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HomeMy WebLinkAboutReso 165-1992 RESOLUTION NO. 165-92 CITY COUNCIL, CITY OF SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO, STATE OF CALIFORNIA A RESOLUTION APPROVING AMENDMENT NO. GP-92-45 AMENDING THE HOUSING ELEMENT OF THE GENERAL PLAN AND NEGATIVE DECLARATION NO. 733 WHEREAS, Government Code §65302(c) and Title 7, Division 1, Article 10.6 of the Government Code (commencing with Section 65580) (hereafter "Article 10.6") require that California Cities adopt a Housing Element to their General Plan; and WHEREAS, the City of South San Francisco adopted such a Housing Element on September 2, 1981, adopted revisions to said Housing Element on July 25, 1984, and June 27, 1990, and is now revising the document to incorporate modifications and additions required by existing state law and recent revisions; and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission of the City of South San Francisco has reviewed the proposed Amendment to said Housing Element (attached hereto as Exhibit "A" and by this reference incorporated herein), has held a duly noticed public hearing regarding said proposed Amendment and during said hearing did consider all comments submitted to it before and during said hearing related to said proposed Amendment; and WHEREAS, it appears that said proposed Amendment will result in a Housing Element which conforms to the requirements of Article 10.6 and its adoption would result in an integrated, internally consistent and compatible statement of policies for the City of South San Francisco. WHEREAS, the City Council has directed that certain revisions be made ~o said Housing Element and such revisions are set forth in Exhibit "B" (attached hereto and by this reference incorporated herein). NOW', THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of South San Francisco as follows: 1. The proposed Amendment to the Housing Element of the General Plan of the City of South San Francisco (Exhibit "A" hereto) is consistent with the remaining elements of said General Plan; ard 2. Said proposed Amendment is in compliance with the requirements of Article 10.6 and Section 65302(c) of the Government Code and other applicable state laws; and 3. I Said proposed Amendment is consistent with the comprehensive land use plan adopted by the San Mateo County Airport Land Use Commission pursuant to Section 21675 of the Public Utilities Code; and 4. Adoption of the proposed Amendment will result in an integrated, internally consistent and compatible statement of policies for the City of South San Francisco; and 5. A proper Negative Declaration was prepared for the proposed Amendment in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act of 1970, as amended. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the City Council hereby approve Negative Declaration No. 733 and adopt the proposed General Plan, Housing Element Amendment (Exhibit "A") hereto. AYES: I hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution was regularly introduced and adopted by the City Council of the City of South San Francisco at a regu] ar meeting held on the 9th day of Cecember , 1992 by the following vote: Councilmemh~.r.~ ,lank llrago, Joseph A. Fernekes, John R. Ponna, Rnh~rt Ymm, and Mayor Roberta Cerri Teglia NOES: Nnn~ ABSTAIN: Nnn~ ABSENT: Nnn~ · City Clerk EXHIBIT A TO RESOLUTION NO. 165-92 City of South San Francisco GENERAL PLAN HOUSING ELEMENT 1990-1995 September 1992 CITY COUNCIL John Penna, Mayor Jack Drago Roberta Teglia, Vice-Mayor Joseph Femekes Robert Y~ PLANNING COMMISSION Louis Matteucci, Chairman Roben Mantegani Beverly Boblitt Margaret Warren, Vice-Chairman Michael DeZoxdo Joy-Ann Wendler Alan Zellmer STAFF Steve Solomon, Chief Planner Steve Carlson, Senior Planner Susy Kalkin, Associate Planner 1992 Revisions and Update Naphtali H. Knox & Associates, Inc., Menlo Park II. II1. Contents A. Intent and Purpose ...................................................................................................... 1 B. Maj3r Findings and Goals .......................................................................................... 2 C. For'nat of the Housing Element ................................................................................ 3 D. The Housing Element Process and Public Participation ..................................... 4 E. Progress in Implementing the 1984 Housing Element ......................................... 5 F. Appropriateness and Effectiveness of the Housing Element .............................. 6 BACKGROUND A. ON HOUSING NEEDS ......................... : ................................. 10 Population, Employment, and Housing Trends and Needs .............................. 10 1. Population Trends ............................................................................................... 10 2. Employment Projections: ................................................................................... 12 3. Existing and Projected Housing Needs .......................................................... 12 B. HoJsing and Household Characteristics .............................................................. 15 1. Household Composition and Income .............................................................. 15 2. Housing Unit Mix and Household Size ........................................................... 18 3. Housing Costs ...................................................................................................... 20 4. Level of Payment Compared with Ability to Pay ............................................ 