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HomeMy WebLinkAbout4.J._Noise IV. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS J. NOISE INTRODUCTION This section of the Draft EIR describes noise in the project area. Where appropriate, this section provides project level analysis for the Phase 1 Precise Plan, and program level analysis for the remainder of development proposed by the GateNya-,T Business Park Master Plan. A regulatory frameNyork is also provided in this section describing applicable agencies and regulations related to noise. Preparation of this section used data from various sources. These sources include the City of South San Francisco General Plan Noise Element, the South San Francisco Municipal Code, the East of 101 Area Plan, San Mateo County Comprehensive Airport Land Use Plan, and by measuring and modeling existing and future noise levels at the project site and the surrounding land uses. Traffic information contained in the traffic study prepared for the proposed project Nyas used to prepare the noise modeling for vehicular sources. No comment letters related to noise Nyere received in response to the June 16, 2008 Notice of Preparation (NOP) or the October 22, 2008 Notice of Preparation (NOP) circulated for the project. The NOP and comment letters are included in Appendix A of this Draft EIR. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Fundamental Concepts of Environmental Noise Noise can be defined as unNyanted sound. It is commonly measured Nvith an instrument called a sound level meter Nyhich senses sound Nvith a microphone and converts it into a number called a sound level. Sound levels are expressed in units of decibels (dB). To correlate the microphone signal to a level that corresponds to the N-,-a-,- humans perceive noise, the A- NyBighting filter is used. A-Nyeighting de-emphasizes logy-frequency and very high-frequency sound in a manner similar to human hearing. The use of A-Nveighting is required by most local agencies as Nyell as other Federal and State noise regulations (e.g. Caltrans, EPA, OSHA and HUD). The abbreviation dBA is often used N-,-hen the A-Nyeighted sound level is reported. Because of the time-varying nature of environmental sound, there are many descriptors that are used to quantiA- the sound level. Although one individual descriptor alone does not fulIv describe a particular noise environment, taken together, they can more accurately represent the noise environment. There are four descriptors that are commonly used in environmental studies;the Lm, Leq, L,)o and La„(or CNEL). The maximum instantaneous noise level (L,,,,,) is often used to identIA- the loudness of a single event such as a car pass-by or airplane flyover. To express the average noise level, the Leq (equivalent noise level) is used. The Leq can be measured over any length of time but is typically reported for periods of 15 Gateway Business Park Alaster Plan IT:J. Voise. Draft Erzvironnrerz tal Impact Report Page If:J-I 00)of South Sari Francisco October 2009 minutes to one hour. The background noise level (or residual noise level) is the sound level during the quietest moments. It is usually generated by steady sources such as distant freeway traffic. It can be quantified Nvith a descriptor called the L,,o which is the sound level exceeded 90 percent of the time. To quantiA- the noise level over a 24-hour period, the Day/Night Average Sound Level (La„ or DNL) or Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL) is used. These descriptors are averages like the Leq except they include, by definition, a ten dBA "penalty"for noises that occur during nighttime hours (10 p.m. to 7 a.m.) to account for people's sensitivity to intrusive noise during these hours. The CNEL also includes a five dBA "penalty" during evening hours (7 p.m. to 10 p.m. to account for peoples' increased sensitivity during these hours.' In general, human sound perception is such that a change in sound level of 3 dB is just noticeable, a change of 5 dB is clearly noticeable and a change of 10 dB is perceived as a doubling (or halving) of loudness. Existing Noise Environment The major noise sources affecting the site are vehicular traffic on Oyster Point Boulevard, vehicular traffic on Gateway- Boulevard, and aircraft overflights from San Francisco International Airport (SFO). Highway- 101 and the railroad tracks that support Caltrain and freight train operations are also located to the Nvest. The project site is currently occupied by six single story commercial buildings, including a Fed- Ex Building and a child care facility for Genentech. Noise measurements Nvere conducted on the project site to quantiA-the existing noise environment. These included two 24-hour noise measurements (Location A and B) and four short-term 15—minute noise measurements (Locations 1 through 4). The noise measurement locations are shoN-,n in Figure IV.J-1. The short-term measurement results Nvere correlated Nvith simultaneous measurements at the long-term monitoring locations to determine the CNEL at the short-term measurement locations. Table IV.J-1 shows the results of the short-term measurements. Figure IV.J-2 shows the hourly plot of the measured noise levels at long-term measurement Location A and Location B. 'American Vatiorial Standards Institute,Al SI S1.1-1994,Acoustical Terniriology, 1994. 