level of "less than significant." A ''potentially significant impact" response indicates that further analysis is required to determine the extent of the potential impact and identifY any appropriate rnitigation. Topics with a ''potentially significant impact" response will be analyzed in an Environrnental Irnpact Report to be subsequently prepared for the Project. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 30 Environmental Factors and Focused Questions for Potentially Less Than Less Than Detennination of Environmental Impact Significant Significant with Significant No Impact Mitigation Impact Impact I. AESTHETICS - Would the Project a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic [ J'] vista? b) Substantially damage scenic resources, [ J'] including, but not limited to, trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway? c) Substantially degrade the existing visual [ J'] character or quality of the site and its surroundings? d) Create a new source of substantial light or [ J'] glare, which would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area? a) Scenic Vistas. The Project site is not located within a scenic vista. Therefore, the Project would result in no impact concerning scenic vistas. b) Scenic Highways. Although the Project is located nearby two highways (i.e., U.S. 101 and Interstate 280), neither is designated scenic highway. The Project is not visible frorn any other highway. Therefore, the Project would result in no impact to state scenic highways. c) Visual Character. The proposed Project would involve the dernolition of one rnodestly sized structure, construction of five new building, landscape improvements, and color/architectural changes to the existing warehouse building. The proposed Project would not result in developrnent incongruous to existing and proposed developrnent in the surrounding area. The developrnent would, therefore, have no impact, since it would not substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of the site and its surroundings. d) Light and Glare. The proposed Project, even with its new buildings, would result in rninirnal additional light ernanating frorn structures, parking areas and other sources. New lighting would, however, be required to conform to standards' that limit the arnount of light that can spill over to other properties, through the use of downcast lighting fIxtures. Therefore, the Project would result in a less than significant irnpact concerning a new source of substantial light or glare. 2 City of South San Francisco, Zoning Ordinance, Section 20.74.130. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 31 Environmental Factors and Focused Questions for Detennination of Environmental Impact Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact II. AGRICULTURE RESOURCES In determining whether impacts to agricultural resources are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to the California Agricultural Land Evaluation and Site Assessment Mode (1997) prepared by the California Dept. of Conservation as an optional mode to use in assessing impacts on agriculture and farmland. Would the Project. a) Convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance (Farmland), as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to the Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program of the California Resources Agency, to non- agricultural use? b) Conlict with existing zoning for agricultural use, or a Williamson Act contract? c) Involve other changes in the existing environment which, due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of Farmland, to non-agricultural use? [ J'] [ J'] [ J'] a) Prime Farmland. No designated agricultural land is located on the Project site. b) Williamson Act Contracts. Noland on the Project site is under a Williarnson Act contract. c) Farmland Conversion. Noland on the Project site is used for agricultural purposes. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 32 Environmental Factors and Focused Questions for Potentially Less Than Less Than Detennination of Environmental Impact Significant Significant with Significant No Impact Mitigation Impact Impact III. AIR QUALITY - Where available, the significance criteria estatJished by the applicatJe air quality management or air poll uti on control district may be reied upon to make the fdlovving determinations. Would the Project: a) Conlict with or obstruct implementation of the [ J'] applicable air quality plan? b) Violate any air quality standard or contribute [ J'] substantially to an existing or projected air quality violation? c) Result in a cumulatively considerable net [ J'] increase of any criteria pollutant for which the Project region is non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard (including releasing emissions, which exceed quantitative thresholds for ozone precursors)? d) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial [ J'] pdl utant concentrations? e) Create objectionable odors affecting a [ J'] substantial number of people? a) Air Quality Plan Conflict. The local air quality agency is the Bay Area Air Quality Managernent District (BAAQMD). The District enforces rules and regulations regarding air pollution sources and is the prirnary agency preparing the regional air quality plans rnandated under state and federal law. The San Francisco Bay Area Ozone Attainment Plan is the current ozone air quality plan required under the Federal Clean Air Act. The state rnandated regional air quality plan is the Bay Area 2000 Clean Air Plan. A project would be judged to conflict with or obstruct implernentation of the regional air quality plan if it would be inconsistent with the growth assurnptions, in terms of population, ernployrnent or regional growth in Vehicle Miles Traveled. The illIlount of developrnent associated with the proposed Project is consistent with the intensity of developrnent for the Project site foreseen in the South San Francisco General Plan, which was published in 1999. The site is located in an area designated as Mixed Industrial in the General Plan. The General Plan provides for a Floor Area Ratio (FAR) between 0.40 to 0.60 for the Mixed Industrial land use designation when a use includes a low ernployrnent intensity such as wholesaling, and warehouse and distribution businesses3 At 0.57, the Project is within the planned FAR range. The Project site's proposed use is consistent with the city's Zoning Ordinance. The city's General Plan designations, and future land use types and intensities, would have been taken into account during preparation of the BAAQMD's rnost recent Clean Air Plan, released in City of South San Francisco, City of South San Francisco General Plan, 1999, Table 2.2-1, Footnote 7. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 33 2000. The Project would therefore be consistent with the growth assurnptions, ernployrnent growth and growth in vehicle rniles travelled as assurned in the Clean Air Plan and have a less than significant impact on the Clean Air Plan. b), c) Air Quality Standards and Criteria Pollutants. Air quality irnpacts due to construction activity could be significant, due to airborne particulate matter and construction vehicle emissions. The EIR will evaluate this impact and will recornrnend rnitigation rneasures to reduce impacts to the extent feasible. Concerning potential long-term irnpacts, the Project would attract rnotor vehicles generating emissions. Mobile emissions, such as those associated with vehicles, would incrementally increase regional vehicular ernissions. The EIR will deterrnine whether Project-related stationary and rnobile emissions would exceed significance thresholds and, if so, recommend mitigation measures to reduce irnpacts to the extent feasible. Additionally, the EIR will address the Project's Greenhouse Gas Ernissions including their corresponding effect upon Global Climate Change. d) Sensitive Receptors. For CEQA purposes, the BAAQMD defines a sensitive receptor as a location where human populations, especially children, seniors, and sick persons are located and where there is reasonable expectation of continuous human exposure. Three sensitive receptors are located in the Project site vicinity, including: (1) Bell Air School located approxirnately 0.75 rniles south of the Project site at 450 yd Avenue, San Bruno; (2) the Decrnina MAllen School located approximately 0.75 rniles south frorn the Project site at 875 Angus Way, San Bruno; and (3) the South San Francisco High School located approxirnately 1.0 rnile northwest of the Project site at 400 B Street, South San Francisco. The EIR will evaluate the Project's potential irnpacts on these sensitive receptors including temporary increases in diesel particulate emissions due to operation of heavy equipment during construction, as well as long term exposure to air emissions due to Project operations. e) Objectionable Odors. During construction the various diesel-powered vehicles and equiprnent in use on the site would create odors. These odors would be ternporary and not likely to be noticeable rnuch beyond the Project site's boundaries. The potential for diesel odor irnpacts is therefore less than significant. Because at this tirne it is not known exactly what type of business activity (beyond what has been identified as warehouse and distribution) would take place at the Project site, it is not possible to determine if the Project would result in any operational odor irnpacts. However, the Project would be expected to conform to any applicable air quality regulations such as those found in the South San Francisco Municipal Code including those prornulgated by the Bay Area Air Quality Managernent District. For exarnple, SSFMC Section 20.30.040(g) requires approval of a Use Permit before release of objectionable odors and this can also be addressed by the adoption of condition of approvals. These rneasures would ensure that.. the project would produce" a less than significant amount of offensive odors. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 34 Environmental Factors and Focused Questions for Potentially Less Than Less Than Detennination of Environmental Impact Significant Significant with Significant No Impact Mitigation Impact Impact IV. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES - Would the Project a) Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly [ J'] or through habitat modifications, on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional pans, pdicies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Game or U.S. Fish and Wildife Service? b) Have a substantial adverse effect on any [ J'] riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, pdicies, regulations or by the California Department of Fish and Game or US Fish and Wildife Service? c) Have a substantial adverse effect on federally [ J'] protected wetlands as defined by Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means? d) Interfere substantially with the movement of any [ J'] native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildife corridors, or impede the use of native wildife nursery sites? e) Contlict with any local policies or ordinances [ J'] protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance? D Contlict with the provisions of an adopted [ J'] Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan? a) - b) Special Status Species and Habitat. The Project site does not contain special status species habitat. The site has been developed, is either covered by buildings or pavernent, and is in an urbanized state. The Project has no impact on special status species and habitat. c) - d) Wetlands and Wildlife Corridors. The proposed Project site does not contain wetland areas. It is an area that is currently developed with urban land uses. The Project has no impact on wetlands and wildlife corridors. e) - f) Tree Preservation Ordinance. The Project site is predorninantly covered with asphalt and large buildings. The existing vegetation consists of residual planter areas containing ground cover, shrubs and twenty-two (22) trees within parking lots and along the site's perirneter. Trees present INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 35 include non-native eucalyptus and sorne are large enough to qualify under the City of South San Francisco Tree Protection Ordinance. South San Francisco Municipal Code Chapter 13.30 considers any tree with at least a circurnference of forty-eight inches or rnore when rneasured fifty-four (54) inches above natural grade in order to be "protected." In order to remove a "protected" tree, the Planning Director must issue a permit that includes either replacernent or payrnent of fees for future tree planting by the City. Of the twenty-two (22) trees on the Project site, four qualify as "protected" with a circumference between 70 inches to 85 inches when rneasured frorn fifty-four (54) inches above natural grade. Given the srnall nurnber of eucalyptus trees and the surrounding industrial land uses, very few wildlife species would be expected to occur on the site as cornpared to other eucalyptus plantations in less urban areas throughout the Bay Area. Therefore, given the Planning Director rnust issue a permit for "protected" trees to be removed and, given that such permit would include replacement plantings, the Project has a less than significant impact on the Tree Protection Ordinance or other policies, ordinances or plans protecting biological resources. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 36 Environmental Factors and Focused Questions for Potentially Less Than Less Than Detennination of Environmental Impact Significant Significant with Significant No Impact Mitigation Impact Impact V. CULTURAL RESOURCES - Would the Project a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the [ J'] significance of a historical resource as defined in SI5064.5? b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the [ J'] significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to SI5064.5? c) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique [ J'] paleontdogical resource or site or unique geologic feature? d) Disturb any human remains, including those [ J'] interred outside of formal cemeteries? a) Historical Resources. The Project site contains two industrial buildings. The larger warehouse structure located at 1070 San Mateo Avenue was built in approxirnately 19514 and is proposed for exterior alteration. The srnaller structure located at 1080 San Mateo Avenue was built in approxirnately 20055 is proposed to be dernolished. Only the building at 1070 San Mateo Avenue would rneet the rninirnurn criteria of being 50 years old to consider eligibility as a historic resource.' However, it is not on the City's list of designated historic sites 7 or the list of potentially eligible historic resources under the City's Historic Marker ProgrillIl.8 The Project, therefore, has no impact on historical resources. b) Archaeological Resources. According to the City of South San Francisco General Plan, South San Francisco's coastal location, and its rich history as a center of industry makes the existence of prehistoric and historic archaeological resources likely. It is possible that buried prehistoric resources rnay be found in the City, although currently there is insufficient data to predict that they rnay be found at the Project site, especially because the site has been previously disturbed. If currently unknown archaeological resources are discovered on site during construction and grading operations, these resources shall be handled according to CEQA Section 15064.5(c), which calls on lead agencies to refer to the provisions of Public Resources Code Section 21083.2 or Section 21084.1 if the archaeological site is determined to be a historical resource. This would be a standard condition of any Project approval so the irnpact is considered less than significant. 4 Land America, Environmental Site Assessment Report - SFO Logistics 1070 and 1080 San Mateo Awnue, Page 28, Paragraph 3, dated July 11, 2008. 5 Environmental Site Assessment, Page 29, Paragraph 1. 6 City of South San Francisco, Municipal Code Section 2.58.020(g). 7 City of South San Francisco, City of South San Francisco General Plan, 1999, Figure 7-3. 8 City of South San Francisco, Historic Marker Program (http://ssf.net/depts/ecd/historic/marker_program.asp). INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 37 c) Geologic/Paleontological Features. There are no unique geologic or paleontological features associated with the Project site. The Project has no impact on paleontological resources or geologic features. d) Human Remains. There are no known hurnan rernains that would be disturbed by the proposed Project. As rnentioned under b) above, rnost of the Project site has already been disturbed by urban developrnent. No formal cerneteries have been located on the Project site. Ifhurnan rernains are found within the Project site, they will be handled according to Section 7050.5 of the Health and Safety Code or, if the rernains are Native American, Section 5097.98 of the Public Resources Code as per CEQA Section 15064.5(d). This is a standard condition of any project approval so the irnpact is considered less than significant. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 38 Environmental Factors and Focused Questions for Potentially Less Than Less Than Detennination of Environmental Impact Significant Significant with Significant No Impact Mitigation Impact Impact VI. GEOLOGY AND SOILS - Would the Project a) Expose people or structures to potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving: i) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as [ J'] deineated on the most recent Alquist- Prido Earthquake FaultZoning Map issued by the State Gedogist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? Refer to Division of Mines and Gedogy Special Publication 42. ii) Strong seismic ground shaking? [ J'] iii) Seismic-reated ground failure, including [ J'] liquefaction? iv) Landslides? [ ] [ J'] b) Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of [ J'] [ ] topsoil? c) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is [ J'] [ ] unstatJe, or that would become unstable as a result of roadway improvements, and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse? d) Be located on expansive soil, as defined in [ J'] TatJe 18-1-B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial risks to life or property? e) Have soils incapatJe of adequatey supporting [ J'] the use of septic tanks or alternative waste water disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of waste water? The project sponsor is preparing a prelirninary geotechnical report that will be addressed in the forthcorning Environrnental Irnpact Report (EIR). The City's CEQA consultant teillIl will peer review the project sponsor's report. a) Seismic Impacts. The Project site is located in a seisrnically active area and rnay be subject to strong ground shaking during the lifetirne of the Project, sirnilar to all developrnent in the region. Seisrnic shaking could induce settlernent of loose, unconsolidated sediments, and differential seisrnic settlernent could occur on the site. Since the Project site and nearby area is nearly level, the risk frorn slope instability rnay be assurned to be less than significant. The EIR will identify potential seisrnic irnpacts that would affect the Project, and will recornrnend rnitigation rneasures that can be irnplernented to reduce irnpacts to the extent feasible. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 39 b) Erosion. The Project site is predorninantly urbanized, with only a portion of the area's soils exposed, including srnall areas used for landscaping. However, irnpacts could occur due to construction activity that disturbs the soil if not properly protected frorn wind and rain erosion. Best Managernent Practices (EMPs) could be used to rnitigate the potential impacts of soil erosion on the site. Project plans include conceptual provisions for site drainage, such as up grading existing catch basins to collect and filter debris and landscaped drainage swales in parking areas. These provisions, including a Storrn Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) and Grading and Drainage Plans, rnust be evaluated under the Permit issued to the San Mateo County by the San Francisco Bay Area Regional Water Quality Board. The EIR will evaluate these impacts and provide rnitigation rneasures to reduce these irnpacts to the extent feasible. c) Unstable Soils. The Project would result in developrnent that would require grading, excavation, or other rnodifications to the sailor geology which could increase the potential for soil instability on the site. The EIR will provide additional description of the geologic and soils condition of the site and recommend mitigation measures for any potential impacts. d) Expansive Soils. A large portion of the city, defined by the General Plan as a "Lowland Zone,,,9 is underlain by deposits of Bay rnud up to 80 feet deep in sorne places. Developrnent hazards associated with Bay rnud fill typically include shrink-swell, settlernent, and corrosivity. Seisrnic hazards include earthquake wave amplification and liquefaction. Developrnent in the City's Lowland Zone, where the Project site is located, often requires engineering solutions to address soil constraints and the increased risk of geologic and seisrnic hazard in this area. The EIR will evaluate in rnore detail the potential irnpacts associated with expansive soils at the Project site, and will recommend measures to mitigate these impacts. e) Septic Tanks. The proposed Project would not involve the use of septic tanks. Proposed Project buildings would be connected to sanitary sewer infrastructure. 9 City of South San Francisco, City of South San Francisco General Plan, 1999, Page 246 and Figure 8-1. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 40 Environmental Factors and Focused Questions for Potentially Less Than Less Than Detennination of Environmental Impact Significant Significant with Significant No Impact Mitigation Impact Impact VII. HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS- Would the Project: a) Create a significant hazard to the public or the [ J'] environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials? b) Create a significant hazard to the public or the [ J'] environment through reasonatJy foreseeatJe upset and accident conditions involving the reease of hazardous materials into the environment? c) Emit hazardous emissions or hande hazardous [ J'] or acutey hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school? d) Be located on a site which is included on a list [ J'] of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to the public or the environment? e) For a Project located within an airport land use [ J'] plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a putJic airport or public use airport, would the Project result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the Project area? D For a Project within the vicinity of a private [ J'] airstrip, would the Project result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the Project area? g) Impair imfJementation of or physically interfere [ J'] with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? h) Expose people or structures to a significant risk [ J'] of loss, injury or death involving wildand fires, including where wildlands are adjacent to urbanized areas or where residences are intermixed with wildands? a) Transport, Use or Disposal of Hazardous Materials. Land uses at the site under the proposed Project would involve warehouse/distribution related activities, which rnay be expected to involve the routine transport, use or disposal of hazardous rnaterials. The EIR will evaluate the extent of this potential impact and, if identified, advance mitigation measure(s). b) Hazardous Materials Release. A records search for the Project site determined a nurnber of prior activities involved the use of hazardous rnaterials. The records search also revealed the Project site's prior listing on the Cortese list, pursuant to Governrnent Code Section 65962.5 (as noted INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 41 below). Land uses proposed for the Project site rnay involve activities that would potentially lead to hazardous rnaterials upset or accident conditions. Redeveloprnent of the site has the potential to result in the release of hazardous rnaterials into the environrnent. The EIR will evaluate the extent of this potential impact and recommend mitigation measures. c) Hazardous Materials Near Schools. The Project site is not located within \/,;-rnile of a school. The nearest school, Happy Hall Pre-School, is located approxirnately 1.25 rniles south of the Project site at 233 Santa Inez Avenue, San Bruno. Other schools are located further away. The EIR will confirm the distance and identifY any potential hazardous rnaterials irnpacts on pre-schools including recommended mitigation measures. d) Hazardous Materials List. The Project site was the location of rnany industrial activities including, for example, warehousing, possibly chemical storage, prior underground storage tank(s), auto disrnantling, vehicle storage, and possibly auto repair. A records search revealed the Project site's prior listing on the Cortese list, pursuant to Governrnent Code Section 65962.5. The EIR will review past and current uses of the site. The use and storage of hazardous rnaterials at the site will also be reviewed and, all of which, will culrninate in the evaluation of potential irnpacts and recommend measures to mitigate such impacts. e) Airport Land Use Plan. The Project site is located within the jurisdiction of the Airport Land Use Plan for the San Francisco International Airport. Cornpliance with this plan and potential irnpacts will be analyzed in the EIR. f) Private Airstrips. No private airstrips are located in the vicinity of the Project site. Therefore, the Project would have no impact related to private airstrips. g) Emergency Response Plan. Operations and/or construction activity could interfere with an emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan. Potential impacts and mitigation measures will be identified in the EIR. h) Wildland Fires. The Project site is already developed with urban land uses in an urbanized area. Therefore, the proposed Project would have no impact related to wildland fire danger. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 42 Environmental Factors and Focused Questions for Potentially Less Than Less Than Detennination of Environmental Impact Significant Significant with Significant No Impact Mitigation Impact Impact VIII. HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY - Would the Project: a) Violate any water quality standards or waste [ J'] discharge requirements? b) Substantially deplete groundwater supplies or [ J'] interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that there would be a net deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering of the local groundwater table leva (e.g., the production rate of pre-existing nearby wells would drop to a level which would not support existing land uses or panned uses for which permits have been granted)? c) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern [ J'] of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river, in a manner which would result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site? d) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern [ J'] of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river, or substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner, which would result in looding on- or off-site? e) Create or contribute runoff water which would [ J'] exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of poll uted runoff? D Otherwise substantially degrade water quality? [ J'] [ ] g) Place housing within a 100-yearlood hazard [ ] [ J'] area as mapped on a federal Flood Hazard Boundary or Flood Insurance Rate Map or other lood hazard delineation map? h) Place within a 1 DO-year lood hazard area [ J'] structures, which would impede or redirect lood lows? i) Expose people or structures to a significant risk [ J'] of loss, injury or death involving looding, including looding as a result of the failure of a levee or dam? j) Inundation by seiche, tsunami, or mudlow? [ J'] INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 43 a) Water Quality Standards. Demolition of one building, removal of asphalt parking areas, grading, and other Project construction activities could increase sedimentation and increase water quality concerns for stormwater runoff. The ElR will evaluate the extent to which water quality would be affected, and will recommend measures to reduce the Project's impact. b) Groundwater Supply. The Project's impact on groundwater recharge rates at the Project site would be less than significant. A majority of the site's surface area is currently impervious, paved over with concrete, asphalt, or covered with building structures, so no recharge currently occurs on the site. c) - f) Alteration of Drainage Patterns. Some localized changes in drainage patterns could occur as a result of the Project, due to grading and excavation activities undertaken during construction. These drainage pattern changes would be considered minor in the context of drainage patterns in the area. However, the Project may cause site runoff changes within the Calma Creek Flood Control Zone, a flood prone area. The ElR will evaluate the extent of this potential impact and recommend mitigation measures. g) - j) Flood Hazards, Seiche, Tsunami. The Project site is located outside the FEMA 100 year flood zone.!O However, the Project site is located within the designated Calma Creek Flood Control Zone. The Calma Creek Flood Control Zone was created in 1964 to construct flood control facilities in Calma Creek to alleviate flooding in the City of South San Francisco. The EIR will evaluate the Project's potential impact on flooding and recommend mitigation measures. 10 City of South San Francisco, City of South San Francisco General Plan, 1999, Figure 8-3. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 44 Environmental Factors and Focused Questions for Detennination of Environmental Impact IX. LAND USE AND PLANNING - Would the Project a) Physically divide an established community? b) Conlict with any applicable land use plan, pdicy, or regulation of an agency with jurisdiction over the Project (including, but not limited to the general pan, specific plan, local coastal program, or zoning ordinance) adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect? c) Conlict with any applicable habitat conservation plan or natural community conservation pan? Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact [ ] [ J'] [ J'] [ ] [ J'] a) Divide Established Community. The Project would involve construction of a warehouse/ distribution facility located on an already urbanized site. The Project would not divide an established community and, therefore, no impact would result. b) Conflict with Policies or Plans. The Project would require a Use Permit, and Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Plan as well as Design Review. The Project is consistent with the General Plan and Zoning Ordinance and is expected to have no impact related to a conflict with policies and plans. However, this will be further evaluated in the EIR. c) Conflict with Conservation Plan. As discussed above, the Project site is situated within an urbanized area. Consequently, neither the Project site or surrounding area are subject to a conservation plan. Therefore, no impact would result. INITIAL STUDY PAGE 45 ~ Environmental Factors and Focused Questions for Detennination of Environmental Impact Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact X. MINERAL RESOURCES - Would the Project a) Result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to the region and the residents of the state? b) Result in the loss of availability of a locally- important mineral resource recovery site dejineated on a local general plan, specific plan or other land use plan? [ J'] [ J'] a), b) Mineral Resources. No mineral resources of value to the region and the residents of the state have been identified at the Project site. The Project site has not been delineated as a locally important mineral recovery site on the City of South San Francisco General Plan, on any specific plan, or on any other land use plan, therefore the Project would have no impact on mineral resources. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 46 Environmental Factors and Focused Questions for Potentially Less Than Less Than Detennination of Environmental Impact Significant Significant with Significant No Impact Mitigation Impact Impact XI. NOISE - Would the Project a) Exposure of persons to or generation of noise [ J'] levels in excess of standards estatJished in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies? b) Exposure of persons to or generation of [ J'] excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels? c) A substantial permanent increase in ambient [ J'] noise levels in the Project vicinity above leves existing without the Project? d) A substantial temporary or periodic increase in [ J' ] [ ] ambient noise levels in the Project vicinity above levels existing without the Project? e) For a Project located within an airport land use [ J'] plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a putJic airport or public use airport, would the Project expose people residing or working in the Project area to excessive noise levels? D For a Project within the vicinity of a private [ J'] airstrip, would the Project expose peope residing or working in the Project area to excessive noise levels? a), b) Excessive Noise or Vibration. During construction, noise levels at the Project site would exceed current levels, due to the operation of construction equipment. The EIR will recommend noise attenuation measures to be implemented during construction, in order to reduce construction noise /vibration impacts. c), d) Ambient Noise Levels. Current ambient noise perceived at the Project site comes mainly from nearby automobile traffic. Ambient noise levels would increase during the Project's operation period, due to the increase in automobile traffic traveling to and away from the site. The EIR will analyze impacts to ambient noise levels. e) Airport Land Use Plan. The Project site is located about 1/2-mile northwest of the San Francisco International Airport. Flights leaving from and arriving at the airport can be heard at the Project site. The EIR will analyze noise impacts related to airport land use to determine if future workers would be exposed to excessive noise levels. f) Private Airstrip. There are no private airstrips in the vicinity of the Project site and, therefore, no impact would result. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 47 Environmental Factors and Focused Questions for Detennination of Environmental Impact Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact XII. POPULATION AND HOUSING - Would the Project a) Induce substantial population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for exampe, through extension of roads or other infrastructure)? b) Displace substantial numbers of existing housing, necessitating the construction of replacement housing esewhere? c) Dispace substantial numbers of people, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? [ J'] [ J'] [ J'] a) Substantial Population Growth. The Project would not lead to substantial population growth although the Project would result in an incremental increase in the number of employees at the Project site. It could be expected that some of these future employees may decide to live within the City of South San Francisco, but their numbers would be considered to result in a less than significant impact. b), c) Displace People and Housing. The Project would not displace any residents or housing units since none exist at the site. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 48 Environmental Factors and Focused Questions for Detennination of Environmental Impact Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact XIII. PUBLIC SERVICES- a) Would the Project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for any of the public services: i) Fire protection? ii) Police protection? iii) Schods? iv) Parks? v) Other putJic facilities? [ J'] [ J'] [ J'] [ J'] [ J'] a)i) Fire Protection. The South San Francisco Fire Department is staffed by 79 sworn and 15 non- sworn personnel. The department provides residents and local businesses with protection from fire, natural disasters, hazardous materials and emergency medical incidents through direct response, public education, code development and enforcement. The Fire Department is the only department in San Mateo County presently providing emergency medical care via its own fire rescue ambulances. Minimum on duty staffing is 20 persons.l1 Two South San Francisco fire stations are situated within approximately 1.5 miles of the Project site. Station #61 is located at 480 North Canal Street, and Station #63 is located at 249 Harbor Way. Response times to the Project site from either station would be approximately 3.99 minutes for fire suppression personnel and approximately 4.99 minutes for emergency medical personnel. This IS within the time frame compliant with Fire Department standards. The Project site is not located in any of the City's fire hazard management unit areasl', and adequate access would be possible via San Mateo Avenue. The Project's design would be required to comply with the City's Fire Code (Chapter 15.24 of the Municipal Code) and the city Fire Marshall's code requirements regarding on site access for emergency vehicles as is a standard condition for any Project approval. Therefore, the Project would have a less than significant impact on the city's fire protection services. 