21 5. Overcrowding ....................................................................................................... 22 C. Special Housing Needs ........................................................................................... 25 1. Disabled ................................................................................................................ 25 2. Elderly .................................................................................................................... 26 3. Large Households ............................................................................................... 26 4. Single-parent Households ................................................................................ 27 5. Homeless .............................................................................................................. 28 6. Farmworkers ......................................................................................................... 29 HOUSING A. DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL AND CONSTRAINTS ........... 31 Existing Housing Stock ............................................................................................ 31 1. Number and Types of Units ............................................................................... 31 2. Condition of the Housing Stock ........................................................................ 34 Residential Development Potential ........................................................................ 37 1. Availability of Sites .............................................................................................. 37 2. Housing Development Projections, 1990-1995 ............................................ 42 3. Public Facilities and Services ........................................................................... 43 Contents C. Availability of Assistance Programs ....................................................................... 45 1. Housing Programs .............................................................................................. 45 2. At-risk Units ........................................................................................................... 45 D. Gcvernment Constraints .......................................................................................... 48 1. General Plan Land Use Controls ..................................................................... 48 2. Zoning Controls ................................................................................................... 54 3. Building Codes .................................................................................................... 58 4. City Permit Processing and Fees ..................................................................... 58 6. Infrastructure Improvements .............................................................................. 60 E. Market Constraints .................................................................................................... 62 1. Land Costs .......................................... : ................................................................. 62 2. Construction Costs .............................................................................................. 62 3. Cost and Availability of Financing .................................................................... 64 4. Recent Market Experience ................................................................................. 64 F. Opportunities for Energy Conservation ................................................................. 65 IV. HOUSING PLAN AND PROGRAMS .................................................................. 66 APPENDICES A. SL mmary of Policies, Actions, and Responsibilities ......................................... A-1 B. South San Francisco Housing Element Glossary ............................................. B-1 C. Housing Element Review Worksheet .................................................................. C-1 D. ABAG Projections Methodology ........................................................................... D-1 E. Housing Rehabilitation Program .......................................................................... E-1 i II List of Figures Page 1. Anaysis of the 1984 Housing Element ................................................................ 8 2. Historic Population Trends ................................................................................ 10 3. Pop,Jlation, Household and Employment Forecasts ......................................... 11 4. Population Characteristics ................................................................................. 12 5. ExiSting and Projected Housing Needs ............................................................. 14 6. Pro~ected Housing Need by Income Category .................................................. 15 7. Remaining Housing Need by Income Category ................................................ 15 8. Number of Households by Household Type, 1990 ............................................ 16 9. Population by Age Group, 1970 to 1990 ........................................................... 17 10. Population by Age Group, 1970 and 1990 ........................................................ 17 11. Number, Type of Units and Household Size, 1980 and 1990 ........................... 18 12. HoL sing Occupancy Status 1990 ...................................................................... 19 13. Number of Persons in Units by Type of Structure ............................................. 19 14. Median Home Values, 1980, 1989, and 1990 ................................................... 