'C.'oweliHarzdbookofErzvironnierztalAcoustics, 1994. Gateway Business Park Alaster Plan IT:J. Voise. Draft Eizvironnieiz tal Impact Report Page If:J--2 I Q3 a..... C5 ll,�,� EE / in 2 F !,i." i .... 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Yf��/�;, % �/�. il�!/f,,:;,, � G�% � ' /% r / i i! ��// „%/�/,/�i �`'' � %���r�y,:: ��i ros': �!r ,N„F r rW” 1�/�Y%ir✓�, ,�,, N � �.., ';;of," V ir,G / ,!� a� to 0 ui O O Long-term Noise Measurement Results at Location A CNEL =76 dBA 90 80 Lr m v d d J d fq O Z 60 d a� L d > Q 50 40 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 W��2�N O Q.cD m V u)CO r-OO 0)O N! �`2 !!f2 L2�:W���N O N M N O N M V LO CO r-OO m O W (�)V � 6/25/08 6/26/08 Time 6/27/08 Long-term Noise Measurement Results at Location B CNEL =64 dBA 90 • Q m v • a>i 80 . . J • M • • 0 • • • •• Z • • • x 70 E 7 E .T � 60 LLLJ v c R J d 50 a� co d —Leq > • Aircraft Lmax Q 40 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 .. . .. . l(7(O 0� m V (7(O I—a000 � �N m V l7(O I�a000 N N C14 C14 7 N V f :� 0�N m �Nm V l(7 6/25/08 6/26/08 Time 6/27/08 Source: Rosen Goldberg Der& Lewitz, Inc. CHRISTOPHER A. JOSEPH & ASSOCIATES Figure IV.J-2 E:nviiroirnrneirntal IP=Iainirdng c;ind IRc;sea rc:lh Long-Term Noise Measurement ('to)of South Sari Fralzcisco October 2009 Each measurement location represents an area of the site that may be impacted adversely by noise. Long- term measurement Location A Nvas used to determine the daily variation in traffic noise on both Ouster Point Boulevard and Gateway Boulevard. Long-term measurement Location B Nvas shielded from traffic noise so that it Nvould be possible to isolate noise from aircraft overflights. Short-term measurement Locations 1 through 3 represent the noise exposure at the likely project building facades. Location 4 represents the noise environment at the proposed courtyard,near the center of the site. Table IV.J-1 Short-Term Noise Measurement Results Location Height Above Time A-weighted Sound Level,dBA Ground(feet) LQ Lio Lso L90 CNEL Ovster Point Boulevard 5 68 70 66 62 72 1 (65 feet to centerline of 11:15-30 a.m. roadway) 24 68 71 67 64 72 Gateway Boulevard 5 61 64 60 56 65 2 (North side of site 100 12:00-15 p.m. feet to centerline of roadway) 24 64 66 63 61 68 Gateway Boulevard 5 58 61 57 54 62 3 (South side of site 100 12:30-45 p.m. feet to centerline of roadway) 24 62 66 61 58 67 Center of Site 4 (At proposed courtyard 5 1:00-15 p.m. 57 58 56 55 58 location) `GAEL based on coniparison with residts of sinndtaneous nieasitrenients at long-term locations. Soitrce:Rosen Goldberg Der and Levitz,bic. 2008 The project site is currently* exposed to a CNEL of up to 72 dBA which is dominated by traffic noise on the nearby*roads. Traffic noise from Highway 101 did not appreciably*affect the noise environment at the locations along Gateway and Oyster Point Boulevards. Noise generated by passing trains Nvas not discernable during the measurements. Measurement locations away from local roadways (Location 4 and B) Nvere exposed to a CNEL of between 58 and 64 dBA from combined aircraft and distant roadway noise. During the measurement program aircraft produced maximum noise levels of up to 88 dBA Nvith a typical aircraft L,,,,, of about 77 dBA. The vast majoritA- of louder aircraft flyovers occurred during the first day*of noise monitoring (see Figure IV.J-3). The finding that the number of daily*aircraft overflights Gateway Business Park_11aster Plan IT:J. Voise. Draft ElzvironnielztallnipactReport Page If:J--5 00)of South Sari Francisco October 2009 is highly variable is not unexpected since the aircraft may take one of several flight paths (not all of which lead directly over the site) depending on factors such as the Nvind direction. Therefore, it is assumed that between the first and second day of the long-term noise measurements, Nveather conditions changed sufficiently to alter the flight path of the departing aircraft. Because of this dependence of aircraft noise on Nveather, it is appropriate to quantiA- long-term airport noise based on noise contours which are calculated using average annual flight patterns. The latest noise contours generated by San Francisco International Airport' area shoN-,n in the Noise Exposure Map Update — 2001. This document contains contours for the year 2006 (which Nvas a future year when the document Nvas prepared) that show the project site is located 2,700 feet outside the CNEL 60 dBA contour. This means the project site is exposed to a CNEL from aircraft which is less than 60 dBA. Noise Sensitive Land Uses in the Project Vicinity Land uses surrounding the site are mostly limited to offices, commercial and light industrial. Noise sensitive land uses are typically defined as residences, schools, places of Nvorship, hospitals, care centers and hotels. The nearest noise sensitive land use is an existing hotel (Larkspur Landing) to the south that is Nvithin 30 feet of the southern property line. Another hotel (Hilton Garden Inn)is located another 400 feet to the south. The nearest residential land uses are located to the northwest of the site. These residences are located along the Nvest side of US 101 and are about 1,900 feet from the project site. The existing Genentech Child Care facility occupies 850 Gateway- on