11 City of South San Francisco web site (http://ssf.net/depts/fire) 12 City of South San Francisco, City of South San Francisco General Plan, 1999, p.265 INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 49 a)ii) Police Protection. The South San Francisco Police Department's jurisdictional area includes the entire city. The Department currently has a total of 79 sworn officers and 35 civilian employees covering a city of approximately 65,500 residents with a daytime population around 72,587 people.13 That's a ratio of 1.2 sworn officers for every one thousand residents. The Department is generally able to respond to high priority calls within two to three minutes. These times are within the Department's response time goals. The Department typically works a four-beat system, but the watch supervisor has the discretion to deploy his personnel as he sees fit to accomplish daily goals and objectives. Each beat is typically staffed by a one officer unit with between six and nine other officers consisting of traffic, K-9, training, float, and supervisory units available for backup and overlap.!4 It is not expected that the Project would lead to an increase in Police Department service call response times. Though the Project would bring more people to the city, it is expected that the proposed warehouse/distribution land use would lead to a less than significant increase in service calls to the Police Department. a)iii) Schools. The City of South San Francisco is served by the South San Francisco Unified School District. It is possible that some users of the Project site would relocate to the City, thereby generating a small student population increase. However, because the Project would not involve construction of new residences, it is not expected that the school district would experience a significant growth in student population. Therefore, the impact on the South San Francisco Unified School District would be less than significant. a)iv) Parks. The proposed Project would not place a significant demand on the City's public parks. Though some users of the Project site would use the City's parks, this use would be considered less than significant. 13 2000 u.s. Census, Table PHC-T-40. 14 City of South San Francisco, City of South San Francisco General Plan, 1999, p.268 INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 50 Environmental Factors and Focused Questions for Detennination of Environmental Impact Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Less Than Significant Impact No Impact XIV. RECREATION- a) Would the Project increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accEJerated? b) Does the Project include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities, which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment? [ J'] [ J'] a), b) Recreational Facilities. The proposed Project would not place a significant demand on the City's public parks. Though some users of the Project site could be expected to use the City's parks, this use would not significantly increase demand for or use of recreational facilities and would be considered less than significant. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 51 Environmental Factors and Focused Questions for Potentially Less Than Less Than Detennination of Environmental Impact Significant Significant with Significant No Impact Mitigation Impact Impact XV. TRANSPORTATION/TRAFFIC - Would the Project a) Cause an increase in traffic, which is substantial [ J'] in rEJation to the existing traffic load and capacity of the street system (Le., result in a substantial increase in either the number of vehicle trips, the volume to capacity ratio on roads, or congestion at intersections)? b) Exceed, either individually or cumulatively, a [ J'] level of service standard established by the county congestion management agency for designated roads or highways? c) Result in a change in air traffic patterns, [ J'] including either an increase in traffic levels or a change in location that results in substantial safety risks? d) Substantially increase hazards due to a design [ J'] feature (e.g., sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatitJe uses (e.g., farm equipment)? e) Result in inadequate emergency access? [ J'] D Result in inadequate parking capacity? [ J'] g) Conlict with adopted policies, plans, or [ J'] programs supporting alternative transportation (e.g., bus turnouts, bicycle racks)? a) Traffic Increase. The Project would, when compared to the existing and historic site use, result in a substantial increase in vehicle trips. This is attributable to the proposed use of the entire existing building floor area totaling 571,748 square feet. 237,47715 square feet of the building is presently and has historically been used. Also, new building floor area totaling 52,300 square feet would be added to the Project site. In the vicinity of the Project site, San Mateo Avenue is a two lane roadway with sufficient width to allow on-street parking generally on both sides. However, the availability of on-street parking along San Mateo Avenue is limited by an abundance of curb-cuts. This parking situation is also exacerbated during business hours when commercial vehicles related to nearby warehouse or automobile repair businesses frequently park both within and outside San Mateo Avenue travel lanes. The nearest intersection, San Mateo Avenue and Scott Street, is not signalized. Therefore, the level of traffic associated with the Project could be considered significant. The EIR will evaluate this potentially significant impact. 15 160,000 square feet is utilized on a part-time basis of approximately five (5) months per year. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 52 b) Congestion Management Agency LOS Standards. Project related traffic could lead to a decrease in Level of Service standards for the area. The EIR will further evaluate potential Levels of Service impacts in the Project area. c) Air Traffic Patterns. The Project would have no impact on air traffic patterns in the area since the maximum building height is below that established by the San Francisco International Airport - Airport Land Use Plan. d) Design Hazards. The EIR will evaluate whether the Project would lead to any hazards resulting from Project design features. e) Inadequate Emergency Access. The proposed Project would have to be designed in a manner that allows free and clear circulation for emergency vehicles that would respond to an emergency on site. Proposed circulation patterns for the site will be evaluated in the EIR, in the context of the need for emergency access. f) Parking Capacity. Though the Project appears compliant with South San Francisco Municipal Code parking requirements, he EIR will evaluate whether the proposed Project includes parking capacity commensurate with its demand. g) Policy, Plan Conflicts. The traffic analysis for the EIR will determine whether the proposed Project would conflict with adopted policies, plans or programs supporting alternative transportation. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 53 Environmental Factors and Focused Questions for Potentially Less Than Less Than Detennination of Environmental Impact Significant Significant with Significant No Impact Mitigation Impact Impact XVI. UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS - Would the Project: a) Exceed wastewater treatment requirements of [ J'] the applicable Regional Water Quality Control Board? b) Require or result in the construction of new [ J'] water or wastewater treatment facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental effects? c) Require or result in the construction of new [ J'] storm water drainage facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental effects? d) Have sufficient water supplies available to serve [ J'] the Project from existing entitlements and resources, or are new or expanded entitlements needed? e) Result in a determination by the wastewater [ J'] treatment provider, which serves or may serve the Project that it has adequate capacity to serve the Project's projected demand in addition to the provider's existing commitments? D Be served by a landfill with sufficient permitted [ J'] capacity to accommodate the Project's solid waste disposal needs? g) Comply with federal, state, and local statutes [ J'] and regulations rEJated to sdid waste? a), b) Wastewater. The proposed Project would contribute both domestic sewage and industrial wastewater to the City of South San Francisco's municipal sewer system. The EIR will evaluate the Project's impact on South San Francisco's wastewater facilities. c) Storm Drainage. Periodic flooding occurs in South San Francisco, but is confined to certain areas along Calma Creek. Calma Creek handles much of the urban runoff generated in the city; since South San Francisco is highly urbanized, runoff levels are high and there is increased potential for flood conditions during periods of heavy rainfall. Localized flooding is also known to occur along the southeastern portion of the Project site and at the intersection of San Mateo Avenue and Linden Avenue during rain events. While the Project site is not located in the vicinity of the creek and would not be susceptible to flooding during a 100-year storm, site runoff may be within the Calma Creek watershed. The EIR will evaluate the Project's impact on South San Francisco's storm water drainage facilities. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 54 d) Water Supply. The Project would lead to an increase in demand for potable water provided by CalWater. The EIR will evaluate the Project's impact on South San Francisco's water supply. e) Wastewater Capacity. Though not expected to occur, the EIR will evaluate whether the Project would cause the wastewater treatment plant, jointly operated by the City of San Francisco and City of San Bruno, to exceed its capacity. f), g) Solid Waste. The City of South San Francisco's solid waste is transported to the Ox Mountain Landfill Facility by South San Francisco Scavenger Company, Inc. The EIR will evaluate the Project's impact on solid waste service capacity. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 55 Environmental Factors and Focused Questions for Potentially Less Than Less Than Detennination of Environmental Impact Significant Significant with Significant No Impact Mitigation Impact Impact XVII. MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE- a) Does the Project have the potential to degrade [ J'] the quality of the environment, substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wilcjife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop beow self-sustaining leves, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, reduce the number or restrict the range of a rare or endangered plant or animal or eliminate important examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory? b) Does the Project have impacts that are [ J'] individually limited, but cumulatively consideratJe? ("Cumulatively consideratJe" means that the incremental effects of a Project are considerable when viewed in connection with the effects of past Projects, the effects of other current Projects, and the effects of probable future Projects.) c) Does the Project have environmental effects, [ J'] which will cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly? a) Environmental Quality. Project implementation could lead to development that adversely affects the environment in terms of impacts to various CEQA issue topics, as discussed in this Initial Study. These potential impacts will be described in the EIR, and mitigated to the extent feasible. b) Cumulative Impacts. It is possible that the Project could have cumulative impacts related to air quality and traffic. These potential impacts will be described in the EIR, and mitigated to the extent feasible. c) Adverse Effects on Human Beings. Human beings could be affected by a variety of impacts described above. The expectation is that most, but perhaps not all impacts will be mitigated through the implementation of mitigation measures and adherence to applicable policies and plans. Policy makers and decision makers will have to balance the potential benefits of the Project against potential impacts as they consider whether to approve, modify, or reject the Project, following EIR preparation and full public disclosure of impacts. INITIAL STUDY ~ PAGE 56 ApPENDIX A - REFERENCES REPORT PREPARERS Lamphier - Gregory 1944 Embarcadero Oakland, Ca. 94606 510-535-6690 REFERENCES Association of Bay Area Governments, www.aba~.ca.~ov. accessed November 2008. Bay Area Air Quality Management District, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, 1996 (Revised 1999). Bay Area Air Quality Management District, Annual Bay Area Air Quality Summaries, 2003-2005. California Division of Mines and Geology, Earthquake Fault Zone Map of the South San Francisco Quadrangle, 1982. California Division of Mines and Geology, Fault Activity Map of California and Adjacent Areas, 1994. California Division of Mines and Geology, Fault Evaluation Reports Prepared Under the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act, CGS CD 2002-01, 2002. Land America, Environmental Site Assessment- SFO Logistics 1070 and 1080 San Mateo Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, dated July 11, 2008. Land America, Property Condition Report - SFO Logistics 1070 and 1080 San Mateo Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, dated July 9,2008. City of South San Francisco, City of South San Francisco General Plan, 1999. 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" " Q) " 0 Q) ~ ~ 0 0 ro c c !::' c f- o. .8 -'" Q; ,!!1 '" Q) '" Iii Vl Q) > ~ Ol ~ -2 o. (; OID 1iJ ~ c c c ro '" " ~ Vl '" Q) 0 (t Do- Ul ::J ~ >R >R " LL c.? U 0 0 East Grand Avenue / Airport Boulevard - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (with Project) Intersection of (East Grand Ave.) 2-lane road and (Airport Blvd.) 4-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic V olume3: East Grand Ave. (1878), Airport Blvd. (1783) Equation (East Grand Ave.) (14.04)(1878)(3.665) / 100,000 ~ 0.96 ppm Equation (Airport Blvd.) 6 (3.3 )(1783)(3.66) / 100,000 ~ 0.22 ppm I-hour Local Concentration: 0.96 + 0.22 ~ 1.18 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 1.18 (intersection) + 2.5 (I-hr background) ~ 3.68 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 3.68 x 0.7 ~ 2.57 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 2.57 (intersection) + 2.5 (8-hr background) ~ 5.08 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-A, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Primary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35, Secondary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. 4 6 East Grand Avenue / Airport Boulevard - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (without Project) Intersection of (East Grand Ave.) 2-lane road and (Airport Blvd.) 4-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic V olume3: East Grand Ave. (1878), Airport Blvd. (1728) Equation (East Grand Ave.) (14.04)(1878)(3.665) / 100,000 ~ 0.96 ppm Equation (Airport Blvd.) 6 (3.3 )(1728)(3.66) / 100,000 ~ 0.21 ppm I-hour Local Concentration: 0.96 + 0.21 ~ 1.17 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 1.17 (intersection) + 2.5 (I-hr background) ~ 3.67 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 3.67 x 0.7 ~ 2.57 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 2.57 (intersection) + 2.5 (8-hr background) ~ 5.08 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm No Project ~ No Impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm No Project ~ No Impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-A, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Primary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35, Secondary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. 4 6 San Mateo Avenue / Airport Boulevard - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (with Project) Intersection of (San Mateo Ave.) 4-lane road and (Airport Blvd.) 4-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic Volume3: San Mateo Ave. (1013), Airport Blvd. (2430) Equation (San Mateo Ave.) (3.34)(1013)(3.665) / 100,000 ~ 0.12 ppm Equation (Airport Blvd.) 6 (11.9 )(2430)(3.66) / 100,000 ~ 1.06 ppm I-hour Local Concentration: 1.06 + 0.12 ~ 1.18 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 1.18 (intersection) + 2.5 (I-hr background) ~ 3.68 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 3.68 x 0.7 ~ 2.58 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 2.58 (intersection) + 2.5 (8-hr background) ~ 5.08 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-A, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Secondary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35, Primary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. 4 6 San Mateo Avenue / Airport Boulevard - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (without Project) Intersection of (San Mateo Ave.) 4-lane road and (Airport Blvd.) 4-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic Volume3: San Mateo Ave. (815), Airport Blvd. (2376) Equation (San Mateo Ave.) (3.34)(815)(3.665) / 100,000 ~ 0.09 ppm Equation (Airport Blvd.) 6 (11.9 )(2376)(3.66) / 100,000 ~ 1.03 ppm I-hour Local Concentration: 1.03 + 0.09 ~ 1.12 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 1.12 (intersection) + 2.5 (I-hr background) ~ 3.62 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 3.62 x 0.7 ~ 2.53 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 2.53 (intersection) + 2.5 (8-hr background) ~ 5.03 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm No Project ~ No Impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm No Project ~ No Impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-A, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Secondary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35, Primary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. 4 6 San Bruno Avenue / US 101 SB On-Ramp - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (with Project) Intersection of (San Bruno Ave.) 4-lane road and (US 101 SB) 2-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic Volume: San Bruno Ave. (1788)3, US 101 SB (713)4 Equation (San Bruno Ave.) (11.95)(1788)(3.666) / 100,000 ~ 0.77 ppm Equation (US 101 SB) 7 (3.7 )(713)(3.66) / 100,000 ~ 0.10 ppm I-hour Local Concentration: 0.77 + 0.10 ~ 0.87 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 0.87 + 2.5 ~ 3.37 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 3.37 x 0.7 ~ 2.36 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 2.36 + 2.5 ~ 4.86 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-A, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Figure 4, 2010 Background With Project Volumes, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Traffic flow is one-way, Primary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35, Secondary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. 4 6 7 San Bruno Avenue / US 101 SB On-Ramp - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (without Project) Intersection of (San Bruno Ave.) 4-lane road and (US 101 SB) 2-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic Volume: San Bruno Ave. (1651)3, US 101 SB (650)4 Equation (San Bruno Ave.) (11.95)(1651)(3.666) / 100,000 ~ 0.72 ppm Equation (US 101 SB) 7 (3.7 )(650)(3.66) / 100,000 ~ 0.08 ppm I-hour Local Concentration: 0.72 + 0.08 ~ 0.80 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 0.80 + 2.5 ~ 3.30 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 3.30 x 0.7 ~ 2.31 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 2.31 + 2.5 ~ 4.81 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-A, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Figure 4, 2010 Background With Project Volumes, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Traffic flow is one-way, Primary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35, Secondary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. 4 6 7 San Bruno Avenue / US 101 NB - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (with Project) Intersection of (San Bruno Ave.) 4-lane road and (US 101 NB) 2-lane road, at grade. Receptor at 100 feet. Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic Volume3: San Bruno Ave. (1403), US 101 NB (487) Equation (San Bruno Ave.) (3.84)(1480)(3.665) / 100,000 ~ 0.21 ppm Equation (US 101 NB) 6 (1.7 )(492)(3.66) / 100,000 ~ 0.03 ppm I-hour Local Concentration: 0.21 + 0.03 ~ 0.24 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 0.24 + 2.5 ~ 2.74 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 2.74 x 0.7 ~ 1.92 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 1.92 + 2.5 ~ 4.42 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-A, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Primary Road, Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35, Secondary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. 4 6 San Bruno Avenue / US 101 NB - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (without Project) Intersection of (San Bruno Ave.) 4-lane road and (US 101 NB) 4-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic Volume3: San Bruno Ave. (1418), US 101 NB (446) Equation (San Bruno Ave.) (11.94)(1418)(3.665) / 100,000 ~ 0.62 ppm Equation (US 101 NB) 6 (3.3 )(446)(3.66) / 100,000 ~ 0.05 ppm I-hour Local Concentration: 0.62 + 0.18 ~ 0.67 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 0.67 + 2.5 ~ 3.17 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 3.17 x 0.7 ~ 2.22 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 2.22 + 2.5 ~ 4.72 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-A, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Primary Road, Table 12, Reference Carbon Monoxide Concentrations, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35, Secondary Road, Table 12, Reference Carbon Monoxide Concentrations, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. 4 6 US 101 Between Mitchell Avenue and 1-380 - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (with Project) US 101 between Mitchell Avenue and 1-380; 8-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic V olume3: US 101 between Mitchell Ave. and 1-380 ~ (15,170) (8.54)(15,170)(3.665) / 100,000 ~ 4.71 ppm Equation I-hour Local Concentration: 4.71 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 4.71 + 2.5 ~ 7.21 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 7.21 x 0.7 ~ 5.05 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 5.05 + 2.5 ~ 7.55 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-B, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Primary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35, 4 US 101 Between Mitchell Avenue and 1-380 - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (without Project) US 101 between Mitchell Avenue and 1-380; 8-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic V olume3: US 101 between Mitchell Ave. and 1-380 ~ (15,029) (8.54)(15,029)(3.665) / 100,000 ~ 4.68 ppm Equation I-hour Local Concentration: 4.68 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 4.68 + 2.5 ~ 7.18 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 7.18 x 0.7 ~ 5.03 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 5.03 + 2.5 ~ 7.53 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-B, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Primary Road, Table 12, Reference Carbon Monoxide Concentrations, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35 4 US 101 Between Grand Ave. and Ovster Pt. - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (with Project) US 101 between Grand Ave. and Oyster Pt.; 8-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic V olume3: US 101 between Grand and Oyster Pt. ~ (13,767) (8.54)(13,767)(3.665) / 100,000 ~ 4.28 ppm Equation I-hour Local Concentration: 4.28 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 4.28 + 2.5 ~ 6.78 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 6.78 x 0.7 ~ 4.75 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 4.75 + 2.5 ~ 7.25 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-B, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Primary Road, Table 12, Reference Carbon Monoxide Concentrations, Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 39, 4 US 101 Between Grand Ave. and Ovster Pt. - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (without Project) US 101 between Grand Ave. and Oyster Pt.; 8-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic V olume3: US 101 between Grand and Oyster Pt. ~ (13,591) (8.54)(13,591)(3.665) / 100,000 ~ 4.23 ppm Equation I-hour Local Concentration: 4.23 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 4.23 + 2.5 ~ 6.73 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 6.73 x 0.7 ~ 4.71 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 4.71 + 2.5 ~ 7.21 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-B, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Primary Road, Table 12, Reference Carbon Monoxide Concentrations, BAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35, 4 East Grand Avenue / Airport Boulevard - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (with Project) Intersection of (East Grand Ave.) 2-lane road and (Airport Blvd.) 4-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic V olume3: East Grand Ave. (1878), Airport Blvd. (1783) Equation (East Grand Ave.) (14.04)(1878)(3.665) / 100,000 ~ 0.96 ppm Equation (Airport Blvd.) 6 (3.3 )(1783)(3.66) / 100,000 ~ 0.22 ppm I-hour Local Concentration: 0.96 + 0.22 ~ 1.18 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 1.18 (intersection) + 2.5 (I-hr background) ~ 3.68 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 3.68 x 0.7 ~ 2.57 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 2.57 (intersection) + 2.5 (8-hr background) ~ 5.08 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-A, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Primary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35, Secondary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. 4 6 East Grand Avenue / Airport Boulevard - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (without Project) Intersection of (East Grand Ave.) 2-lane road and (Airport Blvd.) 4-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic V olume3: East Grand Ave. (1878), Airport Blvd. (1728) Equation (East Grand Ave.) (14.04)(1878)(3.665) / 100,000 ~ 0.96 ppm Equation (Airport Blvd.) 6 (3.3 )(1728)(3.66) / 100,000 ~ 0.21 ppm I-hour Local Concentration: 0.96 + 0.21 ~ 1.17 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 1.17 (intersection) + 2.5 (I-hr background) ~ 3.67 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 3.67 x 0.7 ~ 2.57 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 2.57 (intersection) + 2.5 (8-hr background) ~ 5.08 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm No Project ~ No Impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm No Project ~ No Impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-A, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Primary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35, Secondary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. 4 6 San Mateo Avenue / Airport Boulevard - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (with Project) Intersection of (San Mateo Ave.) 4-lane road and (Airport Blvd.) 4-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic Volume3: San Mateo Ave. (1013), Airport Blvd. (2430) Equation (San Mateo Ave.) (3.34)(1013)(3.665) / 100,000 ~ 0.12 ppm Equation (Airport Blvd.) 6 (11.9 )(2430)(3.66) / 100,000 ~ 1.06 ppm I-hour Local Concentration: 1.06 + 0.12 ~ 1.18 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 1.18 (intersection) + 2.5 (I-hr background) ~ 3.68 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 3.68 x 0.7 ~ 2.58 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 2.58 (intersection) + 2.5 (8-hr background) ~ 5.08 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-A, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Secondary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35, Primary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. 4 6 San Mateo Avenue / Airport Boulevard - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (without Project) Intersection of (San Mateo Ave.) 4-lane road and (Airport Blvd.) 4-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic Volume3: San Mateo Ave. (815), Airport Blvd. (2376) Equation (San Mateo Ave.) (3.34)(815)(3.665) / 100,000 ~ 0.09 ppm Equation (Airport Blvd.) 6 (11.9 )(2376)(3.66) / 100,000 ~ 1.03 ppm I-hour Local Concentration: 1.03 + 0.09 ~ 1.12 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 1.12 (intersection) + 2.5 (I-hr background) ~ 3.62 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 3.62 x 0.7 ~ 2.53 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 2.53 (intersection) + 2.5 (8-hr background) ~ 5.03 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm No Project ~ No Impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm No Project ~ No Impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-A, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Secondary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35, Primary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. 4 6 San Bruno Avenue / US 101 SB On-Ramp - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (with Project) Intersection of (San Bruno Ave.) 4-lane road and (US 101 SB) 2-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic Volume: San Bruno Ave. (1788)3, US 101 SB (713)4 Equation (San Bruno Ave.) (11.95)(1788)(3.666) / 100,000 ~ 0.77 ppm Equation (US 101 SB) 7 (3.7 )(713)(3.66) / 100,000 ~ 0.10 ppm I-hour Local Concentration: 0.77 + 0.10 ~ 0.87 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 0.87 + 2.5 ~ 3.37 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 3.37 x 0.7 ~ 2.36 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 2.36 + 2.5 ~ 4.86 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-A, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Figure 4, 2010 Background With Project Volumes, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Traffic flow is one-way, Primary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35, Secondary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. 4 6 7 San Bruno Avenue / US 101 SB On-Ramp - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (without Project) Intersection of (San Bruno Ave.) 4-lane road and (US 101 SB) 2-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic Volume: San Bruno Ave. (1651)3, US 101 SB (650)4 Equation (San Bruno Ave.) (11.95)(1651)(3.666) / 100,000 ~ 0.72 ppm Equation (US 101 SB) 7 (3.7 )(650)(3.66) / 100,000 ~ 0.08 ppm I-hour Local Concentration: 0.72 + 0.08 ~ 0.80 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 0.80 + 2.5 ~ 3.30 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 3.30 x 0.7 ~ 2.31 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 2.31 + 2.5 ~ 4.81 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-A, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Figure 4, 2010 Background With Project Volumes, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Traffic flow is one-way, Primary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35, Secondary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. 4 6 7 San Bruno Avenue / US 101 NB - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (with Project) Intersection of (San Bruno Ave.) 4-lane road and (US 101 NB) 2-lane road, at grade. Receptor at 100 feet. Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic Volume3: San Bruno Ave. (1403), US 101 NB (487) Equation (San Bruno Ave.) (3.84)(1480)(3.665) / 100,000 ~ 0.21 ppm Equation (US 101 NB) 6 (1.7 )(492)(3.66) / 100,000 ~ 0.03 ppm I-hour Local Concentration: 0.21 + 0.03 ~ 0.24 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 0.24 + 2.5 ~ 2.74 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 2.74 x 0.7 ~ 1.92 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 1.92 + 2.5 ~ 4.42 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-A, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Primary Road, Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35, Secondary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. 4 6 San Bruno Avenue / US 101 NB - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (without Project) Intersection of (San Bruno Ave.) 4-lane road and (US 101 NB) 4-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic Volume3: San Bruno Ave. (1418), US 101 NB (446) Equation (San Bruno Ave.) (11.94)(1418)(3.665) / 100,000 ~ 0.62 ppm Equation (US 101 NB) 6 (3.3 )(446)(3.66) / 100,000 ~ 0.05 ppm I-hour Local Concentration: 0.62 + 0.18 ~ 0.67 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 0.67 + 2.5 ~ 3.17 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 3.17 x 0.7 ~ 2.22 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 2.22 + 2.5 ~ 4.72 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-A, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Primary Road, Table 12, Reference Carbon Monoxide Concentrations, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35, Secondary Road, Table 12, Reference Carbon Monoxide Concentrations, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. 4 6 US 101 Between Mitchell Avenue and 1-380 - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (with Project) US 101 between Mitchell Avenue and 1-380; 8-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic V olume3: US 101 between Mitchell Ave. and 1-380 ~ (15,170) (8.54)(15,170)(3.665) / 100,000 ~ 4.71 ppm Equation I-hour Local Concentration: 4.71 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 4.71 + 2.5 ~ 7.21 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 7.21 x 0.7 ~ 5.05 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 5.05 + 2.5 ~ 7.55 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-B, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Primary Road - Year 2010 carbon monoxide value derived from Table 12, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35, 4 US 101 Between Mitchell Avenue and 1-380 - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (without Project) US 101 between Mitchell Avenue and 1-380; 8-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic V olume3: US 101 between Mitchell Ave. and 1-380 ~ (15,029) (8.54)(15,029)(3.665) / 100,000 ~ 4.68 ppm Equation I-hour Local Concentration: 4.68 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 4.68 + 2.5 ~ 7.18 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 7.18 x 0.7 ~ 5.03 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 5.03 + 2.5 ~ 7.53 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-B, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Primary Road, Table 12, Reference Carbon Monoxide Concentrations, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35 4 US 101 Between Grand Ave. and Ovster Pt. - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (with Project) US 101 between Grand Ave. and Oyster Pt.; 8-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic V olume3: US 101 between Grand and Oyster Pt. ~ (13,767) (8.54)(13,767)(3.665) / 100,000 ~ 4.28 ppm Equation I-hour Local Concentration: 4.28 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 4.28 + 2.5 ~ 6.78 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 6.78 x 0.7 ~ 4.75 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 4.75 + 2.5 ~ 7.25 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-B, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Primary Road, Table 12, Reference Carbon Monoxide Concentrations, Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 39, 4 US 101 Between Grand Ave. and Ovster Pt. - Carbon Monoxide Concentration Estimate Analysis Year: 2010 (without Project) US 101 between Grand Ave. and Oyster Pt.; 8-lane road, at grade. Receptor at edge Background I-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm1 Background 8-hour carbon monoxide ~ 2.5 ppm2 Hourly Traffic V olume3: US 101 between Grand and Oyster Pt. ~ (13,591) (8.54)(13,591)(3.665) / 100,000 ~ 4.23 ppm Equation I-hour Local Concentration: 4.23 ppm I-hour Total Concentration: 4.23 + 2.5 ~ 6.73 ppm 8-hour Local Concentration: 6.73 x 0.7 ~ 4.71 ppm 8-hour Total Concentration: 4.71 + 2.5 ~ 7.21 ppm I-hour Significance Threshold = 20 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 8-hour Significance Threshold = 9 ppm Project ~ Less than significant impact 2 Since the project is located in an area below the 3,0 isopleth of Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) CEQA Guidelines Figure 3 and Figure 4, a background concentration of 2,5 ppm is assumed; Page 46. Ibid, Derived traffic volumes are for both directions and include the highest value for each referenced roadway segment See Table 13-B, Centrum Distribution Center Traffic ImpactAnalysis, by DKS Associates, dated April 13, 2009, Primary Road, Table 12, Reference Carbon Monoxide Concentrations, BAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Table 10, Average Exhaust Emission Rates, BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, Page 35, 4 ApPENDIX D TRAFFIC ANALYSIS Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Analysis Administrative Draft fiR Prepared for City of South San Francisco By OKS Associates 1000 Broadway, Suite 450 Oakland, California 94607 (510) 763-2061 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Executive Summary ...............................................................................................4 2 Introduction......................................................................................................... 13 2.1 Analysis Methodology ............................................................................................13 2.2 Data Collection ..................................................................................................... 15 2.3 Level of Service Calculations.................................................................................. 15 3 Existing Condition................................................................................................19 3.1 Roadway Network................................................................................................. 19 3.2 Existing Intersection Operating Conditions.............................................................. 20 3.3 Existing Roadway Segment Operating Conditions.................................................... 20 3.4 Existing Condition Traffic Signal Warrant Analysis ................................................... 25 3.5 Transit, Pedestrian and Bicycle Operations ............................................................. 26 3.6 Existing Parking .................................................................................................... 27 4 2010 Background Without Project Condition...................................................... 28 4.1 Intersection Operating Conditions ..........................................................................28 4.2 Roadway Segment Operating Conditions ................................................................28 4.3 Traffic Signal Warrant Analysis ..............................................................................33 4.4 Transit, Pedestrian and Bicycle Operations ............................................................. 33 4.5 Parking ..... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ..... .... 