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Home My WebLink AboutAppendix 4.04-1, DPR FormsAppendix 4.4-1: Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) Forms Page 1 of 17 *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 160 S. Linden Avenue *P11. Report Citation: ICF. 2020. Southline Specific Plan Project Draft Environmental Impact Report. November. Prepared for the City of South San Francisco, California. *Attachments: NONE  Location Map  Sketch Map  Continuation Sheet  Building, Structure, and Object Record  Archaeological Record District Record  Linear Feature Record  Milling Station Record  Rock Art Record  Artifact Record  Photograph Record DPR 523A (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # ____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # _______________________________________ PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial _____________________________________ NRHP Status Code __________ Other Listings __________ Review Code __________ Reviewer ____________________________ Date ___________ P5a. Photograph or Drawing (Photograph required for buildings, structures and objects) P1. Other Identifier: E. I. du Pont de Nemours Plant *P2. Location:  Not for Publication  Unrestricted *a. County Alameda *b. USGS 7.5’ Quad San Francisco South, CA Date 2018 T R ¼ of ¼ of Sec B.M. c. Address: 160-180 South Linden Avenue City South San Francisco Zip 94080 d. UTM: (give more than one for large and/or linear resources) Zone 10 S; 10 S 551690 4166307/ 37.64245°N -122.41409°E e. Other Locational Data: (e.g., parcel #, directions to resource, elevation, etc., as appropriate) Assessor’s parcel number (APN) 014‐241‐040 *P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries) The subject resource described in this Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) form is one of six adjacent parcels and one linear resource, which are evaluated in separate DPR forms. 160 South Linden Avenue is used to refer to the subject parcel in this DPR and contains the following built resources: 1) A large U-shaped chemical plant built in 1940 and one small ancillary building that was likely built at the same time, circa 1940 (addressed as 160 S. Linden Avenue); 2) A medium-sized tour bus barn built circa 2012 (addressed as 180 S. Linden Avenue); and 3) A small tour bus barn built circa 2012 (part of 180 S. Linden Avenue). Because the former chemical plant and ancillary building at 160 S. Linden Avenue are the only buildings on the parcel that are age-eligible for listing in historic registers, this DPR form only formally evaluates those two buildings (Figure 1 and Figure 2). (See Continuation Sheet) *P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) HP6. 1-3 story commercial building; HP4. Ancillary Building, HP8. Industrial Building; HP39. Other *P4. Resources Present:  Building  Structure  Object  Site  District  Element of District Other P5b. Figure 1: Northeast (primary) façade of warehouse building facing southwest, 2018. Source: Marx/Okubo Associates, Inc., Property Conditions Assessment for 160 South Linden Avenue. *P6. Date Constructed/Age and Sources: Historic  Prehistoric  Both 1940 (Source: San Mateo County Tax Assessor; ParcelQuest, and 1943 historic aerial photograph via UC Santa Barbara) *P7. Owner and Address: LPGS (Tanforan) LLC 644 Menlo Park Avenue, 2nd Floor Menlo Park, CA 94025 *P8. Recorded by: (Name, affiliation, address) Patrick Maley, ICF 201 Mission Street, Suite 1500 San Francisco, CA 94105 *P9. Date Recorded: July 1, 2020 *P10. Survey Type: Intensive Page 2 of 17 *NRHP Status Code 6Z *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 160 South Linden Avenue DPR 523B (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ BUILDING, STRUCTURE, AND OBJECT RECORD B1. Historic Name: E. I. du Pont de Nemours Plant B2. Common Name: 160-180 South Linden Avenue B3. Original Use: Chemical Plant, Materials, Administrative Office B4. Present Use: Transportation, Manufacturing and Design *B5. Architectural Style: Utilitarian/industrial *B6. Construction History: (Construction date, alteration, and date of alterations) (See Continuation Sheet) *B7. Moved?  No  Yes  Unknown Date: N/A Original Location: N/A *B8. Related Features: Landscaping, raised walkway, flagpole, storage tank. B9a. Architect Unknown; Vitae (Architecture Planning Interiors); SEI Structural Engineers Incorporated; Centrix Builders Inc.; Kier & Wright Civil Engineers; Apple Hill Homes, Inc. B9b. Builder: 160 South Linden Avenue (unknown); tour bus barn (repair shop) (Empire Steel Buildings) and tour bus barn (bus wash) (Apple Hill Homes, Inc). *B10. Significance: Theme N/A Area N/A Period of Significance N/A Property Type N/A Applicable Criteria N/A South San Francisco Industrial History South San Francisco’s industrial history begins in the 1890s when the South San Francisco Land and Improvement Company acquired land from what was part of Henry Miller’s vast land empire to build stockyards, meat packing facilities, and a company town. Since those beginnings, the meat packing industry has given way to steel, metals and construction, manufacturing, transportation, chemicals, and biotechnologies. Development within the city resulting from each industry gradually influenced the other industries and shaped the overall profile of South San Francisco as it exists today. This context discusses three key areas industries in South San Francisco: meat-packing and tanneries; construction materials, and chemical manufacturing. (See Continuation Sheet) B11. Additional Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) *B12. References: (See Continuation Sheet) B13. Remarks: N/A *B14. Evaluator: Patrick Maley, ICF *Date of Evaluation: July 1, 2020 (This space reserved for official comments.) Page 3 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 160 South Linden Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ *P3a. Description (continued): The subject property is located on an industrial parcel composed of an irregular-shaped lot that is surrounded by other industrial properties. The subject parcel is bound primarily by South Linden Avenue to the east, the property at 240 Dollar Avenue to the south (APN 014‐241‐030), and the property at 54 Tanforan Avenue to the west (APN 014‐250‐050). A non-extant Southern Pacific Railroad (SPRR) spur historically ran along its northwest boundary of the subject parcel, and contained a branch line that entered the subject property. The SPRR spur and branch were removed prior to 2000; they are described in the linear resource record associated with this DPR. The rest of the parcel comprises paved surfacing parking. It is encircled by a metal or masonry security fence except for a break along South Linden Ave where a double-lane vehicular entry to the property is located and marked with a flagpole atop a concrete base. Ornamental vegetation lines the parcel’s east perimeter along Linden Avenue, adjacent to 160 Linden Avenue’s east façade. 160 S. Linden Avenue U-Shaped Chemical Plant The 61,105 square foot plant at the southeast end of the parcel is a former chemical plant building that ranges from one to three stories in height. It has a U-shape footprint composed of three rectangular wings, with projecting additions at the north, south, and west facades (ParcelQuest 2020). The building is utilitarian in design and does not represent a specific architectural style (Figure 3). It appears that most of the building sits on a raised concrete foundation, and is clad in corrugated metal siding. The building’s roof contains shallow gables on all three wings comprising the primary u-shape footprint, with little to no overhanging eaves, and is composed of corrugated metal throughout. A pedestrian entrance is located within the flat-roofed single-story addition at the building’s north end near the vehicular entrance to the property that is marked with signage indicating the property’s address. The building contains a mix of vehicular roll-down metal doors, additional pedestrian doors, and multi-pane metal frame windows throughout. An exterior stair is located within the U-shape (Figure 4), and two four-story hydraulic elevators are located along the building’s west façade. The east wing contains a metal canopy at its rear (south) façade. Ancillary Building The ancillary building is a rectangular one-story building located adjacent to the chemical plant’s southeast corner, along Linden Avenue. The building is utilitarian in design and does not represent a specific architectural style (Figure 5). It is constructed of board-formed concrete and has a flat roof with no eaves. The south façade contains a single pedestrian metal door. The east façade includes a wide fixed multi-lite steel frame window, containing operable sashes at its center and a metal vent. The north and west facades lack fenestration. The building is connected to the chemical plant via a metal shoot. It houses utilities associated with operation of the plant. Other Buildings and Structures On-site The description above provides information regarding the two age-eligible buildings located on the subject parcel. The table below lists the buildings described above and the other features within the boundaries of the subject property:1 Address/Name Resource Type/Use Location on Parcel Image and Façade Location Year Built/ Additions 1 Because of the industrial nature of the site, the table may exclude some mechanical equipment or affiliated structures that were not recorded in site plans or visible during the time of survey. The list is meant to provide an overview of the site’s primary features. Page 4 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 160 South Linden Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Address/Name Resource Type/Use Location on Parcel Image and Façade Location Year Built/ Additions 160 S. Linden Avenue Chemical Plant Southeast corner 1940/1958 160 S. Linden Avenue Ancillary building Southeast corner Circa 1940 180 S. Linden Avenue Tour Bus Barn (Repair Shop) West boundary Circa 2012 180 S. Linden Avenue Tour Bus Barn (Bus Wash) North boundary Circa 2012 *B6. Construction History (continued): The table below lists the key events in the construction history of the subject parcel. Year Construction History Event 1935 The E. I. du Pont de Nemours Company purchases seven acres of land on Linden Avenue. 1940 Construction of the U-shaped chemical plant and ancillary building. 1946 Historic aerial photograph of the subject parcel shows the U-shaped chemical plant, the ancillary building on the south east corner, a large rectangular structure off the west façade of the U-shaped building, and a square-shaped structure in the center of the courtyard of the U-shaped building. Page 5 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 160 South Linden Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ 1955 A fire breaks out at the 160 South Linden Avenue du Pont de Nemours Company plant. No serious damage to building occurs. 1958 A $49,350 addition was made to 160 South Linden Avenue’s resin-manufacturing building adding three new resin tanks. 1980 Historic aerial photograph of the subject parcel shows the square-shaped structure in the center of the courtyard has been removed. 1993 Historic aerial photograph of the subject parcel shows the large rectangular structure off the west façade of the U-shaped chemical plant remains in place. 2002 Historic aerial photograph of the subject parcel shows the large rectangular structure off the west façade of the U-shaped chemical plant has been removed. 2003 Vitae (Architecture Planning Interiors) employed for a significant interior remodel of the U-shaped building at 160 Linden Avenue. 2005 Vitae (Architecture Planning Interiors) employed again for an interior remodel of the U-shaped building. 2006 SEI Structural Engineers Incorporated employed for alteration of the interior spaces of the U-shaped building to accommodate other tenants. 2009 Centrix Builders Inc. perform a number of window replacements. 2010 Historic aerial photograph of the subject parcel shows the parcel with paved parking areas. 2011 Vitae (Architecture Planning Interiors) complete changes to facades, staircases, interior for Compass Transportation. 2012 Empire Steel Buildings are employed by Veolia Transportation to construct a tour bus barn (repair shop). 2012 In 2012, SEI Structural Engineers Inc. perform improvements to two exterior egress stair towers located at the southeast and southwest corners in the courtyard for the tenant G. Hensler & Co. 2012 In 2012, Apple Hill Homes Inc. is hired by Compass Transportation Systems to construct a tour bus barn (bus wash) and a fuel storage tank structure. *B10. Significance (continued): Historic Context – continued South San Francisco’s first large industry was launched when Gustavus Swift, the meat magnate who developed the first refrigerated freight car, visited the area in 1887 with the aim of establishing meat packing houses and an industrial suburb in San Mateo County. The location had several advantages for Swift’s operation: it was close enough to San Francisco to reach the city’s markets, but far enough away to ensure commercial and political independence from the city. In addition, with prevailing winds from the west and the bay to the east, South San Francisco was geographically situated in a way which would mitigate the noxious fumes and effluents generated by industry. In 1891, the area, which Swift named South San Francisco, began filling with workers from “Butchertown”, located to the north in San Francisco’s Bayview Neighborhood, who were moving into the city’s industrial suburbs (Blum 1984). As population and industry expanded, meat packing developed many spin-off industries in South San Francisco, including tanneries, wool pulleries, and fertilizer plants, with many of the businesses relocating from San Francisco’s Bayview Neighborhood. The Poetsch & Peterson Tannery is exemplary of many of the businesses that developed out of South San Francisco’s meat packing industry in being connected with the meat packing industry (in their use of hides) and in employing manual labor and chemical/industrial processes In 1883, German-born Herman Poetsch and his Swedish partner Gustave Peterson chose San Francisco’s Mission District, at Harrison and Army Street (present day Caesar Chavez Street) for the location of their tanning business. At the time, the area was largely industrial with close proximity to butcher shops and animal markets that supplied hides to the fledgling business. Poetsch & Peterson employed workers from Italy, Greece, Germany, and the Guadalajara region of Mexico to produce a leather called latigo, used for boots, shoes, and machinery (San Francisco Examiner 1985:157). Herman and Ella A. Poestch had three sons - William (b. 1888), Herman (b. 1891), Albert (b. 1892), and a daughter - all of whom carried on the business of Poetsch & Peterson when Herman Sr. passed away in 1929 (San Francisco Examiner 1953:10). William Poestch, the eldest son, taught himself the chemical formulas necessary for the production of their distinct brand of leather, handwriting them in a series of notebooks which he kept until the late 80s. Page 6 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 160 South Linden Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Poetsch & Peterson continued to operate in San Francisco through WWI – in which Albert served in the Navy – and through the 1930s. WWII brought difficulties to Poetsch & Peterson as leather was on the government list of goods embargoed for military use, leaving hides in short supply (San Francisco Examiner 1985:157). In 1943, Poetsch & Peterson relocated to 325 South Maple Avenue in South San Francisco when other chemical and manufacturing businesses were doing the same. The South San Francisco location allowed Poetsch & Peterson more space and provided closer proximity to the slaughterhouses and ancillary businesses upon which Poetsch & Peterson depended, which were gradually relocating their facilities from San Francisco to South San Francisco. Following the war, union activity brought on a series of strike actions in many South San Francisco industries, including a 1947 Butcher’s Union No. 508 strike over pay increases (The Times [San Mateo] 1947:15) and an Amalgamated Meat Cutters and Butcher Workmen’s Union strike (San Francisco Examiner 1947:6) which impacted Poetsch & Peterson. However, Poetsch & Peterson were able to resolve the conflicts with its unions and through the 1950s and 1960s, production increased at the tannery, but business really took off beginning in the mid-1970s when fashion choices created high demand for latigo bags and sandals. At their height, Poetsch & Peterson were a $1.2 million a year business employing approximately 100 union workers. However, the combination of foreign competition, stricter environmental regulations, and South San Francisco’s push for more “clean” industrial parks ultimately shuttered the business by the mid-1980s (San Francisco Examiner 1985:157). At that point, they were the last tannery on the peninsula. South San Francisco also developed construction materials businesses beginning in the mid-1890s, when the Baden Brick Factory, the Molath Brick Company, and the South San Francisco Lumber Company established themselves in the city (Bamburg ND). By 1907, completion of the 9.8-mile Southern Pacific Railroad Bayshore Cutoff connected South San Francisco’s industrial yards to San Francisco markets in the north. Further construction-related businesses soon emerged that were focused on the development of steel and metal foundries which were needed to supply materials to San Francisco as it rebuilt following the 1906 earthquake (Blum 1984; City of South San Francisco 2020). In 1906, the Selby Smelting and Lead Company’s purchase of land on San Bruno Point raised concerns of pollution from South San Francisco landowners, prompting San Mateo County to pass an ordinance against smelting within County lines. In turn, the City of South San Francisco incorporated in 1908, exempting the City from the ordinance, and allowing the city’s industrial development to rapidly expand (Blum 1984). Beginning with Pacific Jupiter Steel (later Bethlehem Steel), South San Francisco’s foundry and metal production industries expanded to include the Meese and Gottfried Co., Pacific Car and Equipment, Shaw Batcher Steel (later United States Steel), the Edward Wire Rope Co. (which would provide cable for the Golden Gate Bridge), the Doak Sheet Metal Company, the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, and others. By the 1920s, South San Francisco was already celebrating its heavy industry, installing the first sign on Signal Hill reading “SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO THE INDUSTRIAL CITY” in 1923, and replacing it with sixty-foot high concrete letters in 1929 (Bamburg ND). The steel, metals, and materials industries received a boost from defense spending during both world wars, but particularly during WWII. In 1943, Bethlehem Steel was hiring mill helpers, hearth stockers, and yard laborers in support of the war effort at its South San Francisco plant (San Francisco Examiner 1943:39), While some non-defense related metal and manufacturing employers like American Brake Shoe saw growth as well, others (such as Poetsch & Peterson) experienced difficulties due to war-time embargos on materials. With South San Francisco’s population doubling as defense workers poured into the city during WWII, the Federal Government built emergency housing at several locations. The developments were cheaply constructed and densely packed. Lindenville, a 720-unit development for 4,200 people, was constructed between Victory and Railroad Avenues as a series of barrack-like row units (Bamburg ND; Kious ND). Many of these emergency housing units were demolished after the war. At the conclusion of the WWII, industries continued to grow, as suburbanization in California produced demand for metals, concrete, lumber, and other materials. Vannucci Brothers Concrete Construction Company maintained a South San Francisco (located on the subject parcel) office while supplying concrete for the development of California’s massive freeway system (San Francisco Examiner 1966:56). In 1955, when Governor Goodwin Knight presented the “Man of Industry” award in front of 400 civic and industrial leaders he said, “For better or for worse, San Mateo county has made its choice for industry. You have voted to see smoke stacks rather than geraniums.” (The Times [San Mateo] 1955:1). However, his choice of recipient – M.W. Reece, vice-president of the South San Francisco’s Reinhold Chemical Corporation – illustrated a transition away from the smokes stacks which had defined the city through the war-era and towards the emergence of light Page 7 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 160 South Linden Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ industry: distribution centers, office parks, and chemicals. The “industrial city” was giving way to more light industry plants (like Stuart Manufacturing, Sun Tube Corp., Sees Candy, and Ray Winther Co.) as well as distribution business connected to the San Francisco Airport, which was constructed in 1953 (City of South San Francisco 2020). By the 1960s, heavy industry in South San Francisco was winding down (City of South San Francisco 2020). In 1981, the Bethlehem Steel building was torn down (City of South San Francisco 2020). South San Francisco’s chemical industry began developing in the mid-1930s. In 1935, the South San Francisco Land and Improvement company won out against Los Angeles County in enticing the E.I. du Pont de Nemours Company to purchase a seven-acre area on Linden Avenue to construct a varnish and lacquer plant (San Francisco Examiner 1935:4) which was constructed by 1940 (located on the subject parcel). Meanwhile, other chemical companies were establishing local facilities on the west coast, often in the Bay View district of San Francisco. In 1935, the Gamlen Chemical Company, founded by Harry Gamlen, a Canadian-born engineer and inventor, began its operations in San Francisco (San Francisco Examiner 1973:41). E.F. Houghton & Co, a Pennsylvania chemical corporation specializing in industrial lubricants, mining lubricants, textile processing oils, tannery oils, and heat treating products, also located in San Francisco at Quint Street and Davidson Avenue (Oakland Tribune 1942:30). Following WWII, many of the light industry and chemical businesses located in San Francisco Bay View began to relocate to South San Francisco to take advantage of the large industrial yards now available for non-war time production. In 1949, du Point expanded a further 5.8 acres in South San Francisco, occupying a corner of Dollar and Tanforan Avenues no longer used for war production to expand its west coast business operations. The post war boom brought demand for chemical products such as finishes for consumer products like cars, ships, and refrigerators (The Times [San Mateo] 1949:4). By the mid-1950s, Gamlen Chemical had relocated to 321 Victory Avenue (The Times [San Mateo] 1955:1) and E. I. du Pont de Nemours Paint was expanding on 160 South Linden Avenue. In 1958, the City of South San Francisco reported a record year for building permits, doubling the previous year’s amount (The Times [San Mateo] 1958:15). E.F. Houghton & Company opened their 300,000 square-foot manufacturing plant, laboratory, office building and storage yard, at the site of the former American Brake Shoe Company at 54 Tanforan Avenue in 1960 (The Times [San Mateo] 1960:11) and were soon launching a new line of aluminum lubricants (The Times [San Mateo] 1963:24). The 1960s also found Merk and Company’s Marine Magnesium Plant expanding in the city (City of South San Francisco 2020). By the mid-70s, E. F. Houghton & Company were hiring local chemistry and physics graduates and becoming something of an industry thought-leader, employing Gerald Loeb – the “Wizard of Wall Street”, a financial author credited with predicting the 1929 stock market crash- as a senior consultant (The Times [San Mateo] 1972a: 21). Gamlen Chemical also expanded operations in the city during the 1970s, constructing a 2-story, 7,200-square foot international headquarters which would house it technical, customer service, and electronic data processing staff (The Times [San Mateo] 1972b:21) and later expanded its central marketing and development operations (The Times [San Mateo] 1975: 25). The chemical industry took a further turn in the 1970s, when Robert Swanson and Dr. Herbert Boyer founded Genentech, spurring new developments the biotech and pharmaceutical industries which would further shape the city’s future. 20th Century Industrial Building Typology More than any other building type, the forms of industrial buildings have historically reflected their functions. Industrial buildings have housed a myriad of uses which include printing, manufacturing, food processing, and warehousing in the early 20th century, as well as later light-industrial functions such as auto repair, office, and commercial in the post-World War II era (Page & Turnbull, Inc. 2009:90). The production processes conducted inside have determined the buildings’ design and organization, in which exterior ornament remained subordinate to more utilitarian concerns. Improvements in building materials and techniques allowed for the bigger and highly functional industrial buildings. Following earlier load-bearing brick construction, reinforced concrete provided for new innovation in industrial building design during the early 20th century. American builders and owners remained wary of reinforced concrete construction until its benefits were clearly revealed when representative buildings survived major earthquakes and fires. Employing reinforced concrete in the design of a new type of industrial production building—the automobile factory—Detroit’s Albert Kahn distinguished himself as the first significant 20th century American industrial architect. Establishing a new precedent for industrial architecture, Kahn worked in close consultation with production experts and engineers to fit the massive hyper-functional building to the needs of the manufacturing process. Kahn’s design principals influenced industrial design throughout the early and mid-20th century. His principles included industrial building configurations that included administrative wings, Page 8 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 160 South Linden Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ parking lots, and landscape setbacks fronting shed, sawtooth, or convex-roofed factories so as to obstruct their visibility from streets and highways (Bradley 1999:156–58; Munce 1960:40; Rappaport 2004:433). Other early techniques were exemplified by design accomplishments overseas. Peter Behrens and Mies van der Rohe created a new steel and glass curtain wall system for a turbine factory in Berlin in 1908–1909 that maximized natural lighting, freely exposed the building’s steel skeletal farming, that proved highly influential in the field of industrial building design. Only a few years after its construction, industrial buildings widely implemented the steel industrial sash window system (SurveyLA 2018: 198). Over the next several decades, innovations in prefabrication and framing enabled the design of industrial buildings that appeared lighter and incorporated more windows on both exterior facades and roofs (Martinson 2009:283; Rappaport 2004:433). During World War II, the design of industrial production buildings began to shift away from maximization of natural lighting and ventilation. As Bradley explains, “the new model was based on the utilization of artificial lighting, air-conditioning, and forced air circulation to optimize working conditions in structures with few openings” (Bradley 1999:4). Industrial building design in the post-World War II era was characterized by a proliferation of sprawling one-story factory buildings, a product of wartime production that responded to demand for low-cost construction and the increasingly horizontal orientation of production processes. As architectural historian Nina Rappaport explains, “the one-story shed-type building allowed for larger machines and more flexible and open floor plans for the new horizontal assembly-line production, which could then be shifted easily to the truck- and train-based transportation systems, with train lines running close to or even through a manufacturing plant.” During this period in the United States, manufacturing industries also began to relocate from urban cores to booming suburbs or other peripheral zones of new development. Even in the face of a changing industrial environment, the new factory facilities continued to reflect some of the planning principles pioneered by Kahn in the early 20th century, including roof forms, setbacks, parking areas, and minimal to non-existent architectural ornament. However, emerging corporate emphasis on teamwork and organizational psychology led to the introduction of post-war amenities such as cafeterias, athletic facilities, and lounges for workers, as well as a trend away from the earlier separation of administrative offices from factory production spaces. Throughout the 20th century, with the priority of industrial architectural design has remained rooted in efficiency and profit. Industrial processes and products are constantly refined to maximize return on investment. Consequently, industrial properties are frequently altered to accommodate new product manufacturing processes or updated technologies. Full or partial demolition is commonplace, resulting in industrial areas characterized by buildings with widely varying dates of construction and reflecting different industries and contexts over time. Industrial Building Typology: Warehouses The function of warehouse buildings revolves around storing and transporting goods (e.g., storing, processing, distributing, and sometimes light manufacturing). A number of factors have historically influenced their design. Fire safety and theft prevention needs have resulted in builders using thick masonry walls and slow-burning materials, such as iron for doors and shutters. Evolving construction technologies have allowed builders to update warehouse construction materials throughout the 20th century as mentioned early, evolving from early-century load-bearing brick to concrete construction that continued throughout the mid-century era (Page & Turnbull, Inc. 2009:93). During the mid-twentieth century, warehouse design underwent significant change in response to economic pressures for cost reduction and the movement of warehousing and other industrial operations from the urban core to the suburbs and other peripheral zones. In this process, one-story buildings with concrete floors and ceilings rising 20 feet or more became the norm. The use of forklift trucks and pallets became standardized in warehousing. Climate control technology and artificial lighting reduced the number of windows or eliminated them entirely. Sprawling warehouse buildings in suburban industrial zones might be screened from view at the street by office wings or vegetative set-backs. In other cases, a public entry or office might be ensconced in one corner of the building. As architectural historian Betsy Hunter Bradley explains, in other portions of most offices associated with warehouse buildings, “freight doors, truck docks, and railroad sidings became the Page 9 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 160 South Linden Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ only features,” while “brick and other siding materials enclosed bland, unstyled” buildings “intended to blend in with nearby commercial and industrial structures” (Bradley 2004:1432). Due to the advancement of building materials in the post-World War II era, low-cost prefabrication options further stripped warehouse facades. They became simple utilitarian buildings with uncomplicated footprints, boxed massing, flat roofs, and modest siding or exposed concrete or concrete block (Munce 1960:47–48). Other key features of post-war warehouse industrial buildings might include: • a rectangular footprint; • one-story height; • simple massing; • raised foundation with loading docks; • roll-up doors for vehicular use; • minimal fenestration or complete lack of windows; • utilitarian style, often with no ornamentation; • prefabricated materials; • and simple siding. Site History In 1935, the E. I. du Pont de Nemours Company purchased seven acres of land on Linden Avenue to construct three buildings to establish a varnish and lacquer plant. The extant U-shaped chemical plant and ancillary building at 160 South Linden Avenue was constructed in 1940. The earliest historic aerial photograph of the subject parcel is dated 1946, four years after the construction of the two buildings. The photograph shows these buildings along with a large rectangular structure off the west façade of the U-shaped building and a square-shaped structure in the center of the courtyard of the U-shaped building. The subject parcel is shown surrounded by other industrial complexes as well as vacant land (UC Santa Barbara 2020a). A right-of-way for a SPRR spur and branch lines serving adjacent industrial complexes had been established several years prior to the northwest of the subject property, and rails were installed by 1947. During the 1950s, other businesses began operating on the subject parcel, including Vannucci Brothers (a concrete company) and Duco & Refinishing Distributors. In 1955, a fire broke out at the U-shaped chemical plant when solvent was poured into a grinding machine and it ignited, but there was no structural damage to the building (The Times [San Mateo] 1955:2). In 1958, a $49,350 addition was made to 160 South Linden Avenue’s resin-manufacturing building which added three new resin tanks (The Times [San Mateo] 1958:15). Historic aerial photographs from 1980 show that the square-shaped courtyard structure had been removed and by 2002, the large rectangular structure off the west façade had also been removed (no further information about the use of these structures was found). By 2000, du Pont sold the parcel to what would become a series of owners which also reflected a change in uses at the U-shaped building, including light manufacturing and transportation. A number of interior improvements were made to the U-shaped building along with improvements to the parcel to accommodate these new uses. By 2010, aerial photographs show the majority of the parcel had been paved and striped to accommodate large transportation vehicles. In 2012, the tour bus barn (repair shop) and a tour bus barn (bus wash) were added to serve Compass Transportation’s fleet of buses. It is unclear what date the nearby SPRR spur was decommissioned, although it appears that the tracks were removed by 2000 (UC Santa Barbara 2020). (Additional site history specific to the SPRR spur is presented in the associated Linear Feature Record.) Page 10 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 160 South Linden Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Ownership and Occupant History The owners and occupants of the subject property are summarized in the tables below, which encompass the industrial parcel (addressed as 160 South Linden Avenue). Ownership information for the parcel was gathered through tax assessor’s data and permit/site records obtained at the City of South San Francisco Building Division. Occupant information for the U-shaped chemical plant was gathered through a combination of available directories and reverse directories, and building permits.2 160 South Linden Avenue Occupant Year Occupant 1940 du Pont de Nemours I E & Co Linden 1955 Distributors, Duco & Refinishing 1956 Vannucci Bros. 1959 E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company 1965 160 S. Linden Du Pont de Nemours Factory 1991 Du Pont De Nemours E I & Co. 1991-94 160 S Linden Du Pond De Nemours E I & Co 1996-99 Du Pont, Kansai 2009 #103 Good Samaritan Medical Supply 2011 Veolia Transportation 2011 Compass Transportation G. Hensler & Company 2 Due to closures and restrictions resulting from Covid-19 and shelter-in-place orders, research in city directories was provided to the author by staff at the South San Francisco Library. Page 11 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 160 South Linden Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ 160 South Linden Avenue Ownership Year Owner 6/13/2018 LPGS Tanforan LLC 3/16/2009 - 6/13/2018 Linden Station LLC 8/29/2003 Intrinsic Deerfield 106 8/29/2003 Donna K McIntosh Trust 8/29/2003 McIntosh Trust 8/29/2003 Wendel K Nicolaus 8/29/2003 Lissa G Nicolaus 8/29/2003 Loyola Ventures LLC 8/29/2003 Bruce G Potter Trust 8/29/2003 Elizabeth B Potter Trust 8/29/2003 Potter Trust 8/29/2003 Bianchi Joint Venture 3/13/2001 -3/13/2001 Intrinsic Inc 3/13/2001 -3/13/2001 Bruce G Potter Trust 3/13/2001 -3/13/2001 Elizabeth B Potter Trust 3/13/2001 -3/13/2001 Potter Trust 3/13/2001 -3/13/2001 Intrinsic Deerfield One Sixty LLC 3/13/2001 -3/13/2001 Bianchi Joint Venture 2/9/2001 - 3/13/2001 Loyola Ventures LLC 1/31/2001 - 2/9/2001 Bianchi Joint Venture 1/23/2001 - 1/31/2001 Bianchi Joint Venture; Lissa G Nicolaus; Wendel K Nicolaus; McIntosh Family Trust; Donna K McIntosh Trust; Arthur T McIntosh III Trust; Intrinsic Inc 10/18/2000 - 1/23/2001 Intrinsic Incorporated 9/29/2000 - 10/18/2000 E I Du Pont De Nemours & Co De The E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company is one of the oldest and most well-known chemical companies still operating in the United States. Founded in 1802, the company began as a maker of gunpowder and explosives, and grew into a diversified company involved in chemicals, synthetic fibers, polymers, and biotech products, as well as petroleum and natural gas. DuPont is credited with several important discoveries, including Nylon, which was created in 1930 by a polymer research group headed by Wallace H. Carothers (Funding History 2020). In 1956, the Vannucci Brothers Concrete Construction Company also operated out of the building. Lawrence Vannucci (b. 1889), “the concrete pillar,” was an influential Bay Area figure. In addition to supplying concrete for the development of California’s massive freeway system, Vannucci had business offices in five cities, and served as the director of First National Bank of Daly City. He was active in civic organizations and was an honorary supervisor of San Mateo County (San Francisco Examiner 1966:56). Beginning in the late 1990s, the building served multiple tenants who worked principally in light manufacturing and transportation. The Compass Transportation company began operating at the building circa 2010. Established in 1976, the company operates shuttle services for private employers around the San Francisco Bay Area (Compass Transportation. 