the project site. Although it is not residential or hotel use it is considered to be a noise sensitive use which includes both indoor and outdoor areas. It is considered in this assessment since it is expected to remain during the earliest phase of the project construction(i.e. Phase la of the Precise Plan). Regulatory Setting Local Noise Guidelines The Gateway- Business Park project is located in South San Francisco which has noise standards in its General Plan and Municipal Code. The proposed project is subject to the noise policies of the East of 101 Area Plan and County of San Mateo Airport Land Use Plan for San Francisco International Airport. City of South San Francisco General Plan The Noise Element of the South San Francisco General Plan contains policy statements Nvith the goal of achieving acceptable noise levels throughout South San Francisco. The City has guidelines for noise and land use compatibility in the noise element. These guidelines are summarized in Table IV.J-2. City of South San Francisco Municipal Code Chapter 8.32.030 of the City's Noise Ordinance specifies maximum permissible sound levels to be generated by any property Nvithin the City. The maximum alloNvable level is determined by the land use 3 Conversation with Dave C.'arborze, ,San Alateo Airport Larzd Use C oInInission; 4August2008 Gateway Business Park Alaster Plan IT:J. Voise. Draft Erzvironnierz tal Impact Report Page If:J-6 00)of,1outh Sari Fralzcisco October 2009 category of the receiving property. These levels are summarized in Table IV.J-3. The levels shoN-,n in Table IV.J-3 are applicable for noises that occur up to 30 minutes per hour. Higher noise levels are alloNved, but for shorter periods of time. Table IV.J-2 Land Use Criteria for Noise-Impacted Areas FLand Use CNEL Range General Land Use Criteria Residential Less than 65 Satisfacton -:no special insulation requirements 65 to 70 Development requires analysis of noise reduction requirements and insulation as needed Over 70 Development should not be undertaken Commercial Less than 70 Satisfactory:no special insulation requirements 70 to 80 Development requires analysis of noise reduction requirements and noise insulation as needed Over 80 Airport-related development only: special noise insulation should be provided Industrial Less than 75 Satisfactory:no special insulation requirements 75 to 85 Development requires analysis of noise reduction requirements and noise insulation as needed Over 85 Airport-related development only: special noise insulation should be provided Open Less than 75 Satisfactory:no special insulation requirements Over 75 Avoid uses invoking concentrations of people or animals Source:City of Soirth Sari Francisco General Plan Noise Element,SFO Air portLarid Use Plan Chapter 832.050 (d)identifies a Special Provision which allows construction activities Nvith a City permit between the hours of 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. on Nveekdays, 9 a.m. to 8 p.m. on Saturdays and 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. on Sundays and holidays. Other hours may be authorized by obtaining a permit, provided the construction meets at least one of the folloNving requirements: Gateway Business Park Alaster Plan IT:J. N'"oise. Draft ElzvironnielztallnipactReport Page If:J--7 00)of South Sari Francisco October 2009 1. No individual piece of equipment shall produce a noise level exceeding 90 dB at a distance of 25 feet. If the device is housed Nvithin a structure or trailer on the property*,the measurement shall be made outside the structure at a distance as close to 25 feet from the equipment as possible. 2. The noise level at any point outside of the property*plane of the project shall not exceed 90 dB. Table IV.J-3 Maximum Permissible Noise Levels Land Use Category Time Period Noise Level(dB) R-E,R-1 and R-2 zones 10 p.m. -7 a.m. 50 or any single-family or duplex residential in a specific plan district 7 a.m. - 10 p.m. 60 R-3 and D-C zones or any multiple-family 10 p.m. -7 a.m. 55 residential or mixed residential/commercial in 7 a.m. - 10 p.m. 60 any specific plan district C-1,P-C, Gateway and Ovster Point Marina 10 p.m. -7 a.m. 60 specific plan districts or any commercial use in 7 a.m. - 10 p.m. 65 any specific plan district M-L P-1 Anti-time 70 Source:City ofSozrth San Francisco Vbtnicipal Code East of 101 Area Plan The East of 101 Area Plan applies to the areas of South San Francisco bounded by the City limits to the north and south, the San Francisco Bay to the east and Highway 101 to the Nvest. The Plan's Noise Element provides policies to ensure anticipated land uses in the plan area Nvill not be exposed to unacceptable noise levels. For commercial development, Policy* NO-2 states that the daytime interior hourly* average noise levels (Leq) should not exceed Leq 45 dBA and instantaneous interior noise levels should not exceed 60 dBA. The East of 101 Area Plan indicates that office and retail buildings located beN,-een Colma Creels and Oyster Point Boulevard are required to provide a minimum exterior-to- interior noise attenuation of 27 dBA. This minimum attenuation is based on an aircraft noise level of L,,,,, 87 dBA which is comparable to the airplane L,,,,,values measured for this EIR. Gateway Business Park Alaster Plan IT:J. Voise. Draft EizvironnieiztallnipactReport Page If:J--8 00)of South Sari Francisco October 2009 San Mateo County Comprehensive Airport Land Use Plan The current San Mateo Comprehensive Airport Land Use Plan (ALUP) Nvas adopted by the San Mateo County Airport Land Use Commission (ALUC) in December 1996. It contains the same standards that are presented in the Land Use Criteria for Noise Impacted Areas for the City of South San Francisco General Plan Noise Element(Table IV.J-2 of this EIR). ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS Thresholds of Significance Appendix G of the 2007 CEQA Guidelines contains a checklist to help identIA- whether a proposed project could result in potentially significant impacts Nvith respect to either noise or vibration. These guidelines have been adopted as thresholds of significance. A potentially significant impact would occur if the proposed project Nvould result in any of the folloNving: • Exposure of persons to or generation of noise levels in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies. • Exposure of persons to or generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels. • A substantial permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing Nvithout the project. • A substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity existing Nvithout the project. • For a project located Nvithin an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, Nvithin two miles of a public airport or public use airport, exposure of people residing or Nvorking in the project area to excessive noise levels. • For a project in the vicinity of a private airstrip, exposure of people residing or Nvorking in the project area to excessive noise levels. Neither the CEQA Guidelines nor the City s General Plan define what is considered to be a "substantial increase." In general, an increase 3 dB is just noticeable, a change of 5 dB is clearly noticeable and a change of 10 dB is perceived as a doubling (or halving). Therefore, the folloNving increases in noise are considered to be significant: • 5 dBA or greater if the future noise is Nvithin the normally acceptable range (CNEL 65 dBA or less for residences,hotels and child care; CNEL 70 dBA or less for offices and retail). • 3 dBA or greater if future noise level is above the normally acceptable range. Gateway Business Park Alaster Plan IT:J. Voise. Draft Erzvironnierz tal Impact Report Page If:J-9 00)of South Sari Fraizcisco October 2009 CEQA, the City and the State do not specIA- acceptable vibration levels from construction activities. For the purposes of this assessment, the methodology described by the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) is used. These FTA criteria are based on the potential for annoyance and interference Nvith vibration sensitive activities Nvhich is much more stringent than criteria for structural damage. The FTA specifies an impact criterion of a vibration level of 80 VdB5 for residences and hotels and 83 VdB for offices. These criteria are for "infrequent" events (i.e. transit train passbys). Although more stringent criteria are recommended for"frequent"or"occasional"events,these are not used since construction activities Nvould generally occur during the day-mime and Nvould not be permanent. Impacts and Mitigations Impact IV.J--1: The proposed project could result in exposure of persons to or generation of noise in excess of standards established in the local generalplan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies. Operational noise at the site, such as that created by HVAC equipment, would exceed the noise generation standards set forth in the City's Municipal Code. The heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) equipment for the project buildings Nvill likely be located on the roof-tops of the buildings. At this time the details of the HVAC system are not knoN-,n and therefore, precise predictions can not be made regarding the noise levels at the nearby land uses. It is possible that HVAC noise levels could exceed the limits of the Municipal Code at adjacent noise sensitive land uses such as the Larkspur Landing Hotel. This is considered to be a potentially significant impact; hoNvever, implementation of Mitigation Measure IV.J-1.1 Nvould reduce this impact to a less than significant level by requiring the project's HVAC design to include noise control measures adequate to meet the Citv's Noise Standards. Mitigation Measure IV.J-1.1 Operational Noise As the proposed project moves fonvard an analysis of the noise generated by the project's mechanical equipment should be conducted to assess the proposed equipment Nvith respect to the standards of 60 dBA at the property* line between the hours of 10 p.m. and 7 a.m. and 65 dBA at the property line beN,-een the hours of 7 a.m. and 10 p.m. The analysis should specIA-the noise control measures required to meet these noise levels. Specific measures can not be specified at this time because of the lack of detailed information on the HVAC equipment design and location. Typical measures include barriers or enclosures around rooftop equipment. Other measures include duct silencers and acoustical louvers at the ventilation openings. Once the noise control measures are included in the design a letter should be submitted to the City* Building Division should