33 5 2010 Background With Project Condition ........................................................... 34 5.1 Significance Criteria and Project Impacts ................................................................ 34 5.2 Trip Generation .................................................................................................... 35 5.3 Trip Distribution .................................................................................................... 38 5.4 15% TDM Reduction .............................................................................................39 5.5 30% TDM Reduction .............................................................................................45 5.6 Transit, Pedestrian and Bicycle Operations ............................................................. 51 5.7 Site Plan and Area Circulation Analysis ...................................................................52 5.8 Parking ..... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ..... .... 53 6 2020 Cumulative Without Project Condition....................................................... 54 6.1 Intersection Operating Conditions ..........................................................................54 6.2 Roadway Segment Operating Conditions ................................................................54 6.3 Transit, Pedestrian and Bicycle Operations ............................................................. 59 6.4 Parking ..... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ..... .... 59 7 2020 Cumulative With Project Condition ............................................................ 60 7.1 15% TDM Reduction ............................................................................................. 60 7.2 30% TDM Reduction ............................................................................................. 65 7.3 Parking ................................................................................................................ 70 Centrum Distribution Center 1 June 1, 2009 Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 8 2030 Cumulative Without Project Condition....................................................... 71 8.1 Intersection Operating Conditions ..........................................................................71 8.2 Roadway Segment Operating Conditions ................................................................ 71 8.3 Signal Warrant Analysis .........................................................................................76 8.4 Transit, Pedestrian and Bicycle Operations ............................................................. 76 8.5 Parking ..... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ..... .... 76 9 2030 Cumulative With Project Condition ............................................................ 77 9.1 15% TDM Reduction .............................................................................................77 9.2 30% TDM Reduction .............................................................................................82 9.3 Parking ..... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ..... .... 88 10 Mitigation Measures ......................................................................................... 89 10.1 Intersection Mitigation Measures............................................................................ 89 10.2 Roadway Segment Mitigation Measures.................................................................. 91 11 CONCLUSION .................................................................................................... 92 Appendix A Level of Service Calculations Appendix B Signal Warrant Analysis LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 - Existing Volumes - Peak Hour Volumes ............................................................................. 24 Figure 2 - 2010 Background without Project Condition - Peak Hour Volumes ....................................... 29 Figure 3 - Peak Hour Project Trips - 15% TDM Reduction .................................................................40 Figure 4 - 2010 Background with Project Condition Peak Hour Volumes 15% TDM Reduction ............... 41 Figure 5 - Peak Hour Project Trips - 30% TDM Reduction .................................................................46 Figure 6 - 2010 Background with Project Condition Peak Hour Volumes 30% TDM Reduction ............... 47 Figure 7 - 2020 Cumulative without Project Traffic Volumes - Peak Hour Volumes ............................... 58 Figure 8 - 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition - Peak Hour Volumes - 15% TDM Reduction ........... 61 Figure 9 - 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition - Peak Hour Volumes - 30% TDM Reduction ........... 66 Figure 10 - 2030 Cumulative without Project Traffic Volumes - Peak Hour Volumes ............................. 75 Figure 11 - 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition - Peak Hour Volumes - 15% TDM Reduction .........78 Figure 12 - 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition - Peak Hour Volumes - 30% TDM Reduction .........84 Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 2 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS LIST OF TABLES Table ES 1 - AM Peak Hour Intersection Level of Service ................................................................................................... 7 Table ES 2 - PM Peak Hour Intersection Level of Service ...................................................................................................8 Table ES 3 - AM Peak Hour Roadway Segment Level of Service Summary........................................................................... 9 Table ES 4 - PM Peak Hour Roadway Segment Level of Service Summary..........................................................................ll Table 1 - Signalized and Unsignalized Intersection LOS Thresholds....................................................................................16 Table 2 _ Level of Service Criteria for Arterials..................................................................................................................18 Table 3 - Level of Service Criteria for Freeways 8ased on Volume-to-Capacity Ratios..........................................................18 Table 4 - Existing Condition Intersection Level of Service..................................................................................................21 Table S - Existing Condition Roadway Segment Level of Service Analysis ...........................................................................22 Table 6 - Existing Conditions Signal Warrant Analysis .......................................................................................................26 Table 7 _ 2010 8ackground without Project Condition Intersection Level of Service ............................................................30 Table 8 - 2010 8ackground without Project Condition Roadway Segment Level of Service Analysis......................................31 Table 9 - 2010 8ackground without Project Condition Signal Warrant Analysis ...................................................................33 Table 10 - Trip Generation Rates.....................................................................................................................................36 Table 11- Proposed Project Trip Generation - lS% TDM Reduction ..................................................................................37 Table 12 - Proposed Project Trip Generation - 30% TDM Reduction..................................................................................38 Table 13 - Proposed Project Trip Distribution ...................................................................................................................38 Table 14 - 2010 8ackground with Project Condition Intersection Level of Service - lS% TDM Reduction .............................42 Table IS - 2010 8ackground with Project Condition Roadway Segment Level of Service Analysis - lS% TDM Reduction ......43 Table 16 - 2010 8ackground with Project Condition Signal Warrant Analysis - lS% TDM Reduction ....................................4S Table 17 - 2010 8ackground with Project Condition Intersection Level of Service - 30% TDM Reduction .............................48 Table 18 - 2010 8ackground with Project Condition Roadway Segment Level of Service Analysis - 30% TDM Reduction ......49 Table 19 - 2010 8ackground with Project Condition Signal Warrant Analysis - 30% TDM Reduction ....................................SI Table 20 - 2020 Cumulative without Project Condition Intersection Level of Service ...........................................................SS Table 21 - 2020 Cumulative without Project Condition Roadway Segment Level of Service Analysis.....................................S6 Table 22 - 2020 Cumulative without Project Condition Signal Warrant Analysis ..................................................................S9 Table 23 - 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition Intersection Level of Service - lS% TDM Reduction ..............................62 Table 24 - 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition Roadway Segment Level of Service Analysis - lS% TDM Reduction .......63 Table 2S - 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition Signal Warrant Analysis - lS% TDM Reduction .....................................6S Table 26 - 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition Intersection Level of Service - 30% TDM Reduction ..............................67 Table 27 - 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition Roadway Segment Level of Service Analysis - 30% TDM Reduction .......68 Table 28 - 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition Signal Warrant Analysis - 30% TDM Reduction .....................................70 Table 29 - 2030 Cumulative without Project Condition Intersection Level of Service ...........................................................72 Table 30 - 2030 Cumulative without Project Condition Roadway Segment Level of Service Analysis.....................................73 Table 31 - 2030 Cumulative without Project Condition Signal Warrant Analysis ..................................................................76 Table 32 - 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition Intersection Level of Service - lS% TDM Reduction ..............................79 Table 33 - 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition Roadway Segment Level of Service Analysis - lS% TDM Reduction .......80 Table 34 - 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition Signal Warrant Analysis - lS% TDM Reduction .....................................82 Table 3S - 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition Intersection Level of Service - 30% TDM Reduction ..............................8S Table 36 - 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition Roadway Segment Level of Service Analysis - 30% TDM Reduction .......86 Table 37 - 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition Signal Warrant Analysis - 30% TDM Reduction .....................................88 Table 38 - Summary of Mitigation Measures -IS% TDM Reduction ..................................................................................91 Table 39 - Summary of Mitigation Measures - 30% TDM Reduction ...................................................................................91 Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 3 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The purpose of this study is to determine the potential transportation impacts of the proposed Centrum Distribution Center located in the City of South San Francisco. The proposed project consists of approximately 368,969 square feet of light industrial space, 245,797 square feet of warehousing space, 6,600 square feet for business and professional services, including a copy, print, and express shipping store, 1,500 square feet for an eatery without a drive-through, and 1,000 square feet for a convenience market. This report analyzed the traffic conditions of intersection and roadway segments during the weekday AM and PM peak hours. The operation of these intersections and roadway segments was evaluated for the following scenarios: Existing Condition, 2010 Background Condition, 2010 Background with Project Condition, 2030 Cumulative No Project Conditions and 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition. The "with project conditions" have been analyzed with both a 15% and a 30% trip reduction in conjunction with a Transportation Demand Management program. Table ES 1 and Table ES 2 provide a summary of the intersection operation Level of Service (LOS) analysis. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 4 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS Table ES 3 and Table ES 4 provide a summary of the roadway segment operation analysis. The project trips generated by Centrum Distribution Center were estimated based on the 8th edition of the ITE Trip Generation Manual with consideration given to Transportation Demand Management and passenger car equivalents for truck trips. Based on the analysis results and the threshold criteria, the proposed project would result in no significant transportation impacts to the study intersections under the 2010 Background with Project Condition due to the development of the Centrum Distribution Center. For the 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition one intersection impact would occur. Finally, during the 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition, three intersection impacts would occur. Existing Condition Under the Existing Condition, 12 study intersections would operate at acceptable Level of Services (LOS D or better) during the AM and PM peak hours. All of the 16 roadway segments would also operate at acceptable Levels of Service (LOS D or better for arterials, LOS E for US 101) during both of the peak hours. 2010 Background without Project Condition During the AM and PM peak hours, all of the study intersections and roadway segments would continue to operate at acceptable LOS. 2010 Background with Project Condition During the AM and PM peak hours, all of the study intersections and roadway segments for the 15% and 30% Transportation Demand Management (TDM) programs would continue to operate at acceptable LOS. 2020 Cumulative without Project Condition Three intersections during the AM peak hour and two intersections during the PM peak hour would operate at unacceptable Levels of Service. During the AM peak hour, East Grand Avenue intersections at Airport Boulevard, US 101 northbound off-ramps, and Gateway Boulevard would all operate at LOS F. East Grand Avenue and Airport Boulevard and San Mateo Avenue and Airport Boulevard would respectively operate at LOS E and F during the PM peak hour. No roadway segments would operate at unacceptable Levels of Service. 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition Three intersections would experience a significant impact under the 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition during the PM peak hour for both the 15% and 30% TDM programs. The impact at East Grand Avenue and Airport Boulevard would be mitigated to a less than significant level by lane restriping and modifications. At San Mateo Avenue and Airport Boulevard, the impact would be mitigated to a less than significant level by lane restriping and modifications to the intersections geometry. The impact at San Bruno Avenue and US 101 southbound ramps would be mitigated to less than significant level by restriping as well. 2030 Cumulative without Project Condition Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 5 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS Four intersections during the respective AM and PM peak hours would operate at unacceptable Levels of Service. For the AM peak hour, intersections of East Grand Avenue at Airport Boulevard, US 101 northbound off-ramps, and at Gateway Boulevard would all operate at LOS F. Additionally during the AM peak hour, San Bruno Avenue at US 101 southbound ramps would also operate at LOS F. LOS F conditions would also exist during the PM peak hour at East Grand Avenue and Airport Boulevard and at East Grand Avenue and Gateway Boulevard. San Mateo Avenue and Airport Boulevard and the northbound approach to the intersection of US 101 southbound ramps at San Bruno Avenue would operate at LOS F. All other intersections in both peak hours would continue to operate at acceptable LOS. The roadway segment on Airport Boulevard from San Mateo Avenue to Terminal Court would operate at LOS F during the PM peak hour. All other roadway segments would operate at acceptable LOS. 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition For the 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition, one intersection during the AM peak hour and three intersections during the PM peak hour would experience a significant impact for both the 15% and 30% TDM programs. During the AM peak hour, the impact at the intersection of Grand Avenue and Airport Boulevard would be mitigated by lane restriping. Three intersections would experience a significant impact under the 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition during the PM peak hour. The impact at East Grand Avenue and Airport Boulevard would be mitigated to a less than significant level by lane restriping and modifications to the intersection geometry. At San Mateo Avenue and Airport Boulevard, the impact would be mitigated to a less than significant level by lane restriping and modifications to the intersections geometry. The impact at San Bruno Avenue and US 101 southbound ramps would be mitigated to less than significant level by restriping as well. The study concluded that the proposed development of the Centrum Distribution Center would also result in a significant and unavoidable cumulative project transportation impact to one roadway segment, Airport Boulevard from San Mateo Avenue to Terminal Court, under the 2030 Cumulative with Project PM peak hour scenario. One roadway segment, Airport Boulevard from San Mateo Avenue to Terminal Court would experience a significant impact during the PM peak hour. This impact would be mitigated by adding additional southbound capacity between these two streets. Even though the decrease in travel speed would be minimal, the impact would be significant and unavoidable. A Caltrans Peak Hour Signal Warrant analysis was performed at the single unsignalized study intersection. Based on the signal warrant analysis, the intersection of San Bruno Avenue and US 101 northbound right-turn off-ramp satisfies the peak hour signal warrant under the 2020 Cumulative Condition PM peak hour. An AM peak hour signal warrant for this intersection would be satisfied under the 2030 Cumulative Conditions. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 6 June 1, 2009 ~~ .~ ~ (j:;; ~~ ~n c:i~ f; .~ I . 6 >:;::;:2: :;::;'iJo . c >- ~8~ a ~ g o .0' 81>: N f; .~ ~ . 0 >:;::;:2: :;::;'iJo . c >- ~8~ o u ~ U .- o .0' 81>: N . o~B g:; 'iJ >- N E Ei f\J a u ~ f; .~ ~ ~ 0 c:;::;:2: ~-g~ ~8~ . u 0 ~ . M :::;[ ~ c o "'0:;::; Vl ~'g~g " 0 _ ~u >- tit:-s- ~ .9l,LIl 0_ 36: I ~f; ", ~ ::: ~ g ~ ~'g >- lil 8 f\J to ~ ~ "~ . 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C 0 . . l5~ N M .. ~ ~ ~ ~' ~ '" ~ >- i'i it; >I '" a I:i: ~ t,~ ~~~ j;:!tj~ " .- " h~ t::'ii5~ a.::~ OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 2 INTRODUCTION The report provides an evaluation of the potential transportation impacts due to the proposed Centrum distribution center in the City of South San Francisco. The proposed project consists of a 245,797 square foot warehousing facility, a 368,969 light industrial center, 6,600 square feet of copy, print, and express shipping store, a 1,500 square feet eatery without a drive-through, and a 1,000 square feet convenience market. Currently, 50,000 square feet of active warehousing space exists on the site. The project site is located on the southern edge of South San Francisco approximately 1.5 miles south of downtown, 0.25 miles west of US 101, and a tenth of a mile north of I-380. The project site fronts San Mateo Avenue to the west and Hornet Avenue, a service road, to the north. Based on the 1999 City of South San Francisco General Plan update, the project site is designated for "Mixed Industrial" land uses and is part of the "Loft Overlay District". The transportation analysis represented in this study incorporates data provided by traffic counts performed by WIL TEC in January, 2009, the City of South San Francisco, and the County of San Mateo. 2.1 Analysis Methodology The following intersections and roadway segments were evaluated to determine the traffic conditions during the weekday AM and PM peak hours: Study Intersections: 1. Miller Avenue and Airport Boulevard 2. East Grand Avenue and Airport Boulevard 3. East Grand Avenue and Industrial Way / US 101 northbound off-ramp 4. East Grand Avenue and Gateway Boulevard 5. San Mateo Avenue and Airport Boulevard 6. US 101 northbound on/off-ramp and South Airport Boulevard 7. South Linden Avenue and Dollar Avenue 8. Shaw Road and San Mateo Avenue 9. San Bruno Avenue and San Mateo Avenue 10. San Bruno Avenue and US 101 southbound on/off-ramp 11. San Bruno Avenue and US 101 northbound on/off-ramp (signalized) 12. San Bruno Avenue and US 101 northbound-right off-ramp (unsigalized) It should be noted that intersections 11 and 12 are analyzed as different intersections. San Bruno Avenue and US 101 northbound on/off-ramp is a signalized intersection which provides traffic control for the northbound off-ramp left and through movements. The San Bruno Avenue and US 101 northbound-right off-ramp provides traffic control for the northbound off-ramp right movement and is also analyzed for signal warrant criteria. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 13 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS Roadway and Highway Segments: 1. Airport Boulevard between Grand Avenue and Baden Avenue 2. Airport Boulevard between 2,d Lane and San Mateo Avenue 3. Airport Boulevard between San Mateo Avenue and Terminal Court 4. San Mateo Avenue between Airport Boulevard and Lowrie Avenue 5. San Mateo Avenue between Tanforan Avenue and Atlantic Avenue 6. San Mateo Avenue between Walnut Street and San Bruno Avenue 7. Grand Avenue between Airport Boulevard and NB US 101 off-ramp 8. San Bruno Avenue between Huntington Avenue and San Mateo Avenue 9. San Bruno Avenue between San Mateo Avenue and 2,d Avenue 10. San Bruno Avenue between 7'h Avenue and SB US 101 on/off-ramp 11. San Bruno Avenue between SB US 101 ramps and NB US 101 ramps 12. US 101 between San Francisco Airport and San Bruno Avenue 13. US 101 between San Bruno Avenue and I-380 14. US 101 between I-380 and Mitchell Avenue 15. US 101 between Mitchell Avenue and Grand Avenue 16. US 101 between Grand Avenue and Oyster Point Boulevard Intersections and roadway segments have been evaluated for the following traffic scenarios: Existing Condition - Operation analysis based on existing peak hour volumes and existing intersection and roadway segment lane geometry. 2010 Background Condition - Based on growth factors estimated from the County of San Mateo's Transportation Demand Model. 2010 Background with Project Condition - 2010 Background Condition plus project-generated traffic estimated for the Centrum distribution center. The two "with project" conditions are analyzed with a 15% and 30% trip generation reduction with the implementation of a Transportation Demand Management program. 2020 Cumulative No Project Condition - Based on growth factors estimated from the County of San Mateo's Transportation Demand Model. 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition - 2020 Cumulative No Project Condition plus project generated traffic estimated for the Centrum distribution center. The two "with project" conditions are analyzed with a 15% and 30% trip generation reduction with the implementation of a Transportation Demand Management program. 2030 Cumulative No Project Condition - Based on growth factors estimated from the County of San Mateo's Transportation Demand Model. 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition - 2030 Cumulative No Project Condition plus project generated traffic estimated for the Centrum distribution center. The two Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 14 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS "with project" conditions are analyzed with a 15% and 30% trip generation reduction with the implementation of a Transportation Demand Management program. 2.2 Data Collection 2.2.1 Peak Hour Traffic Volumes Intersection Volumes: Intersection turning movement volumes for the study intersections were performed by WIL TEC in January, 2009. AM and PM peak hours were included for analysis since it is expected that daily staff shift changes would occur during these two periods. Freeway Volumes: Existing peak hour traffic volumes on US-101 were obtained from the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), District 4, and from California Freeway Performance Measurement System (PeMS) data for Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Thursdays between March 1, 2008 and March 1, 2009. 2.2.2 Intersection and Roadway Configuration Site visits were conducted in January, 2009, to confirm lane configuration and traffic control at study intersections and roadway segments. 2.3 Level of Service Calculations The Level of Service (LOS) at the selected study intersections and roadway segments was determined on methodology described below. 2.3.1 Intersection Level of Service Intersection analysis was conducted using the criteria described in the City/ County Association of Governments (C/CAG) 2007 Congestion Management Program and utilized the Highway Capacity Software (HCS 2000) for the analysis where appropriate. For reference purposes, LOS as defined in the HCM is a quality measure describing operating conditions within a traffic stream. It is generally described in terms such as service measures as speed and travel time, freedom to maneuver, traffic interruptions, and comfort and convenience. LOS at study intersections was calculated using TRAFFIX software for signalized and unsignalized intersections. Level of Service (LOS) Definition: The LOS evaluation indicates the degree of congestion that occurs during peak travel periods and is the principal measure of roadway and intersection performance. Level of Service can range from "A" representing free-flow conditions, to "F" representing extremely long delays. LOS Band C signify stable conditions with acceptable delays. LOS D is typically considered acceptable for a peak hour in urban areas. LOS E is approaching capacity and LOS F represents conditions at or above capacity. The correlation between average stopped delay and level of service for both signalized and unsignalized intersections is shown in Table 1. Centrum Distribution Center 15 June 1, 2009 Traffic Impact Study ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS Table 1 - Signalized and Unsignalized Intersection LOS Thresholds Level Vehicle Delay (seconds/vehicle) Description of Signalized Unsignalized Service Intersections Intersections' Free Flow/Insignificant Delays: No approach A Delay ~ 10.0 Delay ~ 10.0 phase is fully utilized and no vehicle waits longer than one red indication. Stable Operation/Minimal Delays: An 8 10 < Delay ~ 20.0 10.0 < Delay ~ lS.0 occasional approach phase is fully utilized. Many drivers design to feel somewhat restricted within platoon of vehicles. Stable Operation/Acceptable Delays: Major C 20.0 < Delay ~ 3S.0 lS.0 < Delay ~ 2S.0 approach phases fully utilized. Most drivers feel somewhat restricted. Approaching UnstablefTolera ble Delays: Drivers may have to wait through more than D 3S.0 < Delay ~ SS.O 2S.0 < Delay ~ 3S.0 one red signal indication. Queues may develop but dissipate rapidly, without excessive delays. Unstable Operation/Sig n ifica nt Delays: E SS.O < Delay ~ 80.0 3S.0 < Delay ~ SO.O Volumes at or near capacity. Vehicles may wait through several signal cycles. Long queues from upstream from intersection. Forced flow/Excessive Delays: Represents F Delay> 80.0 Delay> SO.O jammed conditions. Intersection operates below capacity with low volumes. Queues may block upstream intersections. Unsignalized Intersections At unsignalized intersections, each approach to the intersection is evaluated separately and assigned a LOS. The level of service is based on the delay at the worst approach for two-way stop controlled intersections. Total delay is defined as the total elapsed time from when a vehicle stops at the end of the queue until the vehicle departs from the stop line. This time includes the time required for the vehicle to travel from the last-in-queue position to the first-in- queue position. Signalized Intersections At signalized intersections, level of service is evaluation on the basis of average stopped delay for all vehicles at the intersection. Centrum Distribution Center 16 June 1, 2009 Traffic Impact Study ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 2.3.2 Roadway Segment Level of Service Roadway segment analysis was conducted using the criteria described in the City/ County Association of Governments (C/CAG) 2007 Congestion Management Program and utilized the Highway Capacity Software (HCS 2000) for the analysis where appropriate. For the purposes of the traffic analysis, two types of roadways were identified: arterials and freeways. Arterials Arterials are generally larger capacity roads tying smaller residential streets to areas of commercial and retail activity and also connect to freeways. In the area of the project site, Airport Boulevard, Linden Avenue, San Mateo Avenue, Grand Avenue, and San Bruno Avenue are considered arterials. Under the 2007 Congestion Management Program, levels of service for arterials are dependent on the arterial class denoted as Type I, II, or III. Type I arterials are principal arterials with suburban design, 1 to 5 signals per mile, no parking and free-flow speeds of 35 to 45 miles per hour. Type III arterials have urban designs, with 6 to 12 signals per mile, parking permitted and are undivided with free-flow speeds of 25 to 35 miles per hour. Type II arterials fall between Type I and II and have free-flow speeds of 30 to 35 miles per hour. The LOS for arterials is based on maneuverability, delays, and speeds, As the volume increases, the probability of stopping at an intersection due to a red signal indication increases and the LOS decreases. The specific LOS criteria from the HCM is presented in Table 2. Freeways According to the 2007 Congestion Management Program, a freeway is defined as a "divided highway facility with two or more lanes in each direction and full control of access and egress. It has no intersections; access and egress are provided by ramps at interchanges." As an example, US 101 is considered a freeway. For freeway segments, a calculation method based on the v/c ratio was selected for the 2007 Congestion Management Program. Volumes on each roadway segment in each direction are divided by the capacity, estimated to be 2,200 vehicles per hour per lane on freeways. For this report, the freeway free-flow speed was determined to be 65 miles per hour. The v/c ratio for freeways with a 65 mile per hour free flow speed is related to LOS based on the information in Table 3. It should be noted that LOS E and LOS D are the operating standards for US 101 and I 280 near the study area. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 17 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS Table 2 - Level of Service Criteria for Arterials Average Travel Speed (miles per hour) Arterial Class I II III Range of Free Flow 3S to 4S 30 to 3S 2S to 3S Speeds Typical Free Flow Speed 40 33 27 A 2. 3S 2. 30 2. 2S 8 2. 28 2. 24 2. 19 C 2. 22 2. 18 2. 13 D 2. 17 2. 14 2.9 E 2. 13 2. 10 2.7 F < 13 < 10 < 7 Source: San Mateo County Congestion Management Agency, 2007 Table 3 - Level of Service Criteria for Freeways Based on Volume-to-Capacity Ratios 6S mph Free-Flow Speed Level of Service Density' Speedb Maximumc MSP' (pcjmijln) (mph) VjC (pcphpl) A 10.0 6S.0 0.29S 6S0 8 16.0 6S.0 0.473 1,040 C 24.0 64.S 0.704 I,S48 D 32.0 61.0 0.887 1,9S2 E 39.3 S6.0 1.000 2,200 F Variable Variable Variable Variable Notes: a Density in passenger cars per mile per lane b Average travel speed in miles per hour C Maximum volume-to-capackty ratio d Maximum service flow rate under ideal conditions in passenger cars per hour per lane Source: Transportation Research Board, Highway Capacity Manual, Special Report 209 (Washington, D.C., 1994), pp. 3-9 Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 18 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 3 EXISTING CONDITION The following section presents an analysis of the existing conditions of various transportation system components. 3.1 Roadway Network The roadway network surrounding the project site includes areas of the City of South San Francisco and the City of San Bruno and is comprised of freeways, highways, arterials, parkways, collector streets and local streets. Regional access to the project site is provided by I-280, I-380, and US 101 while locally, the project site is along San Mateo Avenue north of San Bruno Avenue. Additionally, small collector and local streets connect the project site to I-280, I-380, and US 101. 1-280 - This eight-lane freeway generally runs in the north-south direction 1.25 miles west of the project site. It is one of two major regional freeways on the peninsula and has its northern and southern termini respectively in San Francisco and San Jose. In the vicinity of the project site, I-280 supports four mixed use lanes in each direction. I-280 has an Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) of approximately 107,000 vehicles south of I-380 including 11,200 during the peak hour; and approximately 175,000 north of I-380 including 13,400 during the peak hour. Additionally, access to and from I-280 from the project site is via interchanges with San Bruno Avenue. 1-380 - This eight-lane spur freeway runs in the east-west direction for 1.5 miles between I- 280 and US 101 and is approximately a tenth of a mile south of the project site. I-380 has an Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) of approximately 124,000 vehicles west of SR 82 with 9,300 vehicles during the peak hour; and approximately 145,000 vehicles east of SR 82 with 10,900 vehicles during the peak hour. Access to and from I-380 from the project site is most nearly accessed from EI Camino Real / SR 82. US 101 - An eight-lane freeway running in the north-south direction, US 101 is approximately half a mile east of the project site. US 101 is over 1500 miles long and runs between Los Angeles and Olympia, WA, and is a major regional freeway on the peninsula. The freeway has an AADT of approximately 240,000 vehicles south of I-380 including 16,700 vehicles during the peak hour. Additionally, north of I-380 the AADT is approximately 214,000 vehicles and 15,200 vehicles during the peak hour. The most direct route from the project site is via the interchange with San Bruno Avenue. State Route 82 (SR 82) - SR 82 (EI Camino Real) is an arterial which extends north from the Santa Clara County line across the San Francisco County line. The arterial is approximately half a mile west of the project site and has six lanes with three in each direction. In the vicinity of the project site, the roadway has an AADT of approximately 37,500 vehicles south of I-380 including 3,000 during the peak hour. North of I-380, the AADT is 39,500 with 3,450 vehicles during the peak hour. Centrum Distribution Center 19 June 1, 2009 Traffic Impact Study ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS San Mateo Avenue - San Mateo Avenue is a two-lane arterial extending from Produce Avenue north of the project site to SR 82 south of the project site. Generally running north- south, it provides frontage for the project site and also allows for on-street parking for much of its length. In addition to legal parking spaces, field observations indicated many illegally parked vehicles. San Bruno Avenue - This facility is a four-lane arterial running between South Airport Boulevard to the east and SR 35 to the west. San Bruno Avenue intersects with US 101 and I- 280 and provides connections between the project site and these two freeway facilities. On- street parking is not permitted along any segment of San Bruno Avenue. 3.2 Existing Intersection Operating Conditions Level of service calculations were performed at 12 intersections for the weekday AM and PM peak hours. The AM peak hour is the highest one-hour period between 7:00 AM and 9:00 AM while the PM peak hour is the highest on-hour traffic volume between 4:00 PM and 6:00 PM. Figure 1 illustrates the existing intersection traffic volumes at each study intersection. Table 4 summarizes the results of the intersection level of service for the existing condition. Based on the LOS results, all of the 12 intersections currently operate at LOS D or better during the respective AM and PM peak hours. Appendix A includes the detailed calculation level of service analysis sheets, including weekday AM and PM peak hours. 3.3 Existing Roadway Segment Operating Conditions Based on the classification of the roadway segments described earlier, 11 arterial roadway segments and 5 freeway segments were evaluated for the existing AM and PM peak hour operating conditions. Table 5 provides a summary of the roadway segments operational condition under Existing Conditions. As shown in Table 5, all roadway segments currently operate at or above LOS D with the exception of northbound US 101 between I-380 and Mitchell Avenue during the AM peak hour. Detailed level of service calculations are included in Appendix A. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 20 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS Table 4 - Existing Condition Intersection Level of Service AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour No Intersection Location Control LOS b Delay' Delay LOS 1 Miller Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized 33.8 C 17.7 8 2 East Grand Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized 36.3 D 43.1 D 3 East Grand Avenue / US 101 N8 off-ramp Signalized 36.S D 18.9 8 4 East Signa lized 33.0 C 29.9 C Grand Avenue / Gateway 80ulevard S San Mateo Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized 29.6 C 37.6 D 6 US 101 N8 Ramps / South Airport 80ulevard Signalized 26.3 C 32.3 C 7 South Linden Avenue / Dollar Avenue Signa lized 13.1 8 7.1 A 8 Shaw Road / San Mateo Avenue Signalized 14.9 8 13.9 8 9 San 8runo Avenue / San Mateo Avenue Signalized 20.3 C 22.4 C 10 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 S8 Ramps Signalized 19.2 8 28.9 C 11 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 N8 Ramps Signalized 2S.1 C 28.8 C 12 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 N8 Ramps - N8 Rt Unsignalized 3.1 2.8 N8 Approach 11.6 8 10.8 8 S8 Approach 8.9 A 10.4 8 ~ DKS Associates Notes: a. 