2020). Other tenants included Good Samaritan Medical Supply and G. Hensler & Company, a fashion accessories contract manufacturer and designer, servicing retail and wholesale firms throughout the world (G Hensler & CO 2020). Page 12 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 160 South Linden Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ No pertinent information was found on the owners subsequent to E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company. All the subsequent owners appear to have purchased the property for investment purposes. Evaluation of 160 South Linden Avenue The subject property is not currently listed in the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR) or the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), nor was it previously evaluated and found eligible. The following discussion provides an evaluation of the subject property under CRHR Criteria 1–4 and NRHP Criteria A-D for individual eligibility. This evaluation does not address the potential of the historic property as a contributor to a historic district. CRITERIA 1/A (Events) Under CRHR Criterion 1/A, the subject property at 160 South Linden Avenue does not appear to be associated with any event(s) significant in history. The extant U-shaped chemical plant building and ancillary building were constructed as a chemical plant in 1940 for the E. I. du Pont de Nemours Company, along with a large rectangular structure off the west façade of the U-shaped building and a square-shaped structure in the center of the courtyard of the U-shaped building that are non-extant. The U-shaped chemical plant and ancillary building were constructed in a period when businesses began relocating to South San Francisco from San Francisco to take advantage of land and buildings available for these industries during and immediately after WWII. While these buildings constitute a part of South San Francisco’s industrial development, they were constructed well after South San Francisco established itself as an “Industrial City” in the 1920s. While the buildings were part of a move toward chemicals and light manufacturing, they do not represent a significant change from the type of industrial uses associated with steel or metals which preceded the construction at 160 South Linden Avenue in South San Francisco. In addition, the du Pont was not unique in terms of chemical manufacturing in the city. Other chemical companies were located in the immediate area at around the same time as du Pont (E.F. Houghton & Company; Gamlen Chemical; and others). Likewise, the Vannucci Brothers Concrete Construction Company was an important supplier of concrete for the construction of California’s freeway system; however, the subject building was one of many Bay Area locations where the company operated. Overall, research did not yield evidence that the property is associated with any events or patterns of events that have historical significance. Therefore, the subject property is not individually significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria A/1. CRITERIA 2/B (Persons) Properties eligible for listing in the CRHR for association with a historically significant individual are typically properties where such an individual performed the work or other activities for which he or she is known. The subject property at 160 South Linden Avenue appear to lack associative value related to their employees. Likewise, none of the known owners of the parcel appear to be especially influential within the context of industrial development in South San Francisco, with the possible exceptions of the E. I. du Pont de Nemours Company and Lawrence Vannucci While E. I. du Pont de Nemours Company is one of the most important chemical and synthetics companies in the United States, they originated over a century before the building was constructed and the building has no ties to any key historical persons that influenced the development of the company. The building was primarily used for resins and finishes and is not associated with any of the main discoveries (such as Nylon) which made du Pont famous. In addition, Likewise, the Vannucci Brothers Concrete Construction Company was an important supplier of concrete for the construction of California’s freeway system and the founder was active in local communities; however, the subject building doesn’t appear to have any specific ties to Lawrence Vannucci’s role in the community. In sum, no person or person(s) associated with E. I. du Pont de Nemours Company or Vannucci Brothers appears to have had a sustained association with the subject property to the extend necessary to imbue significance under Criteria 2/B. Nor Page 13 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 160 South Linden Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ was it the site of any major developments that influenced the growth or reputation of the companies. And research yielded no evidence that the building has any significant association with any other significant persons. Therefore, the subject property is not individually significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria B/2. CRITERIA 3/C (Design/Construction) The subject property at 160 South Linden Avenue lacks distinctive architectural character and aesthetic value. Although the original architect of the subject property is unknown, the subject building does not appear to represent the work of a master architect or designer or builder. The extant factory building dating to the early development of the site by du Pont is a simple U-shaped utilitarian building clad in corrugated metal siding and constructed to maximize square footage and the space necessary to safely operate machines and process hazardous chemicals. As was typical of 20th century industrial architecture, the building was refined and updated to maximize efficiency and profit and to accommodate new uses and technologies. The building has been continually altered throughout its existence to accommodate the changing needs of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and later to adapt to new tenants and transportation uses. Overall, the subject property reflects common building designs and construction methods, which are found throughout industrial areas in many American cities. The buildings associated with the early factory use of the property do not embody a noteworthy type or method of construction, nor are they associated with any significant designers or builders. Lastly, the buildings constructed to support the relatively recent transportation use are not 45 years or older in age. Therefore, the subject property is not individually significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria C/3. CRITERIA 4/D (Information Potential) The subject property at 30 Tanforan Avenue does not have the potential to provide further information that would promote a deeper understanding of the history of the built environment. The property contains age-eligible buildings that are common examples of a 20th century industrial design and would not yield information important the historic development of the property or the city. Therefore, the subject property is not significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria D/4. This evaluation does not apply to the potential for archaeological discovery the property. A full analysis of archaeological value is beyond the scope of this report. Conclusion Based on an evaluation outlined above, the subject property at 160 South Linden Avenue is ineligible for individual listing in the CRHR/NRHP. The property is therefore not a historical resource for the purposes of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), in accordance with Section 15064.5(a)(2)-(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, using the criteria outlined in Section 5024.1 of the California Public Resources Code. *B12. References (continued): Bamburg, B. L. ND. South San Francisco Historic Preservation Survey 1985 – 1986: A Comprehensive Study of History and Architecture. City of South San Francisco: CA. Blum, J. 1984. South San Francisco: The Making of an Industrial City. In California History 63(2): Pages 114-134. Bradley, Betsy Hunter. 1999. The Works: The Industrial Architecture of the United States. Oxford University Press, New York, New York. Bradley, Betsy Hunter. 2004. Warehouse. In R. Stephen Sennott (ed.), Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century Architecture, Volume 3, P-Z. R. Fitzroy Dearborn, New York, New York. City of South San Francisco. 2020. Historic Articles: General History. Available here: https://www.ssf.net/our-city/about- south-san-francisco/history/historical-articles. Accessed: June 23, 2020. Page 14 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 160 South Linden Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Compass Transportation. 2020. About Us. Available: https://www.compasstransportation.net/commuter. Accessed: July 3, 2020. Funding History. 2020. E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company History. Available: http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/e-i-du-pont-de-nemours-company-history/. Accessed. July 3, 2020. G Hensler & CO. 2020. About. Available: http://ghensler.com/about/. Accessed. July 3, 2020. Kious, J. ND. “Lindenville.” Available here: https://www.ssf.net/our-city/about-south-san-francisco/history/historical-articles. Accessed: June 23, 2020. Martinson, Tom. 2009. Atlas of American Architecture. Rizzoli Publications, New York, New York. Munce, James F. 1960. Industrial Architecture: An Analysis of International Building Practice. F. W. Dodge Corporation, New York, New York. Oakland Tribune (Oakland, California). 1942. “Lubricant Firm Opens S.F. Plant.” June 26. Nationwide Environmental Title Research, LLC. 1946–2005. 160 South Linden Avenue, CA. Aerial photograph. Historic Aerials Viewer. Available: https://www.historicaerials.com/viewer. Accessed: July 1, 2020. Page & Turnbull, Inc. 2009. South of Market Area, San Francisco, California Historic Context Statement. Final. Prepared for City and County of San Francisco Planning Department. ParcelQuest. 2020. 160 South Linden Avenue, South San Francisco, CA 94080. Available: https://www.parcelquest.com/. Accessed: July 1, 2020. Rappaport, Nina. 2004. Factory. In R. Stephen Sennott (ed.), Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century Architecture, Volume 1, A-F. R. Fitzroy Dearborn, New York, New York. San Francisco Examiner (San Francisco, California). 1935. “Du Pont Purchase Largest In Years.” July 27. ———. 1943. “Help Wanted.” July 11. ———. 1947. “Six Tanneries Hit By Strikes.” January 21. ———. 1953. “Mrs. Poetsche Estate Filed.” February 24. ———. 1966. “Lawrence Vannucci At 77.” January 16. ———. 1973. “Harry Gamlen Rites.” January 15. ———. 1985. “Foreign Competition, environmental laws tanned their hide.” December 4. SurveyLA. 2018. Los Angeles Citywide Historic Context Statement, Context: Industrial Development, 1850-1980. Prepared for the City of Los Angeles, Department of City Planning, Office of Historic Resources. September 2011, revised February 2018. The Times (San Mateo, California). 1949. “DuPont Plans SSF Expansion.” April 1. ———. 1947. “Deadlock in Tan Strike.” January 30. Page 15 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 160 South Linden Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ ———. 1955. “$75,000 Fire Razes SSF Chemical Plant.” June 12. ———. 1958. “Building in S.S.F. Heads For Record.” August 12. ———. 1960. “S.S.F. Opening New Company.” April 23. ———. 1963. “New Product for S.S.F. Firm.” August 26. ———. 1972a. “Companies Told To Push Negative.” April 24. ———. 1972b. “New Headquarters Started.” April 24. ———. 1975. “Gamlen Chemical Expands.” January 24. UC Santa Barbara. 2020a. “FrameFinder.” Flight DDB, Frame 2B-135, October 11, 1943. Accessed June 19, 2020. Available: http://mil.library.ucsb.edu/ap_indexes/FrameFinder/. ———. 2020b. “FrameFinder.” Flight CAS-65-130, Frame 1-51, May 11, 1965. Accessed June 19, 2020. Available: http://mil.library.ucsb.edu/ap_indexes/FrameFinder/. Page 16 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 160 South Linden Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Additional Figures: Figure 2. Aerial view of industrial parcel at 160 South Linden Avenue, outlined in yellow, facing north. Source: San Mateo County Property Maps Portal, 2020; edited by ICF. Figure 3. View of the western half of south façade of the U-Shaped building at 160 Linden Avenue, showing the industrial building style and materials. Source: Marx/Okubo Associates, Inc. August 29, 2018. Page 17 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 160 South Linden Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Figure 4. Exterior Metal Staircase located in the courtyard of the U-shaped building at 160 Linden Avenue. Source: Marx/Okubo Associates, Inc. August 29, 2018. Figure 5. Ancillary Building, facing West from Linden Avenue. Source: Google Earth, 2020. Page 1 of 6 *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) Southern Pacific Railroad Colma Segment Spur Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 19, 2020 DPR 523E (1/95) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ LINEAR FEATURE RECORD Trinomial L1. Historic and/or Common Name: Southern Pacific Railroad Colma Segment Spur L2a. Portion Described: Entire Resource  Segment  Point Observation Designation: b. Location of point or segment: (Provide UTM coordinates, legal description, and any other useful locational data. Show the area that has been field inspected on a Location Map) Located in the south part of South San Francisco, just north of the San Bruno boarder. The resource extends northeast of South Maple Avenue, past Victory Avenue, and terminates south of Colma Creek. L3. Description: (Describe construction details, materials, and artifacts found at this segment/point. Provide plans/sections as appropriate.) Located in South San Francisco, San Mateo County, California, the subject resource is a former railroad spur adjacent to the Southern Pacific Railroad (SPRR) main line of the Southern Pacific Railroad SPRR Colma Segment. The subject spur is no longer extant. (See Continuation Sheet) L4. Dimensions: (In feet for historic features and meters for prehistoric features)\ a. Top Width: N/A (non-extant) b. Bottom Width: N/A (non-extant) c. Height or Depth: N/A (non-extant) d. Length of Segment: N/A (non-extant) L5. Associated Resources: The following parcels: 30, 50, and 54 Tanforan Avenue; 240 Dollar Avenue; 160 South Linden Avenue; and 325 South Maple Avenue L6. Setting: (Describe natural features, landscape characteristics, slope, etc., as appropriate.) (See Continuation Sheet) L7. Integrity Considerations: (See Continuation Sheet) L8b. Description of Photo, Map, or Drawing (View, scale, etc.) Sketch map showing subject SPRR Colma Segment spur. Source: ICF. L9. Remarks: None L10. Form Prepared by: (Name, affiliation, and address) Andrea Dumovich, ICF 201 Mission Street, Suite 1500 San Francisco, CA 94105 L11. Date: June 19, 2020 L4e. Sketch of Cross-Section (include scale) The subject rail is no longer extant and therefore no sketch of cross-section is provided. Page 2 of 6 *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) Southern Pacific Railroad Colma Segment Spur *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 19, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ L3. Description (continued): Because railroad systems comprise many parts, this section both describes the subject resource and defines the terminology used to refer to the various components. The subject resource (no longer extant) included a railroad spur and a series of branches that previously intersected and provided access to and from multiple industrial parcels. The subject resource was a spur off the adjacent Southern Pacific Railroad (SPRR) Colma Segment which was part of the larger rail corridor between San Francisco and San Jose. The SPRR Colma Segment was originally located at the western terminus of the subject resource, in a north-south alignment, and will be referred to as “SPRR Colma Segment.” Part of the segment’s infrastructure was likely removed before the year 2000, and the Centennial Way Trail walking path was installed in its place above an underground BART line. The SPRR Bayshore Cutoff, a north-south aligned railway which is also part of the SPRR corridor between San Francisco and San Jose, is located to the east of the subject resource but does not appear to have included a direct connection or intersection with the subject resource. It will be referred to as the “SPRR Bayshore Cutoff.” The subject resource contained one spur line that will be referred to as “SPRR Colma Segment spur”; see sketch map on page 1 for the visual depiction. The smaller branch lines that connected the SPRR Colma Segment spur to various industrial complexes will be referred to as “small branches.” This Department of Parks and Recreation form will refer to the entirety of the subject resource—SPRR Colma Segment spur and the small branches—as the “SPRR spur.” The entire length of the SPRR spur was approximately 0.60 miles. Beginning at the former SPRR Colma Segment, the subject SPRR spur extended northeast between numerous industrial parcels, with multiple small branch lines that entered industrial parcels to the south. The SPRR spur ran approximately 0.30 mile at an angel to the northeast before it curved north and ran parallel to South Maple Avenue (west) and South Linden Avenue (east) for an additional 0.30 mile, terminating north of Victory Avenue. San Francisco & San Jose Railroad Company/Southern Pacific Railroad Historic Context The following is excerpted from Southern Pacific Railroad, San Francisco to Gilroy Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) 523A Update Sheet and 523L Continuation Sheet forms as part of the FJ HSR = California High-Speed Rail Historical Architectural Survey Report: San Francisco to San Jose Section (JRP 2019) by JRP Historical Consulting, LLC. It provides a brief history of the development of the railroad system in South San Francisco that includes the subject resource. Information in brackets is provided by the author for clarity or to indicate irrelevant text that has been cropped out of the excerpt. In 1864, the San Francisco & San Jose Railroad Company built a railroad along the San Francisco Peninsula between San Francisco and San Jose [(SFSJ)]. A few years later Southern Pacific Railroad acquired the line and extended it from San Jose to points south, with SPRR trains starting regular service to Gilroy in 1869 (JRP 2002; Heath 1945). The current track alignment is the same as the original SFSJ/SPRR route along nearly all of the peninsula, through San Jose, and down the Santa Clara Valley to Gilroy. The exception is that a portion of the original route once ran through what is now Colma and Daly City, west of the current rail line [(referred to as the SPRR Colma Segment in this DPR)] ...The SFSJ built this original line through Colma to avoid difficult terrain along the bay shore. Forty years later, the subsequent owner of the line, SPRR was able to construct along the bay shore and completed the Bayshore Cutoff in 1907 [(referred to as the SPRR Bayshore Cutoff in this DPR)]. The Bayshore Cutoff created a more direct route into San Francisco, eliminating the longer, steeper Colma route in favor of a shorter route east of San Bruno Mountain that included tunnels through the rough topography. The cutoff route is part of the current Caltrain line and is […]between San Bruno and San Francisco. SPRR eventually abandoned the old Colma segment, which was sometimes called the San Bruno Branch. The SFSJ/SPRR rail corridor shared the peninsula and Santa Clara Valley with local roads and trails when it was first constructed in the 1860s, and the railroad provided an important, and the only, all-weather connection to other parts of the state and nation through the 1870s and 1880s. [Since its construction] stations have been added and removed from the alignment. […]Through more than a century of ownership, SPRR constructed additional grade separations and new stations. SPRR, and Caltrain starting in the 1990s, have installed new crossing and control equipment, and have implemented system-wide replacement of track, ties, and roadbed with modern materials. No trackage remains from the original construction. The [majority of the Page 3 of 6 *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) Southern Pacific Railroad Colma Segment Spur *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 19, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ current] rail between San Francisco and Gilroy dates to the mid twentieth century and after, except for a few hundred yards that may date to 1907 (JRP 2019: 2-3).1 Railroad Spurs A railroad spur is defined as a “short sidetrack built to access an individual industrial facility, warehouse, or another property” (Ver Planck Historic Preservation Consulting 2018:2). In the early 1900s, the SPRR, Santa Fe Railroad, and Western Pacific Railroad maintained a stiff rivalry to gain railroad spur rights of way, both for the sake of expanding infrastructure and for blocking competing railroad companies’ ownership. As early as 1910 and continuing through the 1920s, railroad companies, including the SPRR, constructed warehouses along the ports in San Francisco and around the San Francisco Bay for their rail infrastructure. These warehouses often included rail spurs that terminated within a property’s boundary. Between 1906 and 1929, the companies constructed hundreds of rails spurs in San Francisco alone. Warehouses that included SPRR spurs continued to be developed in the San Francisco Bay Area through the middle of the twentieth century (Ver Planck Historic Preservation Consulting 2018:4, 28). The subject resource is a rail spur that split from the SPRR Colma Segment (non-extant) to connect to the various industrial-use complexes located along Tanforan Ave. between S. Maple and S. Linden Streets. SPRR Spur Site History An 1892 USGS map shows the original 1864 SFSJ/SPRR main line tracks (referred to as the SPRR Colma Segment in L3. Description, above) were located just west of the present-day subject resource location and continued northwest through Colma (USGS 1892). By 1907, SPRR completed the Bayshore Cutoff route between San Bruno and San Francisco, which passed the present-day subject resource location to the east. The SPRR Bayshore Cutoff tracks are visible in a 1915 USGS map, which also shows the original SFSJ/SPRR main line (SPRR Colma Segment) (Figure 1) (USGS 1915). The Bayshore Cutoff split from the original SFSJ/SPRR main line, just south of the present-day subject resource location, in San Bruno. USGS maps dated 1915 and 1939 do not include the subject SPRR spur and branch lines because they were not present at that time (USGS 1915; USGS 1939). 1943 is the earliest historic aerial photograph that shows the right-of-way for the subject SPRR spur and branch lines, and by 1947 a USGS map shows the subject SPRR spur and branch lines had been constructed by that time (Figures 2 and 3) (UC Santa Barbara 2020a; USGS 1947). Therefore, the build date of the subject SPRR spur is circa 1947. A 1950 Sanborn map confirms the subject spur was designated as part of SPRR, noted as “SP Co Spur” (Sanborn Map Company 1950: 30). A 1956 USGS map reveals that the subject SPRR spur was extended slightly further north (Figure 4) (USGS 1956). Later dated USGS maps do not include the subject SPRR spur. It is unknown when the spur was decommissioned and the rails were removed. Historic aerials show that much of the subject SPRR spur and its branches appear to have been removed by 2000 (UC Santa Barbara 2020b). In 2009, the 2.85 mile Centennial Way park was built over the former SPRR Colma Segment to the west of the subject resource (City of South San Francisco n.d.). Today, the alignment of the former subject SPRR spur right-of-way south of Victory Avenue is partially visible, but the infrastructure (including the rails) is no longer extant. Evaluation JRP’s 2019 DPR 523A Update Sheet and 523L Continuation Sheet forms evaluated most of original SFSJ/SPRR main line from San Francisco to San Jose, (excluding the original Colma Segment and including the SPRR Bayshore Cutoff). JRP concluded that, based on previous historic studies, the SFSJ/SPRR main line and SPRR Bayshore Cutoff does not retain integrity and no longer conveys an association with development from its historic time period. The evaluation notes that the rail line has been highly altered in the following ways: construction of the Bayshore Cutoff forty years after the original construction (which includes the Colma Segment); addition of new grade separations and train stations; and new crossing and control equipment under Caltrans as well as a “system-wide replacement of tracks, ties, and roadbed with modern materials” in the 1990s. Because minimal “trackage remains from the original construction,” JRP found that the SFSJ/SPRR main line (excluding the Colma Segment) and SPRR Bayshore Cutoff corridor is not eligible for listing in the NRHP/CRHR as a historic district and it is not a historic resource under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) (JRP 2019: 2-13). 1 It is unknown by ICF where the 1907 rail remains extant. However, since the subject rail (which dates to circa 1947) has been fully removed from the project site, there is no possibility that the extant 1907 rail infrastructure would be relevant to this resource evaluation. Page 4 of 6 *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) Southern Pacific Railroad Colma Segment Spur *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 19, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Because the SPRR Colma Segment and the subject SPRR Spur are no longer extant they are also not eligible for listing in the NRHP/CRHR as a historic district or individual historic resources. L6. Setting (continued): The setting of the subject SPRR spur (non-extant) is urban and characterized mainly by a mix of industrial, residential, and transit uses. Industrial parcels are located along the former spur’s alignment (see L5. Associated Resources). The former spur is immediately flanked by the SPRR Colma Segment at its western terminus, and the SPRR Bayshore Cutoff to the east. Colma Creek is located to the north of the former spur, and SFO is located to the east across Highway 101. A residential housing tract is located immediately to the south of the subject resource, across Tanforan Ave., and the Caltrain San Bruno Station and associated railroad tracks are located further south across Interstate 380. L7. Integrity Considerations (continued): The SPRR spur is no longer extant, therefore it does not retain integrity. References: City of South San Francisco. No Date. “Centeninial Way,” available: https://www.ssf.net/home/showdocument?id=250#:~:text=Centennial%20Way%20is%20a%20beautiful,completed%20in%20May%20of%202009. Accessed: June 24, 2020. JRP. 2019. Southern Pacific Railroad, San Francisco to Gilroy DPRs for the FJ HSR. California High-Speed Rail Historical Architectural Survey Report: San Francisco to San Jose. Sanborn Map Company. 1950. Insurance Maps of South San Francisco, California. Sheet 30. New York: Sanborn Map Company. UC Santa Barbara. 2020a. “FrameFinder.” Flight DDB, Frame 2B-135, October 11, 1943. Accessed June 19, 2020. Available: http://mil.library.ucsb.edu/ap_indexes/FrameFinder/. ———. 2020b. “FrameFinder.” Flight HM, Frame 1123-215, June 26, 2000. Accessed June 19, 2020. Available: http://mil.library.ucsb.edu/ap_indexes/FrameFinder/. United States Geological Survey (USGS). 1892. San Mateo Quadrangle, California. (1:62,500) Topographic Quadrangle Map. Culture Surveyed 1892. ———. 1915. San Mateo Quadrangle, California. (1:62,500) Topographic Quadrangle Map. Culture Surveyed 1892, revised 1914. ———. 1939. San Mateo Quadrangle, California. (1:62,500) Topographic Quadrangle Map. Culture Surveyed 1938-1939. ———. 1947. San Francisco South Quadrangle, California. 7.5 Minute Series (1:24,000) Topographic Quadrangle Map. ———. 1956. San Francisco South Quadrangle, California. 7.5 Minute Series (1:24,000) Topographic Quadrangle Map. Ver Planck Historic Preservation Consulting. 2018. San Francisco Street-Level Railroad Tracks Historical Study. Final. February 16. Prepared for San Francisco Public Works. Figures: Page 5 of 6 *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) Southern Pacific Railroad Colma Segment Spur *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 19, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Figure 1. An 1892 USGS map of the San Mateo Quadrangle, zoomed in on the border of South San Francisco and San Bruno. This map shows the SPRR Colma Segment to the east of the project location. The blue pin is located at the approximate location of the subject SPRR Spur. Source: USGS 1892. Figure 2. An 1915 USGS map of the San Mateo Quadrangle, zoomed in on the border of South San Francisco and San Bruno. The blue pin is located at the approximate location of the subject SPRR Spur. This map shows the SPRR Colma Segment to the west and the SPRR Bayshore Cutoff to the east of the project location. Source: USGS 1915. Page 6 of 6 *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) Southern Pacific Railroad Colma Segment Spur *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 19, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Figure 3. A 1943 aerial image shows the SPRR Spur right of way. Top arrow points to the spur line and bottom two arrows point to some of the spur’s branches. Source: University of California, Santa Barbara, 2020 (“FrameFinder,” Flight DDB, Frame 2B-135, October 11, 1943). Figure 4. An 1956 USGS map of the San Francisco South Quadrangle, zoomed in near the border of South San Francisco and San Bruno. The blue circle outlines the location of the subject SPRR Spur and branches. This map shows the SPRR Colma Segment to the west and the Bayshore Cutoff to the east. Source: USGS 1956. Page 1 of 16 *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 30 Tanforan Avenue *P11. Report Citation: ICF. 2020. Southline Specific Plan Project Draft Environmental Impact Report. November. Prepared for the City of South San Francisco, California. *Attachments: NONE  Location Map  Sketch Map  Continuation Sheet  Building, Structure, and Object Record  Archaeological Record District Record  Linear Feature Record  Milling Station Record  Rock Art Record  Artifact Record  Photograph Record DPR 523A (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # ____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # _______________________________________ PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial _____________________________________ NRHP Status Code __________ Other Listings __________ Review Code __________ Reviewer ____________________________ Date ___________ P1. Other Identifier: 30-40 Tanforan Avenue; 347 and 349 S. Maple Avenue *P2. Location:  Not for Publication  Unrestricted *a. County San Mateo *b. USGS 7.5’ Quad San Francisco South, CA Date 2018 T R ¼ of ¼ of Sec B.M. c. Address: 30 Tanforan Avenue City South San Francisco Zip 94080 d. UTM: (give more than one for large and/or linear resources) Zone 10 S; 551513.22 mE/ 4166075.58 mN e. Other Locational Data: (e.g., parcel #, directions to resource, elevation, etc., as appropriate) Assessor’s parcel number (APN) 014‐250‐090 *P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries) The subject resource evaluated in this Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) form is one of six adjacent parcels and one linear resource, which are evaluated in separate DPR forms. The subject parcel evaluated in this DPR contains the following four resources: 1) an administrative office building (built in 1963) addressed as 30 Tanforan Avenue; 2) an industrial warehouse (built in circa 1956) addressed as 40 Tanforan Avenue; 3) an industrial warehouse (built in circa 1965) addressed as 347 S. Maple Avenue; and 4) an industrial warehouse (built in 1959) addressed as 349 S. Maple Avenue (Figure 1 and Figure 2). (See Continuation Sheet) *P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) HP8. Industrial Building *P4. Resources Present:  Building  Structure  Object  Site  District  Element of District  Other P5b. Figure 1: 30 Tanforan Avenue (left) and 40 Tanforan Avenue (right), south facades, facing northwest. Source: Google, March 2019. *P6. Date Constructed/Age and Sources: Historic  Prehistoric  Both 1963 (30 Tanforan Avenue), source: building permit; c.1956 (40 Tanforan Aveue), source: historic aerial - NETR 1956; c.1965 (347 S. Maple Avenue), source: historic aerial – UC Santa Barbara 2020b; 1959 (349 S. Maple Avenue), source: building permit. *P7. Owner and Address: LPGS Tanforan LLC 644 Menlo Avenue, 2nd Floor Menlo Park, CA 94025 *P8. Recorded by: (Name, affiliation, address) Andrea Dumovich, ICF 201 Mission Street, Suite 1500 San Francisco, CA 94105 *P9. Date Recorded: June 19, 2020 *P10. Survey Type: Intensive P5a. Photograph or Drawing (Photograph required for buildings, structures and objects) Page 2 of 16 *NRHP Status Code 6Z *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 30 Tanforan Avenue DPR 523B (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ BUILDING, STRUCTURE, AND OBJECT RECORD B1. Historic Name: Colorado Fuel & Iron Corporation; All West Container Co. B2. Common Name: 30 Tanforan Avenue B3. Original Use: Administrative offices; Steel Wire Industrial Plant B4. Present Use: Used car dealer and additional unknown industrial uses *B5. Architectural Style: Utilitarian/industrial *B6. Construction History: (Construction date, alteration, and date of alterations) (See Continuation Sheet) *B7. Moved?  No  Yes  Unknown Date: N/A Original Location: N/A *B8. Related Features: Concrete paving, trucks and/or shipping containers B9a. Architect: Unknown B9b. Builder: Unknown; Christenesen & Lyons, General Contractor for 30 Tanforan Avenue in 1959 *B10. Significance: Theme N/A Area N/A Period of Significance N/A Property Type N/A Applicable Criteria N/A Historic Context South San Francisco Industrial History South San Francisco’s industrial history begins in the 1890s when the South San Francisco Land and Improvement Company acquired land from what was part of Henry Miller’s vast land empire to build stockyards, meat packing facilities, and a company town. Since those beginnings, the meat packing industry has given way to steel, metals and construction, manufacturing, transportation, chemicals, and biotechnologies. Development within the city resulting from each industry gradually influenced the other industries and shaped the overall profile of South San Francisco as it exists today. This context discusses three key areas industries in South San Francisco: meat-packing and tanneries; construction materials, and chemical manufacturing. (See Continuation Sheet) B11. Additional Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) *B12. References: (See Continuation Sheet) B13. Remarks: N/A *B14. Evaluator: Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date of Evaluation: June 19, 2020 (This space reserved for official comments.) (Sketch Map with north arrow required.) Page 3 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 30 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 19, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ *P3a. Description (continued): The subject property is in the Lindenville area. It is located on an industrial parcel composed of an irregular-shaped lot that is surrounded by other industrial properties. The subject parcel is bound primarily by the following properties: 54 Tanforan Avenue (APN 014‐250‐050) and 50 Tanforan Avenue (APN 014‐250‐080) to the east and 325 S. Maple Avenue to the north (APN 014‐232‐030). Tanforan Avenue is south and S. Maple Avenue is west. A Southern Pacific Railroad (SPRR) spur line historically ran outside of the subject property’s parcel, along its northwest boundary, and contained two branch lines that entered the subject property. The SPRR spur line and branches are no longer extant, however it is described in detail in the linear resource record associated with this DPR. The majority of the parcel is surface paving, which is divided into building-specific lots by metal security fencing. Ornamental vegetation is located along the southern boundary of the parcel, along Tanforan Avenue. 30 Tanforan Avenue Administrative Office Building The administrative office building with the address 30 Tanforan Avenue is located at the parcel’s southwest corner. The one-story building has a rectangular-shaped footprint with a primary façade that faces south. The building is utilitarian in design and does not represent a specific architectural style (Figure 3). It is composed of precast concrete on its primary and rear (north) facades, and pebbledash siding over concrete block on its west and east facades (Figure 4). The building sits on an at-grade concrete foundation. The roof is flat and without eaves; both the west and east facades contain parapets at their rooflines. The building contains fenestration on all four facades which includes what appear to be rectangular, one-over-one aluminum-frame windows on the primary façade; rectangular, one-over-two metal-frame windows on the west façade; and three window openings on the east façade that are presently covered over with plywood. The rear façade contains a vehicular roll-down door and what appear to be multiple rectangular-shaped metal-frame windows. The main entrance is located on the primary façade, and appears to be composed of wood and a transom above. The entrance is concealed from view from the public right-of-way behind a wood privacy screen and concrete roof awning. A single, metal, pedestrian door is situated on the west façade. 