require a letter from the designer stating that the project has been designed to meet the City s Standards. Impact IV.J--2: The proposed project could result in exposure of persons to or generation of noise in excess of standards established in the local generalplan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of 4 Transit Voise aizd I7bratioiz InipactAssessnieizt,Federal Transit Administration,May 2006 5 VdB—The vibration velocity level expressed in decibels re one micro-inch per second. Gateway Business Park Alaster Plan IT:J. Voise. Draft Erzvironnierz tal Impact Report Page IT:J-10 00)of South Sari Francisco October 2009 other agencies. The proposed project could expose persons to traffic-related noise lei�els greater than the upper limit of satisfactory noise lei�els for commercial land use of CNEL 70 dBA. In the future, the proposed project buildings Nvill be exposed to a CNEL of up to 76 dBA due to traffic along Oyster Point Boulevard and Gatevmy Boulevard. The city Nvill require that an analysis of noise reduction requirements be conducted and noise insulation features be included, as needed, in the design. This is considered to be a potentially significant impact; hoNvever, implementation of Mitigation Measure IV.J-2.1 Nvill reduce this impact to a less than significant level by requiring sound-rated Nvindows and special exterior Nvall construction as necessary to meet the East of 101 Area Plan interior noise level goal. Mitigation Measure IV.J--2.1 Future Traffic Noise Prior to the approval of any precise plan for the project site, an acoustical analysis shall be prepared by a qualified acoustical consultant in order to determine the measures required to achieve acceptable interior noise levels for the buildings included as part of the precise plan. The East of 101 Area Plan contains interior noise level goal of Leq 45 dBA. This Nvill require a noise reduction of up to 30 dBA. This analysis can not be made at this time because of the lack of detailed information on the glazing t-pe and exterior facade construction. Typical measures include sound-rated Nvindows and special exterior Nvall construction. Impact IV.J--3: The proposed project would not cause a substantial increase in ambient noise lei�els in the project i icinity aboi e lei�els existing without the project. The effect of project generated traffic Nvas calculated using the Federal Highwa-T Administration's Traffic Noise Model (TNM 2.5). Table IV.J-4 shows the calculated existing and project generated traffic noise levels along the roadvmys in the project vicinity. It Nvas found that the greatest effect on ambient levels Nvill occur at the existing land uses (offices and hotels) along Gatevmy and Oyster Boulevards Nvhere the increase Nvill be up to 1.1 dBA. The nearest residential land use potentially affected by project generated traffic is across US 101 near Sister Cities Boulevard. The noise level along this roadway- is expected to increase by less than 1 dBA due to project generated traffic. Therefore,this is considered to be a less than significant impact and no mitigation is required. [Cumulative traffic increases are assessed in the Cumulative Impacts section of this report.] Gateway Business Park Alaster Plan IT:J. Voise. Draft Erzvironnierz tal Impact Report Page IT-J-11 00)of,South Sari Francisco October 2009 Table IV.J-4: Traffic Noise Levels with and without Project Roadway CNEL at 100 feet from Roadway Centerline,dBA Existin Existin +Project Increase Oyster Point Boulevard US 101 to Gateway 72.6 73.4 0.8 Gateway to Veterans 71.4 72.2 0.8 Gateway Boulevard Oyster Point to Project Access 66.8 67.6 0.7 Project Access to East Grand 65.4 66.6 1.1 Sister Cities Boulevard Airport to West 69.1 69.3 0.1 Som°ce:Rosen Goldberg Der acid Lewitz,bic. 2009 Impact IV.J-4: The proposed project would result in substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the project i icinity. Ambient noise levels in the project vicinity Nvill temporarily increase during the project-related demolition and construction activities. This Nvill include the phased removal of the existing buildings which Nvill be replaced Nvith six new office buildings and two to four parking structures. The project Nvould most likely be constructed in six phases from 2011 to 2020. Since the construction Nvould be phased there is the potential for construction noise to affect the buildings neighboring the project site as Nvell as the occupied buildings on the project site (remaining existing buildings and newIN-constructed project buildings). The noisier activities Nvould occur during the initial phases of construction which are demolition, mass excavation, site grading and foundation Nvork. These phases typically include use of heavy diesel powered machinery such as impact hammers, compactors, front end loaders, bacichoes, bulldozers, scrapers, graders, trucks and concrete equipment. The later phases Nvould involve construction of the building, and may require a crane and smaller equipment such as generators, compressors,power tools, and hand tools. The nearest noise sensitive building adjacent to the project site is the Larkspur Landing South San Francisco Hotel along Gateway Boulevard which is about 66 feet from the south of the southernmost proposed parking structure. Another hotel is located