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Signalized Intersection o Unsignalized Intersection AM (PM) Peak HourVolumes DKS Associates TRANSPORTATION SOLUTIONS "'ll r ,A:"'e '"III" '"II r "<:j"<.O!..."l _ Nm ,"",('f)..,- " '" 2 3 S,AJroortBI'"'d San\/ateoAve M o 0) '- 11 (25) <.0 _ 6(38) Il, ,14(76) 'j\'aterc:o,p- ~" mm "N ..,- "-- ~~ " 0 mN _ 160 (233) ,28(51) J l, _ 94(121) SLinden \:BU,S SLinden EI.s ('T/'''ffPamn v (352) 9D7 J (24) 87- (115) 377. ,Aye '"I r A"(134) 129J (136) 120- '"Ilr o am ~ M" ~ N 6" ro !CC (215) 204- (106) 43. ro " m" 00 a:, e'2 6 7 Do::ar,Aye 8 San Bruno 0;- m ;? m co "a ~ N - 306 (546) , 106 (338) ,J l, A'JeEast (374) 452- (300) 312. 10 101 Pr:vateRd 0;' e San Bruno ro '- 50 (10) J - 225 (629) Ave East (300)416- ,. ro M N a M !CC 12 IJS FIGURE 1 Existing Scenario Intersection Volumes OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 3.4 Existing Condition Traffic Signal Warrant Analysis A traffic signal warrant analysis is a method which defines the minimum conditions where a traffic signal may be applicable for an existing unsignalized intersection. While meeting the warrant criteria does not ensure that a signal is justified at a certain location (since there are many factors which influence the effectiveness of a traffic signal), it does establish the minimum conditions under which a traffic signal can be considered. Conversely, not meeting the signal warrant suggests that a traffic signal should not be installed and alternative traffic control solutions should be explored. A traffic signal warrant analysis was conducted at all unsignalized intersections in accordance with the California Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) - Section 4C. The unsignalized intersection was investigated if the signal warrants for the "Peak Hour" was met. The signal warrant is met when either of the two following criteria is satisfied. Criterion 1: The criterion is satisfied when all three of the following conditions exist in the same one hour of an average day: 1. The total stopped time delay experienced by the traffic on one minor-street approach (one direction only) controlled by a STOP sign equals or exceeds: 4 vehicle-hours for a one-lane approach; or 5 vehicle-hours for a two-lane approach, and 2. The volume on the same minor-street approach (one direction only) equals or exceeds 100 vehicles per hour for one moving lane of traffic of 150 vehicles per hour for two moving lanes and 3. The total entering volume serviced during the hour equals or exceeds 650 vehicles per hour for intersections with three approaches or 800 vehicles per hour for intersections with four or more approaches. Criterion 2: The criterion is satisfied when the plotted point representing the vehicles per hour on the major street (total of both approaches) and the corresponding vehicles per hour on the higher-volume minor-street approach (one direction only) for 1 hour (any four consecutive 150 minute periods) of an average day falls above the applicable Peak Hour Warrant Curves (illustrated in Appendix B) for the existing combination of approach lanes. Table 6 summarizes the results of the signal warrant analysis. Detail analysis results are contained in Appendix B. Based on the results, the intersection of San Bruno Avenue and NB US-101 off-ramps northbound-right does not meet the signal warrant criteria for neither the AM nor the PM peak hours. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 25 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS Table 6 - Existing Conditions Signal Warrant Analysis AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour Intersection Criteria Criteria Warrant Criteria Criteria Warrant 1 2 Met? 1 2 Met? San 8runo Ave / N8 US-101 Off-Ramp N8-Right No No No No No No Source: DKS Associates 3.5 Transit, Pedestrian and Bicycle Operations 3.5.1 Existing Transit Operations Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) operates a commuter rail public transit system with 43 stations through San Francisco, Alameda, Contra Costa, and San Mateo Counties. The five lines provide regular service between 4:00 AM and midnight with trains for each line arriving every 15 minutes. In the vicinity of the project site, the San Bruno Station is approximately on-third of a mile west of the proposed Centrum Distribution Center. Between October 2007 and September 2008, the average weekday exits at this station was 2,574 riders. The San Mateo County Transit District (Sam Trans) operates 55 bus routes throughout San Mateo County and link to areas of San Francisco and Palo Alto. SamTrans buses connect to BART and Caltrain Stations while providing local and express service to the county. The closest SamTrans routes are near the San Bruno BART Station, approximately one-third of a mile near west of the project site. The 133, 140, 141, 391, 38, and 43 bus routes all stop at the San Bruno BART Station. 3.5.2 Existing Pedestrian Facilities Existing sidewalks in the area are between five and twelve feet in wide and are provided in most areas near the project site. Crosswalk striping is not provided at most unsignalized intersections however, crosswalk striping is provided at signalized intersection including the equidistant signalized intersections of San Mateo Avenue at San Bruno Avenue and San Mateo Avenue at Linden Avenue. The sidewalks in the vicinity of the project site are generally in acceptable condition with some exceptions near auto repair shops. Some sidewalk furniture is present the area which includes light poles, fire hydrants, street sign poles, trees in some areas, and mailboxes. Additionally, the sidewalks are generally adjacent to the street with no parkways providing a buffer between the two. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 26 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 3.5.3 Bicycle Facilities In the City of South San Francisco, there are three different bicycle facility classifications: . Bike Paths (Class I facilities) - Paved facilities that are physically separated from roadways used by motor vehicles by space of a physical barrier and are designated for bicycle use. . Bike Lanes (Class II facilities) - Lanes on the outside edge of roadways reserved for the exclusive use of bicycles designated with special signing and pavement markings. . Bike Routes (Class III facilities) - Roadways recommended for use by bicycles and often connect roadways with bike lanes and bike paths. Bike routes are designated with signs. San Mateo Avenue, which serves as the access road for the project site, is classified as a bike route in the City's General Plan. North of the project site, Airport Boulevard is also classified as a bike route. No existing bicycle facilities near the project site are identified in the City of San Bruno General Plan. 3.6 Existing Parking Off-Street Parkino Between the two lots, there are approximately 920 parking spaces available for use. Of these spaces, 670 belong to an airport parking facility while the remaining 250 are on the current site. Access to the two parking areas have separate entrance/exits off of San Mateo Avenue approximately 0.4 miles north of San Bruno Avenue. On-Street Parkino On-street parking in the vicinity of the project site is generally scarce. Along San Mateo Avenue, parking regulations and restrictions limit the number of potential parking spaces. The existing parking supply is often highly utilized during weekday since many of the industrial uses in the area do not have private parking areas and must use park along the curbside. During DKS field visits, some vehicles were observed to be parking illegally due to the high on-street parking demand (e.g. blocking driveways, in red curb zones, during street sweeping hours). Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 27 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 4 2010 BACKGROUND WITHOUT PROJECT CONDITION This section discusses the traffic operating conditions of the study intersections and roadway segments under the 2010 Background without Project Condition. The 2010 Background Conditions includes the existing traffic volumes plus the additions of background growth traffic derived from the CjCAG travel forecast model. The background and cumulative growth volumes have been calculated by using the CjCAG traffic forecast model which provides 2005 and forecasted 2030 traffic volumes. Using a furness process between the 2009 existing field volumes, CjCAG 2005, and CjCAG 2030 traffic volumes, 2010 Background, 2020 Cumulative, and 2030 Cumulative traffic volumes were estimated. 4.1 Intersection Operating Conditions Figure 2 illustrates the 2010 Background without Project Condition intersection traffic volumes at each study intersection. Table 7 summarizes the results of the intersection Level of Service calculations for the 2010 Background Conditions. Detailed Level of Service calculations for the Background Conditions are contained in Appendix A. Under 2010 Background Conditions, no intersections would deteriorate from an acceptable LOS (LOS D or better) to a deficient LOS (LOS E or F) during either peak hour. 4.2 Roadway Segment Operating Conditions Table 8 summarizes the analysis result of the study roadway segments under the 2010 Background Conditions. Based on the results, all of the study roadway segments would continue to operate at acceptable LOS (LOS D or better) except for a northbound segment of US 101 between I-380 and Mitchell Avenue during the AM peak hour. Appendix A includes the detailed calculation level of service analysis sheets, including weekday AM and PM peak hours. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 28 June 1, 2009 I\,t:ler ,J l Ave (89) 131. 1 San .~Ye (104) 45J (174) 146- (201) 109. 5 m~," MNW San Ave'llliest (428)413- (2)4. 9 San Bruno ,J l. Ave East (260) 256 J (233)410- 11 ~ ~" l' ,Ajrpoi 3:vd m \.. 1 (5) _ 118 (244) r 514 (300) SBUS,101 ,Ajrpoi 3:vd Gate,""'ay3\'d ro M '" c_ W \.. 82 (167) -118(278) r 205 (636) Grand - 356 (1,348) r 7(16) roo Nro E. Grand,J t l. A,,, (70) 143 J (326) 1,579- (58) 45 . o M~ W M~ ,,,",..,-(0 m eo. \.. 63 (131) - 249 (1,056) .'29 (420) Grand ,J ll. ,"00 w'" .~- 0.,,,", M," _ W '--~ Cff-R,amp ,A:"'e(166) 237 J (70) 131- (87) 69. (274) 1,027- (14)29. "'l I 3:vd \.. 139 (259) - 184 (205) .258 (913) S,A:" oi "'llr ,"0 WN 6i" ~ Produ:eA'Je Sanl\,1ateo,Aye l l. \.. 107 (59) _ 203 (450) r 78 (184) San Bruno "'ll r .~Ye.Eas: 0::0\ to' ~ 101 SS :::.-::!- r- '- 78 (185) :::: 01 _ 162 (289) "'l I row (0.,,,", 01:::.- m ;;;. 101 LEGEND . Signalized Intersection o Unsignalized Intersection AM (PM) Peak HourVolumes DKS Associates TRANSPORTATION SOLUTIONS "'ll r ,A:"'e '\ r 00 ro o 00 N ro 01(0 '" ro ~:::.- "01 4 '\11" '" roN _ NW ,,,",(0..,- c_ '" 2 3 S,AJroortBI'"'d San'/\,rteoAve '" ro 01 '- 11 (29) ((l -6(41) ll. .'4(78) 'j\'aterc:o,p- ~W wo '"~ - ,. ~ " woo aN _ 162 (235) r 27(51) ,J l. _115(124) S, Unden \:BU,S SUnden EI.s Ave, (137) 132 J (138) 117- "T/'''ffPamn v (358) 914 J (24) 89- (112)371. ,Aye "'llr ""l r 0)"'<:j'1'- W M" ~ N EO c_ ~ (215) 213- (105) 43. OW c_ " ~:: f=:' ec 6 7 Do::ar,Aye 8 'C1 San co o '" a co ,"0 _N - 306 (559) r 106 (340) l. A'JeEast (375) 483- (310) 338. 10 101 Pr:vateRd m San Bruno ,J - 218 (646) Ave East r (318) 484- M '" N GO M ~ 12 IJS FIGURE 2 2010 Background Without Project Volumes OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS Table 7 - 2010 Background without Project Condition Intersection Level of Service AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour No Intersection Location Control Delay' LOS b Delay LOS 1 Miller Avenue / Airport Boulevard Signalized 32.1 C 17.7 B 2 East Grand Avenue / Airport Boulevard Signalized 37.4 D 43.7 D 3 East Grand Avenue / US 101 NB off-ramp Signalized 46.4 D 18.7 B 4 East Grand Avenue / Gateway Boulevard Signalized 35.8 D 30.0 C 5 San Mateo Avenue / Airport Boulevard Signalized 29.9 C 39.1 D 6 US 101 NB Ramps / South Airport Boulevard Signalized 26.3 C 32.5 C 7 South Linden Avenue / Dollar Avenue Signalized 13.0 B 7.0 A 8 Shaw Road / San Mateo Avenue Signalized 15.4 B 13.9 B 9 San Bruno Avenue / San Mateo Avenue Signalized 20.3 C 22.5 C 10 San Bruno Avenue / US 101 SB Ramps Signalized 18.9 B 29.6 C 11 San Bruno Avenue / US 101 NB Ramps Signalized 25.2 C 29.3 C 12 San Bruno Avenue / US 101 NB Ramps - NB Rt Unsignalized 3.2 2.9 NB Approach 12.3 B 11.0 B SB Approach 8.8 A 10.4 B Source: DKS Associates Notes: a. 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LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ >- >- >- >- >- >- >- >- >- >- III ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ CO CO ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ III Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) ~ ~ .. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) U ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL >... 0 .. C c ,.., :l: CU " Q) 0 E ... ,.., "c:J CO ~ .. Cl c Cfl o CU CO => 1%U1 Cfl 0, ~ "J ,,<' CJ.J ~ "'i i:j h ~ ftJ ~ Oc: ~ t;: ~ I"" <: "'~ :a~bLJ ~1i)~ tit ,~ rtl ~ Cl ~r:: E:~~ ;:~ ~ ~!tl~ a~~ OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 4.3 Traffic Signal Warrant Analysis A traffic signal warrant analysis screening was conducted as per the Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD), California Supplement. Detailed traffic signal warrant analysis sheets are included in Appendix B. As shown in Table 9, at the single unsignalized intersection, the signal warrant would not be met for either peak hour. Table 9 - 2010 Background without Project Condition Signal Warrant Analysis AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour Intersection Criteria Criteria Warrant Criteria Criteria Warrant 1 2 Met? 1 2 Met? San 8runo Ave / N8 US-101 Off-Ramp N8-Right No No No No No No Source: DKS Associates 4.4 Transit, Pedestrian and Bicycle Operations There are no anticipated changes to transit, pedestrian and bicycle operations for the 2010 Background without Project Condition. All of these operations would continue to function as described in the Existing Conditions Section. 4.5 Parking Off-street and on-street parking conditions would remain the same as under the Existing Condition. No changes in parking would be expected. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 33 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 5 2010 BACKGROUND WITH PROJECT CONDITION This section evaluates the 2010 background traffic conditions plus project-generated traffic estimated for the proposed project. 5.1 Significance Criteria and Project Impacts Intersection and roadway segment significance criteria has been adopted from the 2007 San Mateo County Congestion Management Program (CMP). Based on the CMP standards, the acceptable operating level of service (LOS) is defined at LOS D unless defined differently by the 2007 CMP. In the area of the project site the 2007 CMP establishes that the roadway level of service standard for US 101 is LOS E. No CMP intersections are included in this study, based on the location of the proposed project and study intersections. However the City of South San Francisco also uses the criteria for the evaluation of local intersections. 5.1.1 Intersection Impact Criteria: For an intersection that is currently in compliance with the adopted LOS standard: a. A project will be considered to have an impact if the project will cause the intersection to operate at a level of service that violates the standard adopted. b. A project will be considered to have an impact if the cumulative analysis indicates that the combination of the proposed project and future cumulative traffic demand will result in the intersection to operate at a level of service that violates the standard adopted and the proposed project increases average control delay at the intersection by four (4) seconds or more. For an intersection that is not currently in compliance with the adopted LOS standard: a. A project is considered to have an impact if the project will add any additional traffic to the intersection that is currently not in compliance with its adopted level of service standard. 5.1.2 Roadway Segment Impact Criteria: Freeway Segments: For freeway segments currently in compliance with the adopted LOS standard: a. A project is considered to have an impact if the project will cause the freeway segment to operate at a level of service that violates the standard adopted Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 34 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS b. A project will be considered to have an impact if the cumulative analysis indicates that the combination of the proposed project and future cumulative traffic demand will result in the freeway segment to operate at a level of service that violates the standard adopted and the proposed project increases traffic demand on the freeway segment by an amount equal to one (1) percent or more of the segment capacity, or causes the freeway segment volume-to-capacity (vjc) ratio to increase by one (1) percent. For freeway segments currently not in compliance with the adopted LOS standard: a. A project is considered to have an impact if the project will add traffic demand equal to one (1) percent or more or the segment capacity or causes the freeway segment volume-to-capacity (vjc) ratio to increase by one (1) percent, if the freeway is currently not in compliance with the adopted LOS standard. Arterial Segments: The CMP states that the analysis of arterial segments is only required when a jurisdiction proposes to reduce the capacity of a designated arterial through reduction in the number of lanes, adding or modifying on-street parking, or other actions that will affect arterial segment performance. A project is considered to have an impact if it causes mid-block queuing, parking maneuvers resulting in delays or other impacts that result in any segment to operate at a level of service that violates the adopted LOS standard set for the nearest intersection. Additionally, an impact is determined if the average travel speed for the arterial segment is reduced by 4 miles per hour or more. This criterion was used in evaluating arterial segments. Although the project does not anticipate reducing the capacity of arterials through a reduction in the number of lanes, adding or modifying on-street parking, or other actions that may affect the segment performance, arterial segment analysis was performed for a more conservative, comprehensive traffic analysis. 5.2 Trip Generation The trip generation for the proposed project was based on the square footage of each land use at the project site, and standard trip generation rates for a warehousing, light industrial, convenience market, eatery without a drive-through, and print and shipping store land use, as published by the Institute of Transportation Engineers in the sth edition of the Trip Generation Handbook. The trip generation rates from the ITE Handbook were then applied to the respective square footages for each land use to develop the total number of trips generated by the proposed project. According to the information provided by Centrum Services, the proposed project would approximately 573,000 square feet of new development. It should be noted that this includes a Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 35 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 50,000 square foot credit for existing warehousing space on the project site. The trip generation also takes into account the number of heavy vehicle trips that would be part of the project. Due to the different vehicle characteristics between heavy vehicles and passenger cars, heavy vehicles were converted to passenger-car-equivalents (PCEs) by the ratio of 4 vehicle trips per one (1) truck trip. The trip generation also accounted for a proposed Transportation Demand Program, internal trip capture, and pass-by trips. The trip generation rates for each land use are detailed in Table 10. Table 10 - Trip Generation Rates ITE Land Trip Generation Rate ITE Land Use Size Use Code per 1000 square feet AM PM Liaht Industrial 368 969 sf 110 1.01 1.08 Warehousina 245 797 sf 150 0.42 0.45 Convenience Market 1,000 sf 852 33.00 36.00 CODV. Print and EXDress ShiD Store 6 600 sf 920 8.03 12.27 Eaterv w/o Drive- Throuah 1 500 sf 933 63.33 52.67 Notes: Land use sizes provided by Centrum. Trip Generation Rates from ITE Trip Generation Handbook. 5.2.1 Transportation Demand Management Program The City of South San Francisco requires that all nonresidential developments that generate more than 100 vehicle trips per day or a development seeking a floor area ratio bonus incorporate a Transportation Demand Management (TDM) into the site development. The TDM requires a reduction of generated vehicles based on the land use of the site. The TDM ordinance 20.120.010 encourages the following: . Implement a program designed to reduce the amount of traffic generated by the new development, and the expansion of existing nonresidential development pursuant to the City's police power and necessary in order to protect the public health, safety and welfare. . Ensure that expected increase in traffic resulting from growth in employment opportunities in the City of South San Francisco will be adequately mitigated. . Reduce drive-alone commute trips during peak traffic periods by using a combination of services, incentives, and facilities. . Promote the more efficient utilization of existing transportation facilities and ensure that new developments are designed in way to maximize the potential for alternative transportation usage. . Establish minimum TDM requirements for all new nonresidential development. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 36 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS . Allow reduced parking requirements for projects implementing the requirements of this chapter. . Establish an ongoing monitoring and enforcement program to ensure that the measures are implemented. The "with project" conditions were analyzed with a 30% trip reduction and a more conservative 15% trip reduction. For the purposes of the TIA, 20% of generated trips would utilize transit services (BART and Sam Trans) while the remaining 10% would participate in care share programs. Theses reductions are reflected in Table 10. The trip reduction would be accomplished through the support of alternative modes of transportation including transit, carpooling. Site-specific improvements may include shuttle services to Caltrain and BART and complimentary carpool parking. Additionally, providing amenities for pedestrians and bicyclists including bicycle racks and lockers would encourage the use of alternative modes of transportation. 5.2.2 Internal Capture and Pass-By Trip Reduction An internal trip capture reduction and pass-by trip reduction were calculated as part of the trip generation for the site. Chapter 7 of the ITE Trip Generation Handbook Based provides related information to calculate the overall internal capture for a mixed-use development. Using this resource, a 12% internal trip capture rate was calculated and has been applied to the trips generated by the project. Additionally, based on field observations and given the light-industrial nature of the area surrounding the project site, an addition 5% trip reduction for pass by was applied to the overall site-related trip generation. These reductions are reflected in Table 11 and Table 12. Table 11 - Proposed Project Trip Generation - 150/0 TDM Reduction Direction I Daily Trips I AM Peak Hour I PM Peak Hour I Trucks I Autos I Total I Trucks Autos Total I Trucks I Autos I Total Expressed as Vehicles Inbound 173 1542 1715 37 273 310 7 91 98 Outbound 173 1542 1715 9 86 95 41 292 333 Total 345 3084 3430 46 359 405 48 383 431 Passenqer Car Equivalent Inbound 690 1542 2232 148 273 421 28 91 119 Outbound 690 1542 2232 36 86 122 164 292 456 Total 1380 3084 4464 184 359 543 192 383 575 Source: DKS Associates Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 37 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS Table 12 - Proposed Project Trip Generation - 300/0 TDM Reduction Direction I Daily Trips I AM Peak Hour I PM Peak Hour I Trucks I Autos I Total I Trucks Autos Total I Trucks I Autos I Total Expressed as Vehicles Inbound 173 1369 1541 37 236 273 7 84 91 Outbound 173 1369 1541 9 77 86 41 251 292 Total 345 2737 3082 46 313 359 48 335 383 Passenqer Car Equivalent Inbound 690 1369 2059 148 236 384 28 84 112 Outbound 690 1369 2059 36 77 113 164 251 415 Total 1380 2737 4117 184 313 497 192 335 527 Source: DKS Associates 5.3 Trip Distribution The direction of approach and departure for project trips of the proposed Centum Distribution Center were estimated from the existing traffic patterns in the vicinity of the project site. Table 13 shows the trip distribution patterns assumed for the proposed project. The project truck trips having their origins or destinations on US-101 would be assumed to access the project site via the interchanges at San Bruno Avenue, Mitchell Avenue, Wondercolor Lane, and Miller Avenue. The remaining truck trips would access I-280 via San Bruno Avenue. It should be noted that during the respective AM and PM peak hours, approximately 16 and 24 trucks would pass through the intersection of San Mateo Avenue and San Bruno Avenue. For trucks, full site access would be off of San Mateo Avenue at the existing driveway location. This location would also serve as the employee and visitor entrance. Table 13 - Proposed Project Trip Distribution Origin I Destination Percentage of Total Traffic (Ufo) Autos Trucks North via US 101 30 4S South via US 101 2S SO North via Airport Slvd 3 - West via Grand Ave 2 - North via Linden Ave 10 - South via San Mateo Ave IS - West via San Sruno Ave IS S Total 100 100 Source: DKS Associates Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 38 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 5.4 15% TOM Reduction Figure 3 illustrates the project trips at each of the study intersections while Figure 4 illustrates the total 2010 Background with Project Condition traffic volumes at each of the study intersections for the AM and PM peak hours. 5.4.1 Intersection Operating Conditions Intersection operational levels of service along with their associated delays are summarized in Table 17. Appendix A includes the detailed calculation level of service analysis sheets, including the weekday AM and PM peak hours. The study intersections that that operate at an acceptable LOS (LOS D or better) under the 2010 Background without Project Condition would continue to operate at acceptable LOS under the 2010 Background with Project Condition. The addition of traffic generated by the proposed project would not result in any significant impacts to study intersections during either of the peak hours analyzed. 5.4.2 Roadway Segment Operating Conditions Table 18 provides a summary of the roadway segments operation conditions, including MOEs and LOS. Appendix A includes the detailed LOS calculation sheets. All roadway segments would continue to operate at an acceptable LOS The project would not result in a significant impact to the study roadway segments. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 39 June 1, 2009 I\,t:ler Ave 1 EO a ~ San /1ye (49) 14J (90) 24- (36)9. 5 ~~ >.D (,0 N_M San Ave'llliest 9 ~ ~ San A,,, Ea(~8) 13 J '"l ~ '" iD 11 ,Ajrpoi 3:vd eo: m ,Ajrpoi 3:vd Gate,""'ay3\'d iD ;:; l l r 54 (l~us, 101 Grand Cff-R,amp ,A:"'e '"l I ,A:"'e Ave M a ::0 Ajrpoi 3:vd __ 74 (17) S oi '"l ~ m iD ~ ProdLCeAve Sanl\,1ateo,Aye '- 90 (32) l l, San3runo San ,AYe, East Ave East (48) 13- (78) 23. 0; N ~ 101 101 LEGEND . Signalized Intersection o Unsignalized Intersection AM (PM) Peak HourVolumes D TRANSPORTATION SOLUTIONS Grand E, Grand (2)6. NN ~~ w~ ~N :!.- 2 "01 4 3 S,AJroort31'"'d Sarl\,1ateoAve, 6" ~ '" N __ 10 (32) ~ 0) 47 (174) t1 -- 10 (32) l, 61.: Do::ar,Aye 8 'A'aterco:c SUnder SUnder ,Aye ,Aye (11)30- (11)30- 7 10 a M -- 60 (22) 101 Pr:vateRd SarBruro Ave East 12 IJS FIGURE 3 Project Increment Volumes 15% TOM Reduction m I\,t:lel" .n Ave (124) 131, 1 San .~Ye (153) 59 J (264) 170- (237) 118, 5 Mmo mMO San Ave 'lilies! (428)413- (2)4, 9 ,Ajrpoi 3:vd '- 1 (5) - 142 (244) r 568 f'mL 101 ,Ajrpoi 3:vd Gate'""'ay3\'d o M "" c_ 0 '- 82(167) -118(278) r 205 (636) Grand - 356 (1,348) r 7(16) 00 NO E. Grand,J t l, A,,, (70) 143 J (326) 1,579- (58) 45 , o M~ o M~ ,"",..,-(0 m eo. '- 63 (131) -- 249 (1,056) r 129 (420) Grand ,J ll, ",,0 0"" .~- 0._"", M"" _ m '--~ Cff-R,amp ,A:"'e(166) 237 J (70) 131- (89) 75, (274) 1,027- (14)29, "'l I 3:vd l l, '- 139 (259) __ 258 (222) r 258 (9PA;_ oi Blid "'llr 00 ""N N S ~ ProdLCeAve Sanl\,iateo,Aye l l, '-197(91) __ 203 (450) r 78 (184) San Bruno "'ll r .~Ye.Bas1 _ O~ ~ 0"" G)'''-'''''' ~ 101 ?! ill :! '- 78 (185) m ~ N N -- 162 (289) San l, Ave Easl (308) 269 J (233)410- 11 "'l1 ~m 00.,"", 01;:;. LEGEND . Signalized Intersection o Unsignalized Intersection AM (PM) Peak HourVolumes TRANSPORTATION SOLUTIONS "'ll r ,A:"'e '\ r m 0 0 m N 0 N <0' '" 0 N 1J1 4 '\11" m ON _ ""m ,,,,,"''''- M '" 2 3 S,AJroortBI'"'j Sanl\,1ateop.,/E' 00_ O~N _Mm GO CO m "" eo. '- 47 (174) 0 0 U; __ 125 (156) 0 S Linden.) l, '- 11 (29) __ 6 (41) r 14 (76,)a'ecoo' SUnden __ 172 (267) r 27(51) \:BU,S l l, "T/'''ffPa:r' v (375) 9'88 J (24) 89- (112)371, /1,V:; ""l r 0 m c_ " ~:: ce' '" (0 ''',\1'''(137) 132.J (149) 144- ""llr 0)"'<:j"1'- OM" ~ N EO c_ ~ (226) 243 - (105) 43, 6 7 Do::ar,/1ye 8 San EO :!. o c_ o o N l. - 366 (581) r 106 (340) Ave East (423) 496- (388) 361 , 10 101 Pr:vateRd m - 218 (646) San Ave East r (318) 484- ~ '" N 6' ~ (". 12 IJS FIGURE 4 2010 Background With Project Volumes 15% TOM Project Trip Reduction OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS Table 14 - 2010 Background with Project Condition Intersection Level of Service - 150/0 TOM Reduction AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour No I ntersection Location Control LOSb Delay' Impact Delay LOS Impact 1 Miller Avenue / Airport Soulevard Signalized 33.3 C No 17.S S No 2 East Grand Avenue / Airport Soulevard Signalized 37.6 D No 44.S D No 3 East Grand Avenue / US 101 NS off-ramp Signalized 46.4 D No IS.7 S No 4 East Grand Avenue / Gateway Soulevard Signa lized 3S.S D No 30.0 C No S San Mateo Avenue / Airport Soulevard Signalized 31.S C No 42.1 D No 6 US 101 NS Ramps / South Airport Soulevard Signalized 26.4 C No 32.7 C No 7 South Linden Avenue / Dollar Avenue Signalized 12.S S No 6.7 A No S Shaw Road / San Mateo Avenue Signalized 14.6 S No 14.2 S No 9 San Sruno Avenue / San Mateo Avenue Signalized 20.S C No 24.6 C No 10 San Sruno Avenue / US 101 SS Ramps Signalized IS.7 S No 32.2 C No 11 San Sruno Avenue / US 101 NS Ramps Signa lized 26.4 C No 29.9 C No 12 San Sruno Avenue / US 101 NS Ramps - NS Rt Unsig. 3.2 2.9 NS Approach 12.3 S No 11.0 S No SS Approach S.S A No 10.4 S No Source: DKS Associates Notes: a. 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LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ >- >- >- >- >- >- >- >- >- >- III ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ III Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) .. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL >... 0 .. c c ,.., :l: CU " Q) 0 ... "c:J E co ~ ,.., .. Cl c Cfl o CU co => 1%U1 Cfl ~ ~ ,,<' CJ.J IS '"'i ~ h ~ ftJ ~ Oc: ~ t;: ~ I"" <: "'~ :a~bLJ ~1i)~ tit ,~ rtl ~ Cl ~r:: E:~~ ;:~ ~ ~!tl~ a~~ OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 5.4.3 Traffic Signal Warrant Analysis Table 19 summarizes the traffic signal warrant analysis results. Detailed traffic signal warrant analysis sheets are included in Appendix B. The single unsignalized intersection would meet the peak hour signal warrant during the both the AM and PM peak hours. Table 16 - 2010 Background with Project Condition Signal Warrant Analysis - 15% TOM Reduction AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour Intersection Criteria Criteria Warrant Criteria Criteria Warrant 1 2 Met? 1 2 Met? San 8runo Ave / N8 US-101 Off-Ramp N8-Right No No No No No No Source: DKS Associates 5.5 30% TOM Reduction Figure 5 illustrates the project trips at each of the study intersections while Figure 6 illustrates the total 2010 Background with Project Condition traffic volumes at each of the study intersections for the AM and PM peak hours. 5.5.1 Intersection Operating Conditions Intersection operational levels of service along with their associated delays are summarized in Table 17. Appendix A includes the detailed calculation level of service analysis sheets, including the weekday AM and PM peak hours. The study intersections that that operate at an acceptable LOS (LOS D or better) under the 2010 Background without Project Condition would continue to operate at acceptable LOS under the 2010 Background with Project Condition. The addition of traffic generated by the proposed project would not result in any significant impacts to study intersections during either of the peak hours analyzed. 5.5.2 Roadway Segment Operating Conditions Table 18 provides a summary of the roadway segments operation conditions, including MOEs and LOS. Appendix A includes the detailed LOS calculation sheets. All roadway segments would continue to operate at an acceptable LOS The project would not result in a significant impact to the study roadway segments. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 45 June 1, 2009 I\,t:ler Ave 1 iD M m San /1ye (42) 11 J (79)21- (32)8. 5 "Nm N_N San Ave'llliest 9 ~ N San A,,, E311,)"J '"l m M '" 11 ,Ajrpoi 3:vd eo: ~ l r 51 (l~us, 101 Grand Cff-R,amp ,A:"'e N e Ajrpoi 3:vd __ 71 (15) S oi '"l m ro N ~ ProdLCeAve Sanl\,1ateo,Aye '- 71 (25) l l, San3runo San ,AYe, East Ave East ;:: iD ~ 101 101 LEGEND . Signalized Intersection o Unsignalized Intersection AM (PM) Peak HourVolumes D TRANSPORTATION SOLUTIONS 61.: 10 San Bruno Ave East 12 ,Ajrpoi 3:vd Gate'""'zy3\'d '" ro m l Grand E, Grand '"l I ,A:"'e Ave (2)5. NO ~~ m~ ~~ ~ 2 "01 4 3 S,AJroortBI'"'d Sanl\,1ateoAve, s ~:;. N __ 8 (25) '" '" 0) '- 40 (153) N -- 8 (25) l, 'A'aterco:c SUnden SUnden ,Aye J ,Aye (8)24- (8)24- . 6 7 Do::ar,Aye 8 'C1 e M N -- 47 (17) (41)11- (63) 18. 101 Pr:vateRd A'I0. 0\.0."0' IJS FIGURE 5 Project Increment Volumes 30% TOM Project Trip Reduction m 1\1 Ie! ,J ll, Ave (124) 131, 1 ~NN CMN _w~ San .~Ye (146) 56J (253) 167- (233) 117, 5 CMM WMro San Ave ',ilies! (428)413- (2)4, 9 ,Ajrpoi 3:vd '- 1 (5) - 142 (244) r 565 f'mL 10\ ") I (' Cff-R.aTp ~ro ~~ .~- 0._"", MN _ W '--~ 3:vd l l, '- 139 (259) __ 255 (220) r 258 (9PA:" oi Blid ")1(' mc MN N GO "'- ProdLCeAve Sanl\,iateo,Aye l l, '- 178 (84) __ 203 (450) r 78 (184) San Bruno ") I (' .~Ye. Basi - ~~ ~ W~ G)''''-'''''' C"- 101 S ill C"- :! '- 78 (185) M ~ N N -- 162 (289) San l, Ave Easl (301) 267 J (233)410- 11 ")1 ~W r.....,"", 01;:;. LEGEND . Signalized Intersection o Unsignalized Intersection AM (PM) Peak HourVolumes TRANSPORTATION SOLUTIONS ,Ajrpoi 3:vd ro M ~ c_ ~ Grand ,J ll, ,A:"'e(166) 237 J (70) 131- (89) 74, '- 82(167) -118(278) r 205 (636) ")1 (' W roN _ Mro ,,,,,"''''- N '" 2 S,AJroortBI'"'j ~- C~N _MW '- 11 (29) __ 6 (41) r 14 (76,)a'ecoo- \:BU,S l l, "T/'''ffPa:r' v (373) 9'85 J (24) 89- (112)371, ")1(' 0)"'<:j"1'- ~ M" ~ N EO c_ C"- 6 GO :!. N c_ ~ o N l. -- 353 (576) r 106 (340) San Ave East (416)494- (373) 356, 10 101 Pr:vateRd W - 218 (646) San Ave East (318) 484- 12 IJS Gate'""'ay3\'d Grand - 356 (1,348) r 7(16) roo Nro E. Grand,J t l, A,,, (70) 143 J (326) 1,579- (58) 45 , '- 63 (131) -- 249 (1,056) r 129 (420) ,A:"'e "11(' "I (' ro ro 0 ro N ro N <0' ~ ro N 1J1 4 (274) 1,027- (14)29, C M~ ~ M~ ,""'...-'" ro eo. 3 Sanl\,1ateop.,/E' SLinden _ 170 (260) r 27(51) c_~ ~~ ~M '- 135 (298) _ 8(25) r 276 (306) S Lindec t l, /1've /1've '1 (' 0 ~ c_ " ~:: ce' '" (0 '" N ~ (223) 237 - (105) 43, (8)24- 0:: 7 Do::ar,/1've 8 A'I0. 0\0-"0' (' ~ ~ N 6' ~ (". FIGURE 6 2010 Background With Project Volumes 30% TOM Project Trip Reduction OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS Table 17 - 2010 Background with Project Condition Intersection Level of Service - 300/0 TOM Reduction AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour No I ntersection Location Control LOSb Delay' Impact Delay LOS Impact 1 Miller Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized 33.3 C No 17.8 8 No 2 East Grand Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized 37.S D No 44.4 D No 3 East Grand Avenue / US 101 N8 off-ramp Signalized 46.4 D No 18.7 8 No 4 East Grand Avenue / Gateway 80ulevard Signa lized 3S.8 D No 30.0 C No S San Mateo Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized 31.6 C No 41.8 D No 6 US 101 N8 Ramps / South Airport 80ulevard Signalized 26.4 C No 32.9 C No 7 South Linden Avenue / Dollar Avenue Signa lized 12.8 8 No 6.8 A No 8 Shaw Road / San Mateo Avenue Signalized 14.6 8 No 14.1 8 No 9 San 8runo Avenue / San Mateo Avenue Signalized 20.6 C No 24.4 C No 10 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 S8 Ramps Signalized 18.7 8 No 31.6 C No 11 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 N8 Ramps Signa lized 26.1 C No 29.8 C No 12 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 N8 Ramps - N8 Rt Unsig. 3.2 2.9 N8 Approach 12.3 8 No 11.0 8 No S8 Approach 8.8 A No 10.4 8 No Source: DKS Associates Notes: a. 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LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ >- >- >- >- >- >- >- >- >- >- III ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ III Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) .. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL >... 0 .. c c ,.., :l: CU " Q) 0 ... "c:J E co ~ ,.., .. Cl c Cfl o CU co => 1%U1 Cfl ~ ~ ,,<' CJ.J IS '"'i ~ h ~ ftJ ~ Oc: ~ t;: ~ I"" <: "'~ :a~bLJ ~1i)~ tit ,~ rtl ~ Cl ~r:: E:~~ ;:~ ~ ~!tl~ a~~ OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 5.5.3 Traffic Signal Warrant Analysis Table 19 summarizes the traffic signal warrant analysis results. Detailed traffic signal warrant analysis sheets are included in Appendix B. The single unsignalized intersection would meet the peak hour signal warrant during the both the AM and PM peak hours. Table 19 - 2010 Background with Project Condition Signal Warrant Analysis - 30% TOM Reduction AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour Intersection Criteria Criteria Warrant Criteria Criteria Warrant 1 2 Met? 1 2 Met? San 8runo Ave / N8 US-101 Off-Ramp N8-Right No No No No No No Source: DKS Associates 5.6 Transit, Pedestrian and Bicycle Operations 5.6.1 Transit Operations As part of the TDM, an estimated 20% percent transit mode share would result in approximately 119 AM and 144 PM transit-related trips via BART and SamTrans. Load factors and operations of current transit services in the area would not be adversely affected by these net-new transit trips related to the proposed project. Therefore it is anticipated that the proposed project would not create significant impacts to the existing transit services. 