40 Tanforan Avenue Industrial Warehouse Building The industrial warehouse building with the address 40 Tanforan Avenue is located at the center of the parcel. The one-story building over basement has an irregular-shaped footprint with a primary façade that faces south. The building is utilitarian in design and does not represent a specific architectural style (Figure 5). The building is constructed of reinforced concrete, with what appear to be concrete pilasters throughout its north, west, and east facades. The primary façade is clad in brick. The building contains a mostly flat roof with no eaves and a few skylight windows. The building overall contains minimal fenestration, which is mainly located at the primary façade and consists of two vehicular roll-down corrugated metal doors. The rear (north) façade contains a vehicular metal roll-down door and a single pedestrian door. There is also a small, square building projection at the building’s rear façade. 347 South Maple Avenue Industrial Warehouse Building The industrial warehouse with the address 347 South Maple Avenue is located at the parcel’s northeast boundary. The one-story building has an L-shaped footprint with a primary façade that faces south. The building is utilitarian in design and does not represent a specific architectural style (Figure 6). It is primarily clad in corrugated metal panels and sits on an at-grade concrete foundation. The building has a combination roof, with an end gable ridge capping the western portion of the building and a flat roof capping the east portion, including the short ell extension. The gable roof is clad in corrugated metal. The building contains fenestration on its primary, west, and rear (north) facades, which includes a mix of numerous sized vehicular roll-down metal doors. There appears to be a single metal-frame pedestrian door at the primary façade. The building does not include any windows. Page 4 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 30 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 19, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ 349 South Maple Avenue Industrial Warehouse Building The industrial warehouse with the address 349 Maple Avenue is located at the parcel’s northeast boundary, adjacent to 347 South Maple. The one-story building has a square-shaped footprint with primary façades that face west and north. The subject building is utilitarian in design and does not represent a specific architectural style (Figure 7). It is constructed of concrete block and sits on an at-grade concrete foundation. The roof form is raised at the center with parapets along its sides. The building contains minimal fenestration located on the north, south, and west facades, which includes a few vehicular roll-down corrugated metal doors, and metal-frame pedestrian doors. The building lacks windows throughout. The description above provides information regarding the four age-eligible buildings. The table below summarizes the buildings described above:1 Address Resource Type Location on Parcel Image and Façade Location Approximate Year Built 30 Tanforan Avenue Administrative Office Southwest corner 1963 40 Tanforan Avenue Industrial warehouse Center Circa 1956 347 S. Maple Industrial warehouse Northeast corner Circa 1965 1 Because of the industrial nature of the site, the table may exclude some mechanical equipment or affiliated structures that were not recorded in site plans or visible during the time of survey. The list is meant to provide an overview of the site’s primary features. Page 5 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 30 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 19, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Address Resource Type Location on Parcel Image and Façade Location Approximate Year Built 349 S. Maple Industrial warehouse Northeast corner 1959 *B6. Construction History (continued): The subject property’s existing industrial warehouse (40 Tanforan Avenue) is shown in a 1956 aerial photograph, however at that time its footprint was less than half of its existing size (NETR 1956). The subject property’s other three buildings currently on the parcel (30 Tanforan, 347 S. Maple, and 349 S. Maple avenues), were not built until circa 1965, as indicated by historic aerials (UC Santa Barbara 2020b). In 1965, the industrial warehouse at 40 Tanforan Avenue was expanded to its current footprint. The subject property’s four building footprints appear unchanged between 1965 and 2000. In 2000, the industrial warehouse (347 S. Maple Avenue) doubled in footprint to the east, which includes the flat-roof portion of the building (UC Santa Barbara 2020c). Relevant permits filed included the following: 1) 30 Tanforan Avenue: original permit for a 6,000 square foot office building (1963); at least one metal, non-illuminated sign was added to the building’s exterior (1966); ten windows were altered (6 enlarged and four added) (1985); 2) 40 Tanforan Avenue: west façade repair (1977); roof replaced with tar and gravel roofing material (1977) 3) 347 S. Maple Avenue: no permits listed under this address 4) 349 S. Maple Avenue: original building permit for a concrete building (1959) (filed under 30 Tanforan Avenue address) (South San Francisco 1959-1985). Per visual analysis, the roll-down metal doors at 40 Tanforan Avenue, 347 S. Maple Avenue, and 349 S. Maple Avenue appear to be replacements; the east windows at 30 Tanforan were removed at an unknown date; and exterior, corrugated metal cladding was added to 347 S. Maple Avenue in circa 2017. The SPRR spur right-of-way was in place during construction of the site but was demolished prior to 2000. The SPRR spur branch lines extended into the subject parcel in the early 1940s and were built along with the site’s early buildings that are no longer extant (USGS 1947). *B10. Significance (continued): Historic Context – continued South San Francisco’s first large industry was launched when Gustavus Swift, the meat magnate who developed the first refrigerated freight car, visited the area in 1887 with the aim of establishing meat packing houses and an industrial suburb in San Mateo County. The location had several advantages for Swift’s operation: it was close enough to San Francisco to reach the city’s markets, but far enough away to ensure commercial and political independence from the city. In addition, with prevailing winds from the west and the bay to the east, South San Francisco was geographically situated in a way which would mitigate the noxious fumes and effluents generated by industry. In 1891, the area, which Swift named South San Francisco, began filling with workers from “Butchertown”, located to the north in San Francisco’s Bayview Neighborhood, who were moving into the city’s industrial suburbs (Blum 1984). As population and industry expanded, meat packing developed many spin-off industries in South San Francisco, including tanneries, wool pulleries, and fertilizer plants, with many of the businesses Page 6 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 30 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 19, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ relocating from San Francisco’s Bayview Neighborhood. The Poetsch & Peterson Tannery is exemplary of many of the businesses that developed out of South San Francisco’s meat packing industry in being connected with the meat packing industry (in their use of hides) and in employing manual labor and chemical/industrial processes. South San Francisco also developed construction materials businesses beginning in the mid-1890s, when the Baden Brick Factory, the Molath Brick Company, and the South San Francisco Lumber Company established themselves in the city (0 ND). By 1907, completion of the 9.8-mile Southern Pacific Railroad Bayshore Cutoff connected South San Francisco’s industrial yards to San Francisco markets in the north. Further construction-related businesses soon emerged that were focused on the development of steel and metal foundries which were needed to supply materials to San Francisco as it rebuilt following the 1906 earthquake (Blum 1984:128; City of South San Francisco 2020a). In 1906, the Selby Smelting and Lead Company’s purchase of land on San Bruno Point raised concerns of pollution from South San Francisco landowners, prompting San Mateo County to pass an ordinance against smelting within County lines. In turn, the City of South San Francisco incorporated in 1908, exempting the City from the ordinance, and allowing the city’s industrial development to rapidly expand (Blum 1984:131). Beginning with Pacific Jupiter Steel (later Bethlehem Steel), South San Francisco’s foundry and metal production industries expanded to include the Meese and Gottfried Co., Pacific Car and Equipment, Shaw Batcher Steel (later United States Steel), the Edward Wire Rope Co. (which would provide cable for the Golden Gate Bridge), the Doak Sheet Metal Company, the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, and others. By the 1920s, South San Francisco was already celebrating its heavy industry, installing the first sign on Signal Hill reading “SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO THE INDUSTRIAL CITY” in 1923, and replacing it with sixty-foot high concrete letters in 1929 (Bamburg ND). The steel, metals, and materials industries received a boost from defense spending during both world wars, but particularly during WWII. In 1943, Bethlehem Steel was hiring mill helpers, hearth stockers, and yard laborers in support of the war effort at its South San Francisco plant (San Francisco Examiner 1943b:39), While some non-defense related metal and manufacturing employers like American Brake Shoe saw growth as well, others (such as Poetsch & Peterson) experienced difficulties due to war-time embargos on materials. With South San Francisco’s population doubling as defense workers poured into the city during WWII, the Federal Government built emergency housing at several locations. The developments were cheaply constructed and densely packed. Lindenville, a 720-unit development for 4,200 people, was constructed between Victory and Railroad Avenues as a series of barrack-like row units (Bamburg ND; Kious ND). Many of these emergency housing units were demolished after the war. At the conclusion of the WWII, industries continued to grow, as suburbanization in California produced demand for metals, concrete, lumber, and other materials. Vannucci Brothers Concrete Construction Company maintained a South San Francisco office while supplying concrete for the development of California’s massive freeway system (San Francisco Examiner 1966:56). In 1955, when Governor Goodwin Knight presented the “Man of Industry” award in front of 400 civic and industrial leaders he said, “For better or for worse, San Mateo county has made its choice for industry. You have voted to see smoke stacks rather than geraniums.” (The Times [San Mateo] 1955:1). However, his choice of recipient – M.W. Reece, vice-president of the South San Francisco’s Reinhold Chemical Corporation – illustrated a transition away from the smokes stacks which had defined the city through the war-era and towards the emergence of light industry: distribution centers, office parks, and chemicals. The “industrial city” was giving way to more light industry plants (like Stuart Manufacturing, Sun Tube Corp., Sees Candy, and Ray Winther Co.) as well as distribution business connected to the San Francisco Airport, which was constructed in 1953 (City of South San Francisco 2020). By the 1960s, heavy industry in South San Francisco was winding down (City of South San Francisco 2020). In 1981, the Bethlehem Steel building was torn down (City of South San Francisco 2020). South San Francisco’s chemical industry began developing in the mid-1930s. In 1935, the South San Francisco Land and Improvement company won out against Los Angeles County in enticing the E.I. du Pont de Nemours Company to purchase a seven-acre area on Linden Avenue (including the parcel containing 160 South Linden Avenue) to construct a varnish and lacquer plant (San Francisco Examiner 1935b:4) which was constructed by 1940. Meanwhile, other chemical companies were establishing local facilities on the west coast, often in the Bay View district of San Francisco. In 1935, the Gamlen Chemical Company, founded by Harry Gamlen, a Canadian-born engineer and inventor, began its operations in San Francisco (San Francisco Examiner 1973:41). E.F. Houghton & Co, a Pennsylvania chemical corporation specializing in industrial lubricants, mining lubricants, textile processing oils, tannery oils, and heat treating products, also located in San Francisco at Quint Street and Davidson Avenue (Oakland Tribune 1942:30). Following WWII, many of the light industry and chemical businesses located in San Francisco Bay View began to relocate to South San Francisco to take advantage of the large industrial yards now Page 7 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 30 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 19, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ available for non-war time production. In 1949, du Point expanded a further 5.8 acres in South San Francisco, occupying a corner of Dollar and Tanforan Avenues no longer used for war production to expand its west coast business operations. The post war boom brought demand for chemical products such as finishes for consumer products like cars, ships, and refrigerators (The Times [San Mateo] 1949:4). By the mid-1950s, Gamlen Chemical had relocated to 321 Victory Avenue (The Times [San Mateo] 1955:1) and E. I. du Pont de Nemours Paint was expanding on 160 South Linden Avenue. In 1958, the City of South San Francisco reported a record year for building permits, doubling the previous year’s amount (The Times [San Mateo] 1958:15). E.F. Houghton & Company opened their 300,000 square-foot manufacturing plant, laboratory, office building and storage yard, at the site of the former American Brake Shoe Company at 54 Tanforan Avenue in 1960 (The Times [San Mateo] 1960:11) and were soon launching a new line of aluminum lubricants (The Times [San Mateo] 1963:24). The 1960s also found Merk and Company’s Marine Magnesium Plant expanding in the city (City of South San Francisco 2020). By the mid-70s, E. F. Houghton & Company were hiring local chemistry and physics graduates and becoming something of an industry thought-leader, employing Gerald Loeb – the “Wizard of Wall Street”, a financial author credited with predicting the 1929 stock market crash- as a senior consultant (The Times [San Mateo] 1972a: 21). Gamlen Chemical also expanded operations in the city during the 1970s, constructing a 2-story, 7,200-square foot international headquarters which would house it technical, customer service, and electronic data processing staff (The Times [San Mateo] 1972b:21) and later expanded its central marketing and development operations (The Times [San Mateo] 1975: 25). The chemical industry took a further turn in the 1970s, when Robert Swanson and Dr. Herbert Boyer founded Genentech, spurring new developments the biotech and pharmaceutical industries which would further shape the city’s future. 20th Century Industrial Building Typology More than any other building type, the forms of industrial buildings have historically reflected their functions. Industrial buildings have housed a myriad of uses which include printing, manufacturing, food processing, and warehousing in the early 20th century, as well as later light-industrial functions such as auto repair, office, and commercial in the post-World War II era (Page & Turnbull, Inc. 2009:90). The production processes conducted inside have determined the buildings’ design and organization, in which exterior ornament remained subordinate to more utilitarian concerns. Improvements in building materials and techniques allowed for the bigger and highly functional industrial buildings. Following earlier load-bearing brick construction, reinforced concrete provided for new innovation in industrial building design during the early 20th century. American builders and owners remained wary of reinforced concrete construction until its benefits were clearly revealed when representative buildings survived major earthquakes and fires. Employing reinforced concrete in the design of a new type of industrial production building—the automobile factory—Detroit’s Albert Kahn distinguished himself as the first significant 20th century American industrial architect. Establishing a new precedent for industrial architecture, Kahn worked in close consultation with production experts and engineers to fit the massive hyper-functional building to the needs of the manufacturing process. Kahn’s design principals influenced industrial design throughout the early and mid-20th century. His principles included industrial building configurations that included administrative wings, parking lots, and landscape setbacks fronting shed, sawtooth, or convex-roofed factories so as to obstruct their visibility from streets and highways (Bradley 1999:156–58; Munce 1960:40; Rappaport 2004:433). Other early techniques were exemplified by design accomplishments overseas. Peter Behrens and Mies van der Rohe created a new steel and glass curtain wall system for a turbine factory in Berlin in 1908–1909 that maximized natural lighting, freely exposed the building’s steel skeletal farming, that proved highly influential in the field of industrial building design. Only a few years after its construction, industrial buildings widely implemented the steel industrial sash window system (SurveyLA 2018: 198). Over the next several decades, innovations in prefabrication and framing enabled the design of industrial buildings that appeared lighter and incorporated more windows on both exterior facades and roofs (Martinson 2009:283; Rappaport 2004:433). During World War II, the design of industrial production buildings began to shift away from maximization of natural lighting and ventilation. As Bradley explains, “the new model was based on the utilization of artificial lighting, air-conditioning, and forced air circulation to optimize working conditions in structures with few openings” (Bradley 1999:4). Industrial building design in the post-World War II era was characterized by a proliferation of sprawling one-story factory buildings, a product of wartime production that responded to demand for low-cost construction and the increasingly horizontal orientation of production Page 8 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 30 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 19, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ processes. As architectural historian Nina Rappaport explains, “the one-story shed-type building allowed for larger machines and more flexible and open floor plans for the new horizontal assembly-line production, which could then be shifted easily to the truck- and train-based transportation systems, with train lines running close to or even through a manufacturing plant.” During this period in the United States, manufacturing industries also began to relocate from urban cores to booming suburbs or other peripheral zones of new development. Even in the face of a changing industrial environment, the new factory facilities continued to reflect some of the planning principles pioneered by Kahn in the early 20thcentury, including roof forms, setbacks, parking areas, and minimal to non-existent architectural ornament. However, emerging corporate emphasis on teamwork and organizational psychology led to the introduction of post-war amenities such as cafeterias, athletic facilities, and lounges for workers, as well as a trend away from the earlier separation of administrative offices from factory production spaces. Throughout the 20th century, with the priority of industrial architectural design has remained rooted in efficiency and profit. Industrial processes and products are constantly refined to maximize return on investment. Consequently, industrial properties are frequently altered to accommodate new product manufacturing processes or updated technologies. Full or partial demolition is commonplace, resulting in industrial areas characterized by buildings with widely varying dates of construction and reflecting different industries and contexts over time. Industrial Warehouses The function of warehouse buildings revolves around storing and transporting goods (e.g., storing, processing, distributing, and sometimes light manufacturing). A number of factors have historically influenced their design. Fire safety and theft prevention needs have resulted in builders using thick masonry walls and slow-burning materials, such as iron for doors and shutters. Evolving construction technologies have allowed builders to update warehouse construction materials throughout the 20th century as mentioned early, evolving from early-century load-bearing brick to concrete construction that continued throughout the mid-century era (Page & Turnbull, Inc. 2009:93). During the mid-twentieth century, warehouse design underwent significant change in response to economic pressures for cost reduction and the movement of warehousing and other industrial operations from the urban core to the suburbs and other peripheral zones. In this process, one-story buildings with concrete floors and ceilings rising 20 feet or more became the norm. The use of forklift trucks and pallets became standardized in warehousing. Climate control technology and artificial lighting reduced the number of windows or eliminated them entirely. Sprawling warehouse buildings in suburban industrial zones might be screened from view at the street by office wings or vegetative set-backs. In other cases, a public entry or office might be ensconced in one corner of the building. As architectural historian Betsy Hunter Bradley explains, in other portions of most offices associated with warehouse buildings, “freight doors, truck docks, and railroad sidings became the only features,” while “brick and other siding materials enclosed bland, unstyled” buildings “intended to blend in with nearby commercial and industrial structures” (Bradley 2004:1432). Due to the advancement of building materials in the post-World War II era, low-cost prefabrication options further stripped warehouse facades. They became simple utilitarian buildings with uncomplicated footprints, boxed massing, flat roofs, and modest siding or exposed concrete or concrete block (Munce 1960:47–48). Other key features of post-war warehouse industrial buildings include: • a rectangular footprint; • one-story height; • simple massing; • raised foundation with loading docks; • roll-up doors for vehicular use; • minimal fenestration or complete lack of windows; • utilitarian style, often with no ornamentation; • prefabricated materials; • and simple siding. Page 9 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 30 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 19, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Site History The earliest historic aerial clearly showing the subject parcel is dated 1943, which shows the parcel previously contained at least six buildings or structures of various sizes (UC Santa Barbara 2020a). Surrounding land included other industrial parcels in the immediate vicinity, to the north and east, as well as residential homes south of Tanforan Avenue, and the Tanforan racetrack to the west of Huntington Avenue East (presently South Maple Avenue). The right-of-way for the SPRR spur tracks and branch lines appear to be present in 1943. A 1950 Sanborn map reveals that two branches from the SPRR spur were located on the north part of the subject parcel at that time (Sanborn Map Company 1950: 30). One branch on the subject parcel that traveled in a north-south direction served a large industrial building labeled the “Standard Wire Divn of California Wire Cloth Co” on the Sanborn map, which is no longer extant. Between the 1950s – 1970s, the parcel functioned as a steel wire plant for tenant Colorado Fuel & Iron Corporation, during which time the extant buildings were built. The subject property’s existing large industrial warehouse addressed as 40 Tanforan Avenue was constructed in circa 1956; the industrial warehouse addressed as 349 S. Maple Avenue was constructed in 1959, the administrative office building addressed as 30 Tanforan Avenue was constructed in 1963; and the industrial warehouse addressed as 347 S. Maple Avenue was constructed in circa 1965. In 1965, additional industrial buildings were constructed in the immediate area to the east, and along the SPRR Colma Segment spur right-of-way located northeast of the subject property. Additional residential houses were also constructed south of Tanforan Avenue. Between 2016-2019, the industrial building that is illustrated in the 1950 Sanborn map was demolished (NETR 2016). It is unclear what date the branches of the SPRR Colma Segment spur were removed from the subject property, however, it appears that the tracks were removed by 2000. (Additional site history specific to the SPRR Colma Segment spur is presented in the Linear Feature Record.) An outline of where one of the branches of the SPRR Colma Segment spur previously existed, remains on the subject property at the north boundary. Ownership and Occupant History The owners and occupants of the subject property are summarized in the tables below, which encompass the industrial parcel addressed as 30 Tanforan Avenue and 40 Tanforan Avenue. No ownership or occupancy information was uncovered regarding addresses 347 S. Maple Avenue and 349 S. Maple Avenue. Ownership information was gathered through tax assessor’s data and permit/site records obtained at the City of South San Francisco Building Division. Occupant information for the industrial plant was gathered through a combination of available directories and reverse directories, and building permits.2 30 Tanforan Avenue Year Owner 1963-2007 Unknown 2008-2012 Steven S Grandov Trust 2008-2014 All West Container Co The Malaspina Family Trust Marcia Moriarty Richard A Pfaff Trust Chris & Doma Grandov Trust 2012 Linda L Grandov Trust 2014-2017 Tanforan Industrial Park LLC 2017–present LPGS Tanforan LLC 2 Due to closures and restrictions resulting from Covid-19 and shelter-in-place orders, research in city directories was provided to the author by staff at the South San Francisco Library. Page 10 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 30 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 19, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Year Occupant 1954-1974 Colorado Fuel & Iron Corp. 1985 All West Park Association 1986-1999 All West Container Co. 1987 Air Filter Sales & Service Co. 1989-1993 #A A Hoy Don Co. Inc. 1991-2009 Moriarty & Malaspina Unknown-Present Shift.com 40 Tanforan Avenue Year Owner 1974 Tanforan Ave Association 1977 Montgomery Capital Corp 1986 Keyston Brothers Unknown–present LPGS Tanforan LLC Year Occupant 1974-1976 All West Container Co 1985 All West Park Association 1986-1998 John Anthony Company 1989 Keyston Brothers Present Unknown In summary, the industrial parcel has operated primarily under industrial uses: Colorado Fuel & Iron Corp. (an iron and steel company – biography below); Shift.com (used car dealer and current tenant); and Keyston Brothers (leather goods manufacturer founded in 1868 in San Francisco) (The Times San Mateo 1962: 15). No relevant information was uncovered regarding the following tenants: All West Park Association; All West Container Co.; Air Filter Sales & Service Co.; #A A Hoy Don Co. Inc.; Moriarty & Malaspina; and John Anthony Company. Colorado Fuel & Iron Corp. has occupied the subject property for at least 20 years and All West Container Co. has occupied the property for approximately 25 years and is also the longest tenant to occupy the subject property. A detailed description of Colorado Fuel and Iron Corporation is provided below. Colorado Fuel & Iron Corporation (Original Tenant at 30 Tanforan Avenue) Colorado Fuel & Iron Corporation (also known as the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company or CF&I) began in Colorado in 1872 as the Colorado Coal & Iron Company under General William Palmer, who was searching for materials to outfit the Rio Grande Railway. By 1892, the company was known as the Colorado Fuel & Iron Company and was pivotal to the Western United States industrialization and the production of iron and steel. With thousands of employees, the Colorado Fuel and Iron Corporation also partook in monumental labor relations in the twentieth century (Schreck 2018). Other than a 1959 newspaper article, which notes that the Colorado Fuel and Iron Corporation employed approximately 150 workers at 30 Tanforan Avenue, no other site-specific information was uncovered regarding the Colorado Fuel and Iron Corporation’s activities at this location (The Times San Mateo 1959: 4). The Colorado Fuel and Iron Corporation location at 30 Tanforan Avenue appears to be one of numerous other locations in the United States. Evaluation of 30 Tanforan Avenue The subject property is not currently listed in the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR) or the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), nor was it previously evaluated and found eligible. The following discussion provides an evaluation of the subject property (including both age-eligible buildings) under CRHR Criteria 1–4 and NRHP Criteria A-D for individual eligibility. This evaluation does not address the potential of the buildings located at the historic property to contributors to a historic district. Page 11 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 30 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 19, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ CRITERIA A/1 (Events) Under NRHP/CRHR Criteria A/1, the subject property at 30 Tanforan Avenue does not appear to individually covey an association with any event(s) significant in history. Following the incorporation of South San Francisco in 1908, the city’s industrial development quickly grew and numerous heavy industrial businesses specializing in meat packing or construction materials began operations in the area, including Pacific Jupiter Steel (later Bethlehem Steel), the Meese and Gottfried Co., Pacific Car and Equipment, Shaw Batcher Steel (later United States Steel), the Edward Wire Rope Co., and others. In the World War II era, light industrial companies relocated to South San Francisco, and the general vicinity surrounding the subject property redeveloped with distribution centers, office parks, and chemical industry uses. The subject property developed within the context of South San Francisco’s industrial area in the 1950s-1960s, at which time numerous other industrial businesses were prevalent in the general vicinity of the subject property, including Poetsch & Peterson Tannery, which opened at 325 South Maple Avenue in 1943, and American Brake Shoe which opened at 54 Tanforan Avenue in circa 1943. While the subject parcel followed the general pattern of development and use established for industrial development in South San Francisco, 30 Tanforan Avenue was not the earlies industrial property in South San Francisco nor was it an early or important location for the Colorado Fuel & Steel Corporation, which was established in 1892 in Colorado. Therefore, the subject property is not significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria A/1. CRITERIA B/2 (Person) Under NRHP/CRHR Criteria B/2, the subject property at 30 Tanforan Avenue appears to lack associative value related to significant persons. None of the known owners of the industrial parcel or occupants of the buildings appear to be important to industrial development in South San Francisco. Although several individuals were employed by the property’s earliest known occupant, Colorado Fuel & Steel Corporation, along with other tenants who worked within the subject property, no individual would have had a sustained association with the subject property and its buildings to the extent necessary to imbue significance under Criteria B/2. The subject property is also not directly tied to the Colorado Fuel & Steel Corporation founder General William Palmer or work that led to important innovations or inventions by any of the buildings’ occupants. Properties eligible for listing in the NRHP/CRHR for association with a historically significant individual are typically properties where such an individual(s) performed the work or other activities for which he or she is known. Research yielded no evidence that either building has any significant association with significant persons. The subject property is not significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria B/2. CRITERIA C/3 (Design/Construction) Under NRHP/CRHR Criteria C/3, the subject property at 30 Tanforan Avenue, including its four-age-eligible buildings, lacks distinctive architectural character and aesthetic value that would rise to the level of individual significance. Although the architects of the subject property are unknown, the industrial parcel does not appear to represent the work of master architects or designers. The administrative office building and three additional warehouse buildings are utilitarian in design, reflecting their industrial use. Furthermore, the site does not contain any architectural elements that rise to the level of high artistic value. The subject property and its buildings reflect common building designs and construction methods, which are found throughout industrial areas in many American cities, and do not embody a noteworthy type or method of construction. Therefore, the subject property is not significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria C/3. CRITERIA D/4 (Information Potential) The subject property at 30 Tanforan Avenue does not have the potential to provide further information that would promote a deeper understanding of the history of the built environment. The property contains age-eligible buildings are common examples of a 20th century industrial design and would not yield information important the historic development of the property or the city. Therefore, the subject property is not significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria D/4. This evaluation does not apply to the potential for archaeological discovery the property. A full analysis of archaeological value is beyond the scope of this report. Conclusion Page 12 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 30 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 19, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Based on an evaluation regarding NRHP/CRHR Criteria, the subject property at 30 Tanforan Avenue, including its four age-eligible buildings, is ineligible for individual listing. The property is therefore not a historical resource for the purposes of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), in accordance with Section 15064.5(a)(2)-(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, using the criteria outlined in Section 5024.1 of the California Public Resources Code. *B12. References (continued): Bamburg, B. L. ND. South San Francisco Historic Preservation Survey 1985 – 1986: A Comprehensive Study of History and Architecture. City of South San Francisco: CA. Blum, J. 1984. South San Francisco: The Making of an Industrial City. In California History 63(2): Pages 114-134. Bradley, Betsy Hunter. 1999. The Works: The Industrial Architecture of the United States. Oxford University Press, New York, New York. Bradley, Betsy Hunter. 2004. Warehouse. In R. Stephen Sennott (ed.), Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century Architecture, Volume 3, P-Z. R. Fitzroy Dearborn, New York, New York. City of South San Francisco. 2020. Historic Articles: General History. Available here: https://www.ssf.net/our-city/about-south-san-francisco/history/historical-articles. Accessed: June 23, 2020. Kious, J. ND. “Lindenville.” Available here: https://www.ssf.net/our-city/about-south-san-francisco/history/historical-articles. Accessed: June 23, 2020. Martinson, Tom. 2009. Atlas of American Architecture. Rizzoli Publications, New York, New York. Mozingo, Louise A. 2011. Pastoral Capitalism: A History of Suburban Corporate Landscapes. MIT Press, Cambridge Massachusetts. Munce, James F. 1960. Industrial Architecture: An Analysis of International Building Practice. F. W. Dodge Corporation, New York, New York. Nationwide Environmental Title Research, LLC. (NETR). 1956. 30 Tanforan Avenue, South San Francisco, CA. Aerial photograph. Historic Aerials Viewer. Available: https://www.historicaerials.com/viewer. Accessed: June 26, 2020. ———. 2016. 30 Tanforan Avenue, South San Francisco, CA. Aerial photograph. Historic Aerials Viewer. Available: https://www.historicaerials.com/viewer. Accessed: June 26, 2020. Oakland Tribune (Oakland, California). 1942. “Lubricant Firm Opens S.F. Plant” June 26. Page & Turnbull, Inc. 2009. South of Market Area, San Francisco, California Historic Context Statement. Final. Prepared for City and County of San Francisco Planning Department. Rappaport, Nina. 2004. Factory. In R. Stephen Sennott (ed.), Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century Architecture, Volume 1, A-F. R. Fitzroy Dearborn, New York, New York. Reid, Kenneth. 1951. “Factory Design Offers a Challenge to Every Architect,” in Industrial Buildings: The Architectural Record of a Decade. New York: F.W. Dodge Corporation. Sanborn Map Company. 1950. Insurance Maps of South San Francisco, California. Sheet 30. New York: Sanborn Map Company. Page 13 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 30 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 19, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ San Francisco Examiner (San Francisco, California). 1935b. “Du Pont Purchase Largest In Years.” July 27. ———.1943b. “Help Wanted.” July 11. ———. 1966. “Lawrence Vannucci At 77.” January 16. ———.1973. “Harry Gamlen Rites.” January 15. Schreck, Christopher J. 2018. “CF&I Timeline.” Available: https://scalar.usc.edu/works/the-colorado-fuel-and-iron-company/cfi-timeline. Accessed: June 23, 2020. South San Francisco. 1959-1985. Building Division permits (relevant building permits issued for the subject parcel). SurveyLA. 2018. Los Angeles Citywide Historic Context Statement, Context: Industrial Development, 1850-1980. Prepared for the City of Los Angeles, Department of City Planning, Office of Historic Resources. September 2011, revised February 2018. The Times San Mateo. 1949. “DuPont Plans SSF Expansion” April 1. ———. 1955. “$75,000 Fire Razes SSF Chemical Plant.” June 12. ———.1958. “Building in S.S.F. Heads For Record.” August. ———.1959. “Word Awaited For Walkout Wednesday.” ———.1960. “S.S.F. Opening New Company.” April 23. ———. 