farther to the south across a parking lot. The nearest office buildings to the project site are those currently under construction along Oyster Point Boulevard which are as close as 88 feet to the proposed project buildings. The Genentech Child Care facility is currently occupying Building 850 on the project site. In addition to the indoor facilities, there are outdoor play areas on the eastern and southern sides of the building. Gateii,ay Business Park-11aster Plan IT:J. Voise. Draft ErzvirorznierztallnipactReport Page If:J-12 00)of South Sari Francisco October 2009 According to the Precise Plan 6, Building 850 Nvould remain during the demolition of the existing Building 900, the construction of the replacement building and the construction of the new parking structure. The new parking structure Nvould be directly adjacent to the eastern play area. The southern play area is approximately 220 feet from the proposed parking structure. Figure IV.J-3 shows the relationship between the child care facility and the project buildings in the first phase of development. Table IV.J-5 shows the expected noise levels from various construction equipment at the nearest land uses when construction and demolition activities are occurring at their closest. The table does not include noise levels from pile driving since pile driving Nvill not be required during construction. The noise levels at the two Genentech Child Care outdoor play areas are shoN-,n in the table. Building 850 is located between the farther (southern) play area and the proposed project buildings and, therefore, the noise levels include a factor for the acoustical shielding provided by the building. The noise level standards of the South San Francisco Municipal Code are not applied to construction activities because of a Special Provision that allows construction beN,-een 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. on Nveekdays, 9 a.m. to 8 p.m. on Saturdays and 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. on Sundays and holidays. Although the construction activities are alloNved by the Citv's code they Nvill cause a temporary, short- term substantial increase in noise levels at the nearest land uses. For example, the existing daytime noise level at noise near the center of the site is Leq 57 dBA (see noise measurement at Location 4). Maximum noise levels from the nearest construction activities Nvould represent a roughly 20 to 30 dBA increase over the existing average noise levels. The increase in average noise levels Nvill depend on the duration that the equipment Nvill operate and the number of simultaneous activities. Construction noise Nvould be loud enough to interfere Nvith speech communication outdoors. At the Genentech Child Care facility in 850 Gatewav, maximum construction noise levels Nvould be high enough in rooms along the exterior window to potentially interfere Nvith sleep. This is a significant temporary noise impact and implementation of Mitigation Measure IV.J-4.1 is required. Since the mitigation measures Nvill reduce construction noise where feasible and minimize the potential for disturbance, and because construction noise is exempted from noise limits by the provisions of the South San Francisco Municipal Code, the construction noise impact at the existing office buildings and hotels Nvould be less than significant after mitigation. Since the construction noise Nvould significantly affect the noise sensitive use of the Genentech Child Care facility that includes outdoor play areas and indoor areas that could be used for dad-mime sleeping, and mitigation measures such as noise barriers Nvill be only partially effective in reducing construction noise levels and minimizing noise induced activity interference (the construction of the upper floors Nvould be elevated above a noise barrier) construction noise at the Genentech Child Care facility, while temporary,is considered significant and unaiwidable after mitigation. 6 Gateway Business Park Phase I Precise Plarz 850 & 900 Gateway Boulevard, ,South Sari Francisco, CA, Chaniberlirz Associates,June 26, 2008. Gateway Business Park Alaster Plan IT:J. Voise. 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V Q U IL.II...II N � � N � J I v N 0 00)of,South Sari Francisco October 2009 Table IV.J-5: Construction Noise Levels at Existing Land Uses Maximum Noise Levels(Lm.,) for Typical Construction Activities,dBA Construction Larkspur Nearest Office Genentech Child Care Facility Equipment Landing South Building on San Francisco Adjacent Eastern Outdoor Southern Hotel Property Play Area Outdoor Play Area Backhoe 78 75 81 57 Compactor 81 78 84 60 Compressor 76 73 79 55 Concrete Pump Truck 79 76 82 58 Crane 79 76 82 58 Bulldozer 80 77 83 59 Dump Truck 74 71 77 53 Excavator 79 76 82 58 Front End Loader 77 74 80 56 Grader 83 80 86 62 Jackhammer 87 84 90 66 Paver 75 72 78 54 Pneumatic Tools 83 80 86 1 62 Source:Rosen Goldberg Der acid Lewitz,Inc. 2008 Mitigation Measure IV.J-4.1 Construction Generated Noise Prepare a demolition and construction noise control plan that identifies detailed, site-specific noise attenuation measures that Nvill be used to minimize impacts on adjacent land uses. The plan should be prepared under the supervision of a qualified acoustical consultant or person experienced Nvith equipment