21 15. Overpayment, 1980 and 1990 ........................................................................... 22 16. Overcrowding .................................................................................................... 23 17. Census Tracts ................................................................................................... 24 18. Size of Units Compared with Size of Households ............................................. 25 19. Number of Households with Five or More Persons ................................... ; ....... 27 20. Housing Units by Date of Construction .............................................................. 31 21. Number of New Housing Units Added by Year and Type ................................. 32 22. Percentage of Units by Type of Structure .......................................................... 33 23. SRO Hotels in South San Francisco ................................................................. 34 24. Housing Conditions by Neighborhood ............................................................... 35 25. Residential Neighborhoods ............................................................................... 36 26. Lar~d Suitable for Residential Development ...................................................... 38 27. Sites Available for Residential Development ..................................................... 41 28. HoJsing Potential by Type and Affordability ...................................................... 44 29. Low-income Units at Risk of Conversion ........................................................... 49 30. Front, Rear, and Side Yard Regulations ........................................................... 55 31. Zoning Density Regulations. .............................................................................. 56 32. Pa~,ing Requirements ....................................................................................... 57 33. Comparison of Developer Fees ......................................................................... 61 34. Components of Housing Cost. ........................................................................... 63 35. Quantified Objectives by Income Level ............................................................. 93 iii 2 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ___ 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 3O 31 32 33 I.INTRODUCTION A. INTSNT AND PURPOSE Every city in California is required to prepare a Housing Element as part of its General Plan. The Housing Element is a plan to identify and meet the housing needs of the community, including households of all income levels and persons with special housing needs. ! The Housing Element is one of seven State-required ele- ments tkat make up the City's general plan. In adopting the State Housing Element legislation, the Legislature recognized the impor- tance .of local planning and program commitment and found: a. The availability of housing is of vital statewide importance, and early attainment of decent housing and a suitable living environment for every California family is a priority of the highest order. b. Th~ early attainment of this goal requires cooperative par- ticipation of government and the private sector in an effort to expand housing opportunities and to accommodate the hous- ing needs of Californians of all economic levels. Ce The provision of housing affordable to low- and moderate-in- come households requires the cooperation of all levels of government. Local and State governments have a responsibility to use the powers vested in them to facilitate the improvement and de- velopment of housing to make adequate provision for the hous- in~ needs of all economic segments of the community. Local and State governments, in carrying out this responsi- bility, must consider economic, environmental, and fiscal factors, and community goals set forth in the General Plan and must cooperate with all levels of government in order to adequately address regional housing needs. Article 10.6 of the Government Code, Sections 65580 through 65589.5, requires that a housing element consist of an analysis of existing and projected housing needs, and a statement of goals, policies, programs, and quantified objectives for the preserva- 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 ~30 South San !Frandsco Housing Element September 1992 tion, improvement and development of housing. The housing element must be reviewed and revised at least every five years. The South San Francisco Housing Element has been prepared to con- form to the requirements of State law and to provide for the hous- ing needs of all economic segments of the community. B. MAJOR FINDINGS AND GOALS This Housing Element made seven major findings: 1) Housing is expensive in relation to the ability of resi- dents to pay. 2) Overcrowding is a significant problem. 3) Much of the existing housing (one of every eight units) needs to be rehabilitated. 4) The need for rehabilitation is greatest in the older parts of town. Irish Town 36.8 percent Mayfair Village/Francisco Terrace 17.6 percent Peck's Lots 16.9 Percent Grand Avenue 16.4 percent Town of Baden 15.3 percent 5) Adequate land is available to meet future housing needs, including the provision of housing affordable to lower-income househo].ds. 6) Constraints imposed on development by the City do not unduly restrict housing construction in South San Francisco; and 7) The primary barrier to the construction of adequate amounts of new housing is not local, but the condition of the na- tional and regional economy. The Housing Element has five major goals: housinl)g. Assure each resident attractive, healthful, and safe 2 Chapter L Introduction 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 __15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 2) forts. Provide new housing through both private and public ef- 3) Provide housing for persons with special needs. 