1962. “Firm Honors F.B. Keyston.” April 26. ———.1963. “New Product for S.S.F. Firm.” August 26. ———.1972a. “Companies Told To Push Negative.” April 24. ———.1972b. “New Headquarters Started.” April 24. ———. 1975. “Gamlen Chemical Expands.” January 24. UC Santa Barbara. 2020a. “FrameFinder.” Flight DDB, Frame 2B-135, October 11, 1943. Accessed June 19, 2020. Available: http://mil.library.ucsb.edu/ap_indexes/FrameFinder/. ———. 2020b. “FrameFinder.” Flight CAS-65-130, Frame 1-51, May 11, 1965. Accessed June 19, 2020. Available: http://mil.library.ucsb.edu/ap_indexes/FrameFinder/. ———. 2020c. “FrameFinder.” Flight HM, Frame 1123-215, June 26, 2000. Accessed June 19, 2020. Available: http://mil.library.ucsb.edu/ap_indexes/FrameFinder/. United States Geological Survey (USGS). 1947. San Francisco South Quadrangle, California. 7.5 Minute Series (1:24,000) Topographic Quadrangle Map. Page 14 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 30 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 19, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Additional Figures: Figure 2. Aerial view of industrial parcel at 30 Tanforan Avenue, outlined in yellow, facing north. Four age-eligible buildings are outlined in red (administrative office building to the southwest (30 Tanforan Ave), industrial warehouse at center (40 Tanforan Ave), industrial warehouse to the north (building on left) (347 S. Maple Ave), and an industrial warehouse to the north (building on right) (349 S. Maple Ave). Source: Google 2020; edited by ICF. Figure 3. Administrative office building (30 Tanforan Avenue), primary (south) façade, facing north, December 2017. Source: Google 2020. Page 15 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 30 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 19, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Figure 4. Administrative office building (30 Tanforan Avenue), primary (south) and east facades, facing west, 2017. Source: Marx Okubo Associates, Inc, Property Conditions Assessment for 30 Tanforan Avenue. Figure 5. Industrial warehouse (40 Tanforan Avenue), primary (south) façade, facing north, March 2019. Source: Google 2020. Page 16 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 30 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 19, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Figure 6. Industrial warehouse (347 S. Maple Avenue), west and south façades, facing northeast, 2017. Source: Marx Okubo Associates, Inc, Property Conditions Assessment for 30 Tanforan Avenue. Figure 7. Industrial warehouse (349 S. Maple Avenue), north and west façades, facing east, 2017. Source: Marx Okubo Associates, Inc, Property Conditions Assessment for 30 Tanforan Avenue. Page 1 of 14 *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 50 Tanforan Avenue *P11. Report Citation: ICF. 2020. Southline Specific Plan Project Draft Environmental Impact Report. November. Prepared for the City of South San Francisco, California. *Attachments: NONE  Location Map  Sketch Map  Continuation Sheet  Building, Structure, and Object Record  Archaeological Record District Record  Linear Feature Record  Milling Station Record  Rock Art Record  Artifact Record  Photograph Record DPR 523A (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # ____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # _______________________________________ PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial _____________________________________ NRHP Status Code __________ Other Listings __________ Review Code __________ Reviewer ____________________________ Date ___________ P5a. Photograph or Drawing (Photograph required for buildings, structures and objects) P1. Other Identifier: MainFreight SFO *P2. Location:  Not for Publication  Unrestricted *a. County San Mateo *b. USGS 7.5’ Quad San Francisco South, CA Date 2018 T R ¼ of ¼ of Sec B.M. c. Address: 50 Tanforan City South San Francisco Zip 94080 d. UTM: (give more than one for large and/or linear resources) Zone 10 S; 32 U 691610 5334765 48.13726°N 11.57558°E e. Other Locational Data: (e.g., parcel #, directions to resource, elevation, etc., as appropriate) Assessor’s parcel number (APN) 014‐250‐080 *P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries) The subject resource evaluated in this Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) form is one of six adjacent parcels and one linear resource, which are evaluated in separate DPR forms. 50 Tanforan is used to refer to the subject parcel in this DPR and contains one industrial warehouse building built in circa 1959 with an attached dispatch office/administrative building constructed between 1968 and 1980 (addressed as 50 Tanforan Avenue). (Figure 1). (See Continuation Sheet) *P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) HP8. Industrial Building *P4. Resources Present:  Building  Structure  Object  Site  District  Element of District  Other P5b. Figure 1: West (primary) façade of warehouse building and entry gate facing northwest, 2018. Source: Marx/Okubo Associates, Inc., Property Conditions Assessment for 50 Tanforan Avenue. *P6. Date Constructed/Age and Sources: Historic  Prehistoric  Both 1959 Source: San Mateo County Tax Assessor; ParcelQuest *P7. Owner and Address: LPGS Tanforan LLC 644 Menlo Avenue, STE 240 Menlo Park, CA 94025 *P8. Recorded by: (Name, affiliation, address) Patrick Maley, ICF 201 Mission Street, Suite 1500 San Francisco, CA 94105 *P9. Date Recorded: July 2, 2020 *P10. Survey Type: Intensive Page 2 of 14 *NRHP Status Code 6Z *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 50 Tanforan Avenue DPR 523B (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ BUILDING, STRUCTURE, AND OBJECT RECORD B1. Historic Name: Clearwater Trucking Inc., E.F.L. Transportation B2. Common Name: 50 Tanforan Avenue B3. Original Use: Industrial warehouse/ shipping center B4. Present Use: Industrial warehouse/ shipping center *B5. Architectural Style: Utilitarian/industrial *B6. Construction History: (Construction date, alteration, and date of alterations) The SPRR Colma Segment spur’s right of way was built circa 1947. Please refer to the associated Linear Feature Record for a detailed history regarding the SPRR spur. (See Continuation Sheet) *B7. Moved?  No  Yes  Unknown Date: N/A Original Location: N/A *B8. Related Features: Asphalt and concrete drive with striped parking areas, cyclone fencing with plastic slats, rolling chain-link security gate, railroad tracks/spur, screening vegetation at the east façade of the warehouse and along the north, east, and south perimeters of the parcel. B9a. Architect: Unknown; Van Housen Architecture (1992 alterations to dispatch office/administrative building); Markling Yamasaki Architects (dispatch office/administrative building expansion); Eric Mideir Architect (1998 signage changes) B9b. Builder: Unknown *B10. Significance: Theme N/A Area N/A Period of Significance N/A Property Type N/A Applicable Criteria N/A Historic Context South San Francisco Industrial Context South San Francisco’s industrial history begins in the 1890s when the South San Francisco Land and Improvement Company acquired land from what was part of Henry Miller’s vast land empire to build stockyards, meat packing facilities, and a company town. Since those beginnings, the meat packing industry has given way to steel, metals and construction, manufacturing, transportation, chemicals, and biotechnologies. Development within the city resulting from each industry gradually influenced the other industries and shaped the overall profile of South San Francisco as it exists today. This context discusses three key areas industries in South San Francisco: meat- packing and tanneries; construction materials, and chemical manufacturing. (See Continuation Sheet) B11. Additional Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) *B12. References: (See Continuation Sheet) B13. Remarks: N/A *B14. Evaluator: Patrick Maley, ICF *Date of Evaluation: July 2, 2020 (This space reserved for official comments.) ( Page 3 of 14 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 50 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *July 2, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ *P3a. Description (continued): The subject property contains a raised height single-story concrete warehouse building and is located on the north edge of Tanforan Avenue, between South Maple and Dollar Avenues (Figure 2). The subject parcel is bound primarily by the following properties: 30 Tanforan Avenue to the west (APN 014‐250‐090), 54 Tanforan Avenue to the north (APN 014‐250‐050), and 240 Dollar Avenue (APN 014‐241‐030) to the northeast. 80 Tanforan Avenue (not evaluated in this set of DPRs) is to the east. A Southern Pacific Railroad (SPRR) spur line historically ran outside of the subject property’s parcel to the northwest, but it did not enter the subject property. The SPRR spur line is no longer extant, however it is described in detail in the linear resource record associated with this DPR. The parcel contains an asphalt and concrete paved lot to the north and east of building, and screening vegetation at the building’s east façade and around the north east and south parcel boundaries. The street entrance to the parcel is protected by a chain-link fence and a rolling chain-link metal gate. 50 Tanforan Avenue (building) The 30,720-square foot single-story industrial warehouse is located at the parcel’s west boundary. The building has a rectangular footprint sited at a north-south orientation, with a primary façade that faces east. The subject building is utilitarian in design, prioritizing function over architectural style. The building sits on a concrete slab foundation. The building is constructed of tilt-up reinforced concrete with cast-in-pace concrete pilasters (Figure 3). The building’s barrel-vaulted roof is composed of wood plank system supported by a steel truss. The roof slopes on each side toward a concrete parapet and contains passive vents, HVAC ducts, and vent pipes (Figure 4). The main entrance, which is composed of an aluminum frame pedestrian door and side lite, is accessible by a set of concrete stairs and ADA ramp at the south end of the primary façade. The building’s fenestration is limited to the primary façade which contains a mix of numerous vehicular loading bays with raised roll-down metal doors, and minimal aluminum-frame pedestrian doors and windows. A rectangular administrative building protects from the building’s primary façade and features a shed roof with asphalt shingles and a raised loading dock for vehicular loading. *B6. Construction History (continued): The warehouse building was constructed in 1959, based on tax assessor’s data. A review of historic aerials indicates that the administration building attached to the east façade of the warehouse was constructed between 1960 and 1980. The warehouse roof was replaced during the same time period. Permits filed with the City of South San Francisco indicate that in 1992, Van Housen Architecture made significant changes to the warehouse restrooms, the administration building entryway, and made other handicapped accessibility improvements; in 1996, Guardian made sprinkler system improvement to the building; in 1996, Markling Yamasaki Architects built out the existing administration building with an additional 1,922 square feet and made other interior improvement to the office space; and in 1998, addition electrical, fire sprinkler, and signage changes were made by Eric Mideir Architect. The roof has a modern HVAC system but it is unknown when it was added. Per visual analysis several loading bays on the west façade of the building have been filled in with concrete block, though the date of this alternation is not known. The table below lists the key events in the construction history of the subject parcel. The SPRR spur’s right of way was built circa 1947. Please refer to the associated Linear Feature Record for a detailed history regarding the SPRR spur. Year Construction History Event 1959 Warehouse building Constructed 1968 Historic aerial photograph of the subject parcel shows only the rectangular shaped warehouse building on the subject parcel. 1980 Historic aerial photograph of the subject parcel shows the warehouse building with the dispatch office attached to the east façade. Page 4 of 14 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 50 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *July 2, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ 1992 Van Housen Architecture employed by E.F.I. Transportation to make changes to existing warehouse restrooms and the dispatch office entry way for handicap accessibility. 1996 Guardian employed to make improvement to the fire suppression system. 1996 Markling Yamasaki Architects employed by E.F.I. Transportation to expand the existing dispatch office. 1998 Eric Midier Architect employed for improvements to fire sprinkles, doorways, signage changes, and electrical work. *B10. Significance (continued): Historic Context – continued South San Francisco’s first large industry was launched when Gustavus Swift, the meat magnate who developed the first refrigerated freight car, visited the area in 1887 with the aim of establishing meat packing houses and an industrial suburb in San Mateo County. The location had several advantages for Swift’s operation: it was close enough to San Francisco to reach the city’s markets, but far enough away to ensure commercial and political independence from the city. In addition, with prevailing winds from the west and the bay to the east, South San Francisco was geographically situated in a way which would mitigate the noxious fumes and effluents generated by industry. In 1891, the area, which Swift named South San Francisco, began filling with workers from “Butchertown”, located to the north in San Francisco’s Bayview Neighborhood, who were moving into the city’s industrial suburbs (Blum 1984). As population and industry expanded, meat packing developed many spin-off industries in South San Francisco, including tanneries, wool pulleries, and fertilizer plants, with many of the businesses relocating from San Francisco’s Bayview Neighborhood. The Poetsch & Peterson Tannery is exemplary of many of the businesses that developed out of South San Francisco’s meat packing industry in being connected with the meat packing industry (in their use of hides) and in employing manual labor and chemical/industrial processes In 1883, German-born Herman Poetsch and his Swedish partner Gustave Peterson chose San Francisco’s Mission District, at Harrison and Army Street (present day Caesar Chavez Street) for the location of their tanning business. At the time, the area was largely industrial with close proximity to butcher shops and animal markets that supplied hides to the fledgling business. Poetsch & Peterson employed workers from Italy, Greece, Germany, and the Guadalajara region of Mexico to produce a leather called latigo, used for boots, shoes, and machinery (San Francisco Examiner 1985:157). Herman and Ella A. Poestch had three sons - William (b. 1888), Herman (b. 1891), Albert (b. 1892), and a daughter - all of whom carried on the business of Poetsch & Peterson when Herman Sr. passed away in 1929 (San Francisco Examiner 1953:10). William Poestch, the eldest son, taught himself the chemical formulas necessary for the production of their distinct brand of leather, handwriting them in a series of notebooks which he kept until the late 80s. Poetsch & Peterson continued to operate in San Francisco through WWI – in which Albert served in the Navy – and through the 1930s. WWII brought difficulties to Poetsch & Peterson as leather was on the government list of goods embargoed for military use, leaving hides in short supply (San Francisco Examiner 1985:157). In 1943, Poetsch & Peterson relocated to 325 South Maple Avenue in South San Francisco when other chemical and manufacturing businesses were doing the same. The South San Francisco location allowed Poetsch & Peterson more space and provided closer proximity to the slaughterhouses and ancillary businesses upon which Poetsch & Peterson depended, which were gradually relocating their facilities from San Francisco to South San Francisco. Following the war, union activity brought on a series of strike actions in many South San Francisco industries, including a 1947 Butcher’s Union No. 508 strike over pay increases (The Times [San Mateo] 1947:15) and an Amalgamated Meat Cutters and Butcher Workmen’s Union strike (San Francisco Examiner 1947:6) which impacted Poetsch & Peterson. However, Poetsch & Peterson were able to resolve the conflicts with its unions and through the 1950s and 1960s, production increased at the tannery, but business really took off beginning in the mid-1970s when fashion choices created high demand for latigo bags and sandals. At their height, Poetsch & Peterson were a $1.2 million a year business employing approximately 100 union workers. However, the combination of foreign competition, stricter environmental regulations, and South San Francisco’s push for more “clean” industrial parks ultimately shuttered the business by the mid-1980s (San Francisco Examiner 1985:157). At that point, they were the last tannery on the peninsula. Page 5 of 14 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 50 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *July 2, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ South San Francisco also developed construction materials businesses beginning in the mid-1890s, when the Baden Brick Factory, the Molath Brick Company, and the South San Francisco Lumber Company established themselves in the city (Bamburg ND). By 1907, completion of the 9.8-mile Southern Pacific Railroad Bayshore Cutoff connected South San Francisco’s industrial yards to San Francisco markets in the north. Further construction-related businesses soon emerged that were focused on the development of steel and metal foundries which were needed to supply materials to San Francisco as it rebuilt following the 1906 earthquake (Blum 1984; City of South San Francisco 2020). In 1906, the Selby Smelting and Lead Company’s purchase of land on San Bruno Point raised concerns of pollution from South San Francisco landowners, prompting San Mateo County to pass an ordinance against smelting within County lines. In turn, the City of South San Francisco incorporated in 1908, exempting the City from the ordinance, and allowing the city’s industrial development to rapidly expand (Blum 1984). Beginning with Pacific Jupiter Steel (later Bethlehem Steel), South San Francisco’s foundry and metal production industries expanded to include the Meese and Gottfried Co., Pacific Car and Equipment, Shaw Batcher Steel (later United States Steel), the Edward Wire Rope Co. (which would provide cable for the Golden Gate Bridge), the Doak Sheet Metal Company, the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, and others. By the 1920s, South San Francisco was already celebrating its heavy industry, installing the first sign on Signal Hill reading “SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO THE INDUSTRIAL CITY” in 1923, and replacing it with sixty-foot high concrete letters in 1929 (Bamburg ND). The steel, metals, and materials industries received a boost from defense spending during both world wars, but particularly during WWII. In 1943, Bethlehem Steel was hiring mill helpers, hearth stockers, and yard laborers in support of the war effort at its South San Francisco plant (San Francisco Examiner 1943:39), While some non-defense related metal and manufacturing employers like American Brake Shoe saw growth as well, others (such as Poetsch & Peterson) experienced difficulties due to war-time embargos on materials. With South San Francisco’s population doubling as defense workers poured into the city during WWII, the Federal Government built emergency housing at several locations. The developments were cheaply constructed and densely packed. Lindenville, a 720-unit development for 4,200 people, was constructed between Victory and Railroad Avenues as a series of barrack-like row units (Bamburg ND; Kious ND). Many of these emergency housing units were demolished after the war. At the conclusion of the WWII, industries continued to grow, as suburbanization in California produced demand for metals, concrete, lumber, and other materials. Vannucci Brothers Concrete Construction Company maintained a South San Francisco office while supplying concrete for the development of California’s massive freeway system (San Francisco Examiner 1966:56). In 1955, when Governor Goodwin Knight presented the “Man of Industry” award in front of 400 civic and industrial leaders he said, “For better or for worse, San Mateo county has made its choice for industry. You have voted to see smoke stacks rather than geraniums.” (The Times [San Mateo] 1955:1). However, his choice of recipient – M.W. Reece, vice-president of the South San Francisco’s Reinhold Chemical Corporation – illustrated a transition away from the smokes stacks which had defined the city through the war-era and towards the emergence of light industry: distribution centers, office parks, and chemicals. The “industrial city” was giving way to more light industry plants (like Stuart Manufacturing, Sun Tube Corp., Sees Candy, and Ray Winther Co.) as well as distribution business connected to the San Francisco Airport, which was constructed in 1953 (City of South San Francisco 2020). By the 1960s, heavy industry in South San Francisco was winding down (City of South San Francisco 2020). In 1981, the Bethlehem Steel building was torn down (City of South San Francisco 2020). South San Francisco’s chemical industry began developing in the mid-1930s. In 1935, the South San Francisco Land and Improvement company won out against Los Angeles County in enticing the E.I. du Pont de Nemours Company to purchase a seven-acre area on Linden Avenue to construct a varnish and lacquer plant (San Francisco Examiner 1935:4) which was constructed by 1940. Meanwhile, other chemical companies were establishing local facilities on the west coast, often in the Bay View district of San Francisco. In 1935, the Gamlen Chemical Company, founded by Harry Gamlen, a Canadian-born engineer and inventor, began its operations in San Francisco (San Francisco Examiner 1973:41). E.F. Houghton & Co, a Pennsylvania chemical corporation specializing in industrial lubricants, mining lubricants, textile processing oils, tannery oils, and heat treating products, also located in San Francisco at Quint Street and Davidson Avenue (Oakland Tribune 1942:30). Following WWII, many of the light industry and chemical businesses located in San Francisco Bay View began to relocate to South San Francisco to take advantage of the large industrial yards now available for non-war time production. In 1949, du Point expanded a further 5.8 acres in South San Francisco, occupying a corner of Dollar and Tanforan Avenues no longer used for war production to expand its west coast business operations. The post war boom brought demand for chemical Page 6 of 14 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 50 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *July 2, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ products such as finishes for consumer products like cars, ships, and refrigerators (The Times [San Mateo] 1949:4). By the mid-1950s, Gamlen Chemical had relocated to 321 Victory Avenue (The Times [San Mateo] 1955:1) and E. I. du Pont de Nemours Paint was expanding on 160 South Linden Avenue. In 1958, the City of South San Francisco reported a record year for building permits, doubling the previous year’s amount (The Times [San Mateo] 1958:15). E.F. Houghton & Company opened their 300,000 square-foot manufacturing plant, laboratory, office building and storage yard, at the site of the former American Brake Shoe Company at 54 Tanforan Avenue in 1960 (The Times [San Mateo] 1960:11) and were soon launching a new line of aluminum lubricants (The Times [San Mateo] 1963:24). The 1960s also found Merk and Company’s Marine Magnesium Plant expanding in the city (City of South San Francisco 2020). By the mid-70s, E. F. Houghton & Company were hiring local chemistry and physics graduates and becoming something of an industry thought-leader, employing Gerald Loeb – the “Wizard of Wall Street”, a financial author credited with predicting the 1929 stock market crash- as a senior consultant (The Times [San Mateo] 1972a: 21). Gamlen Chemical also expanded operations in the city during the 1970s, constructing a 2-story, 7,200-square foot international headquarters which would house it technical, customer service, and electronic data processing staff (The Times [San Mateo] 1972b:21) and later expanded its central marketing and development operations (The Times [San Mateo] 1975: 25). The chemical industry took a further turn in the 1970s, when Robert Swanson and Dr. Herbert Boyer founded Genentech, spurring new developments the biotech and pharmaceutical industries which would further shape the city’s future. 20th Century Industrial Building Typology More than any other building type, the forms of industrial buildings have historically reflected their functions. Industrial buildings have housed a myriad of uses which include printing, manufacturing, food processing, and warehousing in the early 20th century, as well as later light-industrial functions such as auto repair, office, and commercial in the post-World War II era (Page & Turnbull, Inc. 2009:90). The production processes conducted inside have determined the buildings’ design and organization, in which exterior ornament remained subordinate to more utilitarian concerns. Improvements in building materials and techniques allowed for the bigger and highly functional industrial buildings. Following earlier load-bearing brick construction, reinforced concrete provided for new innovation in industrial building design during the early 20th century. American builders and owners remained wary of reinforced concrete construction until its benefits were clearly revealed when representative buildings survived major earthquakes and fires. Employing reinforced concrete in the design of a new type of industrial production building—the automobile factory—Detroit’s Albert Kahn distinguished himself as the first significant 20th century American industrial architect. Establishing a new precedent for industrial architecture, Kahn worked in close consultation with production experts and engineers to fit the massive hyper-functional building to the needs of the manufacturing process. Kahn’s design principals influenced industrial design throughout the early and mid-20th century. His principles included industrial building configurations that included administrative wings, parking lots, and landscape setbacks fronting shed, sawtooth, or convex-roofed factories so as to obstruct their visibility from streets and highways (Bradley 1999:156–58; Munce 1960:40; Rappaport 2004:433). Other early techniques were exemplified by design accomplishments overseas. Peter Behrens and Mies van der Rohe created a new steel and glass curtain wall system for a turbine factory in Berlin in 1908–1909 that maximized natural lighting, freely exposed the building’s steel skeletal farming, that proved highly influential in the field of industrial building design. Only a few years after its construction, industrial buildings widely implemented the steel industrial sash window system (SurveyLA 2018: 198). Over the next several decades, innovations in prefabrication and framing enabled the design of industrial buildings that appeared lighter and incorporated more windows on both exterior facades and roofs (Martinson 2009:283; Rappaport 2004:433). During World War II, the design of industrial production buildings began to shift away from maximization of natural lighting and ventilation. As Bradley explains, “the new model was based on the utilization of artificial lighting, air-conditioning, and forced air circulation to optimize working conditions in structures with few openings” (Bradley 1999:4). Industrial building design in the post-World War II era was characterized by a proliferation of sprawling one-story factory buildings, a product of wartime production that responded to demand for low-cost construction and the increasingly horizontal orientation of production processes. As architectural historian Nina Rappaport explains, “the one-story shed-type building allowed for larger machines and more flexible and open floor plans for the new horizontal assembly-line production, which could then be Page 7 of 14 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 50 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *July 2, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ shifted easily to the truck- and train-based transportation systems, with train lines running close to or even through a manufacturing plant.” During this period in the United States, manufacturing industries also began to relocate from urban cores to booming suburbs or other peripheral zones of new development. Even in the face of a changing industrial environment, the new factory facilities continued to reflect some of the planning principles pioneered by Kahn in the early 20th century, including roof forms, setbacks, parking areas, and minimal to non-existent architectural ornament. However, emerging corporate emphasis on teamwork and organizational psychology led to the introduction of post-war amenities such as cafeterias, athletic facilities, and lounges for workers, as well as a trend away from the earlier separation of administrative offices from factory production spaces. Throughout the 20th century, with the priority of industrial architectural design has remained rooted in efficiency and profit. Industrial processes and products are constantly refined to maximize return on investment. Consequently, industrial properties are frequently altered to accommodate new product manufacturing processes or updated technologies. Full or partial demolition is commonplace, resulting in industrial areas characterized by buildings with widely varying dates of construction and reflecting different industries and contexts over time. Industrial Building Typology: Warehouses The function of warehouse buildings revolves around storing and transporting goods (e.g., storing, processing, distributing, and sometimes light manufacturing). A number of factors have historically influenced their design. Fire safety and theft prevention needs have resulted in builders using thick masonry walls and slow-burning materials, such as iron for doors and shutters. Evolving construction technologies have allowed builders to update warehouse construction materials throughout the 20th century as mentioned early, evolving from early-century load-bearing brick to concrete construction that continued throughout the mid-century era (Page & Turnbull, Inc. 2009:93). During the mid-twentieth century, warehouse design underwent significant change in response to economic pressures for cost reduction and the movement of warehousing and other industrial operations from the urban core to the suburbs and other peripheral zones. In this process, one-story buildings with concrete floors and ceilings rising 20 feet or more became the norm. The use of forklift trucks and pallets became standardized in warehousing. Climate control technology and artificial lighting reduced the number of windows or eliminated them entirely. Sprawling warehouse buildings in suburban industrial zones might be screened from view at the street by office wings or vegetative set-backs. In other cases, a public entry or office might be ensconced in one corner of the building. As architectural historian Betsy Hunter Bradley explains, in other portions of most offices associated with warehouse buildings, “freight doors, truck docks, and railroad sidings became the only features,” while “brick and other siding materials enclosed bland, unstyled” buildings “intended to blend in with nearby commercial and industrial structures” (Bradley 2004:1432). Due to the advancement of building materials in the post-World War II era, low-cost prefabrication options further stripped warehouse facades. They became simple utilitarian buildings with uncomplicated footprints, boxed massing, flat roofs, and modest siding or exposed concrete or concrete block (Munce 1960:47–48). Other key features of post-war warehouse industrial buildings might include: • a rectangular footprint; • one-story height; • simple massing; • raised foundation with loading docks; • roll-up doors for vehicular use; • minimal fenestration or complete lack of windows; • utilitarian style, often with no ornamentation; • prefabricated materials; • and simple siding. Page 8 of 14 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 50 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *July 2, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Site History The earliest historic aerial clearly showing the subject parcel is dated 1943, however the extant building was not yet constructed and its land was undeveloped (UC Santa Barbara 2020a). Surrounding land included other industrial parcels in the immediate vicinity, mainly to the north, east, and west, as well as residential homes south of Tanforan Avenue, and the Tanforan racetrack to the west of Huntington Avenue East (presently South Maple Avenue). The right-of-way for the SPRR spur tracks located to the northeast of the subject property was present in 1943. The extant building was constructed in 1959 (ParcelQuest 2020; UC Santa Barbara 2020b), and has undergone little change. The 1960s saw additional industrial and residential development in the neighborhood. It is unclear what date the nearby SPRR spur was demolished, however, it appears that the tracks were removed by 2000 (UC Santa Barbara 2020c). (Additional site history specific to the SPRR spur is presented in the Linear Feature Record.) Ownership and Occupant History Known owners and occupants of the subject property are summarized in the table below. No information was found regarding earlier owners or occupants of the subject property. Owners information was gathered through tax assessor’s data and permit/site record obtained at the City of South San Francisco Building Division. Occupant information was gathered through a combination of available directories and reverse directories, as well as building permits.1 50 Tanforan Occupants Year Owner 1959-1988 Unknown 1989 Clearwater Trucking Inc. 1989 Durkee Drayage Co. 1986 – 1998 E F :L Transportation Inc 1994 – 1998 SF Enterprises NVOCC 2009 Main Freight SFO 50 Tanforan Ownership Year Occupant 1959-2004 Unknown 2018 LPGS Tanforan LLC 2004 - 2018 JVL Properties LLC 2004 - 2018 Edward John Palmer Trust Edward and Nancy Palmer Trust Nancy Kay Palmer Trust Historic newspaper research uncovered no regarding the owners listed above and their relationship to the subject building. While the original owners and occupants of 50 Tanforan Avenue are unknown, the building was constructed to serve shipping and drayage uses which continue to the present day. The industrial parcel has been occupied by the following tenants and uses: E. F. L. Transportation Inc., a shipping company; Clearwater Trucking Inc., a trucking company; Durkee Drayage Co., a shipping company; SF Enterprises NVOCC, a non-vessel-operating common carrier and ocean freight 1 Due to closures and restrictions resulting from Covid-19 and shelter-in-place orders, research in city directories was provided to the author by staff at the South San Francisco Library. Page 9 of 14 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 50 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *July 2, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ forwarder (S.F. Enterprises 2020); and MainFreight SFO - global supply chain logistics provider (MainFreight 2020). All the known tenants have been in the shipping, trucking, or logistics businesses. Evaluation of 50 Tanforan Avenue The subject property is not currently listed in the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR) or the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), nor was it previously evaluated and found eligible. The following discussion provides an evaluation of the subject property under CRHR Criteria 1–4 and NRHP Criteria A-D for individual eligibility. This evaluation does not address the potential of the historic property as a contributor to a historic district. CRITERIA 1/A (Events) Under CRHR Criteria 1/A, the subject property at 50 Tanforan Avenue does not appear to be associated with any event(s) significant in history. Constructed in 1959 as a shipping warehouse with loading bays for the use of truck freight, the warehouse was part of the trucking, shipping, and warehousing expansion that occurred in South San Francisco following the construction of San Francisco Airport (SFO) in 1953. While the city had large warehousing spaces prior to the construction of SF, the city’s proximity to the airport as well as the bay, and the availability of large parcels of industrial land, made it an optimal location for expansion of these uses following the airport’s construction. The building at 50 Tanforan Avenue is not known to be associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of history. Overall, research did not yield evidence that the property is associated with any events or patterns of events that have historical significance. Therefore, the subject property is not individually significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria A/1. CRITERIA 2/B (Persons) Under CRHR Criterion 2, the subject property at 50 Tanforan Avenue appears to lack associate value related to significant persons. The earlier owners and occupants of the buildings are unknown, and none of the known owners or occupants of the building appear to be important to the industrial development of South San Francisco. No information is known about individuals associated with the original ownership and occupation of the building, and no individual associated with subsequent owners or occupants have had a sustained association with the subject property and its building to the extent necessary to imbue individual significance. Research yielded no evidence that an historically significant individual was involved with the subject property in any other way. Therefore, the subject property is not significant under under NRHP/CRHR Criteria B/2. CRITERIA 3/C (Design/Construction) The subject property at 50 Tanforan Avenue, lacks distinctive architectural character and aesthetic value. The building is a post-war utilitarian warehouse with a rectangular footprint, one-story height, and simple massing with roll-up doors for vehicular use. The building was constructed to maximize available square footage and to allow for the docking of freight trucks. The building is constructed of pre-cast tilt-up concrete walls with a simple wooden plank roof and is typical of the type mid-twentieth century warehouses which developed in suburban industrial zones. Although the architects of the subject property are unknown, the subject building does not appear to represent the work of a master architect or designer. Overall, the subject property reflects common building designs and construction methods, which are found throughout industrial areas in many American cities and does not embody a noteworthy type or method of construction, nor is it associated with any significant designer or builder. Therefore, the subject property is not significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria C/3. CRITERIA 4/D (Information Potential) The subject property at 50 Tanforan Avenue does not have the potential to provide significant information that would promote an understanding of prehistory or history of the built environment. The age-eligible buildings are common examples of a pre- Page 10 of 14 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 50 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *July 2, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ World War II era industrial factory and would not yield information important the historic development of the site. Therefore, the subject property is not significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria D/4.2 CRITERIA 4/D (Information Potential) The subject property at 30 Tanforan Avenue does not have the potential to provide further information that would promote a deeper understanding of the history of the built environment. The property contains age-eligible buildings that are common examples of a 20th century industrial design and would not yield information important the historic development of the property or the city. Therefore, the subject property is not significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria D/4. This evaluation does not apply to the potential for archaeological discovery the property. A full analysis of archaeological value is beyond the scope of this report. Conclusion Based on an evaluation regarding CRHR Criteria 1 through 4, the subject property at 50 Tanforan Avenue is ineligible for individual listing in the CRHR/NRHP. The property is therefore not a historical resource for the purposes of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), in accordance with Section 15064.5(a)(2)-(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, using the criteria outlined in Section 5024.1 of the California Public Resources Code. *B12. References (continued): Bamburg, B. L. ND. South San Francisco Historic Preservation Survey 1985 – 1986: A Comprehensive Study of History and Architecture. City of South San Francisco: CA. Blum, J. 1984. South San Francisco: The Making of an Industrial City. In California History 63(2): Pages 114-134. Bradley, Betsy Hunter. 