5.6.2 Pedestrian Facilities Existing sidewalks in the area are between five and twelve feet in wide and are provided in most areas near the project site. Crosswalk striping is not provided at most unsignalized intersections however, crosswalk striping is provided at signalized intersection including the equidistant signalized intersections of San Mateo Avenue at San Bruno Avenue and San Mateo Avenue at Linden Avenue. The sidewalks in the vicinity of the project site are generally in acceptable condition with some exceptions near auto repair shops. Some sidewalk furniture is present the area which includes light poles, fire hydrants, street sign poles, trees in some areas, and mailboxes. Additionally, the sidewalks are generally adjacent to the street with no parkways providing a buffer between the two. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 51 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 5.6.3 Bicycle Facilities In the City of South San Francisco, there are three different bicycle facility classifications: . Bike Paths (Class I facilities) - Paved facilities that are physically separated from roadways used by motor vehicles by space of a physical barrier and are designated for bicycle use. . Bike Lanes (Class II facilities) - Lanes on the outside edge of roadways reserved for the exclusive use of bicycles designated with special signing and pavement markings. . Bike Routes (Class III facilities) - Roadways recommended for use by bicycles and often connect roadways with bike lanes and bike paths. Bike routes are designated with signs. San Mateo Avenue, which serves as the access road for the project site, is classified as a bike route in the City's General Plan. North of the project site, Airport Boulevard is also classified as a bike route. No existing bicycle facilities near the project site are identified in the City of San Bruno General Plan. 5.7 Site Plan and Area Circulation Analysis Site access would be via two curb cuts along San Mateo Avenue. The northerly curb-cut would provide access for passenger vehicles and trucks while the southerly curb-cut would be restricted to passenger vehicles only. The site plan would include truck docks on the western edge of the building. Truck access to San Mateo Avenue from the loading docks follows paths without tight turning radii and provides sufficient lateral clearance for truck turning movements. Passenger vehicle access is also facilitated by turning radii geometries, lane widths, and the afore mentioned two egress and ingress points to San Mateo Avenue. Additionally, two areas of concern related to project-related traffic were first addressed by City staff and require additional discussion. First, the curb radius at the northeast corner of San Bruno Avenue and San Mateo Avenue may not accommodate some types of vehicles traveling eastbound along San Bruno Avenue to northbound San Mateo Avenue and the project site. AutoTurn analysis has been performed on the current northeast curb geometry to determine the vehicle path. Based on the AutoTurn results, the turning paths for larger vehicles such as semi trucks would cross over into the opposite travel lane on San Mateo Avenue in order to complete the turning movement. It is suggested, and has been reflected in the traffic analysis, that trucks are restricted from traveling along San Bruno Avenue and from making a turn at this intersection of concern. Between 50-55 feet of right-of-way would need to be acquired in order to facilitate this truck turning movement. This second area of concern is the railway crossing between the intersections of San Bruno Avenue at San Mateo Avenue and San Bruno Avenue at Huntington Avenue. The distance between the two intersections is approximately 185 feet with the Caltrain line running between the two. Given the restrictive space between the two intersections, eastbound left turns from Centrum Distribution Center 52 June 1, 2009 Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS San Bruno Avenue to San Mateo Avenue are currently not permitted. The railroad crossing is marked by street striping and noise and visual alerts. All of these markings and alerts were replaced and updated in 2008. Once the project is built and fully operational, additional signal coordination may be necessary for the two intersections to continue to operate safely and efficiently. 5.8 Parking Off-Street Parkino As part of the proposed site plan, the two existing lots would be combined and their parking supply joined as well. The resulting on-site parking plan would include parking for approximately 670 autos and trucks. Access would occur from San Mateo Avenue through two curb cuts. A curb cut near the southern edge of the project site would be for autos only while another curb cut slightly farther north would provide access for both autos and trucks. Internal circulation paths would join areas of parking regardless of which access point a vehicle utilized. Based on information provided by South San Francisco city staff, the total minimum required parking spaces would be 381 off-street parking spaces. However, with the implementation of a TDM plan the minimum required office parking would be reduced by 15% resulting in 348 required parking spaces. As a result, the parking excess would be 322 parking spaces. On-Street Parkino On-street parking conditions are expected to remain the same under the project condition. While the off-airport parking lot curb cut would be removed under project conditions, a new curb cut is proposed near the southern edge of the project site. In effect, the existing curb cut would be moved south but should have no affect on on-street parking conditions. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 53 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 6 2020 CUMULATIVE WITHOUT PROJECT CONDITION This section discusses the traffic operating conditions of the study intersections and roadway segments under the 2020 Cumulative without Project Condition. The 2020 Cumulative without Project Condition includes the existing traffic volumes plus the addition of background growth traffic derived from the CjCAG travel forecast model. Figure 7 illustrates the 2020 Cumulative without Project Condition traffic volumes at each of the study intersections. 6.1 Intersection Operating Conditions Table 20 summarizes the results of the intersection level of service calculations for the 2020 Cumulative without Project Condition. Detailed Level of Service calculation sheets are included in Appendix A. Under 2020 Cumulative without Project Condition, four of the twelve study intersections would operate at an unacceptable LOS of E or F in at least one of the peak hours. During the AM peak period, the intersections of East Grand Avenue at Airport Boulevard, US 101 northbound off-ramps, and Gateway Boulevard, would operate at LOS F. East Grand Avenue and Airport Boulevard and San Mateo Avenue and Airport Boulevard would respectively operate at LOS E and LOS F conditions during the PM peak hour. 6.2 Roadway Segment Operating Conditions Table 21 summarizes the roadway segment operating level of service under the 2020 Cumulative without Project Condition. The detailed level of service calculations are included in Appendix A. The addition of cumulative growth traffic would result in none of the roadway segments operating under unacceptable conditions. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 54 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS Table 20 - 2020 Cumulative without Project Condition Intersection Level of Service AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour No Intersection Location Control Delay' LOS b Delay LOS 1 Miller Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized 30.2 C 17.3 8 2 East Grand Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized llS.4 F 63.1 E 3 East Grand Avenue / US 101 N8 off-ramp Signalized 2S0.6 F 20.0 8 4 East Grand Avenue / Gateway 80ulevard Signalized 197.8 F S2.8 D S San Mateo Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signa lized 32.7 C lS1.0 F 6 US 101 N8 Ramps / South Airport 80ulevard Signalized 27.3 C 34.0 C 7 South Linden Avenue / Dollar Avenue Signalized 12.1 8 6.0 A 8 Shaw Road / San Mateo Avenue Signalized 18.S 8 14.8 8 9 San 8runo Avenue / San Mateo Avenue Signa lized 20.7 C 24.8 C 10 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 S8 Ramps Signalized 18.4 8 47.4 D 11 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 N8 Ramps Signa lized 28.8 C 30.1 C 12 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 N8 Ramps - N8 Rt Unsignalized S.4 3.0 N8 Approach 29.6 D 13.1 8 S8 ADDroach 8.6 A 11.3 8 Source: DKS Associates Notes: a. 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Signalized Intersection o Unsignalized Intersection AM (PM) Peak HourVolumes DKS Associates TRANSPORTATION SOLUTIONS "'ll r ,A:"'e (408) 1,772- (14)29, "'l r 00 m a ~ ro '"III" o '"~ _ mro ,"","'01 a '" 6i' ~ U 4 2 3 S,AJroortBI'"'d Sanl\,1ateo/1've " a a a '- 11 (73) - 6(72) r 11 (99) 'A'aterco:c 68"5 ~M ~ .~ ~a 00 roM _ 184 (252) r 16(47) \:BU,S l l, ,J l, _ 327 (158) SUnder S, Unden EI.s "T/'''ffPamn v (~;1') 980 J (24) 110- (87) 313, /1've "'l r .Ave, (170) 160 J (156) 87- "'llr (216) 305- (92) 43, om" ~~ r- (0 ~ N N o U ~ a ON ~6 ec 6 7 Do::ar/1've 8 '01 Ave East 01 .'""' ~ E '-' "-- a 0 " 0 N ,J l, SarBruno - 308 (689) r 111 (356) (386) 791 - (412)600, 10 101 Pr:vateRd '" M a N San Bruno J Ave East (498) 1,164- - 148 (816) r o a N w ['. 12 IJS FIGURE 7 2020 Cumulative Without Project Volumes OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 6.2.1 Signal Warrant Analysis Table 22 summarizes the traffic signal warrant analysis performed at the single unsignalized intersection. Detailed traffic signal warrant analysis sheets are included in Appendix B. Based on the analysis results, the intersection would satisfy the peak hour signal warrant during the PM peak hour. Table 22 - 2020 Cumulative without Project Condition Signal Warrant Analysis AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour Intersection Criteria Criteria Warrant Criteria Criteria Warrant 1 2 Met? 1 2 Met? San 8runo Ave / N8 US-101 Off-Ramp N8-Right No No No No Yes Yes Source: DKS Associates 6.3 Transit, Pedestrian and Bicycle Operations There are no anticipated changes to transit and pedestrian operations for the 2020 Background without Project Condition. Both of these operations would continue to function as described in the Existing Conditions Section. In the City of South San Francisco General Plan, a future bike path is planned for a railroad right-of-way approximately 0.25 miles west of the project site. Additionally, bike paths are planned for Herman Street (approximately 0.10 miles west of the project site) and Linden Street (approximately 0.35 miles northwest of the project site). In the City of San Bruno General Plan, potential future bikeways are proposed along Huntington Avenue and San Bruno Avenue in the vicinity of the project. 6.4 Parking Off-street and on-street parking conditions would remain the same as under the 2010 Cumulative without Project Condition. No changes in parking would be expected. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 59 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 7 2020 CUMULATIVE WITH PROJECT CONDITION 7.1 15% TOM Reduction This section evaluates the 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition. The trip generation factors and distribution patterns follows those described under the 2010 Cumulative with Project Condition. Figure 8 shows the 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition traffic volumes. 7.1.1 Intersection Operating Conditions Intersection operational levels of service along with their associated delays are summarized in Table 26. Appendix A includes the detailed calculation level of service analysis sheets, including the weekday AM and PM peak hours. All study intersections would continue to operate at LOS D under the 2020 Cumulative with Project Conditions with the exception of three intersections during the PM peak hour. At East Grand Avenue and Airport Boulevard, the intersection delay would increase from 63.1 seconds and LOS E in the without project condition to 65.7 seconds and LOS F during the with project condition. The intersection of San Mateo Avenue and Airport Boulevard would still remain at LOS F but would the delay would increase from 151.0 seconds in the without project condition to 159.5 seconds in the with project condition. Meanwhile, the LOS and delay at the intersection of San Bruno Avenue and US 101 SB Ramps would increase from LOS D and 47.4 seconds of delay under the without project condition to LOS E and 59.4 seconds of delay under the with project condition. 7.1.2 Roadway Segment Operating Conditions Table 27 provides a summary of the roadway segments operation conditions, including MOEs and LOS. Appendix B includes the detailed LOS calculation sheets. All roadway segments would operate without impacts for the 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 60 June 1, 2009 00 M~ ~O I\,t:lel" .n Ave (146) 148, 1 00_," MOO _a~ San .~Ye (162) 62 J (295) 242 - (246) 131 , 5 NO A'" San Ave 'lilies! (642) 803 - (10)8, 9 ,Ajrpoi 3:vd '- 1 (48) - 107 (298) r 410 f~m 101 3"d Gate'""'ay3\'d Grand '- 107 (269) - 184 (461) ,J l l, r 265 (654) Grand '- 89(271) -- 468 (1,883) r 268 (1,030) -- 551 (2,073) 7 (16) 00 o 00 '" N E. Grand,J t l, A,,, (94) 308 J (535) 2,769- (58) 45 , o MN 0,"0 ,"","<j"<:D a eo. 00 ~M .~M 00.,"", ~o ~N '" Cff-R,amp ,A:"'e(264) 334 J (125)418- (114)79, (408) 1,772- (14)29, "'l I 3:vd l l, '- 196 (385) __ 323 (270) r 568 (2,~~ oi "'llr 00," aN N s ProdLCeAve Sanl\,iateo,Aye l l, '- 237 (89) __ 270 (589) r 85 (302) San Bruno "'ll r .~Ye.Eas1 _ 00 N ~~ N ,"",0101 '" '" 101 6" ro ~ '" '- 123 (220) N 00 M -- 107 (310) San l, Ave Easl (271) 163J (285) 611- 11 "'l1 OON MM M~ ~ LEGEND . Signalized Intersection o Unsignalized Intersection AM (PM) Peak HourVolumes TRANSPORTATION SOLUTIONS "'ll r ,A:"'e '\ r 0 co 0 a ~ N '" 0;' N ~ 1J1 U 4 '\11" 00 oo~ _ a~ ,,,,,"'01 a '" 2 3 S,AJroortBI'"'j Sanl\,1ateop.,/E' 00 6" 6" a :! '- 47 (174) ~ a 0 N __ 337 (190) 00 00 S Linden.) l, '- 11 (73) __ 6 (72) r 11 (9~l'a'ec'" o a ;: __ 194 (284) r 16(47) l l, SUnden EI.s "T/'''ffPa:r' (438) 1,054-' (24) 110- (87) 313, /1,V:; ""l r ~ a 00 N 'i' 6" '" (0 /1,\12 (170) 160 (167) 117- ""llr o a" ~~ r- <;0 ~ N N a ~ (227) 335 - (92) 43, 6 7 Do::ar,/1ye 8 San 6i" a '" a c_ o o N l. - 368 (711) r 111 (356) Ave East (434) 804- (490) 623, 10 101 Pr:vateRd 6i" M o N -148(816) San Ave East r (498) 1,164- o a N 12 IJS W (". FIGURE 8 2020 Cumulative With Project Volumes 15% TOM Project Trip Reduction OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS Table 23 - 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition Intersection Level of Service - 150/0 TOM Reduction AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour No Intersection Location Control LOS b Delay' Impact Delay LOS Impact 1 Miller Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized 31.S C No 17.4 8 No 2 East Grand Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized 114.9 F No 6S.7 E Yes 3 East Grand Avenue / US 101 N8 off-ramp Signalized 2S0.6 F No 20.0 8 No 4 East Grand Avenue / Gateway 80ulevard Signa lized 197.8 F No S2.8 D No S San Mateo Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized 34.4 C No lS9.S F Yes 6 US 101 N8 Ramps / South Airport 80ulevard Signalized 27.7 C No 34.1 C No 7 South Linden Avenue / Dollar Avenue Signalized 11.9 8 No S.7 A No 8 Shaw Road / San Mateo Avenue Signalized 21.7 C No lS.S 8 No 9 San 8runo Avenue / San Mateo Avenue Signalized 21.S C No 29.4 C No 10 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 S8 Ramps Signalized 19.0 8 No S9.4 D Yes 11 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 N8 Ramps Signa lized 30.3 C No 30.9 C No 12 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 N8 Ramps - N8 Rt Unsig. S.4 3.0 N8 Approach 29.6 D No 13.1 8 No S8 Approach 8.6 A No 11.3 8 No ~DKS Associates Notes: a. Delay is in seconds per vehicle. For signalized intersections, delay is based on average stopped delay. For unsignalized intersections, delay is based at the worst approach fro two-way stop controlled intersection. b. LOS = Level of Service Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 62 June 1, 2009 ~~ .~ ~ (j~ ~~ IJ: ~~ Q~ c o :,j;l V '" "c:J ~ ~ Q I- ~ o III .. I III 'Iii ~ .. c c( cu v '~ cu III ... o Qj ~ ... ... c cu E CI CU III >- ~ "c:J .. /i c o :,j;l '6 c o u tl CU ,- o ... ll. .c ... '~ CU > :,j;l ..!!! '" E '" u o N o N c o :,j;l '6 ~ ~ U ll. ... V CU ,- o ... ll. .c ... '~ CU > :,j;l ..!!! '" E ~ '" c( u o N o N III ... III o CU CUC...... ...CUW iil,i!:O .....~ cu~........ ~:t: W c o :,j;l .. 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LL LL h ~ ftJ ~ Oc: ~ t;: ~ I"" <: "'~ :a~bLJ ~1i)~ tit ,~ rtl ~ Cl ~r:: E:~~ ;:~ ~ ~!tl~ a~~ 1--1 1--1 1--1 1--1 1--1 1--1 1--1 1--1 >- >- 1--1 1--1 1--1 1--1 1--11--11--1 1--1 ctl ctl ~ ~ Q) Q) ... ... LL LL Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) c..c..c..c..c..c..c..c.. ~~~~~~~~ o C ;: Q) CO~ C CO Cfl >->->- CO CO CO ~ ~ ~ Q) Q) Q) ... ... ... LL LL LL >->->- CO CO CO ~ ~ ~ Q) Q) Q) ... ... ... LL LL LL ,.., o ,.., Cfl => OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 7.1.3 Traffic Signal Warrant Analysis Table 28 summarizes the traffic signal warrant analysis results. Detailed traffic signal warrant analysis sheets are included in Appendix B. The single unsignalized intersection would satisfy a peak hour signal warrant during both the AM and PM peak hours. Table 25 - 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition Signal Warrant Analysis - 15% TOM Reduction AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour Intersection Criteria Criteria Warrant Criteria Criteria Warrant 1 2 Met? 1 2 Met? San 8runo Ave / N8 US-101 Off-Ramp N8-Right No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Source: DKS Associates 7.2 30% TOM Reduction This section evaluates the 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition. The trip generation factors and distribution patterns follows those described under the 2010 Cumulative with Project Condition. Figure 9 shows the 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition traffic volumes. 7.2.1 Intersection Operating Conditions Intersection operational levels of service along with their associated delays are summarized in Table 26. Appendix A includes the detailed calculation level of service analysis sheets, including the weekday AM and PM peak hours. All study intersections would continue to operate at LOS D under the 2020 Cumulative with Project Conditions with the exception of three intersections during the PM peak hour. At East Grand Avenue and Airport Boulevard, the intersection delay would increase from 63.1 seconds and LOS E in the without project condition to 65.4 seconds and LOS F during the with project condition. The intersection of San Mateo Avenue and Airport Boulevard would still remain at LOS F but would the delay would increase from 151.0 seconds in the without project condition to 158.4 seconds in the with project condition. Meanwhile, the LOS and delay at the intersection of San Bruno Avenue and US 101 SB Ramps would increase from LOS D and 47.4 seconds of delay under the without project condition to LOS E and 56.8 seconds of delay under the with project condition. 7.2.2 Roadway Segment Operating Conditions Table 27 provides a summary of the roadway segments operation conditions, including MOEs and LOS. Appendix B includes the detailed LOS calculation sheets. All roadway segments would operate without impacts for the 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 65 June 1, 2009 moo MOO ~oo I\,t:lel" .n Ave (146) 148, 1 ~-" MOOOO _oo~ San .~Ye (155) 59 J (284) 239- (242) 130, 5 mN 00" San Ave 'lilies! (642) 803 - (10)8, 9 ,Ajrpoi 3:vd '- 1 (48) - 107 (298) r 407 f~m 101 3"d Gate'""'ay3\'d Grand '- 107 (269) - 184 (461) ,J l l, r 265 (654) Grand '- 89(271) -- 468 (1,883) r 268 (1,030) -- 551 (2,073) r 7(16) 00 o 00 " N E. Grand,J t l, A,,, (94) 308 J (535) 2,769- (58) 45 , o MN 00 "m ,"","<j"<:D ro eo. m" ~M .~M 00.,"", ~ ,- ~N '" Cff-R,amp ,A:"'e(264) 334 J (125)418- (114)78, (408) 1,772- (14)29, "'l I 3:vd l l, '- 196 (385) __ 320 (268) r 568 (2,~~ oi "'llr 00" "N N GO ProdLCeAve Sanl\,iateo,Aye l l, '- 218 (82) __ 270 (589) r 85 (302) San Bruno "'ll r .~Ye.Eas1 _ rom NOON ,"",0101 " '" 101 s ro '" '- 123 (220) 00 00 M -- 107 (310) San l, Ave Easl (264) 161 J (285) 611- 11 "'l1 OON NM M~ !CC LEGEND . Signalized Intersection o Unsignalized Intersection AM (PM) Peak HourVolumes TRANSPORTATION SOLUTIONS "'ll r ,A:"'e '\ r 0 co 00 ro ~ N " 0;' N ~ 1J1 U 4 '\11" 00 ,,~ _ ro~ ,,,,,"'01 00 '" 2 3 S,AJroortBI'"'j Sanl\,1ateop.,/E' 00 '- 11 (73) __ 6 (72) r 11 (9~l'a'ec'" ~ 00 '- 120 (263) __ 8 (25) r 390 (399) o m __ 192 (277) r 16(47) ;: l l, SUnden /1,\12 t l, SUnden EI.s "T/'''ffPa:r' (436) 1 ,051 J (24) 110- (87) 313, /1,V:; "'llr ""l r ~ m 00 N 'i' 6" '" (0 000" ~~ r- <;0 ~ N N ro !CC (8)24- ,- N M ro 00 (224) 329- (92) 43, 6 7 Do::ar,Aye 8 San 6" ro '" N ,- o o N l. - 355 (706) r 111 (356) Ave East (427) 802- (475) 618, 10 101 Pr:vateRd '" M o N A'I0. 0\0-"0' -148(816) San Ave East r (498) 1,164- o m N 12 IJS W (". FIGURE 9 2020 Cumulative With Project Volumes 30% TOM Project Trip Reduction OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS Table 26 - 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition Intersection Level of Service - 300/0 TOM Reduction AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour No Intersection Location Control LOS b Delay' Impact Delay LOS Impact 1 Miller Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized 31.4 C No 17.4 8 No 2 East Grand Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized 114.9 F No 6S.4 E Yes 3 East Grand Avenue / US 101 N8 off-ramp Signalized 2S0.6 F No 20.0 8 No 4 East Grand Avenue / Gateway 80ulevard Signa lized 197.8 F No S2.8 D No S San Mateo Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized 34.2 C No lS8.4 F Yes 6 US 101 N8 Ramps / South Airport 80ulevard Signalized 27.7 C No 34.1 C No 7 South Linden Avenue / Dollar Avenue Signalized 11.9 8 No S.8 A No 8 Shaw Road / San Mateo Avenue Signalized 24.8 C No lS.6 8 No 9 San 8runo Avenue / San Mateo Avenue Signalized 21.2 C No 27.9 C No 10 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 S8 Ramps Signalized 18.8 8 No S6.8 E Yes 11 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 N8 Ramps Signa lized 29.9 C No 30.8 C No 12 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 N8 Ramps - N8 Rt Unsig. S.4 3.0 N8 Approach 29.6 D No 13.1 8 No S8 Approach 8.6 A No 11.3 8 No ~DKS Associates Notes: a. Delay is in seconds per vehicle. For signalized intersections, delay is based on average stopped delay. For unsignalized intersections, delay is based at the worst approach fro two-way stop controlled intersection. b. LOS = Level of Service Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 67 June 1, 2009 ~~ .~ ~ (j~ ~~ IJ: ~~ Q~ c o :,j;l V '" "c:J ~ ~ Q I- ~ o o M I III 'Iii ~ .. C c( CU v '~ CU UI ... o Qj ~ ... ... C CU E CI CU UI >- ~ "c:J .. /i c o :,j;l '6 c o u tl CU ,- o ... ll. .c ... '~ CU > :,j;l ..!!! '" E '" u o N o N c o :,j;l '6 ~ ~ U ll. ... V CU ,- o ... ll. .c ... '~ CU > :,j;l ..!!! '" E ~ '" c( u o N o N III ... III o CU CUC...... ...CUW iil,i!:O .....~ cu~........ ~:t: W c o :,j;l .. 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LL LL Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) c..c..c..c..c..c..c..c.. ~~~~~~~~ o C ;: Q) CO~ C CO Cfl >->->- CO CO CO ~ ~ ~ Q) Q) Q) ... ... ... LL LL LL >->->- CO CO CO ~ ~ ~ Q) Q) Q) ... ... ... LL LL LL ,.., o ,.., Cfl => OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 7.2.3 Traffic Signal Warrant Analysis Table 28 summarizes the traffic signal warrant analysis results. Detailed traffic signal warrant analysis sheets are included in Appendix B. The single unsignalized intersection would satisfy a peak hour signal warrant during both the AM and PM peak hours. Table 28 - 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition Signal Warrant Analysis - 30% TOM Reduction AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour Intersection Criteria Criteria Warrant Criteria Criteria Warrant 1 2 Met? 1 2 Met? San 8runo Ave / N8 US-101 Off-Ramp N8-Right No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Source: DKS Associates 7.3 Parking The 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition on-street and off-street parking conditions are expected to remain the same when compared to the 2010 Background with Project Condition. Off-Street Parkina Under the project conditions, there are estimated to be 670 parking spaces for autos and trucks. Access would occur from San Mateo Avenue through two curb cuts. A curb cut near the southern edge of the project site would be for autos only while another curb cut slightly farther north would provide access for both autos and trucks. Internal circulation paths would join areas of parking regardless of which access point a vehicle utilized. On-Street Parkina On-street parking conditions are expected to remain the same under the project condition. While the off-airport parking lot curb cut would be removed under project conditions, a new curb cut is proposed near the southern edge of the project site. In effect, the existing curb cut would be moved south, but this should have no affect on on-street parking conditions. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 70 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 8 2030 CUMULATIVE WITHOUT PROJECT CONDITION This section discusses the traffic operating conditions of the study intersections and roadway segments under the 2030 Cumulative without Project Condition. The 2030 Cumulative withough Project Condition includes the existing traffic volumes plus the addition of background growth traffic derived from the CjCAG travel forecast model. Figure 10 illustrates the 2030 Cumulative without Project Condition traffic volumes at each of the study intersections. 8.1 Intersection Operating Conditions Table 29 summarizes the results of the intersection level of service calculations for the 2030 Cumulative without Project Condition. Detailed Level of Service calculation sheets are included in Appendix A. Under 2020 Cumulative without Project Condition, six of the twelve study intersections would continue to operate at an acceptable LOS D or better during both of the peak hours. For the AM peak hour, four intersections would operate at LOS F. These intersections include East Grand Avenue at Airport Boulevard, US 101 northbound off-ramp, and Gateway Boulevard, Shaw Road at San Mateo Avenue, and San Bruno Avenue at US 101 northbound right off-ramp. During the PM peak hour, four intersections would operate at LOS F. These would include East Grand Avenue at Airport Boulevard and Gateway Boulevard, San Mateo Avenue at Airport Boulevard, and San Bruno Avenue at US 101 southbound ramps. 8.2 Roadway Segment Operating Conditions Table 30 summarizes the roadway segment operating level of service under the 2030 Cumulative without Project Condition. The detailed level of service calculations are included in Appendix A. The addition of cumulative growth traffic would cause one segment during the AM peak period and five segments during the PM peak period to operate at LOS E or F. During the PM peak period, the southbound segment of Airport Boulevard from San Mateo Avenue to Terminal Court would operate at LOS F. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 71 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS Table 29 - 2030 Cumulative without Project Condition Intersection Level of Service AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour No Intersection Location Control Delav' LOS b Delav LOS 1 Miller Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized 27.8 C 16.6 8 2 East Grand Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signa lized 192.8 F 98.4 F 3 East Grand Avenue / US 101 N8 off-ramp Signa lized 367.3 F 23.9 C 4 East Grand Avenue / Gateway 80ulevard Signa lized 298.1 F 103.8 F S San Mateo Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized 36.0 D 238.9 F 6 US 101 N8 Ramps / South Airport 80ulevard Signalized 29.2 C 3S.3 D 7 South Linden Avenue / Dollar Avenue Signalized I1.S 8 S.O A 8 Shaw Road / San Mateo Avenue Signa lized 26.4 C 16.S 8 9 San 8runo Avenue / San Mateo Avenue Signa lized 23.3 C 32.7 C 10 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 S8 Ramps Signalized 28.3 C 89.S F 11 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 N8 Ramps Signalized S1.0 D 47.8 D 12 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 N8 Ramps - N8 Rt Unsignalized 34.8 3.S N8 Approach 234.3 F 17.0 C S8 ADDroach 8.S A 12.4 8 Source: DKS Associates Notes: a. 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LL LL Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) Q) c..c..c..c..c..c..c..c.. ~~~~~~~~ o C ;: Q) CO~ C co Cfl >->->- co co co ~ ~ ~ Q) Q) Q) ... ... ... LL LL LL >->->- co co co ~ ~ ~ Q) Q) Q) ... ... ... LL LL LL ,.., o ,.., Cfl => oro _00 N~ I\,t:lel" .n Ave (168) 165, 1 N o San .~Ye (136) 58 J (246) 262 - (252) 146, 5 row OOM San Ave 'lilies! (856) 1,193- (17)11, 9 San Bruno i've. =?~t ~ (186) 43 J (337) 811- 11 ,Ajrpoi 3:vd \.. 1 (91) _ 73 (351) r 198 (190) SBUS,101 ,Ajrpoi 3:vd Gate'""'ay3\'d Grand Nro NO ~'" ,JP. \.. 128 (323) - 221 (553) r 318 (785) Grand - 661 (2,488) r 8(19) M o '" '" M E. Grand,J t l, A'''(113) 370 J (642) 3,323- (70) 54 , a NO ro M~ ,"",<.Om M '" \.. 107 (325) - 562 (2,260) r 322 (1,236) ")1 I"' ,A:"'e (490) 2,126- (17)35, '1 I"' '"III"' ,"00 o ~ ~ ro 8& N ro --'':!? Cff-R,amp ,A:"'e(317) 401 J (150) 502- (134) 88, ") I Ajrpoi 3:vd l l, \.. 235 (462) - 299 (304) r 682 (2,959) S,Ajr 01 '111"' ~O ON N ProdLCeAve Sanl\,1ateo,Aye l l, \.. 188 (56) _ 336 (728) r 92 (420) San Bruno ") I I"' .~Ye. East o roro '" ~~ ...- ,"",01(0 M '" 101 ;:,12 ~ ~ ~oo N," \.. 168 (256) - 52 (331) J l, ")1 ~ 0 ,"ro M~ (0~ '" '" 101 LEGEND . Signalized Intersection o Unsignalized Intersection AM (PM) Peak HourVolumes DKS Associates TRANSPORTATION SOLUTIONS 00 o ~ ro 8""': 00 ii> !CC~ "01 e 00 ro~ ..,... 011'- ,,,,,"<tN N C 2 3 4 S,AJroortBI'"'j Sanr;,!ateoAve, roNO o ~~..,... _N~ \.. 11 (116) - 5(102) r 9(119) Ij\'aterco,c ___,0:1 ro," r-- "-- ~M roo roro _ 206 (268) r 6(43) \:BU,S l l, ,J l, _ 539 (192) SUnden SLinden EI.: "T/."ffPa:r' (4~~; 1,047J (23) 130- (62) 255, /1've '1 ,. .A.'2 (203) 188 J (174) 58- '111"' (216) 396- (79) 43, o ro~ 0_00 ~ M GO '" !CC ro M a G) N~ :::t 6 7 Do::ar,/1've 8 San EO 00 ;<'. ro o l, - 311 (819) r 115 (372) Ave East (397) 1,099- (513) 862, 10 101 Pr:vateRd (D' co ~ N San Bruno J Ave East (678) 1,844- - 78 (986) ,. ro M M f;:' N e 12 IJS FIGURE 10 2030 Cumulative Without Project Volumes OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 8.3 Signal Warrant Analysis Table 31 summarizes the traffic signal warrant analysis performed at the single unsignalized intersection. Detailed traffic signal warrant analysis sheets are included in Appendix B. Based on the analysis results, the intersection would satisfy the peak hour signal warrant during both the AM and PM peak hours. Table 31 - 2030 Cumulative without Project Condition Signal Warrant Analysis AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour Intersection Criteria Criteria Warrant Criteria Criteria Warrant 1 2 Met? 1 2 Met? San 8runo Ave / N8 US-101 Off-Ramp N8-Right No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Source: DKS Associates 8.4 Transit, Pedestrian and Bicycle Operations Similar to the 2020 without Project Condition, there are no anticipated changes to transit and pedestrian operations for the 2020 Background without Project Condition. Both of these operations would continue to function as described in the Existing Conditions Section. As mentioned in the 2020 without Project Condition, in the City of South San Francisco General Plan, a future bike path is planned for a railroad right-of-way approximately 0.25 miles west of the project site. Additionally, bike paths are planned for Herman Street (approximately 0.10 miles west of the project site) and Linden Street (approximately 0.35 miles northwest of the project site). In the City of San Bruno General Plan, potential future bikeways are proposed along Huntington Avenue and San Bruno Avenue in the vicinity of the project. 8.5 Parking Off-street and on-street parking conditions would remain the same as under the 2010 and 2020 Cumulative without Project Condition. No changes in parking would be expected. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 76 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 9 2030 CUMULATIVE WITH PROJECT CONDITION This section evaluates the 2030 Cumulative with Project condition. The trip generation factors and distribution patterns follow those described under the 2010 Cumulative with Project Condition. 9.1 15% TOM Reduction Figure 11 shows the 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition traffic volumes. 9.1.1 Intersection Operating Conditions Intersection operational levels of service along with their associated delays are summarized in Table 35. Appendix A includes the detailed calculation level of service analysis sheets, including the weekday AM and PM peak hours. Under the 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition, impacts would occur at two intersections during the AM peak hour and three intersections during the PM peak hour. For the AM peak hour, the intersection of East Grand Avenue and Airport Boulevard would operate at LOS F and 192.8 seconds of delay under the 2030 without project conditions and LOS F and 195.7 seconds of delay under the 2030 with project condition. During the PM peak hour, the intersection of East Grand Avenue and Airport Boulevard would operate with 98.4 seconds of delay and LOS F under the 2030 without project condition and would operate with 103.3 seconds of delay and LOS F in the 2030 with project condition. At San Mateo Avenue and Airport Boulevard, the intersection would operate at LOS F and 238.9 seconds of delay under the 2030 without project condition and LOS F and 246.4 seconds of delay in the 2030 with project condition. The intersection of San Bruno Avenue and US 101 southbound ramps would operate with 89.5 seconds of delay and LOS F under the 2030 without project condition and 106.0 seconds of delay and LOS F in the 2030 with project condition. 9.1.2 Roadway Segment Operating Conditions Table 36 provides a summary of the roadway segments operation conditions, including MOEs and LOS. Appendix B includes the detailed LOS calculation sheets. Under this scenario, no segments would be impacted during either peak period. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 77 June 1, 2009 ,Ajrp013:vd 3"d a" '- 1 (91) '- 128 (323) _0 - 73 (351) - 221 (553) - 661 (2,488) Na I\,t:ler ,J l l, r 252 f~m 10' Grand r 318 (785) Grand r 8(19) Ave ") I (' Cff-R,amp ,A:"'e(317) 401 J ") I (' ,A:"'e '\ (' "N (150) 502- ~ ~~ (490) 2,126- a a ON N (")1"- a ~ (168) 165, ~ 0 (136) 94, '""""<tN (17)35, 0 a 8& C 6" N 00 00 (D' --'':!? N ~ 1 2 3 1J1 e NMO 00000 -~~ San .~Ye (185) 72J (336) 286 - (288) 155, 5 N N" _0 San Ave'llliest (856) 1,193- (17)11, 9 3:vd S,AJroort31'"'d l l, '- 235 (462) __ 373 (321) r 682 (2,~~ 01 mNa N ~~..,... _N~ __ 216 (300) r 6(43) '- 11 (116) __ 5 (102) r 9("~)!a'eco'0" l l, SUnden ")1(' BI.o '1 (' 0 ~ ;> <'i' N t!. :::t "T/'''ffPamn (50'2) 1,121 J (23) 130- (62) 255, /1've '11(' am aN N EO M '" o a~ a _a ~ M GO " t!. (227) 426 - (79) 43, Produ::eA'Je 6 7 Do::ar/1've Sanl\,1ateo/1've l l, '- 278 (88) __ 336 (728) r 92 (420) San3runo S a C 00 c_ a 00 San l. -- 371 (841) r 115 (372) ") I (' .~Ye. Bas' A'JeEast 00000 M a~ ,"""(")(") M '" (445) 1,112- (591) 885, 10 101 101 Pr:vateRd GO o iD 6' C '- 168 (256) c- oo " -- 52 (331) San l, r Ave Easl (234) 56 J (337) 811- 11 M N - 78 (986) San ")1 Ave East (' Na moo M~ !CC (678) 1,844- a ~ ~ ce' N ;? 12 IJS LEGEND . Signalized Intersection o Unsignalized Intersection AM (PM) Peak HourVolumes Gate'""'zy3\'d M a " " M E. Grand,J t l, A'''(113) 370 J (642) 3,323- (70) 54 , '- 107 (325) - 562 (2,260) r 322 (1,236) '\1(' a NO 00 M~ ,"",,<.Om M '" 4 Sanl\,1ateoA'/e N & ~ C N o " 00 ~ S Unden.) l. ,A'v"'(203) 188 J (185) 88- '- 47 (174) __ 549 (224) 8 A'I0. 0\.0."0' FIGURE 11 2030 Cumulative With Project Volumes 15% TOM Project Trip Reduction TRANSPORTATION SOLUTIONS OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS Table 32 - 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition Intersection Level of Service - 150/0 TOM Reduction AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour No Intersection Location Control LOS b Delay' Impact Delay LOS Impact 1 Miller Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized 30.4 C No 16.6 8 No 2 East Grand Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized 195.7 F Yes 103.3 F Yes 3 East Grand Avenue / US 101 N8 off-ramp Signalized 367.3 F No 23.9 C No 4 East Grand Avenue / Gateway 80ulevard Signalized 298.1 F No 103.8 F No S San Mateo Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized 38.1 D No 246.4 F Yes 6 US 101 N8 Ramps / South Airport 80ulevard Signalized 30.3 C No 35.6 D No 7 South Linden Avenue / Dollar Avenue Signalized 11.5 8 No 4.8 A No 8 Shaw Road / San Mateo Avenue Signalized 48.0 D No 17.8 8 No 9 San 8runo Avenue / San Mateo Avenue Signalized 24.6 C No 51.5 D No 10 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 S8 Ramps Signalized 32.2 C No 106.0 F Yes 11 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 N8 Ramps Signalized 54.5 D No 48.5 D No 12 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 N8 Ramps - N8 Rt Unsig. 34.8 3.5 N8 Approach 234.3 F No 17.0 C No S8 Approach 8.5 A No 12.4 8 No Source: OKS Associates ~a. 