4) Eliminate housing discrimination; and 5) Prohibit housing development in areas with major haz- ards. I These goals are broad statements of what the community desires. They are backed up by policies that commit the City to future ac- tions--actions that are spelled out in terms of who will do what, when, and with what funding sources, to accomplish specific quan- tified objectives. C. FOF, MAT OF THE HOUSING ELEMENT The South San Francisco Housing Element consists of four chapters including this introduction. The goals, policies and actions are spelled out in Chapter 4. The first three chapters provide an in- troduction to the process and product, an analysis of existing and future housing needs, and a description of the housing in the com- munity and the constraints that affect the production of future housing. Chapter II offers a detailed analysis of current and projected housing needs in the City of South San Francisco. Within this an- alysis ns an inventory of population, households, household size, employment trends, and a discussion Of groups with special housing needs. Chapter III analyzes housing characteristics and describes the ex- isting housing stock and recent additions to the stock. An inven- tory of vacant and redevelopable sites that could accommodate new housing units is used to estimate the potential number of new units that could be provided, with or without governmental incen- tives. I Chapter III also analyzes housing constraints--factors that act as barriers to the construction of housing. These include both governmental and market constraints to housing production. 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 South San Francisco Housing Element September 1992 Chapter IV presents a list of goals, objectives, policies, and housing programs necessary to address the housing needs of house- holds living within the city. While goal and policy statements are general in nature, the housing programs are specific actions in- tended to implement these goals and policies. Wherever relevant, the Housing Element provides quantified objectives for the number and types of housing units expected to be constructed under the various housing programs. The Appendices include A) Summary of Goals, Policies and Objec- tives; B) a Glossary of Housing Element terms; C) a completed Worksheeu to assist the State Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) in its review of the Housing Element; D) the forecasting methodology developed by the Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) and background information for the population and employment projections cited in Chapter II; and E) details of the City's Housing Rehabilitation Program as described in Chapter IV, Action 1A-l, including the qualifying requirements to receive City anc CDBG funds for home rehabilitation based on household size and income and other criteria. O. THE, HOUSING ELEMENT PROCESS AND PUBLIC PARTICIPATION Citizens were involved in preparing the South San Francisco Hous- ing Element through Planning Commission study sessions and Plan- ning Co~mission and City Council public hearings during the first half of 1990. These hearings were widely publicized in an effort to obtain input from all segments of the community. Notices were sent to all homeowners'associations, the Chamber of Commerce, the Downtown Merchants Association, the North Peninsula Neighborhood Services Center, all churches in the community, and to others who asked to be notified. As required by State law, the Draft Updated Housing Element was referred to the State Department of Housing and Community Develop- ment (HCD). and to the San Mateo County Airport Land Use Committee (ALUC) for review. The ALUC submitted written comments which were reviewed by the Planning Commission and incorporated in the docu- ment. HCD telephoned its comments to staff early in May and for- warded written comments in a letter dated June 4, 1990. 4 Chapter I. Introduction 1 2 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 On May 31, 1990, after incorporating recommended changes, the Planning Commission adopted Resolution No. 2422 recommending that the City Council approve Negative Declaration No. 684 and adopt the amended Housing Element. The City Council took those actions on June 27, 1990, and the Updated Housing Element was adopted on that date by Resolution No. 94-90. On July 23, 1990 and again on January 18, 1991, HCD responded that the City was still not in compliance with Article 10.6 of the Gov- ernment Code. In addition, a new law effective January, 1992, re- quires the Housing Element to analyze and provide programs to pre- serve low-income subsidized units that are at risk of conversion to market rate. For these reasons, the City decided to revise the 1990 Housing Element. Work on this revision began in December, 1991. The first hearing before the Planning Commission took place on Febru- ary 20, 1992. A draft was completed in May and sent to HCD for review, and a public workshop on the Housing element was held in South Sar Francisco on June 3. / Upon coKpletion of the Housing Element revision process, the city will review other Elements of the General Plan for consistency with the adopted Housing Element. Amendments will be made to the other elements as may be necessary to bring them into conformity with the Housing Element. E. PROGRESS IN IMPLEMENTING THE 1984 HOUSING ELEMENT I The following programs and projects were accomplished between the time that the previous Housing Element was adopted in July 1984 and 199C: 287 single family units, 28 duplex units, 72 townhome/condo- minium units and 242 multi-family units were constructed. An estimated 86 units were conserved or rehabilitated under various programs funded by CDBG funds. An additional 75 Section 8 units were occupied by low- and moderate-income households. 