1999. The Works: The Industrial Architecture of the United States. Oxford University Press, New York, New York. Bradley, Betsy Hunter. 2004. Warehouse. In R. Stephen Sennott (ed.), Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century Architecture, Volume 3, P-Z. R. Fitzroy Dearborn, New York, New York. City of South San Francisco. 2020. Historic Articles: General History. Available here: https://www.ssf.net/our-city/about-south-san-francisco/history/historical-articles. Accessed: June 23, 2020. Kious, J. ND. “Lindenville.” Available here: https://www.ssf.net/our-city/about-south-san-francisco/history/historical-articles. Accessed: June 23, 2020. Mainfreight San Francisco. 2020. About Us. Available here: https://www.mainfreightsfo.com/about-us/. Accessed: July 1, 2020. Martinson, Tom. 2009. Atlas of American Architecture. Rizzoli Publications, New York, New York. Munce, James F. 1960. Industrial Architecture: An Analysis of International Building Practice. F. W. Dodge Corporation, New York, New York. Oakland Tribune (Oakland, California). 1942. “Lubricant Firm Opens S.F. Plant.” June 26. 2 This evaluation does not examine the potential for archaeological or pre-history discovery at the site. Page 11 of 14 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 50 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *July 2, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Nationwide Environmental Title Research, LLC. 1946–2005. 160 South Linden Avenue, CA. Aerial photograph. Historic Aerials Viewer. Available: https://www.historicaerials.com/viewer. Accessed: July 1, 2020. Page & Turnbull, Inc. 2009. South of Market Area, San Francisco, California Historic Context Statement. Final. Prepared for City and County of San Francisco Planning Department. ParcelQuest. 2020. 160 South Linden Avenue, South San Francisco, CA 94080. Available: https://www.parcelquest.com/. Accessed: July 1, 2020. Rappaport, Nina. 2004. Factory. In R. Stephen Sennott (ed.), Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century Architecture, Volume 1, A-F. R. Fitzroy Dearborn, New York, New York. San Francisco Examiner (San Francisco, California). 1935. “Du Pont Purchase Largest In Years.” July 27. ———. 1943. “Help Wanted.” July 11. ———. 1947. “Six Tanneries Hit By Strikes.” January 21. ———. 1953. “Mrs. Poetsche Estate Filed.” February 24. ———. 1966. “Lawrence Vannucci At 77.” January 16. ———. 1973. “Harry Gamlen Rites.” January 15. ———. 1985. “Foreign Competition, environmental laws tanned their hide.” December 4. S.F. Enterprises. 2020. Home. Available here: http://www.sfenterprises.net/. Accessed: July 12, 2020. SurveyLA. 2018. Los Angeles Citywide Historic Context Statement, Context: Industrial Development, 1850-1980. Prepared for the City of Los Angeles, Department of City Planning, Office of Historic Resources. September 2011, revised February 2018. The Times (San Mateo, California). 1949. “DuPont Plans SSF Expansion.” April 1. ———. 1947. “Deadlock in Tan Strike.” January 30. ———. 1955. “$75,000 Fire Razes SSF Chemical Plant.” June 12. ———. 1958. “Building in S.S.F. Heads For Record.” August 12. ———. 1960. “S.S.F. Opening New Company.” April 23. ———. 1963. “New Product for S.S.F. Firm.” August 26. ———. 1972a. “Companies Told To Push Negative.” April 24. ———. 1972b. “New Headquarters Started.” April 24. ———. 1975. “Gamlen Chemical Expands.” January 24. Page 12 of 14 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 50 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *July 2, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ UC Santa Barbara. 2020a. “FrameFinder.” Flight DDB, Frame 2B-135, October 11, 1943. Accessed June 19, 2020. Available: http://mil.library.ucsb.edu/ap_indexes/FrameFinder/. ———. 2020b. “FrameFinder.” Flight CAS-65-130, Frame 1-51, May 11, 1965. Accessed June 19, 2020. Available: http://mil.library.ucsb.edu/ap_indexes/FrameFinder/. Page 13 of 14 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 50 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *July 2, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Additional Figures: Figure 2. Aerial view of industrial parcel at 50 Tanforan Avenue, outlined in yellow. Source: San Mateo County Property Maps Portal, 2020. Figure 3. View of the west façade showing cast-in-pace concrete pilasters. Source: Marx/Okubo Associates, Inc. August 29, 2018. Page 14 of 14 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 50 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *July 2, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Figure 4. Roof Detail with Parapet and Vents. Source: Marx/Okubo Associates, Inc. August 29, 2018. Page 1 of 16 *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 54 Tanforan Avenue *P11. Report Citation: ICF. 2020. Southline Specific Plan Project Draft Environmental Impact Report. November. Prepared for the City of South San Francisco, California. *Attachments: NONE  Location Map  Sketch Map  Continuation Sheet  Building, Structure, and Object Record  Archaeological Record District Record  Linear Feature Record  Milling Station Record  Rock Art Record  Artifact Record  Photograph Record DPR 523A (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # ____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # _______________________________________ PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial _____________________________________ NRHP Status Code __________ Other Listings __________ Review Code __________ Reviewer ____________________________ Date ___________ P1. Other Identifier: None *P2. Location:  Not for Publication  Unrestricted *a. County San Mateo *b. USGS 7.5’ Quad San Francisco South, CA Date 2018 T R ¼ of ¼ of Sec B.M. c. Address: 54 Tanforan Avenue City South San Francisco Zip 94080 d. UTM: (give more than one for large and/or linear resources) Zone 10 S; 551551.14 mE/ 4166197.45 mN e. Other Locational Data: (e.g., parcel #, directions to resource, elevation, etc., as appropriate) Assessor’s parcel number (APN) 014‐250‐050 *P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries) The subject resource evaluated in this Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) form is one of six adjacent parcels and one linear resource, which are evaluated in separate DPR forms. The subject parcel evaluated in this DPR contains one industrial warehouse building built circa 1943 (Figure 1 and Figure 2). (See Continuation Sheet) *P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) HP8. Industrial Building *P4. Resources Present:  Building  Structure  Object  Site  District  Element of District  Other P5b. Figure 1: Industrial warehouse building with administrative office addition in foreground, facing northwest, 2018. Source: Source: Marx Okubo Associates, Inc, Property Conditions Assessment for 54 Tanforan Avenue. *P6. Date Constructed/Age and Sources: Historic  Prehistoric  Both Circa 1943 (1943 historic aerial photograph; UC Santa Barbara 2020a) *P7. Owner and Address: LPGS Tanforan LLC 644 Menlo Avenue, Suite 204 Menlo Park, CA 94025 *P8. Recorded by: (Name, affiliation, address) Andrea Dumovich, ICF 201 Mission Street, Suite 1500 San Francisco, CA 94105 *P9. Date Recorded: June 22, 2020 *P10. Survey Type: Intensive P5a. Photograph or Drawing (Photograph required for buildings, structures and objects) Page 2 of 16 *NRHP Status Code 6Z *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 54 Tanforan Avenue DPR 523B (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ BUILDING, STRUCTURE, AND OBJECT RECORD B1. Historic Name: American Brake Shoe Company; E. F Houghton Co. B2. Common Name: 54 Tanforan Avenue B3. Original Use: Industrial foundry casting warehouse for American Brake Shoe Company B4. Present Use: Unknown; Industrial warehouse and administrative offices *B5. Architectural Style: Utilitarian/industrial *B6. Construction History: (Construction date, alteration, and date of alterations) (See Continuation Sheet) *B7. Moved?  No  Yes  Unknown Date: N/A Original Location: N/A *B8. Related Features: Parking lot B9a. Architect: Original architect unknown; Gordon Chong, AIA (1978 alterations to office addition) B9b. Builder: Warren H Hoyt (General Contractor in 1957) *B10. Significance: Theme N/A Area N/A Period of Significance N/A Property Type N/A Applicable Criteria N/A Historic Context South San Francisco Industrial History South San Francisco’s industrial history begins in the 1890s when the South San Francisco Land and Improvement Company acquired land from what was part of Henry Miller’s vast land empire to build stockyards, meat packing facilities, and a company town. Since those beginnings, the meat packing industry has given way to steel, metals and construction, manufacturing, transportation, chemicals, and biotechnologies. Development within the city resulting from each industry gradually influenced the other industries and shaped the overall profile of South San Francisco as it exists today. This context discusses three key areas industries in South San Francisco: meat-packing and tanneries; construction materials, and chemical manufacturing. (See Continuation Sheet) B11. Additional Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) *B12. References: (See Continuation Sheet) B13. Remarks: N/A *B14. Evaluator: Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date of Evaluation: June 22, 2020 (This space reserved for official comments.) (Sketch Map with north arrow required.) Page 3 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 54 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ *P3a. Description (continued): The subject property is in the Lindenville area of South San Francisco. It is an industrial parcel composed of an irregular-shaped lot that is surrounded by other industrial properties and accessed from the south via a two-lane drive from Tanforan Avenue. The subject parcel is bound by the following properties: 30 Tanforan Avenue to the west (APN 014‐250‐090), 50 Tanforan Avenue to the south (APN 014‐250‐080), 160 S Linden Avenue (APN 014‐241‐040) and 240 Dollar Avenue (APN 014‐241‐030) to the east, and 325 S Maple Avenue (APN 014‐232‐030) to the north. A Southern Pacific Railroad (SPRR) spur right-of-way historically ran along the subject parcel’s northwest boundary, and contained two branches that entered the subject property—one to the west and another at the east of the building—as well as other branches that entered adjacent industrial parcels. The rail infrastructure of the SPRR spur and branches is no longer extant; the history of the line is described in detail in the linear resource record associated with this DPR. The parcel is paved, except for ornamental vegetation in raised beds that lines the foundation along two facades of the administrative office addition is located. 54 Tanforan Avenue (building) The building at the center of the parcel is an industrial warehouse that ranges from one to two stories in height and was constructed ca.1943. It has an irregular-shaped footprint composed of a primary volume and two small building projections along its east façade and one administrative office addition at the southeast corner of the building (built in 1959). The building is utilitarian in design, prioritizing functionality over style (Figure 3). However, the rectangular administrative office addition at the building’s southeast corner contains elements of Midcentury Modern style, such as horizontal massing, aluminum-frame windows, and a flat roof with a wide overhang (Figure 4). It appears that most of the building sits on a raised concrete foundation. It’s constructed of reinforced concrete or concrete blocks . Parts of the building are clad in corrugated metal siding, and the administrative office addition is clad in what appears to be either redwood siding. The building’s roof form is varied throughout: the north façade contains a two-story entrance under a front-gable, flanked by two one-story volumes with flat roofs. The rest of the original building contains a sawtooth roof with windows that face east (Figure 5 - Figure 7). Moving from north to south: the rectangular-plan projection at the north end of the east facade contains a flat roof with no eaves; the rectangular-plan projection at the south end of the building’s east façade contains a end gabled roof; and the administrative office addition abuts the south projection along it’s south façade and has a flat roof with extended eaves. The building’s main pedestrian entrance appears to be located in the administrative office addition, which is composed of an aluminum frame pedestrian door and side lite (Figure 8). The building contains a mix of numerous vehicular roll-down metal doors, pedestrian doors, and multi-pane steel frame windows with operable sashes along the east and west facades, along with some replacement windows and doors (Figure 9). The administrative office addition contains aluminum frame casement and slider windows. *B6. Construction History (continued): As indicated by historic aerials from 1946 and Sanborn Maps from 1950, the subject industrial complex originally contained numerous buildings, including the only extant building that remains on the site (NETR 1946; Sanborn Map Company 1950: 30). Relevant permits filed included the following alterations to the industrial complex at 54 Tanforan Avenue: new metal door added to the south façade of the extant building (1953); alterations to the extant building from foundry casting to manufacturing use and alterations to the west wing of the subject building (1957); numerous exterior repairs were made in 1959 to prepare for the site’s new tenant, E.F. Houghton & Company, including the construction of a new interior laboratory (1959); new administrative office addition at the extant building’s south and east facades, at the building’s southeast corner (1959); replacement of pedestrian doors and 10 windows with new sashes at the extant building’s east façade projection, at the building’s north end (1959), pedestrian door installed at the extant building’s northeast corner (1959), additional sawtooth added to existing sawtooth roof, at the east side of the extant building (1959); patch repairs to corrugated iron walls and roof of extant building (1959); six buildings on the parcel were demolished (1959); alterations to the extant building’s office addition, including new interior partitions and minor exterior alterations (1978); and interior mezzanine floor redesign of extant building (1982) (Figure 10) (South San Francisco 1953-1982; The Times San Mateo 1960: 11). Page 4 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 54 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Per visual analysis, parts of the extant building’s exterior corrugated metal panels have been replaced and some of the panels are rusted; at least one pedestrian door is boarded over; and a building projection at the building’s east façade, at the north end, contains broken wood-frame windows and a damaged roof. The SPRR Colma Segment spur’s right of way located at the subject parcels northern boundary was built circa 1947. Please refer to the associated Linear Feature Record for a detailed history regarding the SPRR spur. *B10. Significance (continued): Historic Context – continued South San Francisco’s first large industry was launched when Gustavus Swift, the meat magnate who developed the first refrigerated freight car, visited the area in 1887 with the aim of establishing meat packing houses and an industrial suburb in San Mateo County. The location had several advantages for Swift’s operation: it was close enough to San Francisco to reach the city’s markets, but far enough away to ensure commercial and political independence from the city. In addition, with prevailing winds from the west and the bay to the east, South San Francisco was geographically situated in a way which would mitigate the noxious fumes and effluents generated by industry. In 1891, the area, which Swift named South San Francisco, began filling with workers from “Butchertown”, located to the north in San Francisco’s Bayview Neighborhood, who were moving into the city’s industrial suburbs (Blum 1984). As population and industry expanded, meat packing developed many spin-off industries in South San Francisco, including tanneries, wool pulleries, and fertilizer plants, with many of the businesses relocating from San Francisco’s Bayview Neighborhood. The Poetsch & Peterson Tannery is exemplary of many of the businesses that developed out of South San Francisco’s meat packing industry in being connected with the meat packing industry (in their use of hides) and in employing manual labor and chemical/industrial processes. South San Francisco also developed construction materials businesses beginning in the mid-1890s, when the Baden Brick Factory, the Molath Brick Company, and the South San Francisco Lumber Company established themselves in the city (Bamburg ND). By 1907, completion of the 9.8-mile Southern Pacific Railroad Bayshore Cutoff connected South San Francisco’s industrial yards to San Francisco markets in the north. Further construction-related businesses soon emerged that were focused on the development of steel and metal foundries which were needed to supply materials to San Francisco as it rebuilt following the 1906 earthquake (Blum 1984:128; City of South San Francisco 2020a). In 1906, the Selby Smelting and Lead Company’s purchase of land on San Bruno Point raised concerns of pollution from South San Francisco landowners, prompting San Mateo County to pass an ordinance against smelting within County lines. In turn, the City of South San Francisco incorporated in 1908, exempting the City from the ordinance, and allowing the city’s industrial development to rapidly expand (Blum 1984:131). Beginning with Pacific Jupiter Steel (later Bethlehem Steel), South San Francisco’s foundry and metal production industries expanded to include the Meese and Gottfried Co., Pacific Car and Equipment, Shaw Batcher Steel (later United States Steel), the Edward Wire Rope Co. (which would provide cable for the Golden Gate Bridge), the Doak Sheet Metal Company, the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, and others. By the 1920s, South San Francisco was already celebrating its heavy industry, installing the first sign on Signal Hill reading “SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO THE INDUSTRIAL CITY” in 1923, and replacing it with sixty-foot high concrete letters in 1929 (Bamburg ND). The steel, metals, and materials industries received a boost from defense spending during both world wars, but particularly during WWII. In 1943, Bethlehem Steel was hiring mill helpers, hearth stockers, and yard laborers in support of the war effort at its South San Francisco plant (San Francisco Examiner 1943b:39), While some non-defense related metal and manufacturing employers like American Brake Shoe saw growth as well, others (such as Poetsch & Peterson) experienced difficulties due to war-time embargos on materials. With South San Francisco’s population doubling as defense workers poured into the city during WWII, the Federal Government built emergency housing at several locations. The developments were cheaply constructed and densely packed. Lindenville, a 720-unit development for 4,200 people, was constructed between Victory and Railroad Avenues as a series of barrack-like row units (Bamburg ND; Kious ND). Many of these emergency housing units were demolished after the war. At the conclusion of the WWII, industries continued to grow, as suburbanization in California produced demand for metals, concrete, lumber, and other materials. Vannucci Brothers Concrete Construction Company maintained a South San Francisco office while supplying concrete for the development of California’s massive freeway system (San Francisco Examiner 1966:56). In 1955, when Governor Goodwin Knight presented the “Man of Industry” award in front of 400 civic and industrial Page 5 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 54 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ leaders he said, “For better or for worse, San Mateo county has made its choice for industry. You have voted to see smoke stacks rather than geraniums.” (The Times [San Mateo] 1955:1). However, his choice of recipient – M.W. Reece, vice-president of the South San Francisco’s Reinhold Chemical Corporation – illustrated a transition away from the smokes stacks which had defined the city through the war-era and towards the emergence of light industry: distribution centers, office parks, and chemicals. The “industrial city” was giving way to more light industry plants (like Stuart Manufacturing, Sun Tube Corp., Sees Candy, and Ray Winther Co.) as well as distribution business connected to the San Francisco Airport, which was constructed in 1953 (City of South San Francisco 2020). By the 1960s, heavy industry in South San Francisco was winding down (City of South San Francisco 2020). In 1981, the Bethlehem Steel building was torn down (City of South San Francisco 2020). South San Francisco’s chemical industry began developing in the mid-1930s. In 1935, the South San Francisco Land and Improvement company won out against Los Angeles County in enticing the E.I. du Pont de Nemours Company to purchase a seven-acre area on Linden Avenue (including the parcel containing 160 South Linden Avenue) to construct a varnish and lacquer plant (San Francisco Examiner 1935b:4) which was constructed by 1940. Meanwhile, other chemical companies were establishing local facilities on the west coast, often in the Bay View district of San Francisco. In 1935, the Gamlen Chemical Company, founded by Harry Gamlen, a Canadian-born engineer and inventor, began its operations in San Francisco (San Francisco Examiner 1973:41). E.F. Houghton & Co, a Pennsylvania chemical corporation specializing in industrial lubricants, mining lubricants, textile processing oils, tannery oils, and heat treating products, also located in San Francisco at Quint Street and Davidson Avenue (Oakland Tribune 1942:30). Following WWII, many of the light industry and chemical businesses located in San Francisco Bay View began to relocate to South San Francisco to take advantage of the large industrial yards now available for non-war time production. In 1949, du Point expanded a further 5.8 acres in South San Francisco, occupying a corner of Dollar and Tanforan Avenues no longer used for war production to expand its west coast business operations. The post war boom brought demand for chemical products such as finishes for consumer products like cars, ships, and refrigerators (The Times [San Mateo] 1949:4). By the mid-1950s, Gamlen Chemical had relocated to 321 Victory Avenue (The Times [San Mateo] 1955:1) and E. I. du Pont de Nemours Paint was expanding on 160 South Linden Avenue. In 1958, the City of South San Francisco reported a record year for building permits, doubling the previous year’s amount (The Times [San Mateo] 1958:15). E.F. Houghton & Company opened their 300,000 square-foot manufacturing plant, laboratory, office building and storage yard, at the site of the former American Brake Shoe Company at 54 Tanforan Avenue in 1960 (The Times [San Mateo] 1960:11) and were soon launching a new line of aluminum lubricants (The Times [San Mateo] 1963:24). The 1960s also found Merk and Company’s Marine Magnesium Plant expanding in the city (City of South San Francisco 2020). By the mid-70s, E. F. Houghton & Company were hiring local chemistry and physics graduates and becoming something of an industry thought- leader, employing Gerald Loeb – the “Wizard of Wall Street”, a financial author credited with predicting the 1929 stock market crash- as a senior consultant (The Times [San Mateo] 1972a: 21). Gamlen Chemical also expanded operations in the city during the 1970s, constructing a 2-story, 7,200-square foot international headquarters which would house it technical, customer service, and electronic data processing staff (The Times [San Mateo] 1972b:21) and later expanded its central marketing and development operations (The Times [San Mateo] 1975: 25). The chemical industry took a further turn in the 1970s, when Robert Swanson and Dr. Herbert Boyer founded Genentech, spurring new developments the biotech and pharmaceutical industries which would further shape the city’s future. 20th Century Industrial Building Typology More than any other building type, the forms of industrial buildings have historically reflected their functions. Industrial buildings have housed a myriad of uses which include printing, manufacturing, food processing, and warehousing in the early 20th century, as well as later light-industrial functions such as auto repair, office, and commercial in the post-World War II era (Page & Turnbull, Inc. 2009:90). The production processes conducted inside have determined the buildings’ design and organization, in which exterior ornament remained subordinate to more utilitarian concerns. Improvements in building materials and techniques allowed for the bigger and highly functional industrial buildings. Following earlier load-bearing brick construction, reinforced concrete provided for new innovation in industrial building design during the early 20th century. American builders and owners remained wary of reinforced concrete construction until its benefits were clearly revealed when representative buildings survived major earthquakes and fires. Employing reinforced concrete in the design of a new type of industrial production building—the automobile factory—Detroit’s Albert Kahn distinguished himself as the first significant 20th century American industrial architect. Establishing a new precedent for industrial architecture, Kahn Page 6 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 54 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ worked in close consultation with production experts and engineers to fit the massive hyper-functional building to the needs of the manufacturing process. Kahn’s design principals influenced industrial design throughout the early and mid-20th century. His principles included industrial building configurations that included administrative wings, parking lots, and landscape setbacks fronting shed, sawtooth, or convex-roofed factories so as to obstruct their visibility from streets and highways (Bradley 1999:156–58; Munce 1960:40; Rappaport 2004:433). Other early techniques were exemplified by design accomplishments overseas. Peter Behrens and Mies van der Rohe created a new steel and glass curtain wall system for a turbine factory in Berlin in 1908–1909 that maximized natural lighting, freely exposed the building’s steel skeletal farming, that proved highly influential in the field of industrial building design. Only a few years after its construction, industrial buildings widely implemented the steel industrial sash window system (SurveyLA 2018: 198). Over the next several decades, innovations in prefabrication and framing enabled the design of industrial buildings that appeared lighter and incorporated more windows on both exterior facades and roofs (Martinson 2009:283; Rappaport 2004:433). During World War II, the design of industrial production buildings began to shift away from maximization of natural lighting and ventilation. As Bradley explains, “the new model was based on the utilization of artificial lighting, air-conditioning, and forced air circulation to optimize working conditions in structures with few openings” (Bradley 1999:4). Industrial building design in the post-World War II era was characterized by a proliferation of sprawling one-story factory buildings, a product of wartime production that responded to demand for low-cost construction and the increasingly horizontal orientation of production processes. As architectural historian Nina Rappaport explains, “the one-story shed-type building allowed for larger machines and more flexible and open floor plans for the new horizontal assembly-line production, which could then be shifted easily to the truck- and train-based transportation systems, with train lines running close to or even through a manufacturing plant.” During this period in the United States, manufacturing industries also began to relocate from urban cores to booming suburbs or other peripheral zones of new development. Even in the face of a changing industrial environment, the new factory facilities continued to reflect some of the planning principles pioneered by Kahn in the early 20thcentury, including roof forms, setbacks, parking areas, and minimal to non-existent architectural ornament. However, emerging corporate emphasis on teamwork and organizational psychology led to the introduction of post-war amenities such as cafeterias, athletic facilities, and lounges for workers, as well as a trend away from the earlier separation of administrative offices from factory production spaces. Throughout the 20th century, with the priority of industrial architectural design has remained rooted in efficiency and profit. Industrial processes and products are constantly refined to maximize return on investment. Consequently, industrial properties are frequently altered to accommodate new product manufacturing processes or updated technologies. Full or partial demolition is commonplace, resulting in industrial areas characterized by buildings with widely varying dates of construction and reflecting different industries and contexts over time. Sawtooth Roof Forms Natural top lighting through the incorporation of a “sawtooth” roof is a common feature in industrial building design. The term comes from the exterior profile of repeating, jagged points akin to the teeth of a saw. The long, repeating angled banks of windows typically contain north-facing glazing, so as to allow in light but never the penetrating sun that would occur with south- facing glazing (Bradley 1999:192). Sawtooth roofs were sometimes featured in textile industrial buildings just prior to the turn of the 20th century, however, they wouldn’t become prevalently used throughout industrial architecture until World War II (Bradley 1999:193). Sawtooth roofs are typically supported by columns at their valleys but may also be supported by any variety of truss systems that alleviate the need for columns, such is the case at 240 Dollar Avenue (Bradley 1999:192). Although popularized in industrial architecture during World War II, by 1952 only 15 percent of American factories and manufacturing buildings of any type had top lighting due to technological advancements with interior lighting and the form fell out of favor (Munce 1960:50, Reid 1951:28–29). Industrial Warehouses The function of warehouse buildings revolves around storing and transporting goods (e.g., storing, processing, distributing, and sometimes light manufacturing). A number of factors have historically influenced their design. Fire safety and theft Page 7 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 54 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ prevention needs have resulted in builders using thick masonry walls and slow-burning materials, such as iron for doors and shutters. Evolving construction technologies have allowed builders to update warehouse construction materials throughout the 20th century as mentioned early, evolving from early-century load-bearing brick to concrete construction that continued throughout the mid-century era (Page & Turnbull, Inc. 2009:93). During the mid-twentieth century, warehouse design underwent significant change in response to economic pressures for cost reduction and the movement of warehousing and other industrial operations from the urban core to the suburbs and other peripheral zones. In this process, one-story buildings with concrete floors and ceilings rising 20 feet or more became the norm. The use of forklift trucks and pallets became standardized in warehousing. Climate control technology and artificial lighting reduced the number of windows or eliminated them entirely. Sprawling warehouse buildings in suburban industrial zones might be screened from view at the street by office wings or vegetative set-backs. In other cases, a public entry or office might be ensconced in one corner of the building. As architectural historian Betsy Hunter Bradley explains, in other portions of most offices associated with warehouse buildings, “freight doors, truck docks, and railroad sidings became the only features,” while “brick and other siding materials enclosed bland, unstyled” buildings “intended to blend in with nearby commercial and industrial structures” (Bradley 2004:1432). Due to the advancement of building materials in the post-World War II era, low-cost prefabrication options further stripped warehouse facades. They became simple utilitarian buildings with uncomplicated footprints, boxed massing, flat roofs, and modest siding or exposed concrete or concrete block (Munce 1960:47–48). Key features of post-war warehouse industrial buildings include: • a rectangular footprint; • one-story height; • simple massing; • raised foundation with loading docks; • roll-up doors for vehicular use; • minimal fenestration or complete lack of windows; • utilitarian style, often with no ornamentation; • prefabricated materials; • and simple siding. Site History The earliest historic aerial clearly showing the subject site and extant building is dated 1943 (UC Santa Barbara 2020a). Surrounding land included other industrial parcels in the immediate vicinity, as well as residential homes south of Tanforan Avenue, and the Tanforan racetrack to the west of Huntington Avenue East (presently South Maple Avenue). The right-of-way for the SPRR Colma Segment spur tracks and branch lines appear to be present in 1943. A 1950 Sanborn map reveals that two branches from the SPRR spur flanked the extant industrial building to the east and west at that time. According to the 1950 Sanborn map, the subject building operated as “American Brake Shoe & Foundry Co. of California” and contained several ancillary buildings to the north, east, and south of the subject building which are no longer extant (Sanborn Map Company 1950: 30). In 1959, the administrative office addition was built at the extant building’s southeast corner (City of South San Francisco 1953-1982). In 1960, the subject building served as an oil and chemical manufacturing space for occupant E.F. Houghton & Company, with 30,000 square feet of building space and an “enlarged shipping and receiving facilities that include[d] trackage to handle up to 20 tank cars and-or rail box cars at one time,” which supported the company’s shipping capacity to places throughout the western United States (Times San Mateo 1960: 11). The 1960s saw continued buildout in the immediate area, including both industrial and residential development (UC Santa Barbara 2020b). It is unclear what date the branches of the SPRR spur were removed from the subject property, however, it appears that the tracks were removed by 2000 (UC Santa Barbara 2020c). (Additional site history specific to the SPRR spur is presented in the Linear Feature Record.) Page 8 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 54 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Ownership and Occupant History Known owners and occupants of the subject property are summarized in the tables below, which encompass the industrial parcel (addressed as 54 Tanforan Avenue). Ownership information was gathered through tax assessor’s data and permit/site records obtained at the City of South San Francisco Building Division. Occupant information for the industrial plant was gathered through a combination of available directories and reverse directories, and building permits.1 Ownership OwnershipYear Owner 1943 - 1995 Unknown 1995 Rogers Trucking 2012 Philip L and Maryann L Rogers Trust 2014 Ralph Rogers Jr. Trust Tanforan Rogers Venture LLC Jane A Rogers Trust Unknown–present LPGS Tanforan LLC Occupancy Year Occupant 1943-1953 American Brake Shoe Company c1957-1972 E. F Houghton & Co. 1978-1982 Rodoni Becker Co., Inc 1986-1994 Haul Away Trucking Co Inc. 1995 Krystal Trucking Inc. 2005 Compass Transportation; SFO Airporter Inc. Present Unknown Historic newspaper research uncovered little to no information regarding most of the owners listed above and their relationship to the subject buildings. Relevant information is summarized below. The extant building was likely constructed for and originally owned by American Brake Shoe Company, who occupied the building in 1943 and remained for approximately ten years. American Brake Shoe Company began in Rochester, New York in 1902 as a company specializing in railroad brake shoe, freight car wheels, and train track supplies. By the 1950s, American Brake Shoe Company expanded to specialized materials and items including high alloy steels, air compressors, and aircraft brake lining, among others. By 1954, American Brake Shoe Company had 55 plants in the U.S., with three in Canada and one in France (The Daily Notes 1954: 1; Fandom 2020). In circa 1957, the occupant of 54 Tanforan Avenue was E.F. Houghton & Company, who occupied the subject building for approximately 15 years. Oils and chemical manufacturer, E.F. Houghton & Company was established in Pennsylvania in 1865 (The Los Angeles Times 1947: 18; The San Francisco Examiner 1960: 49; The Times San Mateo 1960: 11). In 1960, newspaper articles note the opening of the E.F. Houghton & Company plant at 54 Tanforan Avenue, which replaced its former location in San Francisco. A.S. Herwitz of Burlingame was the plant manager and John Bermingham was the western sales manager for the entire western United States region (The San Francisco Examiner 1960: 49; The Times San Mateo 1960: 11). No pertinent information was uncovered regarding tenants Rodoni Becker Co., Inc; Haul Away Trucking Co Inc.; Krystal Trucking Inc.; Compass Transportation; and SFO Airporter Inc., however these tenants were all related to transportation use. 1 Due to closures and restrictions resulting from Covid-19 and shelter-in-place orders, research in city directories was provided to the author by staff at the South San Francisco Library. Page 9 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 54 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Evaluation of 54 Tanforan Avenue The subject property is not currently listed in the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR) or the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), nor was it previously evaluated and found eligible. The following discussion provides an evaluation of the subject property (including both age-eligible buildings) under CRHR Criteria 1–4 and NRHP Criteria A-D for individual eligibility. This evaluation does not address the potential of the buildings located at the historic property to contributors to a historic district. CRITERIA A/1 (Events) Under NRHP/CRHR Criteria A/1, the subject property at 54 Tanforan Avenue does not appear to individually convey an association with any event(s) significant in history. Following the incorporation of South San Francisco in 1908, the city’s industrial development quickly grew and numerous heavy industrial businesses specializing in meat packing or construction materials began operations in the area, including Pacific Jupiter Steel (later Bethlehem Steel), the Meese and Gottfried Co., Pacific Car and Equipment, Shaw Batcher Steel (later United States Steel), the Edward Wire Rope Co., and others. In the World War II era, light industrial companies relocated to South San Francisco, and the general vicinity surrounding the subject property redeveloped to accommodate light industry with distribution centers, office parks, and chemical industry uses. The subject property developed within the context of South San Francisco’s industrial context and was constructed in the early 1940s, at which time numerous other industrial businesses were prevalent in the general vicinity of the subject property, including Poetsch & Peterson Tannery at 325 South Maple Avenue. While the subject parcel followed the general pattern of development and use established for industrial development in South San Francisco, 54 Tanforan Avenue was not the earliest industrial building nor is it individually exemplary of the city’s overall industrial development. Additionally, the subject building does not appear to individually convey the innovations of American Brake Shoe Company, which was founded in 1902 in New York as a railroad brake shoe, freight car wheels, and train track supplier. By 1954 the company had expanded to 55 locations throughout the United States, including the subject property in circa 1943. 