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LL LL LL h ~ ftJ ~ Oc: ~ t;: ~ I"" <: "'~ :a~bLJ ~1i)~ tit ,~ rtl ~ Cl ~r:: E:~~ ;:~ ~ ~!tl~ a~~ >->->- CO CO CO ~ ~ ~ Q) Q) Q) ... ... ... LL LL LL ,.., o ,.., Cfl => OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 9.1.3 Traffic Signal Warrant Analysis Table 37 summarizes the traffic signal warrant analysis results. Detailed traffic signal warrant analysis sheets are included in Appendix B. Similar to the 2030 Cumulative without Project condition, the single unsignalized intersection would satisfy the peak hour signal warrant during the AM and PM peak hours. Table 34 - 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition Signal Warrant Analysis - 15% TOM Reduction AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour Intersection Criteria Criteria Warrant Criteria Criteria Warrant 1 2 Met? 1 2 Met? San 8runo Ave / N8 US-101 Off-Ramp N8-Right No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Source: DKS Associates 9.2 30% TOM Reduction Figure 12 shows the 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition traffic volumes. 9.2.1 Intersection Operating Conditions Intersection operational levels of service along with their associated delays are summarized in Table 35. Appendix A includes the detailed calculation level of service analysis sheets, including the weekday AM and PM peak hours. Under the 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition, impacts would occur at two intersections during the AM peak hour and three intersections during the PM peak hour. For the AM peak hour, the intersection of East Grand Avenue and Airport Boulevard would operate at LOS F and 192.8 seconds of delay under the 2030 without project conditions and LOS F and 195.2 seconds of delay under the 2030 with project condition. During the PM peak hour, the intersection of East Grand Avenue and Airport Boulevard would operate with 98.4 seconds of delay and LOS F under the 2030 without project condition and would operate with 102.7 seconds of delay and LOS F in the 2030 with project condition. At San Mateo Avenue and Airport Boulevard, the intersection would operate at LOS F and 238.9 seconds of delay under the 2030 without project condition and LOS F and 245.4 seconds of delay in the 2030 with project condition. The intersection of San Bruno Avenue and US 101 southbound ramps would operate with 89.5 seconds of delay and LOS F under the 2030 without project condition and 102.7 seconds of delay and LOS F in the 2030 with project condition. 9.2.2 Roadway Segment Operating Conditions Table 36 provides a summary of the roadway segments operation conditions, including MOEs and LOS. Appendix B includes the detailed LOS calculation sheets. Under this scenario, one segment, Airport Boulevard from San Mateo Avenue to Terminal Court would be impacted Centrum Distribution Center 82 June 1, 2009 Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS during the PM peak period. All other roadway segments would operate at acceptable levels of service for both peak periods. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 83 June 1, 2009 OON _a NOO I\,t:lel" ,JP. Ave (168) 165, 1 OMO "moo -~~ San .~Ye (178) 69 J (325) 283 - (284) 154, 5 "'~ _0 San Ave 'lilies! (856) 1,193- (17)11, 9 ,Ajrpoi 3:vd '- 1 (91) - 73 (351) r 249 f~m 101 Grand Grand - 661 (2,488) r 8(19) M 00 " " M E. Grand,J t l, A'''(113) 370 J (642) 3,323- (70) 54 , a NO a M~ ,"",<.Om M '" 3'd Gate'""'ay3\'d '- 128 (323) - 221 (553) r 318 (785) '- 107 (325) -- 562 (2,260) r 322 (1,236) ,,- aN ~ 0 6'(0' N m --'':!? Cff-R,amp ,A:"'e(317) 401 J (150) 502- (136) 93, (490) 2,126- (17)35, "'l I 3:vd l l, '- 235 (462) __ 370 (319) r 682 (2,~~ oi "'llr am r_ N N '" M '" ProdLCeAve Sanl\,iateo,Aye l l, '- 259 (81) __ 336 (728) r 92 (420) San Bruno "'ll r .~Ye.Eas1 a 000 M ,,~ '""''''''' M '" 101 GO 6' t::. 168 (256) :" m " -- 52 (331) San l, Ave Easl (227) 54 J (337) 811- 11 "'l1 Na 000 M~ !CC LEGEND . Signalized Intersection o Unsignalized Intersection AM (PM) Peak HourVolumes TRANSPORTATION SOLUTIONS "'ll r ,A:"'e '\ r a a a ~ a 6" m Gi' N ~ 1J1 e 4 '\11" ~ O~ N (")1'- ,,,,,"<tN r_ t::. 2 3 S,AJroortBI'"'j Sanl\,1ateop.,/E' aNOO N ~~..,... _N~ '- 11 (116) __ 5 (102) r 9("~)!a1eco'0" a o '- 105 (228) __ 8 (25) r 503 (491) __ 214 (293) r 6(43) l l, SUnden /1,\12 t l, SUnden EI.s "T/'''ffPa:r' '"'(500) '1, {is J (23) 130- (62) 255, /1,V:; "'llr ""l r 0 ~ ;> <'i' N t!. :::t a a~ 00 _a ~ M GO " !CC (8)24- 00 M o N m (224) 420- (79) 43, 6 7 Do::ar,/1ye 8 San iD a t::. N r_ a m l. - 358 (836) r 115 (372) Ave East (438) 1,110- (576) 880, 10 101 Pr:vateRd CD o M N A'I0. 0\0-"0' - 78 (986) San Ave East r (678) 1,844- a ~ ~ ce' N ;? 12 IJS FIGURE 12 2030 Cumulative With Project Volumes 30% TOM Project Trip Reduction OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS Table 35 - 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition Intersection Level of Service - 300/0 TOM Reduction AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour No Intersection Location Control LOS b Delay' Impact Delay LOS Impact 1 Miller Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized 30.2 C No 16.6 8 No 2 East Grand Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized 195.2 F Yes 102.7 F Yes 3 East Grand Avenue / US 101 N8 off-ramp Signalized 367.3 F No 23.9 C No 4 East Grand Avenue / Gateway 80ulevard Signalized 298.1 F No 103.8 F No S San Mateo Avenue / Airport 80ulevard Signalized 37.8 D No 245.4 F Yes 6 US 101 N8 Ramps / South Airport 80ulevard Signalized 30.2 C No 35.5 D No 7 South Linden Avenue / Dollar Avenue Signalized 11.5 8 No 4.8 A No 8 Shaw Road / San Mateo Avenue Signalized 44.9 D No 17.5 8 No 9 San 8runo Avenue / San Mateo Avenue Signalized 24.3 C No 46.9 D No 10 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 S8 Ramps Signalized 31.1 C No 102.7 F Yes 11 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 N8 Ramps Signalized 53.7 D No 48.3 D No 12 San 8runo Avenue / US 101 N8 Ramps - N8 Rt Unsig. 34.8 3.5 N8 Approach 234.3 F No 17.0 C No S8 Approach 8.5 A No 12.4 8 No Source: OKS Associates ~a. 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LL LL LL h ~ ftJ ~ Oc: ~ t;: ~ I"" <: "'~ :a~bLJ ~1i)~ tit ,~ rtl ~ Cl ~r:: E:~~ ;:~ ~ ~!tl~ a~~ OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 9.2.3 Traffic Signal Warrant Analysis Table 37 summarizes the traffic signal warrant analysis results. Detailed traffic signal warrant analysis sheets are included in Appendix B. Similar to the 2030 Cumulative without Project condition, the single unsignalized intersection would satisfy the peak hour signal warrant during the AM and PM peak hours. Table 37 - 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition Signal Warrant Analysis - 30% TOM Reduction AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour Intersection Criteria Criteria Warrant Criteria Criteria Warrant 1 2 Met? 1 2 Met? San 8runo Ave / N8 US-101 Off-Ramp N8-Right No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Source: DKS Associates 9.3 Parking The 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition on-street and off-street parking conditions are expected to remain the same when compared to the 2010 Background with Project Condition. Off-Street Parkina Under the project conditions, there are estimated to be 670 parking spaces and would meet the total minimum 322 required parking spaces. The minimum require parking spaces has been provided by City of South San Francisco staff and would include an implementation of a TDM plan. Access would occur from San Mateo Avenue through two curb cuts. A curb cut near the southern edge of the project site would be for autos only while another curb cut slightly farther north would provide access for both autos and trucks. Internal circulation paths would join areas of parking regardless of which access point a vehicle utilized. On-Street Parkina On-street parking conditions are expected to remain the same under the project condition. While the off-airport parking lot curb cut would be removed under project conditions, a new curb cut is proposed near the southern edge of the project site. In effect, the existing curb cut would be moved south, which should have no affect on on-street parking conditions. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 88 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 10MITIGATION MEASURES Mitigation measures are recommended for the project impacts and project transportation deficiencies. 10.1 Intersection Mitigation Measures 10.1.1 Intersection Mitigation Measure 1 - East Grand Avenue at Airport Boulevard Under the 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition PM peak hour, the intersection delay would increase to 65.6 seconds for the 15% TDM reduction and 65.3 seconds for the 30% TDM reduction from 63.1 seconds of delay under the without project condition. In the with project condition, traffic would increase in the northbound through and right directions and in the southbound through direction. In order to avoid triggering an impact restriping the westbound approach from a shared left-through lane and a right-only lane to a left-only lane and a shared through-right lane would reduce the "with project" delay to below "without project" conditions. With this strategy, the delay at the intersection would become 54.9 and 54.7 seconds for the respective 15% and 30% TDM reduction conditions, fully mitigating the impact at this intersection to a less than significant level. For the 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition AM peak hour, the intersection delay at this intersection would reach 195.7 seconds for the 15% TDM reduction and 195.2 seconds for the 30% TDM reduction, compared to 192.8 seconds during the "without project" conditions. In the with project condition, traffic would increase in the northbound through and right directions and in the southbound through direction. In order to mitigate this impact, restriping the westbound approach from a shared left-through lane and a right-only lane to a left-only lane and a shared through-right lane would need to occur. The resulting delay at this intersection would be below "without project" conditions and would respectively be 118.8 and 118.4 seconds of delay for the 15% and 30% TDM reductions, fully mitigating the impact at this intersection to a less than significant level. During the 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition PM peak hour, the intersection would operate with 103.3 seconds of delay for the 15% TDM reduction and 102.7 seconds of delay for the 30% TDM reduction compared to 98.4 seconds of delay in the without project condition. In order to avoid triggering an impact at this intersection, restriping the westbound approach from a shared left-through lane and a right-only lane to a left-only lane and a shared through-right lane would need to occur. The resulting delay at this intersection would be below "without project" conditions and would respectively be 81.0 and 80.6 seconds of delay for the 15% and 30% TDM reductions, fully mitigating the impact at this intersection to a less than significant level.. 10.1.2Intersection Mitigation Measure 2 - San Mateo Avenue at Airport Boulevard For the 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition PM peak hour, the intersection delay would increase to 159.5 and 158.4 seconds for the respective 15% and 30% TDM reductions compared to 151.0 seconds for the "without project" condition. Project-related trips would Centrum Distribution Center 89 June 1, 2009 Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS increase traffic at all approaches but most notably in the northbound direction. For the eastbound direction, it is suggested to restripe one of the eastbound left-through lanes to a through-right lane. This measure would reduce the delay at this intersection to 150.7 and 148.7 for the respective 15% and 30% TDM reductions seconds (LOS F), which is below the "without project" condition, fully mitigating the impact at this intersection to a less than significant level. It should be noted that these PM peak hour mitigation measures would not cause a significant impact in the AM peak hour. It should be noted that this mitigation measure would include the removal of a triangular island to accommodate the additional capacity for right-turn movements. For the 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition PM peak hour, the intersection delay would respectively increase for the 15% and 30% TDM reductions to 246.4 and 245.4 seconds compared to 238.9 seconds for the "without project" condition. Project-related trips would increase traffic at all approaches but most notably in the northbound direction. For the eastbound direction, it is suggested to restripe one of the eastbound left-through lanes to a through-right lane. This measure would reduce the delay at this intersection to 238.3 and 236.5 seconds (LOS F) for the respective 15% and 30% TDM reductions, which is below the "without project" condition, fully mitigating the impact at this intersection to a less than significant level. It should be noted that these PM peak hour mitigation measures would not cause a significant impact in the AM peak hour. It should be noted that this mitigation measure would include the removal of a triangular island to accommodate the additional capacity for right-turn movements. 10.1.3Intersection Mitigation Measure 3 - San Bruno Avenue at US 101 Southbound Ramps The intersection of San Bruno Avenue at US 101 southbound ramps would experience a significant impact under the 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition PM peak hour. The delay at this intersection would increase from 47.4 seconds for the "without" project condition to 59.4 seconds and 56.8 seconds in the respective 15% and 30% TDM reduction "with" project conditions. This increase in delay is attributed to project-related traffic using the US 101 northbound and southbound interchange ramps. To mitigate the impact at this intersection, it is suggested to restripe the existing southbound-through lane to accommodate a southbound through-right lane. This restriping plan would reduce the delay at this intersection to 28.7 and 28.3 seconds for the respective 15% and 30% TDM reduction conditions, fully mitigating the impact at this intersection to a less than significant level. It should be noted that this PM mitigation measure would not cause a significant impact in the AM peak hour. The intersection would experience a significant impact during the 2030 Cumulative with Project PM peak hour as well. At this intersection, the delay would increase from 89.5 seconds for the "without" project condition to 106.0 seconds and 102.7 seconds for the respective 15% and 30% TDM reductions under the "with" project condition. Similar to the 2020 mitigation strategy, restriping the existing southbound through lane to accommodate a southbound through-lane would reduce the intersection delay to 41.8 and 40.0 seconds for the respective 15% and 30% TDM reduction scenarios and would fully mitigate the impact at this intersection to a less than Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 90 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS significant level. This PM mitigation measure would not cause a significant impact in the AM peak hour. All of the intersection mitigation measures are summarized in Table 38 and Table 39. Table 38 - Summary of Mitigation Measures - 150/0 TOM Reduction 2010 2020 2030 Impacted Intersection Mitigation Measure Miti~ ated? Mitiqated? Miti( ated? AM PM AM PM AM PM East Grand Ave at Airport Blvd Additional Lane Capacity- - - - No No No Westbound Throuqh San Mateo Ave at Airport Blvd Additional Lane Capacity- - - - No - No Eastbound Riqht Turn San Bruno Ave at US 101 NB Ramps Restripe Southbound Through Lane - - - Yes - Yes to Shared Throuqh-Riqht Lane Table 39 - Summary of Mitigation Measures - 300/0 TOM Reduction 2010 2020 2030 Impacted Intersection Mitigation Measure Miti~ ated? Mitiaated? Miti( ated? AM PM AM PM AM PM East Grand Ave at Airport Blvd Additional Lane Capacity- - - - No No No Westbound Throuqh San Mateo Ave at Airport Blvd Additional Lane Capacity- - - - No - No Eastbound Riqht Turn San Bruno Ave at US 101 NB Ramps Restripe Southbound Through Lane - - - Yes - Yes to Shared Throuah-Riaht Lane 10.2 Roadway Segment Mitigation Measures One roadway segment, Airport Boulevard from San Mateo Avenue to Terminal Court, would be significantly impacted by the proposed project for both the 15% and 30% TDM reduction in the 2030 PM peak hour scenario. Although the decreases in average travel speed would be minimal in each case, the impacts would be significant and unavoidable. Adding capacity to the roadway system is not a feasible mitigation measure and the project would have to be reduced in size in order to lower the number of trips being generated. However, virtually any increase in trips on this roadway would trigger a significant impact under the significance criteria. Thus, the impacts to roadway segments would remain significant and unavoidable. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 91 June 1, 2009 OKS Associates TRANS~ORTATION SOLUTIONS 11CONCLUSION This section summarizes the potential traffic impacts identified in the previous sections and presents recommended mitigation measures. The study determined the potential transportation impacts of the proposed Centrum Distribution Center. Twelve study intersections and sixteen roadway segments were selected to evaluate their operating conditions under Existing Condition, 2010 Background Condition, 2010 Background with Project Condition, 2020 Cumulative without Project Condition, 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition, 2030 Cumulative without Project Condition and 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition. The project trips generated by Centrum Distribution Center were estimated based on the 8th edition of the ITE Trip Generation Manual with consideration given to Transportation Demand Management and passenger car equivalents for truck trips. Following the City/county Association of Governments of San Mateo County (C/C4Clj 2007 Congestion Management Program (CMP) the study used several Measures of Effectiveness (MOE) to evaluate the Level of Services (LOS) of the study intersections and roadway segments under the various study conditions. The development of the Centrum Distribution Center would result in three significant transportation impacts during the 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition PM peak hour, one during the 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition AM peak hour, and four during the 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition PM peak hour. For the 2020 Cumulative with Project Condition PM peak hour, the intersections of East Grand Avenue at Airport Boulevard, San Mateo Avenue and Airport Boulevard, and San Bruno Avenue and US 101 southbound ramps would all experience a significant impact. Mitigation measures to alleviate these impacts to less than significant levels include restriping some approaches. For the 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition AM peak hour, the intersection of East Grand Avenue and Airport Boulevard would experience a significant impact. Restriping one of the approaches would mitigate these impacts to less than significant level. For the 2030 Cumulative with Project Condition PM peak hour, the intersections of East Grand Avenue and Airport Boulevard, San Mateo Avenue and Airport Boulevard, and San Bruno Avenue and US 101 southbound ramps would all experience significant impacts. Measures to mitigate these impacts to less than significant levels include restriping some approaches. The study concluded that the proposed development of the Centrum Distribution Center would also result in significant and unavoidable cumulative project transportation impact to one roadway segment along Airport Boulevard from San Mateo Avenue to Terminal Court under the 2030 Cumulative with Project PM peak hour scenario. Centrum Distribution Center Traffic Impact Study - ADMINISTRA lIVE DRAFT REPORT 92 June 1, 2009 ApPENDIX E TRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT (TOM) PLAN 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue Transportation Demand Management Program .. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. I ntrod uction ........................................................................................................................................................ 1 Executive Summary........................................................................................................................ ..................... 1 Background..................................................................................................................... ..................................... 1 Purpose....................................................................................................................... ........................................ 1 Project Description................................................................................................................... ............................ 3 Regulatory Setting....................................................................................................................... ........................ 3 2. Existing Transportation System ...................................................................................................................... 6 Transit Service....................................................................................................................... .............................. 6 Bicycle Facilities.................................................................................................................... .............................. 8 Pedestrian Facilities............................................................................................................................................ 9 3. Transportation Demand Management Program ...........................................................................................10 Mode Share Assumptions................................................................................................................................. 13 Required Measures........................................................................................................................................... 13 Additional City of South San Francisco Measures ............................................................................................ 17 Phasing....................................................................................................................... ....................................... 18 Enforcement and Financing............................................................................................................................... 18 4. Compliance with Guidelines and Effectiveness........................................................................................... 19 City of South San Francisco Guidelines............................................................................................................ 19 City/County Association of Governments of San Mateo County Guidelines..................................................... 19 APPENDICES Appendix A: TOM Program Provision Assumptions Appendix B:~Project Trip Generation and Employee Estimates Appendix C: City of South San Francisco Travel Demand Management Requirements Appendix 0: City/County Association of Governments of San Mateo County Transportation Demand Management Measures Front Cover: Overlooking the San Bruno BART station into South San Francisco. Flickr photo by Michael Patrick, Creative Commons LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Site Location Context Map ..........................................................................................................................2 Figure 2 Project Site Plan .............................................................................................................................. ............5 Figure 3 Existing and Future Transportation Facilities .............................................................................................. 7 Figure 4 Proposed TOM Site Plan.......................................................................................................................... .12 LIST OF TABLES Table 11070 & 1080 San mateo avenue Transportation Demand Program Measures .........................................10 Table 2 compliance with Guidelines and TOM Program Effectiveness ..................................................................20 Table A1 TOM Program Quantity Calculation Assumptions ...................................................................................23 Table 81 Project Trip Generation Forecasts........................................................................................................... 25 Table 82 Employee Population.................................................................................................................... ...........25 Table 01 City/County Association of Governments of San Mateo County Transportation Demand Management Measures...................................................................................................................... ....................................33 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue Transportal1on Demand Management Program Draft, Apnl2009 ,.. -- =--=-.,.....~~-- ---~ ----.-::..~~ ~ ~ - --..- - ---~- ~- ~ "- 1. INTRODUCTION EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report presents a Transportation Demand Management (TOM) program for the proposed project located at 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue in South San Francisco, California. The report identifies TOM measures that will exceed the amount needed to achieve 30 percent alternative mode use for the site's employees, as required by the City of South San Francisco (SSF). The TOM Program also satisfies the City/County Association of Governments of San Mateo County (C/CAG) requirement, by providing the capacity to mitigate all new peak-hour trips based on the C/CAG trip credit guidelines. BACKGROUND The proposed project at 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue (herein referred to as "the project") will remodel an existing 571,748 square foot warehouse and construct five new buildings totaling 52,300 square feet on a 25.02 acre site. Currently, the site is divided in two parcels with the following uses: 1. 5.23 acres: Offsite Airport Parking - a privately run parking lot of 670 spaces with shuttle service to the San Francisco International Airport. 2. 19.79 acres: Various tenants of the U.S. government including the U.S. Postal Service which operates a mail processing and handling facility and the General Services Administration and the Drug Enforcement Administration which use parts of the site for storage. The site is situated in the Lindenville planning sub-area of South San Francisco which is in the southern portion of the city, west of US-1 01. Existing land uses in the area are primarily light industrial, warehouse, and auto repair shops. The project site is accessible to the region via the following: . Motor vehicle access through nearby interchanges of US-101 at South Airport Boulevard, north of the site, and San Bruno Avenue, south of the site. . Transit access through nearby rail transit stations: approximately 1/3 mile from the San Bruno BART Station and approximately 1/3 mile of the future San Bruno Caltrain station which is currently under construction. . Bicycle Access through designated bike routes including: San Mateo Avenue, Airport Boulevard, and EI Camino Real. PURPOSE The purpose of this TOM Program is to develop a set of strategies, measures, and incentives to encourage future users of the project site to walk, bicycle, use public transportation, carpool, or use other alternatives to driving alone. In general, TOM supports more mobility by using existing transportation systems, boosts economic efficiency of the current transportation infrastructure, improves air quality, saves energy, and reduces traffic congestion. Convenience, time, and cost are the primary factors that affect a person's choice of transportation mode. Measures that work well for some people or types of businesses do not work as well for others. Therefore, an effective TOM Program needs to provide multiple options and incentives that are flexible enough to allow customization to meet the varied needs of individual employees and employers. This program presents an array of proven strategies and measures used in the Bay Area under a flexible implementation plan that can meet the needs of the future tenants of the project site. ~ . I ~ 1 LEGEND: N Not to Scale = Caltrain Tracks = Caltrain Station (existing) = Caltrain Station (planned) = BART Line = BART Station Walking Route to Rail Transit 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue TOM Plan SITE LOCATION April 2009 SF09-0427\graphics\0427-1 FIGURE 1 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue Transportal1on Demand Management Program Draft, Apnl2009 ,.. -- =--=-.,.....~~-- ---~ ----.-::..~~ ~ ~ - --..- - ---~- ~- ~ "- PROJECT DESCRIPTION The project site, as shown on Figure 1, is located at 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue in South San Francisco, California. The project will consist of remodeling an existing 571,748 square foot warehouse and constructing four, single story buildings to be used as industrial, warehousing, and other services allowed under the City's" M-1" Mixed Industrial designation. A fifth building will be constructed along the frontage of San Mateo Avenue to serve multiple tenants including restaurant, convenience store, and business and professional services totaling 9,100 square feet. The floor-area ratio (FAR) of the project is 0.57. This represents higher FAR than is currently permitted for industrial buildings in the area. The project would provide 625 parking spaces for passenger vehicles and trucks, not including loading zones and tractor trailer docking bays and 54 bicycle parking spaces. A site plan for the proposed project is shown on Figure 2. The proposed project is forecasted to generate 635 net new AM peak hour trips, 682 net new PM peak hour trips, and 5510 daily trips '. Proposed land uses on the site could have approximately 750 employees.' REGULATORY SETTING The TOM Program is based on guidelines provided by SSF' and C/CAG4, the local Congestion Management Agency for San Mateo County. City of South San Francisco Guidelines The SSF guidelines for TOM Programs require that all projects that generate greater than 100 daily trips and are seeking an FAR bonus obtain a required alternative mode use goal of 30 percent, based on a list of required TOM Program measures and other measures necessary to meet the goal. This alternative mode use goal is required to be monitored and reported to SSF through annual surveys of employee travel habits. The measures required and recommended for 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue will be discussed in greater detail in chapter 3 & 4. Below is the summary of required measures for TOM programs in South San Francisco': The full list and description of required and additional measures is in Appendix C. Required Measures All non-residential developments shall implement the following measures: A Bicycle Parking, Long-Term. The applicant shall determine the appropriate number of bicycle spaces. Bicycle parking shall be located within 75 feet of a main entrance to the building and all long-term spaces must be covered. Long-term bicycle parking shall be achieved by providing one or more of the following measures: 1. Parking in a locked, controlled access room or area enclosed by a fence with a locked gate. 2. Lockers. 1 See Appendix B for proposed project trip generation and employee forecasts. 'Based on rates from "Employment Density Summary Report", The Natelson Company Inc., 2002. , City of South San Francisco, Municipal Code, Chapter 20.120, 2006. 4 City/County Association of Governments of San Mateo County, Revised C/CAG Guidelines for the Implementation of the Land Use Component of the Congestion Management Program, 2004. ~ . I ~ 3 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue Transportal1on Demand Management Program Draft, Apnl2009 ,.. -- =--=-.,.....~~-- ---~ ----.-::..~~ ~ ~ - --..- - ---~- ~- ~ "- 3. Parking within view or within 100 feet of an attendant or security guard. 4. Parking in an area that is monitored by a security camera. 5. Providing fixed stationary objects that allow the bicycle frame and both wheels to be locked. B. Bicycle Parking, Short Term. The applicant shall determine the appropriate number of bicycle spaces. If more than 10 short-term spaces are required at least 50 percent must be covered. C. Carpool and Vanpool Ridematching Services. The Designated Employer Contact shall be responsible for matching potential carpoolers and vanpoolers using available ride matching services. D. Designated Employer Contact. Each applicant shall designate or require tenants to designate an employee as the official contact for the TOM Program. The Designated Employer Contact shall administer aspects of the TOM program and promote alternative mode uses on the site. E. Direct Route to Transit. A well-lighted path or sidewalk shall be provided utilizing the most direct route to the nearest transit or shuttle stop from the building. F. Carpool and Vanpool Free Parking. Preferential parking spaces shall be provided free of charge. G. Guaranteed Ride Home. Carpool, van pool, and transit riders shall be provided with guaranteed rides home in emergencies. H. Information Boards/Kiosks. The Designated Employer Contact shall display in a permanent location the following information: transit routes and schedules; carpooling and vanpooling information; bicycle lanes, routes and paths and facility information; and alternative commute subsidy information. I. Passenger Loading Zones. Passenger loading zones for carpool and van pool drop-off shall be located near the main building entrance. J. Pedestrian Connections. Safe, convenient pedestrian connections shall be provided from the project to surrounding external streets. K. Preferential Carpool and Vanpool Parking. Ten Percent of vehicle spaces shall be reserved for carpools or van pools, with a minimum of one space required. L. Promotional Programs. Promotional programs shall be promoted and organized by the Designated Employer Contact such as: new tenant and employee orientation packets; flyers, posters; promotions of Spare the Air (June - October); Rideshare Week (October); trip planning assistance-routes and maps. M. Shower/Clothes Lockers. Shower and clothes locker facilities shall be provided free of charge. N. Shuttle Program. Establish a Shuttle Program or participate in an existing program. O. Transportation Management Association (TMA). The applicant shall participate or require tenant to participate in a local TMA that provides ongoing support for alternative commute programs. City/County Association of Governments of San Mateo County Guidelines C/CAG guidelines require developments that generate 100 or more net new peak hour trips to implement TOM measures that have the capacity to mitigate all new peak hour trips, based on C/CAG programmatic trip credits. ~ . I ~ 4 ~ 'C Q) 1;0'" = e u 0 SOU) ~Oi _ C .......I = - ~ m ~ ~ ID :gO 0~ '0'0 u ~ <0 1i5 8 ~ 8 fJ)'C: ~.~ ~~ .;:: c (j)- o Q) Q) ~ <0 E g.Q OlO(l)W E 8'c~ tl32:ge CeO- oE8cO """:..c (f) (0 vi ~ 'Ci::'; g is ~ ~.!: j2 "'"".1Ji E ~ 'S 0) W:.:J aJ [lJ C ......:......: .2 ~,' vi vi:J . (J)lOLl (01'- ;;:: g (J).(J).1Ji ~ ffi ~ [5 'S (') N 00 OJ z ~ :1 fu~~ g "'. "- . o. 0 " ~~ '! I H""'. f_"'" I I J tl ++ ~'-rIIETTln~nllH~IIIJU II 11-'.1111 UJ w ~ <>: o (f) a f-- f-- a z c N ro W Ii: '" :;; :::l 0 Cl f-- ii: ~ ~ c ~ ,1( 0 .'!l ro :;; c ro en 0 '" 0 ~ "" 0 .... 0 ~ " , .U) ~ 9 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue Transportal1on Demand Management Program Draft, Apnl2009 ,.. -- =--=-.,.....~~-- ---~ ----.-::..~~ ~ ~ - --..- - -------~- ~- ~ "- 2. EXISTING TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM This chapter describes the existing transportation system in the project vicinity, including the transit services and facilities, bicycle facilities, and pedestrian facilities. TRANSIT SERVICE The project site is located within walking distance to two regional rail services. It is approximately 0.35 mile walking distance to the San Bruno BART station and 0.36 mile from the future San Bruno Caltrain station that is located at the intersections of San Bruno Avenue and San Mateo Avenue. The public bus transit in San Mateo County, Sam Trans, has stops at the rail station locations, but does not directly serve the project site. Pedestrian accessibility to BART and Caltrain stations are adequate with sidewalks and crosswalks connecting to each. The existing transit services are shown on Figure 3 and described in detail below. Rail Service Caltrain and BART provide rail transportation services to a variety of regional destinations such as San Francisco, Oakland, and San Jose. Caltrain The current Caltrain station is currently just under a mile south of the site in San Bruno at the intersection of Sylvan and Huntington Avenues. Caltrain frequencies vary between 20, 35, and 40 minutes in the northbound direction during the AM commute period (6:00 - 9:00 AM). During the PM commute period (4:00 - 7:00 PM), southbound frequencies vary between 20 and 40 minutes. Less frequent service, about once every hour, is provided during off-peak periods. Local and some limited (skip-stop) trains stop at this station, approximately every twenty minutes to an hour. There are no plans to have express (Baby Bullet) service stops at this station. In the near future, Caltrain and the City of San Bruno plan on moving the San Bruno Caltrain station about Y, mile to the north near the intersection of San Bruno Avenue and San Mateo Avenue as part of a grade separation project in the area. The Caltrain station will then be about 1/3 mile from the project site. : ~. ~ ~ I. 1 . ~2"f~ ).,t<4. I, -_ ~ to -"l ~__V;" .: The San Bruno BART station is currently about 1/3 mile from the project site on Huntington Avenue. The station is located adjacent to the Tanforan shopping mall and is a short walk from the project site along Scott Street. BART service frequencies average about once every 15 minutes during the AM (600 - 900 AM) and PM (400 - 7:00 PM) commute periods and about once every 20 minutes during off- peak periods. BART provides regional rail rapid transit service to San Francisco, Oakland and large portions of the East Bay. BART also serves the San Francisco International Airport and Millbrae south of the station. BART ~ . I ~ 6 LEGEND: N Not to Scale = Caltrain Tracks = Caltrain Station (existing) = Caltrain Station (planned) = BART Line = BART Station = Existing Bike Route = Proposed Bike Route = SamTrans Transit Route 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue TOM Plan EXISTING AND PROPOSED TRANSPORTATION SERVICES April 2009 SF09-0427\graphics\0427-3 FIGURE 3 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue Transportal1on Demand Management Program Draft, Apnl2009 ,.. -- =--=-.,.....