and techniques that can be used to reduce construction related noise. The plan must include but is not limited to the folloNving: • Implement noise attenuation measures, Nvhich shall include noise barriers or noise blankets. Particular attention should be paid to providing a noise barrier (at least 12-feet tall) to protect outdoor uses such as the eastern play area of the Genentech Child Care facility, if it remains during construction. • Provide advance notification to surrounding land uses disclosing the construction schedule, including the various types of activities that Nvould be occurring throughout the duration of the construction period. • Ensure that construction equipment is properIv muffled according to industry standards. Gateway Business Park_11aster Plan IT:J. Voise. Draft Erzvironnierz tal Impact Report Page If:J-1 5 00)of South Sari Francisco October 2009 • Place noise-generating construction equipment and locate construction staging areas avmy from sensitive uses,Nvhere feasible. • Schedule high noise-producing activities beN,-een when they Nvould be least likely to interfere Nvith the noise sensitive activities of the neighboring land uses. When near the hotels this Nvould mean restricting construction during sleeping hours. HoNvever,near office buildings or Genentech Child Care uses the evening hours may be preferable because the buildings are not occupied. • In addition to the preparation of the construction noise control plan, the folloNving measures are recommended and may be included in the plan: • Designate an on-site construction noise complaint manager for the duration of the project. • Post signs around the project site to inform persons of the construction hours and the name and phone number of the person or persons to notifiT in the event of a noise related problem. • A pre-construction meeting shall be held Nvith the job inspectors and the general contractor/on- site project manager to confirm that noise mitigation practices (including construction hours, neighborhood notification,posted signs,etc.) are completed. • The project applicant shall require by contract specifications that construction staging areas along Nvith operation of earthmoving equipment within the project site be located as far awa-T from vibration and noise sensitive sites as possible. Contract specifications shall be included in the construction documents, which shall be revieNved by the City prior to issuance of a grading permit. • The project applicant shall require by contract specifications that heavily loaded trucks should be routed avmv from noise and vibration sensitive uses, to the extent possible. Contract specifications shall be included on the construction documents, Nvhich shall be revieNved by the City prior to issuance of a grading permit. Impact IV.J-5: The proposed project could result in exposure of persons to or generation of excessive groundborne ibration or groundborne noise lei�els. Construction equipment could generate noticeable vibration at adjacent buildings on and off the site. The greatest potential for vibration generation Nvould be during the excavation and foundation construction activities. Pile driving often generates the highest vibration levels at a construction site, however, pile driving Nvould not be required for the project. Table IV.J-6 shows the vibration levels for different construction equipment at their closest approach to the Larkspur Landing South San Francisco Hotel and commercial buildings both on and off the site. As the equipment moves farther away, the vibration level drops rapidly, due to absorption from the ground through which the vibration propagates. Construction activities Nvould result in vibration levels that are generally Nvithin the FTA's impact levels of 80 VdB for residences and hotels and 83 VdB for offices. The vibration level from a vibrator`* roller could slightly exceed the impact criteria(by 1 VdB),but only briefly when it is at its closest point. Gateway Business Park Alaster Plan IT:J. Voise. Draft Erzvironnierz tal Impact Report Page If:J-16 00)of,1outh Sari Francisco October 2009 Table IV.J-6: Vibration Levels at Nearby Receivers Construction Maximum Vibration by Receiver,VdB Equipment Larkspur Landing Nearest Office Nearest Commercial South San Francisco Building on Adjacent Building on Project Hotel Property Site(Due to Phasing) Large Bulldozer 74 70 73 Loaded Trucks 73 69 72 Jackhammer 66 62 65 Vibratory-Roller 81 77 80 Hoe Ram 74 69 72 Caisson Drilling 74 70 73 Source:Rosen Goldberg Der acid Lewitz,Inc. 2008 Since the project yvould be constructed in phases,it is possible that onsite office buildings could be still be occupied and, therefore, potentially affected during the construction of a project building. There is also the potential for nearby buildings to contain vibration sensitive research equipment such as electron microscopes. This equipment could be affected at loyver levels that those discussed above. Therefore, groundborne vibration is considered a potentially significant impact. Implementation of Mitigation Measure IV.J-5.1 yvould reduce the impact of groundborne vibration to a less than significant level by minimizing the potential for vibration to interfere yvith vibration sensitive equipment yvhich may be located nearby. Mitigation Measure IV.J-5.1 