54 Tanforan Avenue was later occupied in 1960 by E.F. Houghton & Company—a Pennsylvania chemical corporation specializing in industrial lubricants, mining lubricants, textile processing oils, tannery oils, and heat treating products. Although E.F. Houghton & Company launched a new line of aluminum lubricants while occupying 54 Tanforan Avenue, the facilities at the subject parcel do not individually convey the company’s invention. Therefore, the subject property is not individually significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria A/1. CRITERIA B/2 (Person) Under NRHP/CRHR Criteria B/2, the subject property at 54 Tanforan Avenue appears to lack associative value related to significant persons. None of the known owners of the industrial parcel or occupants of the buildings appear to be important to industrial development in South San Francisco. Although several individuals were employed by the property’s earliest known occupant, American Brake Shoe Company, and later E.F. Houghton & Company, along with other tenants who worked within the subject property, no individual would have had a sustained association with the subject property and its buildings to the extent necessary to imbue significance under Criteria B/2. Furthermore, the subject property is not directly tied to E.F. Houghton & Company’s plant manager, A.S. Herwitz, or western sales manager, John Bermingham, or important periods in company history of any of the buildings’ occupants. Properties eligible for listing in the NRHP/CRHR for association with a historically significant individual(s) are typically properties where such an individual performed the work or other activities for which he or she is known. Research yielded no evidence that either building has any significant association with significant persons. Therefore, the subject property is not individually significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria B/2. CRITERIA C/3 (Design/Construction) Under NRHP/CRHR Criteria C/3, the subject property at 54 Tanforan Avenue lacks distinctive architectural character and aesthetic value that would rise to the level of individual significance. Although the original architect of the subject property is unknown, the subject building does not appear to represent the work of a master architect or designer. The industrial warehouse building contains a sawtooth roof form, which were commonly found on World War II-era industrial buildings and enabled natural Page 10 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 54 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ light to flood factory buildings. Additionally, the subject building’s sawtooth roof is not the only remaining example in South San Francisco; several sawtooth industrial buildings are located throughout the immediate area, such as 202 Littlefield Avenue; 499 Railroad Avenue; and 350 Victory Avenue, which does not contain windows at the roof but does contain a distinctive sawtooth roof form. The building was altered in 1959 to accommodate tenant E.F. Houghton & Company, which included the construction of the administrative office addition and additional sawtooth added to existing sawtooth roof, among other alterations. The administrative addition exhibits some characteristics of the Midcentury Modern style; however, these elements were commonly applied to buildings of this type in the 1950s and the addition is not an exceptional example of the style. Overall, the subject property is characterized by its industrial use. Neither the sawtooth roof or the mid-century addition the extant building reflects elements of certain architectural styles, it does not rise to the level of individual high artistic value. The building reflects common building designs and construction methods, which are found throughout industrial areas in many American cities. Therefore, the subject property is not individually significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria C/3. CRITERIA D/4 (Information Potential) The subject property at 30 Tanforan Avenue does not have the potential to provide further information that would promote a deeper understanding of the history of the built environment. The property contains age-eligible buildings that are common examples of a 20th century industrial design and would not yield information important the historic development of the property or the city. Therefore, the subject property is not individually significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria D/4. This evaluation does not apply to the potential for archaeological discovery the property. A full analysis of archaeological value is beyond the scope of this report. Conclusion Based on an evaluation regarding NRHP/CRHR Criteria, the subject property at 54 Tanforan Avenue is ineligible for individual listing. The property is therefore not a historical resource for the purposes of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), in accordance with Section 15064.5(a)(2)-(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, using the criteria outlined in Section 5024.1 of the California Public Resources Code *B12. References (continued): Bamburg, B. L. ND. South San Francisco Historic Preservation Survey 1985 – 1986: A Comprehensive Study of History and Architecture. City of South San Francisco: CA. Blum, J. 1984. South San Francisco: The Making of an Industrial City. In California History 63(2): Pages 114-134. Bradley, Betsy Hunter. 1999. The Works: The Industrial Architecture of the United States. Oxford University Press, New York, New York. Bradley, Betsy Hunter. 2004. Warehouse. In R. Stephen Sennott (ed.), Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century Architecture, Volume 3, P-Z. R. Fitzroy Dearborn, New York, New York. City of South San Francisco. 2020. Historic Articles: General History. Available here: https://www.ssf.net/our-city/about-south-san-francisco/history/historical-articles. Accessed: June 23, 2020. Fandom. 2020. “American Brake Shoe & Foundry.” Available: https://mycompanies.fandom.com/wiki/American_Brake_Shoe_%26_Foundry_Company. Accessed: June 24, 2020. Kious, J. ND. “Lindenville.” Available here: https://www.ssf.net/our-city/about-south-san-francisco/history/historical-articles. Accessed: June 23, 2020. Martinson, Tom. 2009. Atlas of American Architecture. Rizzoli Publications, New York, New York. Page 11 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 54 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Mozingo, Louise A. 2011. Pastoral Capitalism: A History of Suburban Corporate Landscapes. MIT Press, Cambridge Massachusetts. Munce, James F. 1960. Industrial Architecture: An Analysis of International Building Practice. F. W. Dodge Corporation, New York, New York. Nationwide Environmental Title Research, LLC. (NETR). 1946. 54 Tanforan Avenue, South San Francisco, CA. Aerial photograph. Historic Aerials Viewer. Available: https://www.historicaerials.com/viewer. Accessed: July 13, 2020. Oakland Tribune (Oakland, California). 1942. “Lubricant Firm Opens S.F. Plant” June 26. Page & Turnbull, Inc. 2009. South of Market Area, San Francisco, California Historic Context Statement. Final. Prepared for City and County of San Francisco Planning Department. Rappaport, Nina. 2004. Factory. In R. Stephen Sennott (ed.), Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century Architecture, Volume 1, A-F. R. Fitzroy Dearborn, New York, New York. Reid, Kenneth. 1951. “Factory Design Offers a Challenge to Every Architect,” in Industrial Buildings: The Architectural Record of a Decade. New York: F.W. Dodge Corporation. Sanborn Map Company. 1950. Insurance Maps of South San Francisco, California. Sheet 30. New York: Sanborn Map Company. San Francisco Examiner (San Francisco, California). 1935b. “Du Pont Purchase Largest In Years.” July 27. ———.1943b. “Help Wanted.” July 11. ———. 1966. “Lawrence Vannucci At 77.” January 16. ———.1973. “Harry Gamlen Rites.” January 15. South San Francisco 1953-1982. Building Division permits (relevant building permits issued for the subject parcel). SurveyLA. 2018. Los Angeles Citywide Historic Context Statement, Context: Industrial Development, 1850-1980. Prepared for the City of Los Angeles, Department of City Planning, Office of Historic Resources. September 2011, revised February 2018. The Daily Notes. 1954. “American Brake Shoe Company Reviews History.” October 14. The Los Angeles Times. 1947. “Glendale Blast Judgements Upheld.” May 8. The San Francisco Examiner. 1960. “New South S.F. Plant.” April 19. The Times San Mateo. 1949. “DuPont Plans SSF Expansion” April 1. ———. 1955. “$75,000 Fire Razes SSF Chemical Plant.” June 12. ———.1958. “Building in S.S.F. Heads For Record.” August. ———.1960. “S.S.F. Opening New Company.” April 23. Page 12 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 54 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ ———.1963. “New Product for S.S.F. Firm.” August 26. ———.1972a. “Companies Told To Push Negative.” April 24. ———.1972b. “New Headquarters Started.” April 24. ———. 1975. “Gamlen Chemical Expands.” January 24. UC Santa Barbara. 2020a. “FrameFinder.” Flight DDB, Frame 2B-135, October 11, 1943. Accessed June 19, 2020. Available: http://mil.library.ucsb.edu/ap_indexes/FrameFinder/. ———. 2020b. “FrameFinder.” Flight CAS-65-130, Frame 1-51, May 11, 1965. Accessed June 19, 2020. Available: http://mil.library.ucsb.edu/ap_indexes/FrameFinder/. ———. 2020c. “FrameFinder.” Flight HM, Frame 1123-215, June 26, 2000. Accessed June 19, 2020. Available: http://mil.library.ucsb.edu/ap_indexes/FrameFinder/. Additional Figures: Figure 2. Aerial view of industrial parcel at 54 Tanforan Avenue, outlined in yellow, facing north. One age-eligible building is outlined in red. Source: San Mateo County Property Maps Portal, 2020; edited by ICF. Page 13 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 54 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Figure 3. Subject building’s south façade (left), and administrative office addition’s west façade (right), 2018. Source: Marx Okubo Associates, Inc, Property Conditions Assessment for 54 Tanforan Avenue. Figure 4. Subject building’s south façade (left), and administrative office addition’s west and south façades (right), 2018. Source: Marx Okubo Associates, Inc, Property Conditions Assessment for 54 Tanforan Avenue. Page 14 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 54 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Figure 5. Subject building’s north façade, 2018. Source: Marx Okubo Associates, Inc, Property Conditions Assessment for 54 Tanforan Avenue. Figure 6. Detail of subject building’s sawtooth roof (background) and administrative office addition’s flat roof with extended eaves (foreground), 2018. Source: Marx Okubo Associates, Inc, Property Conditions Assessment for 54 Tanforan Avenue. Page 15 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 54 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Figure 7. Subject building aerial photos showing its sawtooth roof with northeast-facing windows, facing northwest, 2020. Source: Google 2020. Figure 8. Administrative office addition’s primary (east) façade entrance, 2018. Source: Marx Okubo Associates, Inc, Property Conditions Assessment for 54 Tanforan Avenue. Page 16 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 54 Tanforan Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Figure 9. Subject building’s east façade, showing detail of steel-frame windows, 2018. Source: Marx Okubo Associates, Inc, Property Conditions Assessment for 54 Tanforan Avenue. Figure 9. Newspaper article showing the subject building’s new design to accommodate tenant E.F. Houghton & Company, facing southwest, 1960. Source: The Times San Mateo, 1960, “S.S.F. Opening New Company,” April 23. Page 1 of 16 *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 240 Dollar Avenue *P11. Report Citation: ICF. 2020. Southline Specific Plan Project Draft Environmental Impact Report. November. Prepared for the City of South San Francisco, California. *Attachments: NONE  Location Map  Sketch Map  Continuation Sheet  Building, Structure, and Object Record  Archaeological Record District Record  Linear Feature Record  Milling Station Record  Rock Art Record  Artifact Record  Photograph Record DPR 523A (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # ____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # _______________________________________ PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial _____________________________________ NRHP Status Code __________ Other Listings __________ Review Code __________ Reviewer ____________________________ Date ___________ P1. Other Identifier: 180 Linden Avenue *P2. Location:  Not for Publication  Unrestricted *a. County San Mateo *b. USGS 7.5’ Quad San Francisco South, CA Date 2018 T R ¼ of ¼ of Sec B.M. c. Address: 240 Dollar Avenue City South San Francisco Zip 94080 d. UTM: (give more than one for large and/or linear resources) Zone 10 S; 551669.52 mE/ 4166200.42 mN e. Other Locational Data: (e.g., parcel #, directions to resource, elevation, etc., as appropriate) Assessor’s parcel number (APN) 014‐241‐030 *P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries) The subject resource evaluated in this Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) form is one of six adjacent parcels and one linear resource, which are evaluated in separate DPR forms. The subject parcel evaluated in this DPR contains one industrial factory building built in circa 1943 (addressed as 240 Dollar Avenue) and one industrial warehouse building built in 1956 (addressed as 180 Linden Avenue)1 (Figure 1 and Figure 2). (See Continuation Sheet) *P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) HP8. Industrial Building *P4. Resources Present:  Building  Structure  Object  Site  District  Element of District  Other P5b. Figure 1: Industrial factory (240 Dollar Avenue) primary (east) façade, facing southwest, 2018. Source: Marx Okubo Associates, Inc, Property Conditions Assessment for 240 Dollar Avenue. *P6. Date Constructed/Age and Sources: Historic  Prehistoric  Both c.1943 (240 Dollar Ave), source: UC Santa Barbara 2020a; 1956 (180 Linden Ave), source: NETR 1956 *P7. Owner and Address: LPGS (Tanforan) LLC 644 Menlo Avenue, 2nd Floor Menlo Park, CA 94025 *P8. Recorded by: (Name, affiliation, address) Andrea Dumovich, ICF 201 Mission Street, Suite 1500 San Francisco, CA 94105 *P9. Date Recorded: June 22, 2020 *P10. Survey Type: Intensive 1 The parcel is addressed as 240 Dollar Avenue per the San Mateo County Assessor. However, 180 Linden Avenue appears to also be associated with this parcel. 180 Linden Avenue is different than the parcel to the north, at 160-180 South Linden Avenue. P5a. Photograph or Drawing (Photograph required for buildings, structures and objects) Page 2 of 16 *NRHP Status Code 6Z *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 240 Dollar Avenue DPR 523B (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ BUILDING, STRUCTURE, AND OBJECT RECORD B1. Historic Name: Unknown; Murphy's Tire Sales & Services B2. Common Name: Spotless First; Ready Spaces B3. Original Use: Unknown; industrial factory and warehouse B4. Present Use: Car cleaning service; Coworking office and warehouse rental space *B5. Architectural Style: Utilitarian/industrial *B6. Construction History: (Construction date, alteration, and date of alterations) (See Continuation Sheet) *B7. Moved?  No  Yes  Unknown Date: N/A Original Location: N/A *B8. Related Features: Parking lot B9a. Architect: Unknown B9b. Builder: Unknown *B10. Significance: Theme N/A Area N/A Period of Significance N/A Property Type N/A Applicable Criteria N/A Historic Context South San Francisco Industrial History South San Francisco’s industrial history begins in the 1890s when the South San Francisco Land and Improvement Company acquired land from what was part of Henry Miller’s vast land empire to build stockyards, meat packing facilities, and a company town. Since those beginnings, the meat packing industry has given way to steel, metals and construction, manufacturing, transportation, chemicals, and biotechnologies. Development within the city resulting from each industry gradually influenced the other industries and shaped the overall profile of South San Francisco as it exists today. This context discusses three key areas industries in South San Francisco: meat-packing and tanneries; construction materials, and chemical manufacturing. (See Continuation Sheet) B11. Additional Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) *B12. References: (See Continuation Sheet) B13. Remarks: N/A *B14. Evaluator: Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date of Evaluation: June 22, 2020 (This space reserved for official comments.) (Sketch Map with north arrow required.) Page 3 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 240 Dollar Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ *P3a. Description (continued): The subject property is located in the Lindenville area of South San Francisco. It is located on an industrial parcel composed of an irregular-shaped lot that is surrounded by other industrial properties (Figure 2). The subject parcel is bound primarily by the following properties: 54 Tanforan Avenue (APN 014‐250‐050) and 50 Tanforan Avenue (APN 014‐250‐080) to the west and 160 S. Linden Avenue to the north (APN 014‐241‐040). Dollar Avenue is immediately east and 80 Tanforan Avenue (APN 102-590-070) (not evaluated in this set of DPRs) is to the south. A Southern Pacific Railroad (SPRR) mainline (known as the Bayshore Cutoff) historically ran parallel to the east boundary of the subject parcel, across Dollar Avenue. The rail alignment is now utilized by Caltrain. The rail is described in detail in the linear resource record associated with this DPR. The parcel is paved for surface parking, and features street trees and other minimal vegetation at its east, south, and west boundaries. It’s encircled by a metal security fence and accessed via a vehicular driveway on Dollar Avenue. Building descriptions are included below. Industrial Factory Building (240 Dollar Avenue) The majority of the parcel comprises this industrial building. It is one-story in height and has an irregular-shaped footprint: the building is largely rectangular in plan and oriented along a north-south alignment, but an addition at the north end has canted facades that form an irregular angle. The building is utilitarian in design and faces east towards Dollar Avenue. It appears that most of the building sits at-grade with a concrete foundation, with the northeast end raised on a concrete platform. The industrial factory building is constructed of reinforced concrete, with pilasters demarcating its north, west, and south facades. The building’s fenestration is mainly limited to the primary (east) façade which contains vehicular roll-down metal doors, pedestrian doors, and metal-frame windows. The factory building contains five distinct volumes that have been added over time (Figure 3): 1. The building’s original portion (circa 1943) makes up much of the building’s primary (east) façade. This volume has a rectangular footprint with a sawtooth and steel truss roof that contains steel-frame, north-facing windows (Figure 4). Each sawtooth at the roofline facing east is articulated with distinctive plaster or terracotta detail (Figure 5); 2. A volume with canted facades that form an irregular angle and a flat roof is to the north of the original volume. This volume contains vehicular roll-down doors at the building’s primary (east) façade; 3. A smallest rectangular volume containing elements of Midcentury Modern style has a flat roof with extended eaves and is to the north end of the east façade of the original volume. This volume contains multiple metal pedestrian doors, accessible by a set of concrete stairs; 4. A rectangular volume with a flat roof is located at the south of the original volume. This volume contains a row of multi-pane windows near the roofline; 5. A rectangular volume makes up the entire west portion of the building and is west of the original volume. Its roof form is raised at the center with parapets along the west façade and portions of the north and south facades. This roof is capped with several vents and contains skylight windows. Page 4 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 240 Dollar Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Figure 3. The five building volumes that make up the industrial factory at 240 Dollar Avenue are identified in the following figure and correspond with the building description above. Source: Google Earth, with figure edits by ICF. Industrial Warehouse Building (180 Linden Avenue) This industrial warehouse is located along the subject property’s west boundary. The one-story building is rectangular in plan sited at a north-south alignment, with a primary façade that faces east towards Dollar Avenue. The building is utilitarian in design and does not represent a specific architectural style (Figure 6). It is constructed of reinforced concrete and sits on an at-grade concrete foundation. The corrugated metal roof is end. The building contains fenestration on all four facades that includes a mix of vehicular roll-down corrugated metal doors, metal-frame pedestrian doors, and windows. The description above provides information regarding the two age-eligible buildings on the subject parcel. They are listed in a table below for easy reference:2 Address Resource Type Location on Parcel Image and Façade Location Approximate Year Built 240 Dollar Avenue Industrial factory Center Circa 1943/ 1956/1965 2 Because of the industrial nature of the site, the table may exclude some mechanical equipment or affiliated structures that were not recorded in site plans or visible during the time of survey. The list is meant to provide an overview of the site’s primary features. Page 5 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 240 Dollar Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Address Resource Type Location on Parcel Image and Façade Location Approximate Year Built 180 Linden Avenue Industrial warehouse West boundary 1956/1982 *B6. Construction History (continued): The industrial factory at 240 Dollar Avenue was built in circa 1943. The original factory building was nearly half the size of the current building, comprised of the central volume with a rectangular footprint (UC Santa Barbara 2020a). A 1950 Sanborn map reveals that the building’s original roof was sawtooth with a steel truss system and contained tile cladding (Sanborn Map Company 1950: 30). The subject parcel contained three ancillary buildings during this period (non-extant). By 1956, historic aerials show that the factory building’s footprint had expanded to the north, south, and east via several additions. A rectangular addition that aligns with a portion of the primary façade (added circa 1956) contains elements of Midcentury Modern style, including concrete block construction and a wide roof overhang (Figure 7). The subject property’s industrial warehouse building (180 Linden Avenue) is also visible in 1956, although it was approximately half its current size (NETR 1956). By 1965, the large, rectangular addition was added to the factory building’s west façade (UC Santa Barbara 2020b). In 1982, the industrial warehouse building at 180 Linden Avenue had expanded to the south (NETR 1982). The subject property’s factory building footprint appear unchanged since 1965 and the industrial warehouse building’s footprint appears unchanged since 1982. Relevant permits filed included the following: 1) 240 Dollar Avenue: None 2) 180 Linden Avenue: Interior improvements (1987) (South San Francisco 1987). Per visual analysis of the industrial factory (240 Dollar Avenue), some windowpanes have been replaced within the sawtooth roof and the east addition’s roof has contains patches. Per visual analysis of the industrial warehouse (180 Linden Avenue), parts of the building’s corrugated metal roof have been replaced and/or are in poor condition. *B10. Significance (continued): Historic Context – continued South San Francisco’s first large industry was launched when Gustavus Swift, the meat magnate who developed the first refrigerated freight car, visited the area in 1887 with the aim of establishing meat packing houses and an industrial suburb in San Mateo County. The location had several advantages for Swift’s operation: it was close enough to San Francisco to reach the city’s markets, but far enough away to ensure commercial and political independence from the city. In addition, with prevailing winds from the west and the bay to the east, South San Francisco was geographically situated in a way which would mitigate the noxious fumes and effluents generated by industry. In 1891, the area, which Swift named South San Francisco, began filling with workers from “Butchertown”, located to the north in San Francisco’s Bayview Neighborhood, who were moving into the city’s industrial suburbs (Blum 1984). As population and industry expanded, meat packing developed many spin-off industries in South San Francisco, including tanneries, wool pulleries, and fertilizer plants, with many of the businesses relocating from San Francisco’s Bayview Neighborhood. The Poetsch & Peterson Tannery is exemplary of many of the Page 6 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 240 Dollar Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ businesses that developed out of South San Francisco’s meat packing industry in being connected with the meat packing industry (in their use of hides) and in employing manual labor and chemical/industrial processes. South San Francisco also developed construction materials businesses beginning in the mid-1890s, when the Baden Brick Factory, the Molath Brick Company, and the South San Francisco Lumber Company established themselves in the city (Bamburg ND). By 1907, completion of the 9.8-mile Southern Pacific Railroad Bayshore Cutoff connected South San Francisco’s industrial yards to San Francisco markets in the north. Further construction-related businesses soon emerged that were focused on the development of steel and metal foundries which were needed to supply materials to San Francisco as it rebuilt following the 1906 earthquake (Blum 1984:128; City of South San Francisco 2020a). In 1906, the Selby Smelting and Lead Company’s purchase of land on San Bruno Point raised concerns of pollution from South San Francisco landowners, prompting San Mateo County to pass an ordinance against smelting within County lines. In turn, the City of South San Francisco incorporated in 1908, exempting the City from the ordinance, and allowing the city’s industrial development to rapidly expand (Blum 1984:131). Beginning with Pacific Jupiter Steel (later Bethlehem Steel), South San Francisco’s foundry and metal production industries expanded to include the Meese and Gottfried Co., Pacific Car and Equipment, Shaw Batcher Steel (later United States Steel), the Edward Wire Rope Co. (which would provide cable for the Golden Gate Bridge), the Doak Sheet Metal Company, the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, and others. By the 1920s, South San Francisco was already celebrating its heavy industry, installing the first sign on Signal Hill reading “SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO THE INDUSTRIAL CITY” in 1923, and replacing it with sixty-foot high concrete letters in 1929 (Bamburg ND). The steel, metals, and materials industries received a boost from defense spending during both world wars, but particularly during WWII. In 1943, Bethlehem Steel was hiring mill helpers, hearth stockers, and yard laborers in support of the war effort at its South San Francisco plant (San Francisco Examiner 1943b:39), While some non-defense related metal and manufacturing employers like American Brake Shoe saw growth as well, others (such as Poetsch & Peterson) experienced difficulties due to war-time embargos on materials. With South San Francisco’s population doubling as defense workers poured into the city during WWII, the Federal Government built emergency housing at several locations. The developments were cheaply constructed and densely packed. Lindenville, a 720-unit development for 4,200 people, was constructed between Victory and Railroad Avenues as a series of barrack-like row units (Bamburg ND; Kious ND). Many of these emergency housing units were demolished after the war. At the conclusion of the WWII, industries continued to grow, as suburbanization in California produced demand for metals, concrete, lumber, and other materials. Vannucci Brothers Concrete Construction Company maintained a South San Francisco office while supplying concrete for the development of California’s massive freeway system (San Francisco Examiner 1966:56). In 1955, when Governor Goodwin Knight presented the “Man of Industry” award in front of 400 civic and industrial leaders he said, “For better or for worse, San Mateo county has made its choice for industry. You have voted to see smoke stacks rather than geraniums.” (The Times [San Mateo] 1955:1). However, his choice of recipient – M.W. Reece, vice-president of the South San Francisco’s Reinhold Chemical Corporation – illustrated a transition away from the smokes stacks which had defined the city through the war-era and towards the emergence of light industry: distribution centers, office parks, and chemicals. The “industrial city” was giving way to more light industry plants (like Stuart Manufacturing, Sun Tube Corp., Sees Candy, and Ray Winther Co.) as well as distribution business connected to the San Francisco Airport, which was constructed in 1953 (City of South San Francisco 2020). By the 1960s, heavy industry in South San Francisco was winding down (City of South San Francisco 2020). In 1981, the Bethlehem Steel building was torn down (City of South San Francisco 2020). South San Francisco’s chemical industry began developing in the mid-1930s. In 1935, the South San Francisco Land and Improvement company won out against Los Angeles County in enticing the E.I. du Pont de Nemours Company to purchase a seven-acre area on Linden Avenue (including the parcel containing 160 South Linden Avenue) to construct a varnish and lacquer plant (San Francisco Examiner 1935b:4) which was constructed by 1940. Meanwhile, other chemical companies were establishing local facilities on the west coast, often in the Bay View district of San Francisco. In 1935, the Gamlen Chemical Company, founded by Harry Gamlen, a Canadian-born engineer and inventor, began its operations in San Francisco (San Francisco Examiner 1973:41). E.F. Houghton & Co, a Pennsylvania chemical corporation specializing in industrial lubricants, mining lubricants, textile processing oils, tannery oils, and heat treating products, also located in San Francisco at Quint Street and Davidson Avenue (Oakland Tribune 1942:30). Following WWII, many of the light industry and chemical businesses located in San Francisco Bay View began to relocate to South San Francisco to take advantage of the large industrial yards now available for non-war time production. In 1949, du Point expanded a further 5.8 acres in South San Francisco, occupying a Page 7 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 240 Dollar Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ corner of Dollar and Tanforan Avenues no longer used for war production to expand its west coast business operations. The post war boom brought demand for chemical products such as finishes for consumer products like cars, ships, and refrigerators (The Times [San Mateo] 1949:4). By the mid-1950s, Gamlen Chemical had relocated to 321 Victory Avenue (The Times [San Mateo] 1955:1) and E. I. du Pont de Nemours Paint was expanding on 160 South Linden Avenue. In 1958, the City of South San Francisco reported a record year for building permits, doubling the previous year’s amount (The Times [San Mateo] 1958:15). E.F. Houghton & Company opened their 300,000 square-foot manufacturing plant, laboratory, office building and storage yard, at the site of the former American Brake Shoe Company at 54 Tanforan Avenue in 1960 (The Times [San Mateo] 1960:11) and were soon launching a new line of aluminum lubricants (The Times [San Mateo] 1963:24). The 1960s also found Merk and Company’s Marine Magnesium Plant expanding in the city (City of South San Francisco 2020). By the mid-70s, E. F. Houghton & Company were hiring local chemistry and physics graduates and becoming something of an industry thought-leader, employing Gerald Loeb – the “Wizard of Wall Street”, a financial author credited with predicting the 1929 stock market crash- as a senior consultant (The Times [San Mateo] 1972a: 21). Gamlen Chemical also expanded operations in the city during the 1970s, constructing a 2-story, 7,200-square foot international headquarters which would house it technical, customer service, and electronic data processing staff (The Times [San Mateo] 1972b:21) and later expanded its central marketing and development operations (The Times [San Mateo] 1975: 25). The chemical industry took a further turn in the 1970s, when Robert Swanson and Dr. Herbert Boyer founded Genentech, spurring new developments the biotech and pharmaceutical industries which would further shape the city’s future. 