~~-- ---~ ----.-::..~~ ~ ~ - --..- - -------~- ~- ~ "- Shuttle Service There is extensive shuttle service to places of employment primarily east of US-101 in South San Francisco connecting to the South San Francisco Caltrain and BART stations. However, no existing or planned shuttle service passes by the project site. Bus Service SamTrans is the transit authority for San Mateo County that provides both local and regional bus service, primarily to San Mateo County locations and downtown San Francisco. SamTrans does not provide direct service to the project site on San Mateo Avenue. The closest bus stops are located along San Bruno Avenue and at the San Bruno BART station, each approximately 1/3 mile away. . Route 141 provides bus service between the San Bruno Bart Station and western San Bruno via downtown San Bruno. . Route 140 connects San Bruno BART station to southern Daly City and west to the Pacific Manor Shopping Center in Pacifica. . Route 391 runs along EI Camino Real, connecting San Francisco Transbay Terminal with Redwood City. . Route 38 connects the northern San Francisco Airport service areas with Colma BART station via limited stops using 1-280 and 1-380 freeways. . Route 133 connects to downtown South San Francisco and western South San Francisco. . Route 43 connects to San Bruno and Millbrae to the south. The hours of operation vary by route and range from 4AM to 2AM for Route 391 and 6AM to 7PM for Route 141. The frequency of service varies by route and time of day ranging from every 15 minutes to every 30 minutes. Figure 3 provides a map of these routes. BICYCLE FACILITIES Bicycle facilities include bike paths (Class I), bike lanes (Class II), and signed bike routes (Class III). Bike paths are paved trails that are separated from roadways. Bike lanes are lanes on roadways designated for use by bicycles with striping, pavement legends, and signs. Bike routes are roadways that are designated for bicycle use by signs only and mayor may not include additional pavement width for cyclists. San Mateo Avenue is designated as a Class III bike route by the South San Francisco General Plan. The route connects downtown San Bruno to downtown South San Francisco. There are planned Class III bike routes on Linden Avenue to the north of the site and a planned Class I bike path over the BART right-of-way where BART tracks run underground. ~ . I ~ 8 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue Transportal1on Demand Management Program Draft, Apnl2009 ,.. -- =--=-.,.....~~-- ---~ ----.-::..~~ ~ ~ - --..- - -------~- ~- ~ "- PEDESTRIAN FACILITIES Pedestrian facilities include sidewalks, crosswalks, trails, and pedestrian signals. Near the project site, sidewalks are provided on both sides of San Mateo Avenue. Since the area is industrial in nature, there are many areas where the sidewalk crosses large curb cuts and driveway entrances, and in such cases, the pedestrian path is not clearly delineated. Some sidewalks in the area are narrow (3-4 feet) which is less than ADA compliance standards. Furthermore, the network at some intersections lacks wheelchair ramps and crosswalk markings, also not compliant with ADA standards. Access to the BART station has been partially improved along the Scott Street Caltrain at-grade crossing with sidewalks and ADA compliant ramps. The project will provide compliant sidewalks and crossings frontage on San Mateo Avenue and within the site. for the length of its ~ . I ~ 9 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue Transportal1on Demand Management Program Draft, Apnl2009 ,.. -- =--=-.,.....~~-- ---~ ----.-::..~~ ~ ~ - --..- - -------~- ~- ~ "- 3. TRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT PROGRAM The 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue TOM Program will include on-site amenities that encourage the use of alternative modes of travel, participation in associations that promote commute alternatives to the single-occupant vehicle, and parking measures. The menu of strategies includes appropriate TOM measures that will satisfy SSF and C/CAG guidelines. Table 1 summarizes the TOM measures, which are described in detail below. Figure 4 presents a summary of the proposed general locations for the site design features. Final locations for TOM measures will be determined with building tenants. TABLE 1 1070 & 1080 SAN MATEO AVENUE TRANSPORTATION DEMAND PROGRAM MEASURES City of South San TDM Measure Description Francisco Municipal Code Required Site Design Features Secure Bicycle Storage Bicycle storage vvill be provided on-site as racks, cages, lockers, or 20120040 (A, B) inside. Direct Route to Transit A well-lit path or sidewalk will be provided on site to the most direct 20 120 040 (E) route to the nearest transit or shuttle stop from the building. Free Carpool/Vanpool Free parking spaces vvill be provided for carpools and van pools. 20 120040 (F, I<) Parking Passenger Loading A loading zone for van pool and carpool rides will be provided near the 20120040 (I) Zones building entrances. Pedestrian Lighted paths and sidewalks will be provided between the buildings, and 20120040 (E, J) Connections parking areas. Preferential Carpool Preferential parking spaces will be provided for carpools. 20 120 040 (K) Parking Preferential Van pool Preferential parking spaces will be provided for van pools. 20 120 040 (I<) Parking Showers/Clothes TVvO shovver facilities vvith clothing lockers will be provided on-site, vvith 20 120 040 (M) Lockers shovver access available to all employees. Shuttle Program- Since the project site is located approximately 1/3 mile from both the 20 120 040 (N) Proximity to Transit future Caltrain and existing BART stations, a 12.5% transit mode share credit will be credited to the site in lieu of providing shuttle service. I nformation Boards and The building lobbies, employee break rooms, or other common areas 20 120 040 (H) Kiosks will include permanent displays of commute alternative information. Required Supporting Features Carpool/Vanpool The TOM Coordinator will provide ride-matching services for carpool 20120040 (C) Matching Services and van pool users through 511.org and/or an internal program. Designated Employer The tenants of the buildings will designate an individual TDM 20120040 (D) Contact - ETC (TDM Coordinator(s) (or may share a coordinator with other tenants). ~ . I ~ 10 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue Transportal1on Demand Management Program Draft, Apnl2009 ,.. -- =--=-.,.....~~-- ---~ ----.-::..~~ ~ ~ - --..- - -------~- ~- ~ "- Coordinators) Guaranteed Ride Employees vvill be able to utilize the Peninsula Traffic Congestion Relief 20120040 (G) Home Program Alliance's free guaranteed ride home program for emergencies via taxicabs or rental cars. Promotional Programs The TOM Coordinator will provide new employee orientation packets, 20120040 (L) (Quarterly) flyers, posters, email, and educational programs on a quarterly basis. This may include a lunchtime transportation options fair with the Alliance and transportation providers participating. Transportation Options Transit maps and schedules vvill be posted on campus and on the 20120040 (L) for Visitors (Maps and tenant vvebsites for visitor use, if available. The TOM Coordinator will Schedules); On-site offer on-site assistance to visitors. Assistance Transportation The tenants will join the Peninsula Traffic Congestion Relief Alliance 20120040 (0) Management and form an action plan vvith them. Association Participation (Alliance) Biannual Employee The TOM Coordinator will administer a biannual survey to determine 20120040 (0) Commute Survey alternative transportation mode use and opportunities to TOM strategy adjustments. New Employee Transportation options will be outlined in the tenant's employee 20120040 (L) Orientation Packet handbook, or on an intranet site, etc. Commute Alternatives Brochure racks will be provided in public spaces within each building. 20120040 (L) Brochure Rack (Maps and Schedules) Spare the Air The TOM Coordinator will promote this program to combat air pollution 20120040 (L) Promotion in the San Francisco Bay Area (when some transit agencies will sponsor free transit rides). Rideshare Week The TOM Coordinator will promote carpooling and van pooling as an 20120040 (L) Promotion alternative form of transportation during a Rideshare Promotion Week. Additional Site Design Features I nfill Development Encourage infill development to occur on site 20.120.050 (J) Motorcycle Parking Provide preferential motorcycle parking 20.120.050 (J) Bicycle Connections Bicycle connections vvill be provided to bicycle parking areas from 20.120.050 (B) bicycle routes. Additional Supporting Features Subsidized Transit The tenants will subsidize transit tickets by offering pre-tax payroll 20.120.050 (A) Tickets deductions for Commuter Checks or directly providing Commuter Checks as an employee benefit. On-Site Amenities The following amenities will be provided on-site: convenience store, 20.120.050 (F) restaurant establishment, and office supply or business-supporting establishment. On-Site Transit Sales Transit ticket sales will be provided on-site via Commuter Check direct 20.120.050 (F) deposit. Source: City of South San Francisco, 2008, City/County Association of Governments San Mateo County 2004, and Fehr & Peers, 2009. ~ . I ~ 11 I I I I I I I . 0 I :~ I ~-~I I I ..1 . I . I I I I I I I w '" m ~ 0; C ID " '< <( C ~ 0 ~ 0; 0) D- m u c ~ 0 D- o ~ '6 ~ ~ I- ID 0 0 m ~ ro "- CO 0 l- e; ~ C ~ 0 D- ~ 0 >- 0 :2 c 0 ro --- --- --- Z 0 m 0 ~ " C Z OJ '" ~ '" ~ ~ D- V 0 C ~ 'C V 0 e; 0 E ID 5 1;0 e; 0 " "- ~ ID " U U ~ S ~ 0 u u m ~ v " EO OJ 0 EO D- O) D- OJ . -U) C 0 I ~ z 0 I w 0 9 Cl 0 I w 0 I ...J 0 '~I . ~~~-----~.. . . . . . c ..,. ro W Ii: '" :;; :::l 0 Cl l- ii: V ~ C V .1( 0 .'!l ro :;; c ro en 0 '" 0 ~ "" 0 .... 0 ~ 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue Transportal1on Demand Management Program Draft, Apnl2009 ,.. -- =--=-.,.....~~-- ---~ ----.-::..~~ ~ ~ - --..- - ---~- ~- ~ "- MODE SHARE ASSUMPTIONS Based on a review of TOM Programs and employee travel surveys for comparable sites in South San Francisco, the TOM Program can provide the capacity to exceed the required alternative mode share for users of the project site. The proposed alternative mode share targets exceed the 30% required by the City of South San Francisco's TOM guidelines. . Transit: 12.5% (94 employees) 1 . Internalization to site: 12% (90 employees) , . Carpool: 10% (75 employees)' . Vanpool: 4% (30 employees) , . Bicycle: 2% (15 employees)' . Walk: 1 % (8 employees) , . Motorcycle/Scooter: 0.5% (4 employees)' The quantity and distribution of the TOM strategies presented in this chapter reflect this assumption. Should employee surveys find the minimum 30 percent mode share is not met then additional or substitute TOM strategies, may be appropriate. REQUIRED MEASURES Site Design Features Bicvcle Parkinq The Landlord will provide 54 bicycle parking spaces based on tenant needs. This is comprised of 22 indoor long term spaces and 32 outdoor short-term spaces. At least 1 bike parking space needs to be provided for every auto parking space. Of this, 50% must be long-term (covered). The 22 proposed indoor spaces exceed these minimum thresholds. Figure 4 includes proposed bicycle parking locations. Direct Route to Transit Well-lit paths will be provided utilizing the most direct route to the nearest transit stop from the different buildings via San Mateo Avenue. These paths are shown in Figure 4. 1 Based on employee transit mode shares near Caltrain & BART stations. Source: "Transit Use and Proximity to Rail", Jennifer Dill, 2001. , OKS Associates , Based on percentages used for Centrum Properties Gateway TOM Plan, 2009; South San Francisco Fed Ex Ground TOM Plan, 2007. ~ . I ~ 13 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue Transportal1on Demand Management Program Draft, Apnl2009 ,.. -- =--=-.,.....~~-- ---~ ----.-::..~~ ~ ~ - --..- - -------~- ~- ~ "- Free Parkinq for Carpools and Vanpools Free parking will be provided for all carpools and vanpools. Passenqer Loadinq Zones A passenger loading zone for carpool or vanpool drop-oils will be provided convenient to all buildings. Parking stalls immediately adjacent to building entrances will be time-restricted to allow vehicles to drop-oll/pick-up passengers. Seven potential drop-oil points for carpools have been identified in Figure 4. Pedestrian Connections On-site pedestrian facilities will be provided, including sidewalks and lighted paths between the buildings, parking areas, and San Mateo Avenue. These connections are shown in Figure 4. Preferential Carpool and Vanpool Parkinq Ten percent of parking spaces will be reserved for carpools and vanpools and will be located in premium and convenient locations, per City requirements. These preferential spaces are intended to discourage single- occupant vehicle trips and improve accessibility for those sharing vehicles. Based on the anticipated mode share for the project site, these spaces may be underused. Therefore, unused carpool/vanpool spaces could be occupied by single occupancy vehicles allowed after 10 AM, thereby also promoting flextime. Shower and Locker Facilities Shower and locker facilities will help promote cycling as an alternative commute option. Shower facilities (men's and women's) will be provided in at least one of the campus buildings, assuring all tenants have access. Each shower facility will include one shower and 8 clothing lockers, available on a first-come, first-served basis. Transit Service The site, being located approximately 1/3 mile from premium regional rail transit, will promote transit usage in lieu of providing shuttle service. Research suggests that work sites located between Y. and Y, mile BART experience an average transit mode share of 6% and sites within the same distance range from Caltrain stations experience a 4% transit mode share.' Local bus usage comprises the remaining 2.5% transit mode share.' Information Boards and Kiosks An information kiosk/board will be located in employee break rooms or other common gathering areas (i.e., building lobby). The kiosk will contain information on shuttles, SamTrans, Caltrain, BART, VTA, vanpool organizations, bicycle routes, and other transportation options information. The TOM Coordinator will be in charge of updating information. , Source: "Transit Use and Proximity to Rail", Jennifer Dill, 2001. , Bus transit mode share for work trips was 3.3% in San Mateo County in 2000; Source: 2000. U.S. Census Bureau, ~ . I ~ 14 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue Transportal1on Demand Management Program Draft, Apnl2009 ,.. -- =--=-.,.....~~-- ---~ ----.-::..~~ ~ ~ - --..- - -------~- ~- ~ "- Supporting Features TOM Coordinators The lease agreement between the owner and tenants will state that the tenants will designate a master TOM Coordinator for the entire project site. Each tenant will have a designated contact who will aid the TOM Coordinator in administering programs. The TOM Coordinator will promote the TOM Program, activities, and features to all employees, and will conduct the monitoring/reporting process. The TOM Coordinator will develop on-site transportation information centers with SamTrans, BART, and Caltrain schedules and maps. The TOM Coordinator will provide information via new employee orientation packets, flyers, posters, email, and/or educational programs. The TOM Coordinator's role will also include actively marketing alternative mode use, administering the carpool and vanpool matching program, promoting special programs such as Bike-to-Work Day or Carpool Week, and overseeing the guaranteed ride home program (working with local taxi service or rental car agencies and the Peninsula Traffic Congestion Relief Alliance). The TOM Coordinator will also conduct biannual employee commute surveys to identify the need for mode specific promotional material and educational programs and to ensure compliance to the TOM program. TMA Membership Tenants will participate with the Peninsula Traffic Congestion Relief Alliance, with provides ongoing support for alternative commute programs. The TOM Coordinators will work with the Alliance to create a Transportation Action Plan for each tenant. Alliance membership includes administration of the Guaranteed Ride Home Program, provision of promotional materials and coordination of marketing efforts, and providing carpool and vanpool ridematching tools for TOM coordinators and contacts. Carpool/Vanpool Matchinq Services Carpools in the Bay Area consist of two or more people riding in one vehicle for commute purposes. Vanpools provide similar commuting benefits as carpools, though a vanpool consists of seven to 15 passengers, including the driver, and the vehicle is either owned by one of the vanpoolers or leased from a vanpool rental company. The TOM Coordinator will provide an Internet link to the 511.org Rideshare website to access ride matching services. The TOM Coordinator will also administer an on-site carpool and van pool matching service for employees and maintain a list of available vanpools that provide service between the project site and various points in the Bay Area. Guaranteed Ride Home A common reason that some employees do not use alternative modes (i.e., carpool, vanpool, or transit) is the inability to leave work unexpectedly for a family emergency or the fear of being stranded if they need to work late. One TOM element that allays these fears is the Alliance's Guaranteed Ride Home program. With this program, employees can use a taxi service, rental car or other means to travel home in the event of an emergency and the employer pays for the service. The lease agreement will state that the tenants must participate in the Alliance's Guaranteed Ride Home program, which will be managed by the TOM Coordinator. Employees who wish to use the service will contact the TOM Coordinator to make the travel arrangements. Promotional Promams Promotional programs include new employee orientation packets outlining alternative transportation options and an orientation program, which will explain the importance and benefits of using alternative transportation modes. ~ . I ~ 15 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue Transportal1on Demand Management Program Draft, Apnl2009 ,.. -- =--=-.,.....~~-- ---~ ----.-::..~~ ~ ~ - --..- - -------~- ~- ~ "- Other annual or quarterly events could include a "commute fair" where various transit organizations can set up marketing booths during lunch and encourage other events like "Bike to Work Day." Transportation Options for Visitors (Maps and Schedules)' On-site Assistance Visitors to the project site will also be able to use the on-site transportation amenities. Maps and schedules will be available online and tenant TOM Coordinators will offer on-site assistance. Biannual Emplovee Commute Survev The TOM Program will be performance-based and the alternative mode use will be monitored biannually, beginning one year after tenant occupancy. The alternative mode use and general perceptions of the TOM Program will come from statistically valid employee surveys. The TOM Coordinator may use information from the employee surveys to adjust existing or implement new TOM Program measures. The TOM Coordinator will submit the biannual survey to the SSF Economic Development Director. The TOM Coordinator will also work with SSF Economic Development staff to document the effectiveness of the TOM Program through triennial reporting. Independent consultants, retained by the City and paid for by the tenants, will measure, through observation, the alternative mode use achieved at the project site every three years, beginning three years after tenant occupancy. If the alternative mode use goals are not achieved, the TOM Coordinator will provide an explanation of how and why the goal has not been reached and a detailed description of additional measures that will be adopted to attain the required mode use. The independent consultants will submit the findings of the triennial survey to the SSF Economic Development Director. New Emplovee Orientation Packet Orientation packets will provide information on TOM Program benefits. Packets will include (but not be limited to) information on carpool/vanpool options, shuttle services, Downtown Dasher, and bicycle options. Commute Alternatives Brochure Rack (Maps and Schedules) Brochure racks will be placed in public spaces in buildings, for example break rooms or lobbies. They will provide information on transportation options and upcoming events, such as "Bike to Work Day." The TOM Coordinator will maintain and update the brochure racks with current information. Spare the Air Promotion The TOM Coordinator will notify employees of Spare the Air days (as declared for the Bay Area region) and associated transit promotions. Prizes may be offered for non-SOV travel on these days to encourage participation. Rideshare Week Promotion The TOM Coordinator will promote and encourage ridesharing during a Rideshare Week Promotion. The TOM Coordinator may offer prizes as incentives for ridesharing. ~ . I ~ 16 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue Transportal1on Demand Management Program Draft, Apnl2009 ,.. -- =--=-.,.....~~-- ---~ ----.-::..~~ ~ ~ - --..- - -------~- ~- ~ "- ADDITIONAL CITY OF SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO MEASURES Site Design Features Motorcvcle/Scooter Parkina Four marked motorcycle parking spaces will be provided in the parking lot. In addition, up to four motorcycles can park within a single vehicle parking space. Bicvcle Connections Bicycle connections will be provided to connect bicycle routes to building entrances and bicycle storage facilities. These connections and facilities are shown on Figures 3 & 4. Supporting Features Subsidized Transit Tickets The TOM Coordinator will facilitate tenant participation in the Commuter Check program (online), which provides vouchers that can be redeemed online for transit passes and tickets, van pool fares, or park and ride lot costs at BART/Caltrain stations. The Commuter Check credit will be provided tax-free to employees that ride transit to work in amounts up to $120 per month (amount determined by the IRS (IRS Tax Code Section 132(f) - Qualified Transportation Fringe)). Tenants may also elect to partially or fully subsidize Commuter Checks as an employee benefit. On-site Amenities The site will contain several conveniences such as a restaurant establishment, convenience store, and an office or business-supporting establishment. These convenience establishments are intended to help reduce the perceived need to use a car to obtain such amenities. Additionally, the TOM coordinator will make employees aware of e-concierge services such as grocery delivery and dry-cleaning services that are available. On-site Transit Sales Commuter Checks will be available online through Commuter Check Direct, a service that will deliver the transit passes directly to the employee's home or office. Flextime - Ootional Where feasible, tenants will offer flextime options such as compressed workweeks and alternative work hours. As noted above, employees arriving after 10 AM will be eligible to park in available carpool and vanpool preferential parking locations. This measure, if implemented, allows for C/CAG peak hour trip mitigation credits. Parkina Permit Proaram - Ootional Should the need arise in the future for further trip reductions, the landlord should consider charging employees for parking. The proceeds for the program can be used to fund subsidized transit tickets, subsidies to employees who walk or bike to work, and the guaranteed ride home program. Studies have shown that priced parking is a major motivation for use of alternative modes. The program could create an opportunity benefit for the landlord by ~ . I ~ 17 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue Transportal1on Demand Management Program Draft, Apnl2009 ,.. -- =--=-.,.....~~-- ---~ ----.-::..~~ ~ ~ - --..- - -------~- ~- ~ "- requiring less parking and thus opening up more developable space. The C/CAG trip credit program will provide one trip credit for every space priced $20 per month or more. On-Site Bike Sharina - Ootional The project site is located within one mile to shopping areas that may provide services and conveniences valuable to employees. These areas include downtown San Bruno (south on San Mateo Avenue near the existing Caltrain Station) and the Tanforan Shopping mall (next to the San Bruno BART station). Employees using alternative modes will have an easier time accessing these sites for mid-day trips if bicycles were provided for employee use. Bicycles are more highly recommended than alternatives such as electric vehicles or autos due to their relative low cost to purchase and operate, non-impact to air quality, and the short distance to these destinations. A bike sharing program could be implemented providing for several bicycles to be checked out by employees for mid-day use to these destinations instead of relying on a personal automobile. PHASING The 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue redevelopment will be incremental and phased. As such, the implementation of the TOM Program will be incremental to reflect the number and nature of employees within each development phase. The full TOM program will be deployed with full build out. Appendix A presents a set of provision assumptions associated with each strategy. This includes provision requirements such as carpool/vanpool parking (10% of parking provisions). These assumptions may be referenced in each phase to determine incremental site design features as appropriate. Most of the supporting features are existing (requiring only tenant enrollment) or will be established with each new tenant. ENFORCEMENT AND FINANCING Landlord will prepare lease language for all tenants that requires the designation of a TOM Coordinator for the project site (multiple tenants may share one TOM Coordinator), a TOM contact for each tenant, membership in the Alliance, and compliance with and implementation of the TOM Program. Tenants may implement the TOM Program with different additional measures, so long as the programmatic credits from the replacement measures meet or exceed the programmatic credits of the measures identified by this plan, as described in Appendix D. Tenants not meeting requirements may be subjected to penalties per the lease. The 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue TOM Program will be funded through tenant payments and Alliance grants, which pay up to 50 percent of bicycle facility and Guaranteed Ride Home Program costs. ~ . I ~ 18 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue Transportal1on Demand Management Program Draft, Apnl2009 ,.. -- =--=-.,.....~~-- ---~ ----.-::..~~ ~ ~ - --..- - -------~- ~- ~ "- 4. COMPLIANCE WITH GUIDELINES AND EFFECTIVENESS As noted in the Regulatory Setting section of Chapter 1, the TOM Program must comply with SSF and C/CAG Guidelines. These guidelines and effectiveness standards are described below. CITY OF SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO GUIDELINES The SSF Guidelines require the 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue TOM Program to achieve a 30 percent alternative mode use credit. According to the SSF Guidelines, the TOM Program will implement all required and several additional TOM measures. According to the percentages assumed under "Mode Share Assumptions", the project will obtain 42% of daily mode share. Based on this methodology, the TOM Program will provide for 2,314 alternative mode use credit trips, which represents 42 percent of the estimated 5,510 total daily project trips, including mid-day and off-peak trips. Assumptions for the TOM Program quantities are included in Appendix A. The TOM Program will therefore exceed SSF TOM requirements by providing all required measures and meeting the required 30 percent minimum alternative mode use. CITY/COUNTY ASSOCIATION OF GOVERNMENTS OF SAN MATEO COUNTY GUIDELINES C/CAG Guidelines require the TOM Program to provide the capacity to fully mitigate the demand for new peak hour trips. According to C/CAG Guidelines, the amount of "new" peak hour trips' is forecasted based on standard rates developed by the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE). Applying ITE rates, the proposed project is forecasted to generate 635 new AM peak hour trips, 682 new PM peak hour trips, and 5,510 new daily trips. Based on C/CAG trip credits, the proposed project at 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue TOM Program will have the capacity to reduce the demand for peak hour trips by 1,384 trips, as shown in Table 2. This is in excess of the maximum number of AM or PM peak hour trips calculated using the ITE estimate of 1,317 peak hour (635 AM and 682 PM). The 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue TOM Program therefore exceeds C/CAG requirements. , "New" is defined as in excess of existing land use trip generation. , See Appendix B for project trip generation and employee forecasts. ~ . I ~ 19 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue Transportal1on Demand Management Program Draft, Apnl2009 ,.. -- =--=-.,.....~~-- ---~ ----.-::..~~ ~ ~ - --..- - -------~- ~- ~ "- TABLE 2 COMPLIANCE WITH GUIDELINES AND TOM PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS City of South C/CAG C/CAG TDM Measure San Francisco Amount Credit Trip Municioal Code Rate Credits Required Site Design Features Bicycle Parking - Long Term (Class I) 20120040 (A) 22 spaces n/a n/a Bicycle Parking - Short Term (Class II) 20120040 (B) 32 spaces n/a n/a Total Secure Bicycle Storage 20120040 (A, B) 54 spaces 0.33 18 Direct Route to Transit 20 120 040 (E) 2 paths n/a n/a Free Carpool/Vanpool Parking 20120040 (F, K) 100% n/a n/a Passenger Loading Zones 20120040 (I) 7 loading zones n/a n/a Pedestrian Connections 20120040 (E, J) 6 pedestrian safety featu res 5 30 Preferential Carpool Parking 20 120 040 (K) 75 spaces 2 150 Preferential Van pool Parking 20 120 040 (K) 4 spaces 7 28 Showers/Clothes Lockers 20 120 040 (M) 2 shovvers 10 20 Additional Credit for Combination with Bicycle Lockers 20120040 (A, B, M) 1 5 5 Credit for Proximity to rail transit 20 120 040 (N) 164 peak hr transit trips 1 164 Additional Credit for Combination with Guaranteed Ride 20120040 (8, N) 164 peak hr Home Program transit trips 1 164 I nformation Boards and Kiosks 20 120 040 (H) 8 kiosks 5 40 Required Supporting Features Carpool/Vanpool Matching Services 20120040 (C) 4 vanpools 10 40 Designated Employer Contact - ETC (TDM Coordinator) 20120040 (D) 4TDM Contacts/Coord. 10 40 Guaranteed Ride Home Program 20120040 (8) 388 Transit, Bike, Walk Peak Trips covered 1 388 Promotional Programs (Quarterly) 20 120040 (L) 4 TDM Contacts 1 4 Transportation Options for Visitors (Maps and Schedules); 20120040 (L) On-site Assistance 4 TDM Contacts 1 4 Transportation Management Association Participation 20120040 (0) (Alliance) 1 5 5 Tvvice-Yearly Employee Commute Survey 20120040 (0) 1 3 3 New Employee Orientation Packet 20 120040 (L) 8 tenants 1 8 ~ . I ~ 20 1070 & 1080 San Mateo Avenue Transportal1on Demand Management Program Draft, Apnl2009 ,.. -- =--=-.,.....~~-- ---~ ----.-::..~~ ~ ~ - --..- - -------~- ~- ~ "- Commute Alternatives Brochure Rack (Maps and 20120040 (L) Schedules) 8 tenants 1 8 Spare the Air Promotion 20 120040 (L) 4 TDM Contacts 1 4 Rideshare Week Promotion 20 120040 (L) 4 TDM Contacts 1 4 Subtotal of Required Measures 1,127 trip credits Additional Site Design Features I nfill Development 20.120.050 (J) 1317 peak hr trips 2% 26 Motorcycle Parking 20.120.050 (J) 4 spaces n/a n/a Bicycle Connections 20.120.050 (B) 1 route 5 5 Additional Supporting Features Subsidized Transit Tickets 20.120.050 (A) 164 peak transit trips 1 164 On-Site Amenities (from E-Concierge) 20.120.050 (F) 4 ammenities 5 20 On-Site Transit Sales 20.120.050 (F) 4 TDM Contacts 1 4 Develop Transportation Action Plan with the Transportation 20.120.050 (J) Management Association 1 10 10 Additional Credit for Providing Ten or more TOM Program 20.120.050 (J) Measures 1 5 5 Subtotal of Additional Measures 203 trip credits Total TOM Program Measures 1,330trip credits Peak Hour Trip Target 1,317 Source: City/County Association of Governments of San Mateo County, 2004; City of South San Francisco, 2007; and Fehr & Peers, 2009. ~ . I ~ 21 APPENDIX A: TDM PROGRAM PROVISION ASSUMPTIONS 22 TABLE Al TOM PROGRAM QUANTITY CALCULATION ASSUMPTIONS TDM Measure Provision Assumptions Required Site Design Features Bicycle Parking - Long Term (Class I) Allowed Vlithin buildings: 10 Bldg #1, 8 Bldg #2-5, 4 in BldQ #6 Bicycle Parking - ShortT erm (Class II) Eight racks Vlith 4 spaces each (32 spaces) planned on- site Total Secure Bicycle Storage One space per 50 vehicle spaces minimum Passenger Loading Zones Convenient to entrances of all buildings (two for Bldg #1, one for each other buildinq) Carpool/ van pool parking must be provided at 10% of total Preferential Carpool Parking parking provision (assume 10% requirement less van pool spaces). 10% carpool emplovee mode share is 75 spaces. Carpool/ van pool parking must be provided at 10% of total Preferential Van pool Parking parking provision (assume 4 vans vvith 7 passengers per van - same mode share as Centrum Gatewav TOM Plan) Showers/Clothes Lockers 2 showers for site; 8 lockers per shower (exceeds ratio of emplovees per shower in Centrum Gatewav TDM Plan) Transit Promotion Program 12.5% transit mode share I nformation Boards and Kiosks One per tenant; 8 tenants minimum on site: 1 each in Bldg #1-5, 3 tenants in Blda. #6. Required Supporting Features Designated Employer Contact - ETC (TDM Coordinator) One per tenant or shared (one for the campus); assume 1 per 200 emplovees: 4 TDM Contacts/Coordinator; Guaranteed Ride Home Program All carpool, van pool, and transit riders are eligible Rideshare/ Van pool Matching 4 van pools of 7 riders each (4% mode share) Commute Alternatives Brochure Rack (Maps and Schedules) One per tenant - 8 tenants Additional Site Design Features Motorcycle Parking Provided for 0.5% of employees (4) Bicycle Connections Connects to designated bicycle route Additional Supporting Features Subsidized Transit Tickets 12.5% transit mode share On-Site Amenities (including E-Concierge) Four features available Source: Fehr & Peers, 2008. 23 APPENDIX B: PROJECT TRIP GENERATION AND EMPLOYEE ESTIMATES 24 The project trip generation and employee estimates, shown in Tables B1 and B2, are based on information from Trip Generation 1h Edition (Institute of Transportation Engineers, 2003) TABLE Bl PROJECT TRIP GENERATION FORECASTS Vehicle Trip Generation Rates ITE AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour Daily Land Use Code Unit Total In Out Total In Out Total Warehousing 150 ksf 0.42 65% 35% 0.45 19% 81% 3.56 Light Industrial 110 ksf 101 90% 10% 108 14% 86% 6.97 Locally Serving Business or Services 920 ksf 803 51% 49% 12.27 43% 57% 122.72 Restaurant Establishment 933 ksf 63.33 52% 48% 52.67 51% 49% 716 Convenience Establishment 852 ksf 33 51% 49% 36 49% 51% 360 Vehicle Trip Generation Estimates AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour Daily Land Use Amount Unit Total In Out Total In Out Total Warehousing 246 ksf 103 67 36 111 21 90 875 Light Industrial 369 ksf 372 335 37 397 56 342 2569 Locally Serving Business or Services 6.6 ksf 53 27 26 81 35 46 810 Restaurant Establishment 1.5 ksf 95 49 46 79 40 39 1074 Convenience Establishment 1 ksf 33 17 16 36 18 18 360 Subtotal New Trips 656 495 161 705 170 535 5,688 Deduction for Existing Site Trips -21 -14 -7 -23 -4 -9 -178 Total Net Trips 635 481 154 682 166 516 5,510 Source: Institute of Transportation Engineers, 2003 and OKS Associates, 2009 TABLE B2 EMPLOYEE POPULATION Land Use I Amount I Unit I SF oer Emolovee ., I Emolovees Warehousing 246 ksf 850 289 Light Industrial 369 ksf 850 434 Locally Serving Business or Services 6.6 ksf 350 19 Restaurant Establishment 1.5 ksf 350 5 Convenience Establishment 1 ksf 350 3 Total I 750 Notes: 1. Rounded up to the nearest 50 square feet. Source: "Employment Density Summary Report", The Natelson Company Inc., 2002 and Fehr & Peers, 2009. 25 APPENDIX C: CITY OF SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO TRAVEL DEMAND MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS 26 The City of South San Francisco list of required and additional TOM measures, presented below, were taken from the City of South San Francisco Municipal Code Chapter 20.120 (2001) Required Measures All non-residential developments shall implement the following measures: B. Bicycle Parking, Long-Term. The applicant shall determine the appropriate number of bicycle spaces based on the required alternative mode use and subject to review and approval by the Chief Planner. Bicycle parking shall be located within 75 feet of a main entrance to the building and all long-term spaces must be covered. Long-term bicycle parking shall be achieved by providing one or more of the following measures: 1. Parking in a locked, controlled access room or area enclosed by a fence with a locked gate. 2. Lockers. 3. Parking within view or within 100 feet of an attendant or security guard. 4. Parking in an area that is monitored by a security camera. 5. Providing fixed stationary objects that allow the bicycle frame and both wheels to be locked with a bicycle-locking device or a bicyclist supplying only a lock and six-foot cable. B. Bicycle Parking, Short Term. The applicant shall determine the appropriate number of bicycle spaces based on the required alternative mode use and subject to review and approval by the Chief Planner. If more than 10 short-term spaces are required at least 50 percent must be covered. Bicycle parking shall be located within 100 feet of a main entrance to the building. Security shall be achieved by using one or more of the same methods used for securing long-term bicycle parking. P. Carpool and Vanpool Ridematching Services. The Designated Employer Contact shall be responsible for matching potential carpoolers and vanpoolers by administering a carpool/vanpool matching application. The application shall match employees who may be able to carpool or vanpool. Q. Designated Employer Contact. Each applicant shall designate or require tenants to designate an employee as the official contact for the TOM Program. The City shall be provided with a current name and phone number of the Designated Employer Contact. The Designated Employer Contact shall administer carpool and vanpool ridematching services, the promotional programs, update information on the information boards/kiosks, and be the official contact for the administration of the annual survey and Triennial report. R. Direct Route to Transit. A well-lighted path or sidewalk shall be provided utilizing the most direct route to the nearest transit or shuttle stop from the building. S. Free parking for Carpools and Vanpools. The preferential parking spaces shall be provided free of charge. T. Guaranteed Ride Home. Carpool, van pool, and transit riders shall be provided with guaranteed rides home in emergencies. Rides shall be provided either by a transportation service provider (taxi or rental car) or an informal policy using company vehicles and/or designated employees. U. Information Boards/Kiosks. The Designated Employer Contact shall display in a permanent location the following information: transit routes and schedules; carpooling and vanpooling information; bicycle lanes, routes and paths and facility information; and alternative commute subsidy information. V. Passenger Loading Zones. Passenger loading zones for carpool and van pool drop-off shall be located near the main building entrance. 