Groundborne Vibration Prior to the commencement of ground clearing activities, the project applicant shall conduct a preconstruction survey to determine yvhether the construction project's activities yvould impact vibration sensitive equipment located in adjacent buildings yvithin 100 feet of the construction activity. If it is determined that no impact yvould occur then construction activities shall begin and no further action need be taken. If the project applicant determines that vibration sensitive equipment has the potential to be affected, it shall implement a construction schedule to ensure that construction activities yvould occur during times N-,-hen vibration sensitive equipment would not be in use. Impact IV.J--6: The proposed project could result in exposure of people residing or working at the project site to excessive noise levels.rom a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted,within two miles of a public or public use airport. The proposed project site is located yvithin tyvo miles of the San Francisco International Airport. Noise contours prepared for the airport indicate that the project site is located 2,700 feet outside the CNEL 60 dBA contour. Therefore, the proposed office buildings yvould be exposed to an aircraft generated Gateway Business Park Alaster Plan IT:J. Voise. Draft Erzvirorznierz tal Impact Report Page If:J-17 00)of South Sari Francisco October 2009 CNEL belovy 60 dBA Nyhich is considered satisfactory for commercial development by the policies of the South San Francisco General Plan and the San Mateo County Airport Land Use Commission. The policies of the East of 101 Area Plan indicate that office and retail buildings located in the project area are required to provide a minimum exterior-to-interior noise attenuation of 27 dBA to reduce indoor maximum instantaneous noise levels (L,,,,,) from aircraft to the goal of 60 dBA (Policy NO-2). Therefore, airport noise is a less than significant impact Nyith respect to the City and County criteria but mitigation is required to be consistent Nyith the local land use plan (East of 101 Area Plan). Implementation of Mitigation Measure IV.J-6.1 Nyould ensure that impacts remain less than significant. Mitigation Measure IV.J-6.1 Aircraft Noise Prior to approval of submittal of the first building permit, an aircraft sound attenuation study must be prepared that indicates Nyhat measures Nyill be implemented to achieve the minimum exterior-to-interior noise attenuation of 27 dBA from aircraft overflights. The study should revievy the exterior Nyindovy/Nyall and roof/ceiling construction and specIA-, if necessary, measures such as sound-rated Nyindovys and acoustical treatments to the fresh air ventilation system. Impact IV.J-7. The proposed project would not result in exposure of people residing or working at the project site to excessive noise lei�els.rom a private airstrip. The proposed project site is not within the vicinity of any private airstrip. Therefore no impact Nyould occur and no mitigation measures are required. CUMULATIVE IMPACTS Noise level increases due to increased traffic are summarized in Table IV.J-7. In the future, cumulative traffic Nyill increase the traffic noise levels at the commercial land uses along Gatevmv and Oyster Point Boulevards by 2.0 to 4.7 dBA. Cumulative traffic Nyill increase the traffic noise levels at residential land use along Sister Cities Boulevard by up to 2.5 dBA. These cumulative traffic noise increases exceed the threshold of 3 dBA for a significant increase. Although the project contribution is generally small, (0.8 dBA or less), the increase in traffic noise is a significant and unai oidable cumulative impact. LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE AFTER MITIGATION Implementation of Mitigation Measures IV.J-1.1, IV.J-2.1, IV.J-5.1, and IV.J-6.1 identified in this section Nyould adequately mitigate potential impacts related to operational noise, future traffic noise, construction noise impacts to office uses, groundborne vibration, and aircraft noise. These impacts Nyould also be reduced to a less than significant level. HoNyever, construction noise impacts to noise sensitive uses (Genentech Child Care Facility), even Nyith implementation of Mitigation Measure IV.J-4.1, Nyould remain significant and unai oidable. Gateway Business Park Alaster Plan IT:J. Voise. Draft Erzvironnierz tal Impact Report Page If:J-18 00)of,Sonth Sari Fraizcisco October 2009 Table IV.J-7: Cumulative Traffic Noise Increases Traffic Noise Level(CNEL) at 100 Project I Roadway +Project ncrease Feet from Centerline,dBA Existing t Future Contribution to Future Future+ Future CNEL Existing (2035) Project in CNEL(dBA) (dBA) Oi-ster Point Boulevard US 101 to Gateway 72,6 76.1 76.5 39 0.4 Gateway to Veterans 71.4 75.8 76.1 4.7 0.3 Gateway-Boulevard Oyster Point to Project Access 66.8 68.3 689 2.0 0.5 Project Access to East Grand 65.4 67.3 68.1 2.7 0.8 Sister Cities Boulevard Airport to West 69.1 71.6 71.6 2.5 0.1 Source:Rosen Goldberg Der acid Lewitz,Inc. 2009 Gateii,ay Btisiness Park Haster Plan IT:J. Voise. Draft Erzvirorznierz tal Impact Report PaWe If:J-19 00)of South Sari Francisco October 2009 This page left blank intentionally. Gateway Business Park Alaster Plan IT:J. Voise. Draft Erzvironnierz tal Impact Report Page If:J-20