20th Century Industrial Building Typology More than any other building type, the forms of industrial buildings have historically reflected their functions. Industrial buildings have housed a myriad of uses which include printing, manufacturing, food processing, and warehousing in the early 20th century, as well as later light-industrial functions such as auto repair, office, and commercial in the post-World War II era (Page & Turnbull, Inc. 2009:90). The production processes conducted inside have determined the buildings’ design and organization, in which exterior ornament remained subordinate to more utilitarian concerns. Improvements in building materials and techniques allowed for the bigger and highly functional industrial buildings. Following earlier load-bearing brick construction, reinforced concrete provided for new innovation in industrial building design during the early 20th century. American builders and owners remained wary of reinforced concrete construction until its benefits were clearly revealed when representative buildings survived major earthquakes and fires. Employing reinforced concrete in the design of a new type of industrial production building—the automobile factory—Detroit’s Albert Kahn distinguished himself as the first significant 20th century American industrial architect. Establishing a new precedent for industrial architecture, Kahn worked in close consultation with production experts and engineers to fit the massive hyper-functional building to the needs of the manufacturing process. Kahn’s design principals influenced industrial design throughout the early and mid-20th century. His principles included industrial building configurations that included administrative wings, parking lots, and landscape setbacks fronting shed, sawtooth, or convex-roofed factories so as to obstruct their visibility from streets and highways (Bradley 1999:156–58; Munce 1960:40; Rappaport 2004:433). Other early techniques were exemplified by design accomplishments overseas. Peter Behrens and Mies van der Rohe created a new steel and glass curtain wall system for a turbine factory in Berlin in 1908–1909 that maximized natural lighting, freely exposed the building’s steel skeletal farming, that proved highly influential in the field of industrial building design. Only a few years after its construction, industrial buildings widely implemented the steel industrial sash window system (SurveyLA 2018: 198). Over the next several decades, innovations in prefabrication and framing enabled the design of industrial buildings that appeared lighter and incorporated more windows on both exterior facades and roofs (Martinson 2009:283; Rappaport 2004:433). During World War II, the design of industrial production buildings began to shift away from maximization of natural lighting and ventilation. As Bradley explains, “the new model was based on the utilization of artificial lighting, air-conditioning, and forced air circulation to optimize working conditions in structures with few openings” (Bradley 1999:4). Industrial building design in the post-World War II era was characterized by a proliferation of sprawling one-story factory buildings, a product of wartime production that responded to demand for low-cost construction and the increasingly horizontal orientation of production processes. As architectural historian Nina Rappaport explains, “the one-story shed-type building allowed for larger machines Page 8 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 240 Dollar Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ and more flexible and open floor plans for the new horizontal assembly-line production, which could then be shifted easily to the truck- and train-based transportation systems, with train lines running close to or even through a manufacturing plant.” During this period in the United States, manufacturing industries also began to relocate from urban cores to booming suburbs or other peripheral zones of new development. Even in the face of a changing industrial environment, the new factory facilities continued to reflect some of the planning principles pioneered by Kahn in the early 20thcentury, including roof forms, setbacks, parking areas, and minimal to non-existent architectural ornament. However, emerging corporate emphasis on teamwork and organizational psychology led to the introduction of post-war amenities such as cafeterias, athletic facilities, and lounges for workers, as well as a trend away from the earlier separation of administrative offices from factory production spaces. Throughout the 20th century, with the priority of industrial architectural design has remained rooted in efficiency and profit. Industrial processes and products are constantly refined to maximize return on investment. Consequently, industrial properties are frequently altered to accommodate new product manufacturing processes or updated technologies. Full or partial demolition is commonplace, resulting in industrial areas characterized by buildings with widely varying dates of construction and reflecting different industries and contexts over time. Sawtooth Roof Forms Natural top lighting through the incorporation of a “sawtooth” roof is a common feature in industrial building design. The term comes from the exterior profile of repeating, jagged points akin to the teeth of a saw. The long, repeating angled banks of windows typically contain north-facing glazing, so as to allow in light but never the penetrating sun that would occur with south- facing glazing (Bradley 1999:192). Sawtooth roofs were sometimes featured in textile industrial buildings just prior to the turn of the 20th century, however, they wouldn’t become prevalently used throughout industrial architecture until World War II (Bradley 1999:193). Sawtooth roofs are typically supported by columns at their valleys but may also be supported by any variety of truss systems that alleviate the need for columns, such is the case at 240 Dollar Avenue (Bradley 1999:192). Although popularized in industrial architecture during World War II, by 1952 only 15 percent of American factories and manufacturing buildings of any type had top lighting due to technological advancements with interior lighting and the form fell out of favor (Munce 1960:50, Reid 1951:28–29). Industrial Warehouses The function of warehouse buildings revolves around storing and transporting goods (e.g., storing, processing, distributing, and sometimes light manufacturing). A number of factors have historically influenced their design. Fire safety and theft prevention needs have resulted in builders using thick masonry walls and slow-burning materials, such as iron for doors and shutters. Evolving construction technologies have allowed builders to update warehouse construction materials throughout the 20th century as mentioned early, evolving from early-century load-bearing brick to concrete construction that continued throughout the mid-century era (Page & Turnbull, Inc. 2009:93). During the mid-twentieth century, warehouse design underwent significant change in response to economic pressures for cost reduction and the movement of warehousing and other industrial operations from the urban core to the suburbs and other peripheral zones. In this process, one-story buildings with concrete floors and ceilings rising 20 feet or more became the norm. The use of forklift trucks and pallets became standardized in warehousing. Climate control technology and artificial lighting reduced the number of windows or eliminated them entirely. Sprawling warehouse buildings in suburban industrial zones might be screened from view at the street by office wings or vegetative set-backs. In other cases, a public entry or office might be ensconced in one corner of the building. As architectural historian Betsy Hunter Bradley explains, in other portions of most offices associated with warehouse buildings, “freight doors, truck docks, and railroad sidings became the only features,” while “brick and other siding materials enclosed bland, unstyled” buildings “intended to blend in with nearby commercial and industrial structures” (Bradley 2004:1432). Due to the advancement of building materials in the post-World War II era, low-cost prefabrication options further stripped warehouse facades. They became simple utilitarian buildings with uncomplicated footprints, boxed massing, flat roofs, and modest siding or exposed concrete or concrete block (Munce 1960:47–48). Other key features of post-war warehouse industrial buildings include: Page 9 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 240 Dollar Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ • a rectangular footprint; • one-story height; • simple massing; • raised foundation with loading docks; • roll-up doors for vehicular use; • minimal fenestration or complete lack of windows; • utilitarian style, often with no ornamentation; • prefabricated materials; • and simple siding. Site History The earliest historic aerial clearly showing the subject parcel is dated 1943, which illustrates the main industrial factory building at 240 Dollar Avenue flanked by two smaller buildings to the west and one smaller building to the east (UC Santa Barbara 2020a). Surrounding land included industrial development on adjacent parcels to the north and east, as well as residential homes south of Tanforan Avenue, and the Tanforan racetrack to the west of Huntington Avenue East (presently South Maple Avenue). A 1950 Sanborn map reveals that the industrial building at 240 Dollar Avenue served as a factory, with the two buildings to the east housing a bathroom and drafting room, laboratory, and stage building, and the building to the west housing an office (Sanborn Map Company 1950: 30). By 1956, the adjacent bathroom to the west was demolished and the industrial warehouse building (180 Linden Avenue) had been constructed (NETR 1956). In 1965, additional industrial buildings were constructed in the immediate area and additional residential track housing was built south of Tanforan Avenue. In 1968, the drafting room, laboratory, and stage building to the west was demolished (NETR 1968), and by 1987 the small office building to the east of the factory building was demolished (NETR 1987). A Southern Pacific Railroad (SPRR) mainline (they Bayshore Cutoff) historically ran parallel to the east boundary of the subject parcel, across Dollar Avenue. The rail infrastructure has been replaced over time, and is now utilized by Caltrain. The history of the rail is described in detail in the linear resource record associated with this DPR. Ownership and Occupant History The owners and occupants of the subject property are summarized in the tables below, which encompass the industrial parcel (addressed as 240 Dollar Avenue and 180 Linden Avenue). Ownership information was gathered through tax assessor’s data and permit/site records obtained at the City of South San Francisco Building Division. Occupant information was gathered through a combination of available directories and reverse directories, and building permits.3 240 Dollar Avenue Year Owner 1943-2016 Unknown 2017 The Razorback Development Company 2017-2018 Tanforan Industrial Park Dollar LLC 2018-Present LPGS (Tanforan) LLC 3 Due to closures and restrictions resulting from Covid-19 and shelter-in-place orders, research in city directories was provided to the author by staff at the South San Francisco Library. Page 10 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 240 Dollar Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Year Occupant 1943-1987 Unknown 1987 Mercury Tours (180 Linden Avenue) Murphy’s Tires Inc. (180 Linden Avenue) 1987-2009 Mercury Tours 1989 Murphy's Tire Sales & Services 1989-91 Razorback Partnership 1991-1998 Goodyear Commercial Tire & Service Center 1992-1993 #2 Goodyear Distribution Center 2005-2009 Wingfoot LLC Unknown - Present Spotless First Corporation Ready Spaces Unfortunately, the original owners and occupants of both buildings are unknown. The industrial parcel has been occupied by the following mostly auto-related tenants and uses since the 1980s: Mercury Tours—tour bus company; Murphy's Tire Sales & Services, Goodyear Commercial Tire & Service Center, and #2 Goodyear Distribution Center–all of which were related to automobile repair and tire sales; Razorback Partnership (use unknown); Wingfoot LLC (use unknown); and its current tenants, Spotless First Corporation—an automobile cleaning service, and Ready Spaces—a coworking office rental company (Spotless First 2020; Readyspaces 2020). The subject buildings appear to have had a rotation of tenants during this period, none of which have occupied either building for an extended amount of time. Evaluation of 240 Dollar Avenue The subject property is not currently listed in the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR) or the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), nor was it previously evaluated and found eligible. The following discussion provides an evaluation of the subject property (including both age-eligible buildings) under CRHR Criteria 1–4 and NRHP Criteria A-D for individual eligibility. This evaluation does not address the potential of the buildings located at the historic property to contributors to a historic district. CRITERIA A/1 (Events) Under NRHP/CRHR Criteria A/1, the subject property at 240 Dollar Avenue does not appear to individually convey an association with any event(s) significant in history. Following the incorporation of South San Francisco in 1908, the city’s industrial development quickly grew and numerous heavy industrial businesses specializing in meat packing or construction materials began operations in the area, including Pacific Jupiter Steel (later Bethlehem Steel), the Meese and Gottfried Co., Pacific Car and Equipment, Shaw Batcher Steel (later United States Steel), the Edward Wire Rope Co., and others. In the World War II era, light industrial companies also relocated to South San Francisco, and the general vicinity surrounding the subject property redeveloped to accommodate light industry with distribution centers, office parks, and chemical industry uses. The subject property developed within the context of South San Francisco’s industrial area in the 1940-1950s, at which time numerous other industrial businesses were prevalent in the general vicinity of the subject property, including Poetsch & Peterson Tannery, which opened at 325 South Maple Avenue in 1943, and American Brake Shoe which opened at 54 Tanforan Avenue in circa 1943. While the subject parcel followed the general pattern of development and use established for industrial development in South San Francisco, 240 Dollar Avenue and 180 Linden Avenue were not the earliest industrial buildings nor are they individually exemplary of the city’s overall industrial development. Therefore, research did not yield evidence that the property is individually significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria A/1. CRITERIA B/2 (Persons) Under NRHP/CRHR Criteria B/2, the subject property at 240 Dollar Avenue appears to lack associative value related to significant persons. None of the known owners of the industrial parcel or occupants of the buildings appear to be important to industrial development in South San Francisco. Although several individuals were employed by the property’s earliest known occupant, Mercury Tours, and other tenants who worked within the subject property, no individual would have had a sustained Page 11 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 240 Dollar Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ association with the subject property and its buildings to the extent necessary to imbue significance under Criteria B/2. The subject property is also not directly tied to the company’s founders or important periods in the company’s history. Properties eligible for listing in the NRHP/CRHR for association with a historically significant individual or individual(s) are typically properties where such an individual performed the work or other activities for which he or she is known. Research yielded no evidence that either building has any significant association with significant persons. Therefore, the subject property is not individually significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria B/2. CRITERIA C/3 (Design/Construction) Under NRHP/CRHR Criteria C/3, the subject property at 240 Dollar Avenue, including its two age-eligible buildings, lacks distinctive architectural character and aesthetic value that would rise to the level of individual significance. Although the architects of the subject property are unknown, the subject buildings do not appear to represent the work of master architects or designers. The industrial factory building contains a distinctive sawtooth roof form, which were commonly found on World War II-era industrial buildings and enabled natural light to flood factory buildings from north-facing windows. Additionally, the subject building’s sawtooth roof is not the only remaining example in South San Francisco; several sawtooth industrial buildings are found throughout the immediate area, such as 202 Littlefield Avenue, 499 Railroad Avenue, , and 350 Victory Avenue, which does not contain windows at the roof but does contain a distinctive sawtooth roof form. Additionally, the industrial factory building (240 Dollar Avenue) building exhibits some characteristics of the Midcentury Modern style at its northeast addition (built in circa 1956); however, these elements were commonly applied to buildings of this type in the 1950s and the addition is not an exceptional example of the style. The other industrial warehouse building (180 Linden Avenue) is utilitarian in design, and does not represent any particular style. Overall, the subject property is characterized by its industrial use. Although the industrial factory building at 240 Dollar Avenue reflects elements of a certain architectural style, it does not rise to the level of individual high artistic value. The subject property and its buildings reflect common building designs and construction methods, which are found throughout industrial areas in many American cities, and do not embody a noteworthy type or method of construction. Therefore, the subject property is not individually significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria C/3. CRITERIA D/4 (Information Potential) The subject property at 30 Tanforan Avenue does not have the potential to provide further information that would promote a deeper understanding of the history of the built environment. The property contains age-eligible buildings that are common examples of a 20th century industrial design and would not yield information important the historic development of the property or the city. Therefore, the subject property is not significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria D/4. This evaluation does not apply to the potential for archaeological discovery the property. A full analysis of archaeological value is beyond the scope of this report. Conclusion Based on an evaluation regarding NRHP/CRHR Criteria, the subject property at 240 Dollar Avenue, including its two age-eligible buildings, is ineligible for individual listing. The property is therefore not a historical resource for the purposes of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), in accordance with Section 15064.5(a)(2)-(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, using the criteria outlined in Section 5024.1 of the California Public Resources Code. *B12. References (continued): Bamburg, B. L. ND. South San Francisco Historic Preservation Survey 1985 – 1986: A Comprehensive Study of History and Architecture. City of South San Francisco: CA. Blum, J. 1984. South San Francisco: The Making of an Industrial City. In California History 63(2): Pages 114-134. Bradley, Betsy Hunter. 1999. The Works: The Industrial Architecture of the United States. Oxford University Press, New York, New York. Page 12 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 240 Dollar Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Bradley, Betsy Hunter. 2004. Warehouse. In R. Stephen Sennott (ed.), Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century Architecture, Volume 3, P-Z. R. Fitzroy Dearborn, New York, New York. City of South San Francisco. 2020. Historic Articles: General History. Available here: https://www.ssf.net/our-city/about-south-san-francisco/history/historical-articles. Accessed: June 23, 2020. Kious, J. ND. “Lindenville.” Available here: https://www.ssf.net/our-city/about-south-san-francisco/history/historical-articles. Accessed: June 23, 2020. Martinson, Tom. 2009. Atlas of American Architecture. Rizzoli Publications, New York, New York. Mozingo, Louise A. 2011. Pastoral Capitalism: A History of Suburban Corporate Landscapes. MIT Press, Cambridge Massachusetts. Munce, James F. 1960. Industrial Architecture: An Analysis of International Building Practice. F. W. Dodge Corporation, New York, New York. Nationwide Environmental Title Research, LLC. (NETR). 1956. 240 Dollar Avenue, South San Francisco, CA. Aerial photograph. Historic Aerials Viewer. Available: https://www.historicaerials.com/viewer. Accessed: June 26, 2020. ———. 1968. 240 Dollar Avenue, South San Francisco, CA. Aerial photograph. Historic Aerials Viewer. Available: https://www.historicaerials.com/viewer. Accessed: June 26, 2020. ———. 1982. 240 Dollar Avenue, South San Francisco, CA. Aerial photograph. Historic Aerials Viewer. Available: https://www.historicaerials.com/viewer. Accessed: June 26, 2020. ———. 1987. 240 Dollar Avenue, South San Francisco, CA. Aerial photograph. Historic Aerials Viewer. Available: https://www.historicaerials.com/viewer. Accessed: June 26, 2020. Oakland Tribune (Oakland, California). 1942. “Lubricant Firm Opens S.F. Plant” June 26. Page & Turnbull, Inc. 2009. South of Market Area, San Francisco, California Historic Context Statement. Final. Prepared for City and County of San Francisco Planning Department. Rappaport, Nina. 2004. Factory. In R. Stephen Sennott (ed.), Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century Architecture, Volume 1, A-F. R. Fitzroy Dearborn, New York, New York. Readyspaces. 2020. “South San Francisco.” Available: https://readyspaces.com/location/san-francisco/south-san-francisco/. Accessed: June 26, 2020. Reid, Kenneth. 1951. “Factory Design Offers a Challenge to Every Architect,” in Industrial Buildings: The Architectural Record of a Decade. New York: F.W. Dodge Corporation. Sanborn Map Company. 1950. Insurance Maps of South San Francisco, California. Sheet 30. New York: Sanborn Map Company. San Francisco Examiner (San Francisco, California). 1935b. “Du Pont Purchase Largest In Years.” July 27. ———.1943b. “Help Wanted.” July 11. ———. 1966. “Lawrence Vannucci At 77.” January 16. Page 13 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 240 Dollar Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ ———.1973. “Harry Gamlen Rites.” January 15. South San Francisco. 1987. Building Division permits (relevant building permits issued for the subject parcel). Spotless First. 2020. “Interior Cleaning Services.” Available: https://spotlessfirst.com/. Accessed: June 26, 2020. SurveyLA. 2018. Los Angeles Citywide Historic Context Statement, Context: Industrial Development, 1850-1980. Prepared for the City of Los Angeles, Department of City Planning, Office of Historic Resources. September 2011, revised February 2018. The Times San Mateo. 1949. “DuPont Plans SSF Expansion” April 1. ———. 1955. “$75,000 Fire Razes SSF Chemical Plant.” June 12. ———.1958. “Building in S.S.F. Heads For Record.” August. ———.1960. “S.S.F. Opening New Company.” April 23. ———.1963. “New Product for S.S.F. Firm.” August 26. ———.1972a. “Companies Told To Push Negative.” April 24. ———.1972b. “New Headquarters Started.” April 24. ———. 1975. “Gamlen Chemical Expands.” January 24. UC Santa Barbara. 2020a. “FrameFinder.” Flight DDB, Frame 2B-135, October 11, 1943. Accessed June 19, 2020. Available: http://mil.library.ucsb.edu/ap_indexes/FrameFinder/. ———. 2020b. “FrameFinder.” Flight CAS-65-130, Frame 1-51, May 11, 1965. Accessed June 19, 2020. Available: http://mil.library.ucsb.edu/ap_indexes/FrameFinder/. Page 14 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 240 Dollar Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Additional Figures: Figure 2. Aerial view of industrial parcel at 240 Dollar Avenue, outlined in yellow, facing north. Two age-eligible buildings are outlined in red (industrial factory building to the east, addressed 240 Dollar Avenue, and industrial warehouse building to the west, addressed 180 Linden Avenue). Source: San Mateo County Property Maps Portal, 2020; edited by ICF. Figure 4. Detail of steel-frame windows at the sawtooth roof, 2018. Source: Marx Okubo Associates, Inc, Property Conditions Assessment for 240 Dollar Avenue. Page 15 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 240 Dollar Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Figure 5. Primary (east) façade showing sawtooth roof, facing west, 2018. Source: Marx Okubo Associates, Inc, Property Conditions Assessment for 240 Dollar Avenue. Figure 6. Medium sized industrial warehouse building built in 1956 (180 Linden Avenue), showing south and primary (east) facades, facing northwest, 2018. Source: Marx Okubo Associates, Inc, Property Conditions Assessment for 240 Dollar Avenue. Page 16 of 16 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 240 Dollar Avenue *Recorded by Andrea Dumovich, ICF *Date June 22, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Figure 7. Rectangular addition on the primary façade at the building’s northeast corner (added circa 1956), showing primary (east) and north facades, facing south, 2018. Source: Marx Okubo Associates, Inc, Property Conditions Assessment for 240 Dollar Avenue. Page 1 of 17 *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 325 S Maple Drive *P11. Report Citation: ICF. 2020. Southline Specific Plan Project Draft Environmental Impact Report. November. Prepared for the City of South San Francisco, California. *Attachments: NONE  Location Map  Sketch Map  Continuation Sheet  Building, Structure, and Object Record  Archaeological Record District Record  Linear Feature Record  Milling Station Record  Rock Art Record  Artifact Record  Photograph Record DPR 523A (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # ____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # _______________________________________ PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial _____________________________________ NRHP Status Code __________ Other Listings __________ Review Code __________ Reviewer ____________________________ Date ___________ P5a. Photograph or Drawing (Photograph required for buildings, structures and objects) P1. Other Identifier: Poetsch & Peterson Tannery *P2. Location:  Not for Publication  Unrestricted *a. County Alameda *b. USGS 7.5’ Quad San Francisco South, CA Date 2018 T R ¼ of ¼ of Sec B.M. c. Address: 324 S Maple Ave City South San Francisco Zip 94080 d. UTM: (give more than one for large and/or linear resources) Zone 10 S; 551835 4167855/ 37.65640°N -122.41234°E e. Other Locational Data: (e.g., parcel #, directions to resource, elevation, etc., as appropriate) Assessor’s parcel number (APN) 014‐232‐030 *P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries) The subject resource evaluated in this Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) form is one of six adjacent parcels and one linear resource, which are evaluated in separate DPR forms. The subject parcel evaluated in this DPR contains the following three buildings: 1) 325 S. Maple Avenue, a former tannery built in 1946; 2) 315 S. Maple Avenue, an industrial warehouse built in 1995; and 3) 319 S. Maple Avenue, an industrial warehouse built in 1996. Because 325 S. Maple Avenue is the only building on the parcel that is age-eligible, this DPR form will only formally evaluate that building (Figure 1 and Figure 2). (See Continuation Sheet) *P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) HP6. 1-3 story commercial building; HP4. Ancillary Building, HP8. Industrial Building; HP39. Other *P4. Resources Present:  Building  Structure  Object  Site  District  Element of District Other P5b. Figure 1: Northwest (primary) façade of tannery building facing southwest, 2018. Source: Marx/Okubo Associates, Inc. Property Conditions Assessment for 315, 319, And 325 South Maple Avenue. *P6. Date Constructed/Age and Sources: Historic  Prehistoric  Both 1946 (Source: San Mateo County Tax Assessor; ParcelQuest) *P7. Owner and Address: LPGS Tanforan LLC 644 Menlo Ave, 2nd Floor Menlo Park, CA 94025 *P8. Recorded by: (Name, affiliation, address) Patrick Maley, ICF 201 Mission Street, Suite 1500 San Francisco, CA 94105 *P9. Date Recorded: July 1, 2020 *P10. Survey Type: Intensive Page 2 of 17 *NRHP Status Code 6Z *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 315, 319, And 325 South Maple Avenue DPR 523B (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ BUILDING, STRUCTURE, AND OBJECT RECORD B1. Historic Name: Poetsch & Peterson Tannery B2. Common Name: 315, 319, And 325 South Maple Avenue B3. Original Use: Tannery B4. Present Use: Storage, Office, Light Manufacturing *B5. Architectural Style: Utilitarian/industrial *B6. Construction History: (Construction date, alteration, and date of alterations) (See Continuation Sheet) *B7. Moved?  No  Yes  Unknown Date: N/A Original Location: N/A *B8. Related Features: Landscaping, concrete walkways, signage, dumpsters and trash enclosures. B9a. Architect: Unknown; Winston Steel Works (1957 expansion); Robert Allen Williams Architect/ Shen/Glass Architects (319 South Maple Avenue; 315 South Maple Avenue) B9b. Builder: Unknown; Winston Steel Works (1957 expansion) *B10. Significance: Theme N/A Area N/A Period of Significance N/A Property Type N/A Applicable Criteria N/A Historic Context South San Francisco Industrial History South San Francisco’s industrial history begins in the 1890s when the South San Francisco Land and Improvement Company acquired land from what was part of Henry Miller’s vast land empire to build stockyards, meat packing facilities, and a company town. Since those beginnings, the meat packing industry has given way to steel, metals and construction, manufacturing, transportation, chemicals, and biotechnologies. Development within the city resulting from each industry gradually influenced the other industries and shaped the overall profile of South San Francisco as it exists today. This context discusses three key areas industries in South San Francisco: meatpacking and tanneries; construction materials, and chemical manufacturing. (See Continuation Sheet) B11. Additional Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) *B12. References: (See Continuation Sheet) B13. Remarks: N/A *B14. Evaluator: Patrick Maley, ICF *Date of Evaluation: July 1, 2020 (This space reserved for official comments.) Page 3 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 315, 319, And 325 South Maple Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ *P3a. Description (continued): The subject property is located on an industrial parcel composed of an irregular-shaped lot that is surrounded by other industrial properties. The subject parcel is bound primarily by South Maple Avenue to the north and west. The property at 275 S Maple Street (APN 014-232-070) is to the property’s east, and 30-40 Tanforan Avenue (APN 014-250-090) and 54 Tanforan Avenue (APN 014-250-050) are to the south. A Southern Pacific Railroad (SPRR) spur line historically ran outside of the subject property, parallel to the south boundary, and contained multiple branch lines that entered adjacent parcels to the south and east. The SPRR spur line and branches are no longer extant; however, it is described in detail in the linear resource record associated with this DPR. The parcel contains paved surface parking, and is bordered with chain-link metal fencing with privacy slats or barbed wire at the norther and eastern perimeter. Vegetation lines the perimeter of the parcel along South Maple Avenue. 325 S. Maple Avenue The 95,503 square foot warehouse at the west end of the parcel is a two-story industrial building with a mostly rectangular footprint (ParcelQuest 2020). The building is utilitarian in design (Figure 3). It includes two rectangular projections: one at the primary (north) façade, which is a 1957 tilt-up concrete addition, and another at the rear (south) façade, which appears to be part of the original building. The rectangular building stretches across more than half the width of the lot in a northeast/southwest orientation and appears to sit on an unevenly sloped lot. Its foundation is mostly at-grade at the west and is a raised on concrete slab that is several feet tall at the east. Horizontal clapboard siding clads most of the building. The building’s roof is divided in half along its length via depression that includes bands of clerestory windows along both sides that provided daylight to the interior industrial operations. A square penthouse is located at the northwest corner. Parapets cap the east and west façade rooflines (Figure 4). The building’s primary and rear facades contain a mix of vehicular roll-down metal doors, pedestrian doors, and multi-pane windows with metal framing, as well as a band of multiple pane clerestory windows (some of which are boarded over) at the roofline of both façades. A steel-frame canopy is fixed to the building’s west façade. The description above provides information regarding the one age-eligible building; it does not include every building/structure on the site. The table below lists the building described above and other features within the boundaries of the subject property:1 Address Resource Type Location on Parcel Image and Façade Location Approximate Year Built 325 S. Maple Avenue Industrial warehouse Southwest corner 1946/1957 1 Because of the industrial nature of the site, the table may exclude some mechanical equipment or affiliated structures that were not recorded in site plans or visible during the time of survey. The list is meant to provide an overview of the site’s primary features. Page 4 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 315, 319, And 325 South Maple Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Address Resource Type Location on Parcel Image and Façade Location Approximate Year Built 325 S. Maple Avenue Trash enclosure Northmost corner Unknown 315 S. Maple Avenue Industrial warehouse East boundary 1995 319 S. Maple Avenue Industrial warehouse North boundary 1996 *B6. Construction History (continued): The table below lists the key events in the construction history of the subject parcel. Year Construction History Event 1941 Poetsch & Peterson’s industrial consultant meets with Mayor George Holston of South San Francisco regarding locating in the city. 1943 Poetsch & Peterson locate to 325 South Maple Avenue in South San Francisco. It is unclear if there was a temporary structure before the construction of the 325 South Maple Avenue. 1946 Construction of 325 South Maple Avenue. 1946 Historic aerial photograph of the subject parcel shows 325 South Maple Avenue located on the parcel. A rectangular-shaped extension is visible on the south façade. A small, rectangular building appears in the north of the parcel. 1957 Atlas Electric and Engineering Company complete new electrical for 325 South Maple Avenue. 1957 Winston Steel Works is employed to adds tilt-up concrete extension attached to the north façade, expanding the building to the northwest. 1968 Historic aerial photograph of the subject parcel shows 325 South Maple Avenue with the extension in place. A paved parking area has been added on the west of the parcel. Industrial pools are visible in the west of the parcel. 1978 Laicon Inc. is employed to expand wastewater treatment facilities and complete electrical improvements at Page 5 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 315, 319, And 325 South Maple Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ 325 South Maple Avenue. 1980 Historic aerial photograph of the subject parcel shows the industrial pools have been removed. 1986 Shen/Glass Architects create plans for the Poetsch & Peterson Business Park showing two new buildings. 1986 A permit is granted to Herman Wagner et. al (owners) to remodel the existing tannery building for 37 individual warehouse rental uses along with 4,850 square feet office space. 1987 Robert Allen Williams Architect creates new site plan for the Poetsch & Peterson Business Park which shows the 319 South Maple Avenue building for the first time. 1990 A second floor is added to 315 South Maple Avenue. 1990s Seismic retrofit of 325 South Maple Avenue. 1980 Historic aerial photograph of the subject parcel shows the mall, rectangular building in the north of the parcel as well, and the industrial pools have been replaced with concrete paving. Additional paved parking areas are visible. 1995 315 South Maple Avenue is constructed. 1996 319 South Maple Avenue is constructed. 