28 W. Pedestrian Connections. Safe, convenient pedestrian connections shall be provided from the project to surrounding external streets and, if applicable, trails. Lighting, landscaping, and building orientation should be designed to enhance pedestrian safety. X. Preferential Carpool and Vanpool Parking. Ten Percent of vehicle spaces shall be reserved for carpools or vanpools, with a minimum of one space required. Such spaces shall be provided in premium and convenient locations. Y. Promotional Programs. The following promotional programs shall be promoted and organized by the Designated Employer Contact: new tenant and employee orientation packets on transportation alternatives; flyers, posters, brochures, and emails on commute alternatives; transportation fairs; Spare the Air (June - October); Rideshare Week (October); trip planning assistance-routes and maps. Z. Shower/Clothes Lockers. Shower and clothes locker facilities shall be provided free of charge. AA Shuttle Program. Establish a Shuttle Program or participate in an existing program, approved by the Chief Planner, and subject to any fees for the existing program. BB. Transportation Management Association (TMA). The applicant shall participate or require tenant to participate in a local TMA. The Peninsula Congestion Relief Alliance (Alliance) or a similar organization approved by the Chief Planner that provides ongoing support for alternative commute programs. Additional Measures The Chief Planner and the Planning Commission shall determine the appropriateness of each Additional Measure chosen by the applicant. A Alternative Commute Subsidies/Parking Cash Out. Employees shall be provided with a subsidy, determined by the applicant and subject to review by the Chief Planner if they use transit or commute by other alternative modes. B. Bicycle Connections. If a site is abutting a bicycle path, lane or route, a bicycle connection shall be provided close to an entrance to the building on the site. C. Compressed Work Week. The applicant shall allow employees or require their tenants to allow employees to adjust their workweek schedule in order to complete the basic work requirement of five eight-hour workdays by adjusting their schedule to reduce vehicle trips to the worksite. D. Flextime. The applicant shall provide or require their tenants to provide employees with staggered work hours involving a shift in the set work hours of all employees at the workplace or flexible work hours involving individually determined work hours. E. Land Dedication for Transit/Bus Shelter. Where appropriate, land shall be dedicated for transit or a bus shelter shall be provided based on the proximity to a transit route. F. Onsite Amenities. One or more of the following amenities shall be implemented: ATM, day care, cafeteria, limited food service establishment, dry cleaners, exercise facilities, convenience retail, post office, on-site transit pass sales. G. Paid Parking at Prevalent Market Rates. Parking shall be provided at a cost equal to the prevalent market rate, as determined by the City based on a surveyor parking in North San Mateo County. H. Telecommuting. The applicant shall provide or require tenants to provide opportunities and the ability to work off-site. 29 I. Reduced Parking. In accordance with General Plan Policy 4.3-1-8, reduced parking, consistent with projected trip reduction identified in the preliminary TOM plan, may be permitted subject to approval by the Planning Commission. J. Other Measures. Additional measures not listed in this Chapter, such as an in-lieu fee that would be negotiated in a Development Agreement with the City, may be implemented as determined by the Chief Planner and approved by the Planning Commission. Once the Planning Commission approves the Preliminary TOM Plan, the Chief Planner may recommend additional measures either as part of the Final TOM Plan or as part of the Triennial Review process. 30 APPENDIX D: CITY/COUNTY ASSOCIATION OF GOVERNMENTS OF SAN MATEO COUNTY TRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT MEASURES 31 The City/County Association of Governments of San Mateo County list of approved TOM measures, the number of mitigated peak-hour trips associated with each, and the rationale used to determine the number of mitigated trips, presented in Table C, were taken from the Revised Guidelines for the Implementation of the Land Use Component of the Congestion Management Program (City/County Association of Governments in San Mateo County, 2004). TABLE Dl CITY/COUNTY ASSOCIATION OF GOVERNMENTS OF SAN MATEO COUNTY TRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT MEASURES Transportation Demand Management Measure Number of Trips Credited Rationale Secure bicycle storage. One peak-hour trip vvill be credited for every 3 Experience has shown that new bike lockers/racks installed and bicycle commuters will, on maintained. Lockers/racks must be installed average, use this mode one-third within 100 feet of the building. of the time, especially during warmer summer months. Shovvers and changing rooms. Ten peak-hour trips vvill be credited for each 10 to 1 ratio based on cost to new combination shower and changing room build and the likelihood that installed. An additional 5 peak hour trips will bicycle utilization vvill increase. be credited \^/hen installed in combination with at least 5 bike lockers. Operation of a dedicated shuttle service One peak-hour trip will be credited for each Yields a one-to-one ratio (one during the peak period to a rail station or peak-hour trip seat on the shuttle. Increases seat in a shuttle equals one auto an urban residential area. Alternatively to two trips if a Guaranteed Ride Home trip reduced); utilization the development could buy into a shuttle Program is also in place. increases when a guaranteed consortium. ride home program is also made Five additional trips \!viII be cred ited if the available. shuttle stops at a childcare facility en route to/from the VvOrksite. Charging employees for parking. TVvO peak-hour trips will be credited for each Yields a two-to-one ratio. parking spot charged out at $20 per month for one year. Money shall be used for TOM measu res such as sh uttles or subsidized transit tickets. Subsidizing transit tickets for employees. One peak-hour trip will be credited for each Yields a one-to-one ratio (one transit pass that is subsidized at least $20 per transit pass equals one auto trip month for one year. reduced). One additional trip will be credited if the subsidy is increased to $75 for parents using transit to take a child to childcare en route. Subsidizing pedestrians/bicyclists who One peak hour trip \!viII be credited for each Yields a two-to-one ratio (One commute to work. employee that is subsidized at least $20 per pedestrian/bicycle equals one month for one year. auto trip reduced.) Creation of preferential parking for TVvO peak-hour trips will be credited for each Yields a two-to-one ratio (one carpoolers. parking spot reserved. reserved parking spot equals a minimum of two auto trips reduced). Source: City/County Association of Governments of San Mateo County, 2004 32 TABLE Dl (CONTINUED) CITY/COUNTY ASSOCIATION OF GOVERNMENTS OF SAN MATEO COUNTY TRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT MEASURES Transportation Demand Management Measure Number of Trips Credited Rationale Creation of preferential parking for Seven peak-hour trips will be cred ited for Yields a seven-to-one ratio vanpoolers. each parking spot reserved. (one reserved parking spot equals a minimum of seven auto trips reduced). Implementation of a vanpool program. Seven peak-hour trips will be cred ited for The average van capacity is each van pool arranged by a specific program seven. operated at the site of the development. I ncreases to ten trips if a Guaranteed Ride Home Program is also in place. Operation of a commute assistance center, One peak-hour trip will be credited for each This is based on staff's best offering on-site, one stop shopping for feature added to the information center; and estimate. Short of there being transit and commute alternatives an additional one peak-hour trip will be major disincentives to driving, information, preferably staffed with a live credited for each hour the center is staffed having an on-site TOM person to assist building tenants with trip with a live person, up to 20 trips per each 200 Program offering commute planning. tenants. Possible features may include: assistance is fundamental to Transit information brochure rack an effective TOM Program. Computer kiosk connected to the Internet Telephone (Vlith commute and transit information numbers) Desk and chairs (for personalized trip planning) On-site transit ticket sales Implementation of flexible work hour schedules that allow transit riders to be 15-30 minutes late or early (due to problems with transit or vanpool. Survey employees to examine use and Three peak hour trips will be credited for a This is based on staff's best best practices. survey developed to be administered tvvice esti mate with the goal of yearly. finding best practices to achieve the mode shift goal. Implementation of a parking cash out One peak-hour trip will be credited for each Yields a one-to-one ratio (one program. parking spot where the employee is offered a cashed out parking spot cash payment in return for not using parking equals one auto trip reduced). at the employment site. Implementation of ramp metering. Three hundred peak-hour trips will be credited This is a very difficult and if the local jurisdiction, in cooperation with costly measure to implement Caltrans, installs and turns on ramp metering and the reward must be lights during the peak hours at the highway significant. entrance ramp closest to the development. Source: City/County Association of Governments of San Mateo County, 2004 33 TABLE Dl (CONTINUED) CITY/COUNTY ASSOCIATION OF GOVERNMENTS OF SAN MATEO COUNTY TRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT MEASURES Transportation Demand Management Measure Number of Trips Credited Rationale Installation of high bandvvidth connections One peak-hour trip will be credited for every Yields a one-to-three ratio. in employees' homes to the I nternet to three connections installed. This measure is facilitate home telecommuting. not available as credit for a residential development. Installation of video conferencing centers Five peak-hour trips will be credited for a This is based on staff's best that are available for use by the tenants of center installed at the facility. esti mate. the facility. I mplementation of a compressed workweek One peak-hour trip vvill be credited for every 5 The workvveek \Mil be program. employees that are offered the opportunity to compressed into 4 days; work four compressed days per week. therefore the individual vvill not be commuting on the 5th day. Flextime: Implementation of an alternative One peak hour trip vvill be credited for each This is based on staff's best hours VvOrkvveek program. employee that is offered the opportunity to esti mate. work staggered work hours. Those hours can be a set shift, set by the employer, or can be individually determined by the employee. Provision of assistance to employees so If an employer develops and offers a program This assumes that a five-mile they can live close to work. to help employees find acceptable residences trip will generally not involve within five miles of the employment site, a travel on the freeways. credit of one trip will be given for each slot in the program. I mplementation of a program that gives One peak-hour trip will be credited for each This assumes that a five-mile preference to hiring local residents at the employment opportunity reserved for trip will generally not involve new development site. employees recruited and hired from vvithin five travel on the freeways. miles of the employment site. Provision of on-site amenities! One peak-hour trip will be credited for each This is based on staff's best accommodations that encourage people to feature added to the job site. Possible esti mate. stay on-site during the VvOrkday, making it features may include: easier for workers to leave their banking automobiles at home. grocery shopping clothes cleaning exercise facilities child care center Provide use of motor vehicles to Five peak hour trips will be credited for each This is based on staff's best employees who use alternate commute vehicle provided. esti mate. methods so they can have access to vehicles during breaks for personal use. Source: City/County Association of Governments of San Mateo County, 2004 34 TABLE Dl (CONTINUED) CITY/COUNTY ASSOCIATION OF GOVERNMENTS OF SAN MATEO COUNTY TRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT MEASURES Transportation Demand Management Measure Number of Trips Credited Rationale Provide use of bicycles to employees \^/ho One peak hour trip will be credited for every This is based on staff's best use alternative commute methods so they four bicycles provided. esti mate. can have access to bicycles during breaks for personal use. Provision of childcare services as a part of One trip will be credited for every two This is based on staff's best the development. childcare slots at the job site. This amount esti mate. increases from one trip for each slot if the childcare service accepts multiple age groups (infants = 0-2 yrs, preschool = 3&4 yrs, school age = 5 to 13 yrs). Developer/Property owner may join an One trip will be credited for each new This is based on staff's best employer group to expand available childcare center slot created either directly esti mate. childcare within 5 miles of the job site or by an employer group, by the may provide this service independently. developer/property owner, or by an outside provider if an agreement has been developed Vlith the developer/property owner that makes the child care accessible to the VvOrkers at the development. Join the Alliance's guaranteed ride home TIM) peak hour trips will be credited for Experience has shown that program. every 2 slots purchased in the program. when a guaranteed Ride Home Program is added to an overall TDM Program, the average ridership increases by about 50%. Combine any ten of these elements and Five peak-hour trips will be credited. Experience has shown that receive an additional credit for five peak offering multiple and hour trips. complementary TDM components can magnify the impact of the overall program. Work with the alliance to Ten peak-hour trips will be credited. This is based on staff's best develop/implement a Transportation Action esti mate. Plan. The developer can provide a cash legacy Peak-hour trip reduction credits will accrue Credits accrue depending on after the development is complete and as if the items were being directly what the funds are used for. designate an entity to implement any (or implemented by the developer. more than one) of the previous measures before day one of occupancy. Source: City/County Association of Governments of San Mateo County, 2004 35 TABLE Dl (CONTINUED) CITY/COUNTY ASSOCIATION OF GOVERNMENTS OF SAN MATEO COUNTY TRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT MEASURES Transportation Demand Management Measure Number of Trips Credited Rationale Encourage infill development. TIM) percent of all peak-hour trips will be Generally acceptable TOM credited for each infill development. practices (based on research of TOM practices around the nation and reported on the Internet). Encourage shared parking. Five peak-hour trips will be credited for an Generally acceptable TOM agreement vvith an existing development to practices (based on research of share existing parking. TOM practices around the nation and reported on the Internet). Participate in/create/sponsor a Five peak-hour trips will be credited. Generally acceptable TOM Transportation Management Association. practices (based on research of TOM practices around the nation and reported on the Internet). Coordinate Transportation Demand Five peak-hour trips will be credited. This is based on staffs best Management programs vvith existing esti mate. developments/employers. For employers with multiple job sites, One peak-hour trip vvill be credited for each Yields a one-to-one ratio. institute a proximate commuting program opportunity created. that alloVv'S employees at one location to transfer/trade vvith employees in another location that is closer to home. Pay for parking at park and ride lots or One peak-hour trip vvill be credited for each Yields a one-to-one ratio. transit stations. spot purchased. Source: City/County Association of Governments of San Mateo County, 2004 36 ApPENDIX F WET UTILITY STUDY Subject: Project: Technical Memorandum Centrum Logistics Project Wet Utility Capacity Study Centrum Logistics, SSF Prepared By: Beth Goldstein, P.E Reviewed By: Brent Johnson, P.E. Date: May 1 , 2009 090001 Reference: CONTENTS 1 2 2.1 2.2 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 4 TABLES FIGURES Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 FI NAL INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................... 2 SITE UTI LITES............................................................................................................. 4 Sewers........................................................................................................................ ...4 ~~.............................................................................................................................8 OFFSITE UTI LITES...................................................................................................... 9 ~_~..........................................................................................................................9 Wastewater Treatment................................................................................................ 1 0 Stormdrains................................................................................................................. 11 Water Mains.................................................................................................................11 CONCLUSiONS.......................................................................................................... 13 Reasonable Occupancy Scenario Estimated Sewage Generation Estimated Water Demands Summary of Peak Wastewater Flows Offsite Project Site Location Project Site Utilities Plan Offsite Sewers Offsite Stormdrains Appendix A: Seventh Avenue Trunk Sewer Replacement Project, City of San Bruno, 2002 HYDROCONSULT ENGINEERS, INC. . 45 POLK STREET. SAN FRANCISCO. CA . 94102 . (P) 415.252.9750 . (F) 415.252.9261 TM: Centrum Logistics - Utilities Capacity Study 5/1/2009 1 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this technical memorandum (TM) is to provide an assessment of the capacity of the water and sewage utilities on the Project site and for the water, sewage, and stormdrain utilities serving the Project from offsite. The onsite stormdrain utilities were considered in a previous Hydroconsult TM, Centrum SSF Logistics Project, Hydrologic Study, revised April 10, 2009. The Project site is located at 1070 and 1080 San Mateo Boulevard in South San Francisco, approximately 450 feet north of Interstate 380 and approximately 650 feet west of Interstate 101. The Project site is comprised of 19.79 acres at 1070 San Mateo Boulevard and 5.23 acres at 1080 San Mateo Boulevard. The Project site location is shown in Figure 1. HCE: CapacityTMJINAL_050109.docx Page 2 TM: Centrum Logistics - Utilities Capacity Study 5/1/2009 2 SITE UTI UTES The Project will continue to use the existing sewers and water mains onsite, with minor additions and modifications as shown in Figure 2 and described in the following sections. 2.1 Sewers Currently, the site is served by an 8" sewer which is partially PVC and partially clay. The PVC sections runs south to north at a slope of 0.5% and serves the southern portion of the existing building. The clay portion runs west to east at a slope of 0.5% in a 20' sanitary sewer easement which enters the site from San Mateo Avenue, crosses the site, and discharges into a 24" diameter sewer at the manhole behind 310 Shaw Road (verified during HCE site visit on April 17, 2009). The existing 8" sewer will serve buildings 1-5. Building 6 will be served by a new 6" sanitary sewer discharging to the existing sewer on the eastern side of San Mateo Avenue. No information regarding the upstream, offsite flows into the 8" pipe crossing the site was available, however it is speculated that it serves the buildings on either side of the easement (1180 and 1160 San Mateo Avenue). A visual inspection of the flows in the sewer performed on April 7, 2009 (Steve Snyder, Ware Malcomb) revealed minimal flow, which supports the theory that the existing flow is from only these two properties. According to a video inspection performed by Pacific Liners on March 3, 2009, the PVC portion of the sewer onsite is in excellent condition, while the clay portion of the sewer onsite is in need of lining or replacement. Projected sanitary sewer flows from each building, based on the Reasonable Occupancy Scenario, are presented in Tables 1 and 2. The flow and peaking factors used to calculate the projected sanitary sewer flows are based on the following sources: . Metcalf and Eddy, "Wastewater Engineering", 4th Edition, 2003, Table 3-2, . California Plumbing Code, 2007, Table K-3, . U.S. Government, Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, Commercial Buildings Consumption Survey, 1995, and . Lindeberg, Michael R., "Civil Engineering Reference Manual", 6th Edition, 1989, pages 8-9. HCE: CapacityTMJINAL_050109.docx Page 4 >- '" " 0 ~ 0 -0 ~ N " '" <II ~ ~ '" " >- ~ V> 0 ~ en V> 'il V> 'in '" m '" V> U Cl. " ~ ';; m 'in 0 ~ u " ~ '" m cc e.. Vl w ;!! '';:; '" ::> u '" I " u ,!!! '" m " e.. u Vl '';:; '" m > V> 'i:j, " ..!!! .9 0 '" U Vl E ~ ~ b1) ~ c " w :.;< -0 U " V> " '" :Ii: ';: ~ '" u 0 " '" ';; I- '" u ~ -0 E " '" " ..<:: ,!!! Vl '" V> " -0 b.Q== '" '" "..0 > :!:: ,- '" " E ~ ~ '" V> 0 u.J u.J U ::J ~ ..<:: b1) ::J M-o " .!: c 0 "'iij '" '"" V> '" " '" b1)..o 0 '" ';: ~ ~ ..<:: 0 V> 3: ~ i5 Vl >- V> ~ '" -0 u " '2: " ~ '" Vl '" 0 '" ';: ~ ~ .;: '" ~ V> " III " ii,-o l: '" C1l (9 :..::i.f: CJ en >- " CJ 0 l: '"" III '" Co ~ '" :l -0 e.. 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Vl ~ V> -0 '" - >- 0 '"" '" '" '" ~ ~ ~ ~ " :0 :!:: Vl e.. ..<:: -0 Vl " b1) " ..0 '" E '" 0 -0 ::J " b..O .C ~ u 'in 0 ~ V> ::J 0 '" " V> u.J " V> u.. '" --' i5 b1)-O ,!!! ~ ~ '" " " " 0 '" V> '" ,- '" '" ~ " 0 ~ '" > e.. '" ,_ u " -0 (9 ..<:: ~ " 0 3: 0 ,!!! u " '" -0 " V> " '" V> '" > '" b1) " " " 0 'in '"" U " '" cc u.J co en en <-< ~ >: Q) 2: M :J ,.<CO ~ 5 ...c ".j:j "" "- , E " :J o V> o " N 0 ,U Q) -g ~ u .!: 00:0:' .!: .s -"OJ E :J 0- <U "E ~ S. 'iI< U"l V> " a. en <U ob .~ Q) Q) 00 E ~ E en' o u~ l3 co".-l o ' ~"'"-i=i 5 ('Y) ~ ".j:j ~ti:.o ...c .c L.U ~ "E -5 , -a <D t9c:{_ o " <U N 0 :J co".~ ~ ,Q E 2' ~ ~ :OJ2~ w " " -" - Q) :;f 6D W ~~ -... Q) Q) -tl.O C 0:::: "w 00 ";:: ... c Q) 60'<:: Q) ~ Q) .!: Q) Q) 00" " C L.U "M w ~ " ~ 0 w Q) ~ ~ ~ "> " E 9 Q) ~ ~ ~ ' VI ro 0:::: <U "-_ __5 Q) Q) o <U > -1-''''-5 ""'0 c "- -a Q) 2' w E -a " " ~ <u Q) ~ ~ i'l OJ ~ Q) 2' ~ Q) -" Q) -a " 0:.:J :::0" ...-iNM in Q) u 5 o co e- m 0; m CL x u o u '" o o en o I ~ <( z CL I :;; l- i:' u ro 0- m o Iii o I 2.2 Water TM: Centrum Logistics - Utilities Capacity Study 5/1/2009 Currently the site is being served by two different water supply agencies. The California Water Service Agency South San Francisco Division (CWS-SSF) supplies the existing 1080 San Mateo Avenue connections and the City of San Bruno (San Bruno) supplies the existing 1070 San Mateo Avenue connections. The existing 1080 San Mateo Avenue water supply consists of a 1 Y:! inch meter serving both domestic and irrigation. The existing 1070 San Mateo Avenue water supply consists of an 8 inch meter serving fire, domestic, and irrigation. In the future, the existing 1 Y:! inch CWS-SSF meter will supply the drip irrigation for the Project, and the 8 inch San Bruno meter will supply the domestic and fire service for the Project. The drip irrigation demand is estimated at roughly 2,800 gpd during the peak month (July). The domestic water demand, based on the Reasonable Occupancy Scenario, is presented in Table 3. Table 3. Estimated Domestic Water Demand Food Preparation General Light Industrial Laundry Services Wholesaling, Storage and Distribution: Light Eating and Drinking Establishments: Convenience and Limited Service Convenience Sales Space Business and Professional Services TOTAL average gpd 4,794 8,893 76,100 3,382 S7 12 244 93,481 HCE: CapacityTMJINAL_050109.docx Page 8 TM: Centrum Logistics - Utilities Capacity Study 5/1/2009 3 OFFSITE UTIUTES The Project would be served by a variety of wet utilities owned and operated by South San Francisco, San Bruno, and the California Water Service (CWS). These are described in the following sections. 3.1 Sewers A summary of the change in peak wastewater flows from the Project is presented in Table 4. Figure 3 presents the offsite sewers in the vicinity of the project. The information presented in Figure 3 was gathered from several sources including an AutoCAD file provided by SSF on February 12, 2009, San Bruno sewer maps plate B8, 2003, 7th Avenue Trunk Sewer Replacement Project design plans, 2002, (attached as Appendix A and described in more detail below), and several site visits and television inspections conducted variously by HCE, Ware Malcomb, and Pacific Liners. Table 4. Summary at Peak Wastewater Flows Offsite (cts) Pre-Project' Post-Project Change To San Mateo Avenue (8") negligible 0.001 +0.001 To Shaw Road (24") 0.080 0.413 +0.333 TOTAL 0.080 0.414 +0.335' Notes: 1. Assumes full occupancy of existing building at 1070 San Mateo Avenue. 2. Differences in totals due to rounding. Wastewater flows from Building 6 will be conveyed in a new 6" sewer, discharging to the existing 8" diameter sewer flowing northward in the easement just east of San Mateo Avenue. The existing 8" diameter sewer was not inspected as it is approximately ten years old and assumed to be in good condition. Building 6 is projected to increase the peak daily sewage flows in the existing 8" San Mateo Avenue sewer by 0.001 cfs, a negligible increase. Wastewater flows from Buildings 1-5 will discharge to the existing 8" sewer flowing west to east across the site, which discharges into the 24" diameter sewer in the manhole behind 310 Shaw Road. Flows to the 24" diameter sewer are projected to increase from 0.080 cfs to 0.413 cfs. The 24" diameter sewer flows generally northward in a 20 foot easement beneath the Rail Spur parcel, passing between 228 and 220 Shaw Road. North of Shaw Road, the sewer combines with two major trunk sewers (the 27" Tanforan sewer from SSF, and the 36" 7th Avenue sewer from San Bruno) which discharge to the Shaw Road pump station (aka Pump Station #11). The Shaw Road pump station pumps to the South San Francisco/San Bruno Water Quality Control Plant (WQCP) located on Belle Air Road, east of South Airport Boulevard, via approximately 2,800 feet of 33" force main. The Shaw Road pump station has recently been relocated slightly to the north and upgraded in capacity to approximately 24 mgd (recommended improvements from Carollo, 1999, confirmed in conversation with Kelvin Munar, City of SSF, 2/19/09). HCE: CapacityTMJINAL_050109.docx Page 9 TM: Centrum Logistics - Utilities Capacity Study 5/1/2009 The primary purpose of the 24" diameter sewer had been to transport flows from the City of San Bruno to the Shaw Road pump station. Approximately five years ago, the City of San Bruno constructed a replacement 36" diameter sanitary sewer underneath 7th Avenue and Shaw Road that discharges to the Shaw Road pump station. As part of this 7th Avenue sewer project, the 24" diameter sewer was abandoned in place between Angus Avenue East and 370 Shaw Road. The existing 24" sewer was plugged just downstream of 370 Shaw Road. As a result, all wastewater flows upstream of 370 Shaw Road now flow in the new 36" diameter pipe. Pertinent civil engineering plans from the 7th Avenue Sewer project are presented in Appendix A. Downstream of 370 Shaw Road, approximately 10 connections to the 24" diameter sewer remain, including the existing sewer line(s) serving the GSA Warehouse. The properties presumed to still be connected to the 24" sewer are highlighted in Figure 3. The non-Project area still contributing to the 24" diameter sewer is roughly 850,000 square feet. Assuming 75% building coverage by area (25% parking), there is approximately 640,000 gross square feet (gsf) of non-Project commercial/industrial buildings contributing flows to the 24" sewer. Using the City's very conservative estimate of 400 gallons per day (gpd) per thousand gsf and a peaking factor of 3, these remaining non-Project connections are contributing an estimated peak flow of 1.2 cfs to the 24" diameter sewer. Adding the existing peak flows from the Project totals approximately 1.28 cfs peak flow to the 24" pipe currently. Adding the projected peak flow from the Project totals approximately 1.61 cfs peak flow to the 24" pipe in the future. These current and projected flows of 1.28 and 1.61 cfs represent approximately 10 and 12%, respectively, of the 24" pipe's capacity of 13.3 cfs. By request of South San Francisco staff, the condition of the 24" diameter sewer from the point of the Project's connection downstream to Shaw Road is currently being investigated. A video inspection was attempted on April 29th, 2009, by Pacific Liners, but was unsuccessful due to the presence of 8-10 inches of debris in the pipe. The pipe, as observed at the manhole behind 310 Shaw Road, was flowing approximately two thirds full. The flow was observed to be somewhat impeded but not entirely blocked (observed during HCE site visits on April 24 and 29, 2009). Given the limited inflow to the sewer at this manhole, flow conditions observed are most likely due to the existence of debris and/or settlement of the pipe. Given the excess capacity of the line, any improvements (such as relining or installing a carrier pipe) should consider reducing the final inside diameter of the existing 24" pipe to improve flow velocities and to enhance self cleaning of the line. 3.2 Wastewater Treatment The Water Quality Control Plant (WQCP) treats flows from South San Francisco, San Bruno, and parts of Daly City and Colma. The facility also provides dechlorination and discharges treated effluent from Burlingame, Millbrae, and SFO. The average dry weather flow to the WQCP in 2008 was 9.2 mgd, the average for the last five years has been approximately 9.5 mgd. Average peak wet weather flows are 30 mgd. The WQCP has recently been upgraded from 9 to 13 mgd in dry weather and from 35 to 62 mgd in wet weather. South San Francisco has an allocation of treatment capacity of 8.74 mgd, and is currently generating 5.6 mgd, leaving an unused allocation of 3.14 mgd available for growth. Therefore, there is sufficient capacity in treatment plant for the additional flows from the Project (email from Cassie Prudhel, 4/22/09). HCE: CapacityTMJINAL_050109.docx Page 10 TM: Centrum Logistics - Utilities Capacity Study 5/1/2009 3.3 Slormdrains The offsite stormdrains serving the Project are shown on Figure 4. The storm drainage to the west is pumped offsite to San Mateo Avenue. The pump size is not increasing. Peak flows in excess of the pump station will be stored onsite. Peak storm flows from the site to the east are decreasing because the contributing area is both decreasing in size, and becoming less paved. There is no increase in peak runoff predicted from the site, therefore, no improved or additional offsite stormdrain facilities are required. For more detail regarding existing and future stormdrain facilities see the Hydroconsult TM, Centrum SSF Logistics Project, Hydrologic Study, revised April 10, 2009. 3.4 Water Mains The Project will be served by two water supply agencies, California Water Service South San Francisco Division (CWS-SSF) and the City of San Bruno (San Bruno). Both agencies are wholesale customers of the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission (SFPUC). The SFPUC currently delivers an annual average of about 265 million gallons per day (mgd) of water to its customers. The SFPUC serves about one-third of its water supplies directly to retail customers, primarily in San Francisco, and about two-thirds of its water supplies to wholesale customers by contractual agreement. Some wholesale customers have other sources of water in addition to what they receive from the SFPUC regional system, while others rely completely on the SFPUC for supply. The CWS-SSF currently receives 7.56 mgd from the SFPUC and has access to 1.4 mgd of pumped groundwater as backup. In the year 2030, CWS-SSF projects the SFPUC supply to increase to 7.97 mgd, augmented by 1.37 mgd groundwater and 0.56 mgd in conservation savings (SFPUC, 2008) San Bruno currently receives 2.7 mgd from the SFPUC and augments this supply with 1.83 mgd of pumped groundwater. In the year 2030, this is projected to increase to 4.3 mgd from the PUC, augmented by 0.19 mgd in conservation savings and no groundwater pumping (SFPUC, 2008). The CWS system currently serves 1080 San Mateo Avenue, and will continue to serve the drip irrigation demand for the Project. This represents an increase of approximately 2,800 gallons per day during the peak month or roughly 0.4 million gallons/year. The San Bruno system currently serves 1070 San Mateo Avenue and will continue to serve the domestic and fire demands for the project. This represents an increase in approximately 40,000 gallons per day or roughly 15 million gallons per year. All of the existing connections will remain at the same size and therefore will not require an upgrade to any offsite water mains. The ability of the CWS and San Bruno to provide the additional water supply will be addressed in an addendum to this TM. HCE: CapacityTMJINAL_050109.docx Page 11 TM: Centrum Logistics - Utilities Capacity Study 5/1/2009 4 CONCLUSIONS The Project will reuse most of the onsite sewers, stormdrains, and water lines. A portion of clay sewer pipe on-site will be upgraded as part of the project. The wastewater treatment plant (including influent and effluent pump stations, outfall, etc.) has adequate capacity to handle the increase in wastewater. The Project will not require any new or upgraded offsite stormdrains. The stormdrains to which any flows are increasing have adequate capacity to accommodate the increase. The sizes of the water meters will not change and therefore should not require new water mains. The availability of increased water supply will be addressed in a forthcoming addendum to this TM. There is capacity in the offsite sewers to accommodate the increase in flows from the Project. However, the 24" sewer to which Buildings 1-5 will discharge is oversized, and partially impeded by debris. In consultation with the City of South San Francisco and the City of San Bruno, plans for improving this sewer will be developed and could include cleaning, repair, and/or replacement of all or sections of the pipe. Repair and replacement would best be accomplished by sliplining or a similar method which could be accomplished within the existing easement and would minimize open cut construction techniques. HCE: CapacityTMJINAL_050109.docx Page 13 TM: Centrum Logistics - Utilities Capacity Study 5/1/2009 REFERENCES Bauman, Duane D., John J. Boland and W. Michael Haneman. Urban Water Demand Management and Planning. McGraw-Hili, 1998. Billings, R. Bruce and Clive V. Jones. Forecasting Urban Water Demand. Second Edition. American Water Works Association. 2008. Bissel & Karn. (July 1991). Storm Drain Master Plan Study for the City of San Bruno. BKF Engineers, Inc. (April 2000). Update of City of San Bruno Storm Drainage Master Plan Analyses for the City of San Bruno. Brown and Caldwell. Map of the City of San Bruno Storm System # B8, May 23, 2003. Carollo Engineers, Inc. (1999) City of South San Francisco Infiltration and Inflow Study City and County of San Francisco, San Francisco Planning Department. (2008) Program Environmental Impact Report for the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission. City of South San Francisco, California, Water Quality Control Plant. < http://www.ci.ssf.ca.us/news/di splay news. asp?News I 0=305 > Lindeberg, Michael R. Civil Engineering Reference Manual, 6th Edition. (1989) John Olaf Nelson. Water Resources Management, Aquacraft, Inc., Planning and Management Consultants, Ltd. (2000). Commercial and Institutional End Uses of Water. American Water Works Association Research Foundation and the American Water Works Association. Oakland Museum of California. Creek and Watershed Map of/he San Francisco Peninsula. Version 1.0. 2007. State of California, Regional Water Quality Control Board, San Francisco Bay Region. 1997 "Cease and Desist Order issued to Cities of South San Francisco and San Bruno, North Bayside System Unit, San Mateo County". State of California2007 California Plumbing Code Metcalf & Eddy, Inc.,. Wastewater Engineering, Treatment, Disposal and Reuse. 3" Edition, revised by George Tchobanoglous and Frank Burton. McGraw-HilI. 1991. Wilsy, Ham & Blair. (August 1965). San Bruno Creek Flood Control Zone. San Mateo County Flood Control District. County of San Mateo California. Wilsey & Ham. (August 1992). Storm Drainage Study, City of Burlingame. HCE: CapacityTMJINAL_050109.docx Page 14 APPENDIX A DESIGN DRAWINGS th Avenue Trunk Sewer Replacement Project, City of San Bruno, 2002 Sheets C-1 and C-6