2015 Roof replaced on 325 South Maple Avenue. *B10. Significance (continued): Historic Context – continued South San Francisco’s first large industry was launched when Gustavus Swift, the meat magnate who developed the first refrigerated freight car, visited the area in 1887 with the aim of establishing meat packing houses and an industrial suburb in San Mateo County. The location had several advantages for Swift’s operation: it was close enough to San Francisco to reach the city’s markets, but far enough away to ensure commercial and political independence from the city. In addition, with prevailing winds from the west and the bay to the east, South San Francisco was geographically situated in a way which would mitigate the noxious fumes and effluents generated by industry. In 1891, the area, which Swift named South San Francisco, began filling with workers from “Butchertown”, located to the north in San Francisco’s Bayview Neighborhood, who were moving into the city’s industrial suburbs (Blum 1984). As population and industry expanded, meat packing developed many spin-off industries in South San Francisco, including tanneries, wool pulleries, and fertilizer plants, with many of the businesses relocating from San Francisco’s Bayview Neighborhood. The Poetsch & Peterson Tannery is exemplary of many of the businesses that developed out of South San Francisco’s meat packing industry in being connected with the meat packing industry (in their use of hides) and in employing manual labor and chemical/industrial processes In 1883, German-born Herman Poetsch and his Swedish partner Gustave Peterson chose San Francisco’s Mission District, at Harrison and Army Street (present day Caesar Chavez Street) for the location of their tanning business. At the time, the area was largely industrial with close proximity to butcher shops and animal markets that supplied hides to the fledgling business. Poetsch & Peterson employed workers from Italy, Greece, Germany, and the Guadalajara region of Mexico to produce a leather called latigo, used for boots, shoes, and machinery (San Francisco Examiner 1985:157). Herman and Ella A. Poestch had three sons - William (b. 1888), Herman (b. 1891), Albert (b. 1892), and a daughter - all of whom carried on the business of Poetsch & Peterson when Herman Sr. passed away in 1929 (San Francisco Examiner 1953:10). William Poestch, the eldest son, taught himself the chemical formulas necessary for the production of their distinct brand of leather, handwriting them in a series of notebooks which he kept until the late 80s. Poetsch & Peterson continued to operate in San Francisco through WWI – in which Albert served in the Navy – and through the 1930s. WWII brought difficulties to Poetsch & Peterson as leather was on the government list of goods embargoed for military use, leaving hides in short supply (San Francisco Examiner 1985:157). In 1943, Poetsch & Peterson relocated to 325 South Maple Avenue (located at the subject parcel) in South San Francisco when other chemical and manufacturing businesses were doing the same. The South San Francisco location allowed Poetsch & Peterson more space and provided closer proximity to the slaughterhouses and ancillary businesses upon which Poetsch & Peterson depended, which were gradually relocating their facilities from San Francisco to South San Francisco. Page 6 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 315, 319, And 325 South Maple Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Following the war, union activity brought on a series of strike actions in many South San Francisco industries, including a 1947 Butcher’s Union No. 508 strike over pay increases (The Times [San Mateo] 1947:15) and an Amalgamated Meat Cutters and Butcher Workmen’s Union strike (San Francisco Examiner 1947:6) which impacted Poetsch & Peterson. However, Poetsch & Peterson were able to resolve the conflicts with its unions and through the 1950s and 1960s, production increased at the tannery (Figure 5), but business really took off beginning in the mid-1970s when fashion choices created high demand for latigo bags and sandals. At their height, Poetsch & Peterson were a $1.2 million a year business employing approximately 100 union workers. However, the combination of foreign competition, stricter environmental regulations, and South San Francisco’s push for more “clean” industrial parks ultimately shuttered the business by the mid-1980s (San Francisco Examiner 1985:157). At that point, they were the last tannery on the peninsula. South San Francisco also developed construction materials businesses beginning in the mid-1890s, when the Baden Brick Factory, the Molath Brick Company, and the South San Francisco Lumber Company established themselves in the city (Bamburg ND). By 1907, completion of the 9.8-mile Southern Pacific Railroad Bayshore Cutoff connected South San Francisco’s industrial yards to San Francisco markets in the north. Further construction-related businesses soon emerged that were focused on the development of steel and metal foundries which were needed to supply materials to San Francisco as it rebuilt following the 1906 earthquake (Blum 1984; City of South San Francisco 2020). In 1906, the Selby Smelting and Lead Company’s purchase of land on San Bruno Point raised concerns of pollution from South San Francisco landowners, prompting San Mateo County to pass an ordinance against smelting within County lines. In turn, the City of South San Francisco incorporated in 1908, exempting the City from the ordinance, and allowing the city’s industrial development to rapidly expand (Blum 1984). Beginning with Pacific Jupiter Steel (later Bethlehem Steel), South San Francisco’s foundry and metal production industries expanded to include the Meese and Gottfried Co., Pacific Car and Equipment, Shaw Batcher Steel (later United States Steel), the Edward Wire Rope Co. (which would provide cable for the Golden Gate Bridge), the Doak Sheet Metal Company, the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, and others. By the 1920s, South San Francisco was already celebrating its heavy industry, installing the first sign on Signal Hill reading “SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO THE INDUSTRIAL CITY” in 1923, and replacing it with sixty-foot high concrete letters in 1929 (Bamburg ND). The steel, metals, and materials industries received a boost from defense spending during both world wars, but particularly during WWII. In 1943, Bethlehem Steel was hiring mill helpers, hearth stockers, and yard laborers in support of the war effort at its South San Francisco plant (San Francisco Examiner 1943:39), While some non-defense related metal and manufacturing employers like American Brake Shoe saw growth as well, others (such as Poetsch & Peterson) experienced difficulties due to war-time embargos on materials. With South San Francisco’s population doubling as defense workers poured into the city during WWII, the Federal Government built emergency housing at several locations. The developments were cheaply constructed and densely packed. Lindenville, a 720-unit development for 4,200 people, was constructed between Victory and Railroad Avenues as a series of barrack-like row units (Bamburg ND; Kious ND). Many of these emergency housing units were demolished after the war. At the conclusion of the WWII, industries continued to grow, as suburbanization in California produced demand for metals, concrete, lumber, and other materials. Vannucci Brothers Concrete Construction Company maintained a South San Francisco office while supplying concrete for the development of California’s massive freeway system (San Francisco Examiner 1966:56). In 1955, when Governor Goodwin Knight presented the “Man of Industry” award in front of 400 civic and industrial leaders he said, “For better or for worse, San Mateo county has made its choice for industry. You have voted to see smoke stacks rather than geraniums.” (The Times [San Mateo] 1955:1). However, his choice of recipient – M.W. Reece, vice-president of the South San Francisco’s Reinhold Chemical Corporation – illustrated a transition away from the smokes stacks which had defined the city through the war-era and towards the emergence of light industry: distribution centers, office parks, and chemicals. The “industrial city” was giving way to more light industry plants (like Stuart Manufacturing, Sun Tube Corp., Sees Candy, and Ray Winther Co.) as well as distribution business connected to the San Francisco Airport, which was constructed in 1953 (City of South San Francisco 2020). By the 1960s, heavy industry in South San Francisco was winding down (City of South San Francisco 2020). In 1981, the Bethlehem Steel building was torn down (City of South San Francisco 2020). South San Francisco’s chemical industry began developing in the mid-1930s. In 1935, the South San Francisco Land and Improvement company won out against Los Angeles County in enticing the E.I. du Pont de Nemours Company to purchase Page 7 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 315, 319, And 325 South Maple Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ a seven-acre area on Linden Avenue to construct a varnish and lacquer plant (San Francisco Examiner 1935:4) which was constructed by 1940. Meanwhile, other chemical companies were establishing local facilities on the west coast, often in the Bay View district of San Francisco. In 1935, the Gamlen Chemical Company, founded by Harry Gamlen, a Canadian-born engineer and inventor, began its operations in San Francisco (San Francisco Examiner 1973:41). E.F. Houghton & Co, a Pennsylvania chemical corporation specializing in industrial lubricants, mining lubricants, textile processing oils, tannery oils, and heat treating products, also located in San Francisco at Quint Street and Davidson Avenue (Oakland Tribune 1942:30). Following WWII, many of the light industry and chemical businesses located in San Francisco Bay View began to relocate to South San Francisco to take advantage of the large industrial yards now available for non-war time production. In 1949, du Point expanded a further 5.8 acres in South San Francisco, occupying a corner of Dollar and Tanforan Avenues no longer used for war production to expand its west coast business operations. The post war boom brought demand for chemical products such as finishes for consumer products like cars, ships, and refrigerators (The Times [San Mateo] 1949:4). By the mid-1950s, Gamlen Chemical had relocated to 321 Victory Avenue (The Times [San Mateo] 1955:1) and E. I. du Pont de Nemours Paint was expanding on 160 South Linden Avenue. In 1958, the City of South San Francisco reported a record year for building permits, doubling the previous year’s amount (The Times [San Mateo] 1958:15). E.F. Houghton & Company opened their 300,000 square-foot manufacturing plant, laboratory, office building and storage yard, at the site of the former American Brake Shoe Company at 54 Tanforan Avenue in 1960 (The Times [San Mateo] 1960:11) and were soon launching a new line of aluminum lubricants (The Times [San Mateo] 1963:24). The 1960s also found Merk and Company’s Marine Magnesium Plant expanding in the city (City of South San Francisco 2020). By the mid-70s, E. F. Houghton & Company were hiring local chemistry and physics graduates and becoming something of an industry thought-leader, employing Gerald Loeb – the “Wizard of Wall Street”, a financial author credited with predicting the 1929 stock market crash- as a senior consultant (The Times [San Mateo] 1972a: 21). Gamlen Chemical also expanded operations in the city during the 1970s, constructing a 2-story, 7,200-square foot international headquarters which would house it technical, customer service, and electronic data processing staff (The Times [San Mateo] 1972b:21) and later expanded its central marketing and development operations (The Times [San Mateo] 1975: 25). The chemical industry took a further turn in the 1970s, when Robert Swanson and Dr. Herbert Boyer founded Genentech, spurring new developments the biotech and pharmaceutical industries which would further shape the city’s future. 20th Century Industrial Building Typology More than any other building type, the forms of industrial buildings have historically reflected their functions. Industrial buildings have housed a myriad of uses which include printing, manufacturing, food processing, and warehousing in the early 20th century, as well as later light-industrial functions such as auto repair, office, and commercial in the post-World War II era (Page & Turnbull, Inc. 2009:90). The production processes conducted inside have determined the buildings’ design and organization, in which exterior ornament remained subordinate to more utilitarian concerns. Improvements in building materials and techniques allowed for the bigger and highly functional industrial buildings. Following earlier load-bearing brick construction, reinforced concrete provided for new innovation in industrial building design during the early 20th century. American builders and owners remained wary of reinforced concrete construction until its benefits were clearly revealed when representative buildings survived major earthquakes and fires. Employing reinforced concrete in the design of a new type of industrial production building—the automobile factory—Detroit’s Albert Kahn distinguished himself as the first significant 20th century American industrial architect. Establishing a new precedent for industrial architecture, Kahn worked in close consultation with production experts and engineers to fit the massive hyper-functional building to the needs of the manufacturing process. Kahn’s design principals influenced industrial design throughout the early and mid-20th century. His principles included industrial building configurations that included administrative wings, parking lots, and landscape setbacks fronting shed, sawtooth, or convex-roofed factories so as to obstruct their visibility from streets and highways (Bradley 1999:156–58; Munce 1960:40; Rappaport 2004:433). Other early techniques were exemplified by design accomplishments overseas. Peter Behrens and Mies van der Rohe created a new steel and glass curtain wall system for a turbine factory in Berlin in 1908–1909 that maximized natural lighting, freely exposed the building’s steel skeletal farming, that proved highly influential in the field of industrial building design. Only a few years after its construction, industrial buildings widely implemented the steel industrial sash window system (SurveyLA 2018: 198). Over the next several decades, innovations in prefabrication and framing enabled the design Page 8 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 315, 319, And 325 South Maple Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ of industrial buildings that appeared lighter and incorporated more windows on both exterior facades and roofs (Martinson 2009:283; Rappaport 2004:433). During World War II, the design of industrial production buildings began to shift away from maximization of natural lighting and ventilation. As Bradley explains, “the new model was based on the utilization of artificial lighting, air-conditioning, and forced air circulation to optimize working conditions in structures with few openings” (Bradley 1999:4). Industrial building design in the post-World War II era was characterized by a proliferation of sprawling one-story factory buildings, a product of wartime production that responded to demand for low-cost construction and the increasingly horizontal orientation of production processes. As architectural historian Nina Rappaport explains, “the one-story shed-type building allowed for larger machines and more flexible and open floor plans for the new horizontal assembly-line production, which could then be shifted easily to the truck- and train-based transportation systems, with train lines running close to or even through a manufacturing plant.” During this period in the United States, manufacturing industries also began to relocate from urban cores to booming suburbs or other peripheral zones of new development. Even in the face of a changing industrial environment, the new factory facilities continued to reflect some of the planning principles pioneered by Kahn in the early 20th century, including roof forms, setbacks, parking areas, and minimal to non-existent architectural ornament. However, emerging corporate emphasis on teamwork and organizational psychology led to the introduction of post-war amenities such as cafeterias, athletic facilities, and lounges for workers, as well as a trend away from the earlier separation of administrative offices from factory production spaces. Throughout the 20th century, with the priority of industrial architectural design has remained rooted in efficiency and profit. Industrial processes and products are constantly refined to maximize return on investment. Consequently, industrial properties are frequently altered to accommodate new product manufacturing processes or updated technologies. Full or partial demolition is commonplace, resulting in industrial areas characterized by buildings with widely varying dates of construction and reflecting different industries and contexts over time. Industrial Building Typology: Warehouses The function of warehouse buildings revolves around storing and transporting goods (e.g., storing, processing, distributing, and sometimes light manufacturing). A number of factors have historically influenced their design. Fire safety and theft prevention needs have resulted in builders using thick masonry walls and slow-burning materials, such as iron for doors and shutters. Evolving construction technologies have allowed builders to update warehouse construction materials throughout the 20th century as mentioned early, evolving from early-century load-bearing brick to concrete construction that continued throughout the mid-century era (Page & Turnbull, Inc. 2009:93). During the mid-twentieth century, warehouse design underwent significant change in response to economic pressures for cost reduction and the movement of warehousing and other industrial operations from the urban core to the suburbs and other peripheral zones. In this process, one-story buildings with concrete floors and ceilings rising 20 feet or more became the norm. The use of forklift trucks and pallets became standardized in warehousing. Climate control technology and artificial lighting reduced the number of windows or eliminated them entirely. Sprawling warehouse buildings in suburban industrial zones might be screened from view at the street by office wings or vegetative set-backs. In other cases, a public entry or office might be ensconced in one corner of the building. As architectural historian Betsy Hunter Bradley explains, in other portions of most offices associated with warehouse buildings, “freight doors, truck docks, and railroad sidings became the only features,” while “brick and other siding materials enclosed bland, unstyled” buildings “intended to blend in with nearby commercial and industrial structures” (Bradley 2004:1432). Due to the advancement of building materials in the post-World War II era, low-cost prefabrication options further stripped warehouse facades. They became simple utilitarian buildings with uncomplicated footprints, boxed massing, flat roofs, and modest siding or exposed concrete or concrete block (Munce 1960:47–48). Other key features of post-war warehouse industrial buildings might include: • a rectangular footprint; Page 9 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 315, 319, And 325 South Maple Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ • one-story height; • simple massing; • raised foundation with loading docks; • roll-up doors for vehicular use; • minimal fenestration or complete lack of windows; • utilitarian style, often with no ornamentation; • prefabricated materials; • and simple siding. Site History In 1941, Louis Stocklmeir Industrial Consultants, the representatives of the Poetsch & Peterson Tannery, met with South San Francisco Mayor George Holston to discuss a location for the tannery in the city (The Times [San Mateo] 1941:2). Poetsch & Peterson relocated from San Francisco to South San Francisco in 1943, though it not known if they relocated to a temporary structure at the subject parcel or elsewhere in the city. The 325 South Maple Avenue building was constructed for Poetsch & Peterson in 1946, and historic aerial photographs from that year show 325 South Maple Avenue on an undeveloped parcel, with a small, rectangular building in the north. The parcel was committed exclusively to tannery uses from 1946 until the mid-1980s. In 1957, Poetsch & Peterson had an extension added to the tannery building, and additional paved parking areas were added on the parcel. Historic aerial photographs from this time also show industrial settling pools on the west side of the parcel. The tannery was operating at its highest level during the 1970s, and was required by new environmental laws to make a number of wastewater treatment improvements to the property. Historical aerial photographs spanning 1980 to 1987 show that the industrial pools were gradually removed, opening up the western portion of the parcel to further development. As the tannery business began to wind down, the parcel took on new uses. During the mid-1980s, plans were drawn up to turn the parcel into a business park. In 1986, 325 South Maple Avenue was divided into 37 individual warehouse units housed within the same building. A large number of tenant occupied 325 South Maple Avenue beginning at this time. These tenants were involved in a variety of storage, office, repair, food preparation, and light manufacturing businesses. In 1987, final plans drafted for the addition of two buildings to the parcel for storage/office/and light industrial uses. The two additional building were not constructed until the mid-1990s. By 1996, the business park was complete and the two new buildings constructed. The new buildings provided space to similar uses as those in the individual warehouse units in the old tannery building. Ownership and Occupant History Known owners and occupants of the subject property are summarized in the table below. No information was found regarding earlier owners or occupants of the subject property. Owners information was gathered through tax assessor’s data and permit/site record obtained at the City of South San Francisco Building Division. Occupant information was gathered through a combination of available directories and reverse directories, as well as building permits.2 315 South Maple Avenue Year Occupancy Notes 1997 Flite Line Equipment Corp 1997 TC & R Inspections 1997 City Baking Co. 1997-1998 Terravera Inc 2 Due to closures and restrictions resulting from Covid-19 and shelter-in-place orders, research in city directories was provided to the author by staff at the South San Francisco Library. Page 10 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 315, 319, And 325 South Maple Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ 2005-2009 Homestead Ravioli Co. Current Curry Up Now (franchising office) The building at 315 South Maple Avenue was constructed in 1996 to serve storage and office uses which continue to the present day. The earliest tenants include Flite Line Equipment Corporation, an equipment and part supplier for airlines (Flite Line 2020); TC & R Inspections; and City Baking Company, which supplied baked goods to accounts from Santa Rosa to Sacramento and down to Monterey (City Baking Company 2020). Other occupant included Terravera Inc; Homestead Ravioli; and the franchising office for Curry Up Now. 319 South Maple Avenue Occupants Year Occupancy Notes 1998 #204 Lynco Delivery Systems 1998 #205 S J H International Inc 1998 #206 Box Lunch Company 2005 City Baking Co. The building at 319 South Maple Avenue was constructed in 1995 to serve storage and office uses which continue to the present day. The earliest tenants include shipping business including Lynco Delivery Systems and S J H International Inc, as well a food service companies such as, the Box Lunch Company, which delivers high quality food businesses events (Box Lunch Company 2020) and City Baking Company. 325 South Maple Avenue Occupants Year Occupancy Notes 1946 Poetsch & Peterson 1959 Poetsch & Peterson 1989 Sung Ling Corporation Poetsch & Peterson Triple 8 8 8 Services Russell Range Inc Eden Air Freight Atlantic Mechanical Inc Allen-Ricci's Roofing Co EAS Express Air Cargo System USA LTD Blue & Gold Express 1991-1992 Taylor United Agencies Inc. 1991-1992 Sung Ling Corporation 1991-1998 Poetsch & Peterson 1991-1992 Triple 888 Services D C Roque International Inc. 1991-1993 Russell Range Inc 1991-1993 Royal Limousine of San Francisco F A S T 1991-1994 Acura Constrution & Sheet Metal Co. 1991-1993 AFT Internatl Freight System Inc. 1991-1994 Allen-Ricci's Roofing Co. Page 11 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 315, 319, And 325 South Maple Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ 1991-1992 EAS Express Air Cargo System USA LTD Executive Machineries & Engineering Co of Blue & Gold Express 1991-1992 Mercury Express Intl 1992-1993 Uhaul Co 1992-1993 Eden Air Freight 1993 All Bearing and Drives 1993-1994 Genesis Warehousing & Distribution Blue & Gold Express 1994-1996 Taylor United Agencies Inc. 1994-1998 Rebarber Enterprises 1994-1998 Morris Smoked Fish Company 1994-1998 Trussworks 1994-1998 Exhibit Factory Royal Limousine of San Francisco U-haul Co 1994-1998 Cargo Concepts Internatl 1994-1998 AFT Internatl Freigh System Inc 1995-1997 Lynco Delivery Systems 1995-1998 Acura Construction and Sheet Metal Co 1995-1996 Allen-Ricci's Roofing Co CARE 1996 Gallop Inc 1998 Flite Line Equipment Inc MM & R Installation Super Movers Inc. 2009 Butler Barbara Artist Builder Poetsch & Peterson Driessen Services Inc. Acura Construction & Sheet Metal Co. Westcoast Installation Services #40 Cargo Concepts Internatl As discussed in detail above under Historic Context, The Poetsch & Peterson Tannery was a long-lasting tanning businesses owned and operated by the Herman Poetsch and Gustave Peterson, and later, by their families. The company operated at the 325 South Maple Avenue building from 1943 until the mid-1980s, after which they continued to maintain offices at the location. The Poetsch & Peterson Tannery was known for latigo leather, which became highly popular during the 70s for use in sandals and handbags. Beginning in 1989, the building at 325 South Maple Avenue because to serve other industrial, storage, repair, and light manufacturing uses. Tenants included the Sung Ling Corporation, Triple 8 8 8 Services, Russell Range, Eden Air Freight, Atlantic Mechanical Inc, Allen-Ricci's Roofing Co, EAS Express Air Cargo System USA LTD, Blue & Gold Express, and Taylor United Agencies Inc. These uses continued at 325 South Maple Avenue throughout the 1990s, and new uses – including software engineering firms like Trussworks (Trussworks 2020) - also began to occupy the building. Page 12 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 315, 319, And 325 South Maple Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ 325; 315; and 319 South Maple Avenue Ownership Year Occupant 1946 - 2019 Unknown (assumed Poetsch & Peterson and descendants) 2019 Eileen Wagner Trust; Charles A Wagner Trust; Marie E Krenz; Joseph William Wagner; Marie Josephine Wagner; Laura Dignon Wagner; Laura Marie Wagner 2019 - Present South Maple Business Park; South Maple Business Park LLC While ownership records were not available for the subject parcel before 2019, it is assumed from historic newspaper research that ownership has remained in the hands of the descendants of Herman Poetsch and Gustave Peterson (the Wagner family are descendants of Peterson) until the present day, when ownership of the property passed to the South Maple Business Park LLC. Evaluation of 325 South Maple Avenue The subject property is not currently listed in the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR) or the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), nor was it previously evaluated and found eligible. The following discussion provides an evaluation of the subject property under CRHR Criteria 1–4 and NRHP Criteria A-D for individual eligibility. This evaluation does not address the potential of the historic property as a contributor to a historic district. CRITERIA 1/A (Events) The subject property at 325 South Maple Avenue was the second location of the Poetsch & Peterson Tannery and has been owned by decedents of Herman Poetsch and Gustave Peterson, who started the business in San Francisco in 1883, up to the present day. The Poetsch & Peterson Tannery is connected with the transformation of South San Francisco industry, from its days as a meat-packing city to its days as a chemical and light industry center. The transformation of the parcel reflects all the main phases of industrial history in South San Francisco. The building began as a chemical-heavy tanning facility on a mostly unpaved parcel, utilizing hides from local stockyards; to a busy tanning business employing a unionized workforce to create leather for sandals and hand bags; to a paved business park with multiple tenants employed in light industry, office, and other uses. However, Herman Poetsch and Gustave Peterson operated their business in San Francisco for nearly 60 years before the business was relocated to South San Francisco, and tanneries, wool pulleries, and other business stemming from South San Francisco’s early meat-packing industry were already in place when Poetsch & Peterson made their relocation. While the business operated for nearly 40 years at the subject property, it operated within a previously developed industrial context which had many similar business (such as Swift Co meats) which had been established much earlier. Therefore, while 325 South Maple Avenue is connected to South San Francisco industrial history, the association does not rise to a level of individual significance necessary for inclusion under NRHP/CRHR Criteria A/1. CRITERIA 2/B (Persons) Properties eligible for listing in the CRHR for association with a historically significant individual are typically properties where such an individual performed the work or other activities for which he or she is known. The subject property at 325 South Maple Avenue appears to lack associative value related to a significant person(s) or company. While Herman Poetsch and Gustave Peterson are important person in the history of the San Francisco Bay Area tanning industry, they lived and worked in San Francisco for nearly 60 years and both of them had passed away by the time the business relocated to South San Francisco. Herman Poetsch’s eldest son William Poestch, along with decedents of Gustav Peterson (the Wagner family), kept the business going after its move to South San Francisco. William Poetsch was a talented, self-taught chemist who helped make the business thrive for nearly 40 years. However, no information was found linking William Poetsch to discoveries or inventions that had local, state, or national significance. William Poetsch’s contributions to the business alone do not imbue Page 13 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 315, 319, And 325 South Maple Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ significance to the subject building, where he worked alongside countless others also involved in the tannery. Research yielded no evidence that the building has any significant association with any other significant persons. Therefore, the subject property is not individually significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria B/2. CRITERIA 3/C (Design/Construction) The subject property at 325 South Maple Avenue lacks distinctive architectural character and aesthetic value. Although the original architect of the subject property is unknown, the subject building does not appear to represent the work of a master architect or designer or builder. The former tannery building dates to 1946 and is a simple rectangular utilitarian industrial building constructed to maximize square footage and space necessary to deal with the chemicals, hides, and machinery required for the tanning process. The building has the flat roof form which was typical of mid-20th century industrial architecture, designed to blend in with suburban industrial landscapes. The building has been continually altered throughout its existence to accommodate the changing needs of Poetsch & Peterson, and later to adapt to new tenants as part of an office park. Overall, the subject property reflects common building designs and construction methods, which are found throughout industrial areas in many American cities. The building does not embody a noteworthy type or method of construction, nor is it associated with any significant designers or builders. Lastly, the additional building on the parcel, 319 South Maple Avenue and 315 South Maple Avenue, are not 45 years or older in age. Therefore, the subject property is not individually significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria C/3. CRITERIA 4/D (Information Potential) The subject property at 30 Tanforan Avenue does not have the potential to provide further information that would promote a deeper understanding of the history of the built environment. The property contains age-eligible buildings that are common examples of a 20th century industrial design and would not yield information important the historic development of the property or the city. Therefore, the subject property is not significant under NRHP/CRHR Criteria D/4. This evaluation does not apply to the potential for archaeological discovery the property. A full analysis of archaeological value is beyond the scope of this report. Conclusion Based on an evaluation outlined above, the subject property at 325 South Maple Avenue is ineligible for individual listing in the CRHR/NRHP. The property is therefore not a historical resource for the purposes of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), in accordance with Section 15064.5(a)(2)-(3) of the CEQA Guidelines, using the criteria outlined in Section 5024.1 of the California Public Resources Code. *B12. References (continued): Bamburg, B. L. ND. South San Francisco Historic Preservation Survey 1985 – 1986: A Comprehensive Study of History and Architecture. City of South San Francisco: CA. Blum, J. 1984. South San Francisco: The Making of an Industrial City. In California History 63(2): Pages 114-134. Box Lunch Company. 2020. What We Do. Available: http://www.paninitime.com/DynPage?ID=42. Accessed: July 8, 2020. Bradley, Betsy Hunter. 1999. The Works: The Industrial Architecture of the United States. Oxford University Press, New York, New York. Page 14 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 315, 319, And 325 South Maple Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Bradley, Betsy Hunter. 2004. Warehouse. In R. Stephen Sennott (ed.), Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century Architecture, Volume 3, P-Z. R. Fitzroy Dearborn, New York, New York. City Baking Company. 2020. Our Story. Available: https://www.citybaking.com/our-story. Accessed. July 8, 2020/ City of South San Francisco. 2020. Historic Articles: General History. Available here: https://www.ssf.net/our-city/about-south-san-francisco/history/historical-articles. Accessed: June 23, 2020. Kious, J. ND. “Lindenville.” Available here: https://www.ssf.net/our-city/about-south-san-francisco/history/historical-articles. Accessed: June 23, 2020. Leathersmithe. 2020. Poetsch & Peterson San Francisco Tannery. Available here: http://www.leathersmithe.com/poetsch--peterson-san-franc.html. Accessed: July 12, 2020. Martinson, Tom. 2009. Atlas of American Architecture. Rizzoli Publications, New York, New York. Munce, James F. 1960. Industrial Architecture: An Analysis of International Building Practice. F. W. Dodge Corporation, New York, New York. Oakland Tribune (Oakland, California). 1942. “Lubricant Firm Opens S.F. Plant.” June 26. Nationwide Environmental Title Research, LLC. 1946–2005. 325 South Maple Avenue, CA. Aerial photograph. Historic Aerials Viewer. Available: https://www.historicaerials.com/viewer. Accessed: July 1, 2020. Page & Turnbull, Inc. 2009. South of Market Area, San Francisco, California Historic Context Statement. Final. Prepared for City and County of San Francisco Planning Department. ParcelQuest. 2020. 160 South Linden Avenue, South San Francisco, CA 94080. Available: https://www.parcelquest.com/. Accessed: July 1, 2020. Rappaport, Nina. 2004. Factory. In R. Stephen Sennott (ed.), Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century Architecture, Volume 1, A-F. R. Fitzroy Dearborn, New York, New York. San Francisco Examiner (San Francisco, California). 1935. “Du Pont Purchase Largest In Years.” July 27. ———. 1943. “Help Wanted.” July 11. ———. 1947. “Six Tanneries Hit By Strikes.” January 21. ———. 1953. “Mrs. Poetsche Estate Filed.” February 24. ———. 1966. “Lawrence Vannucci At 77.” January 16. ———. 1973. “Harry Gamlen Rites.” January 15. ———. 1985. “Foreign Competition, environmental laws tanned their hide.” December 4. SurveyLA. 2018. Los Angeles Citywide Historic Context Statement, Context: Industrial Development, 1850-1980. Prepared for the City of Los Angeles, Department of City Planning, Office of Historic Resources. September 2011, revised February 2018. The Times (San Mateo, California). 1949. “DuPont Plans SSF Expansion.” April 1. Page 15 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 315, 319, And 325 South Maple Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ ———. 1941. “Tannery Seeks Site in S.S.F”. May 8. ———. 1947. “Deadlock in Tan Strike.” January 30. ———. 1955. “$75,000 Fire Razes SSF Chemical Plant.” June 12. ———. 1958. “Building in S.S.F. Heads For Record.” August 12. ———. 1960. “S.S.F. Opening New Company.” April 23. ———. 1963. “New Product for S.S.F. Firm.” August 26. ———. 1972a. “Companies Told To Push Negative.” April 24. ———. 1972b. “New Headquarters Started.” April 24. ———. 1975. “Gamlen Chemical Expands.” January 24. Trussworks. 2020. About Us. Available: https://truss.works/about-us. Accessed: July 11, 2020. UC Santa Barbara. 2020a. “FrameFinder.” Flight DDB, Frame 2B-135, October 11, 1943. Accessed June 19, 2020. Available: http://mil.library.ucsb.edu/ap_indexes/FrameFinder/. ———. 2020b. “FrameFinder.” Flight CAS-65-130, Frame 1-51, May 11, 1965. Accessed June 19, 2020. Available: http://mil.library.ucsb.edu/ap_indexes/FrameFinder/. Page 16 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 315, 319, And 325 South Maple Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Additional Figures: Figure 2. Aerial view of industrial parcel at 325 South Maple Avenue, outlined in yellow, facing north. Source: San Mateo County Property Maps Portal, 2020; edited by ICF. Figure 3. View of the west and north façade of 325 South Maple Avenue. Source: Marx/Okubo Associates, Inc. August 29, 2018. Page 17 of 17 *Resource Name or #(Assigned by recorder) 315, 319, And 325 South Maple Avenue *Recorded by Patrick Maley, ICF *Date July 1, 2020  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (9/2013) *Required Information State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # _____________________________________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ________________________________________ CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial ____________________________________________ Figure 4. Roof Detail of 325 South Maple Avenue. Source: Marx/Okubo Associates, Inc. August 29, 2018. Figure 5. Poetsch & Peterson Tannery glazing and finishing room circa 1950s. Source: Leathersmithe 2020.