5 South SaN Francisco Housing Element September 1992 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 ..... 35 The City's shared housing program accommodated 131 new occu- pants. The City's airport noise insulation program benefited 162 households of all income levels and two schools. A benefi- cial side effect of this program is energy conservation. $990,000 in City redevelopment set-aside funds were allocated to a 125-unit senior citizen rental housing project developed by Bridge Housing Corporation. The City purchased the land and provided a density bonus allowing 50 units per acre. In recurn, 50 percent of the units will remain affordable to low- and very low-income tenants for at least 75 years, after which the property and improvements revert to the City. The City provided $120,000 in redevelopment housing set-aside funds to assist the Mid-Peninsula Housing Coalition in con- verting boarding rooms into 11 studio apartment units. All units are affordable to very low-income persons. Figure 1 on pages 7 and 8 compares the quantified objectives and actual achievements for all of the housing programs included in the previous element. While some programs achieved their objec- tives, others did not. Among the causes were the low rate of housing production during this period and the consequent lack of interes; on the part of developers in some of the City's incentive programs. While it is beyond the power of the City to alter na- tional and regional economic conditions that determine the rate of housing construction, the City intends to promote its programs more aggressively to the private and non-profit sectors. (See Chapter IV, Action Programs 1B-l, 2A-l, and 2B-6.) F. AP=ROPRIATENESS AND EFFECTIVENESS OF THE HOUSING ELEMENT In adop;ing this Housing Element, the City of South San Francisco finds that its housing goals, objectives, and policies are appro- priate in contributing to the attainment of the State's housing goal in that: ThD City supports increased housing availability through identification of adequate sites, and support for new housing construction and the use of innovative techniques such as 6 Chapter L Introduction 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 __17 18 19 20 shared housing, mixed land uses, and factory-built and manu- fac5ured housing. The City supports early attainment of decent housing and a suitable living environment for families through new housing construction, housing rehabilitation and conservation pro- grams, and by making adequate sites available. The City fosters cooperation of the public and private sec- tors in expanding housing opportunities and accommodating housing needs through rezoning efforts, density bonuses, mixed land uses, housing revenue bonds, and rehabilitation programs. The City supports the provision of housing affordable to low- and'moderate-income households through new single-family and multiple-family housing construction, use of factory-built housing and mobile homes, creation of second units and shar- ing of homes, and construction of senior housing. The City facilitates the adequate provision of housing for all economic segments of the community through site avail- ability, new housing construction, housing conservation, and rehabilitation. 7 Program Figure I ANALYSIS OF 1984 HOUSING ELEMENT City of South San Frandsco, California Projected Units Actual Units 1985-90 1985-90 Continued Support for Construction of Market Rate Quality Housing Units for Above Moderate and Moderate Income Households 2. Shared Housing 3. Second Housing Units 1005 - 1100 485 175 131 150 I 4. Density Bonus for Inclusion of Low- and Moderate- Income Units 5. Small Units for One-Person Households in Central Business District 6. Housing Revenue Bonds 7. Higher Density Provisions for Senior Housing 8. Magnolia Center Senior Project 9. Larger Unit Development in Multi-Family Projects 10. Continued Support for Housing Authority's Public Housing Rental Program. 11. Section 8 Housing Support 12. Support Development of an apartment hotel for the elderly 25 0 20 11 Not Quantified (NQ) NQ NQ NQ 90 125 50-55 NQ Continued operation Continued operation of 80 units of 80 units NQ 75 20-40 0 Comments This Element calls for adjust- ments to the second unit ordinance. No applications were sub- mitted. Program was contingent upon interest by a pdvate developer. No application was made. Figure I continued Program Projected Units Actual Units 1985-90 1985-90 Comments 13. Mixed Uses in Commerdal and Office Zoning Districts 14. Manufactured Housing and Mobile Home Parks 15. Removal of Handicapped Barriers 16. Remodeling and Improvement ol Existing Units 17. San Mateo County-Administered Housing Rehabilitation Program 18. Commercial, Multiple Family and Mixed-Use Rehabilitation 19. Concentrated Neighborhood Strategy 20. Forest Homes Mobile Home Park Renovation 20-30 7 NQ NQ NQ NQ 1000 4264 10-12 86 units total for these 8 three programs 75-125 30 21. Airport Noise Insulation 100 162 22. Support of Non-Discrimination in Housing NQ NQ 23. Condominium Conversion Umitation NQ NQ 24. Housing Referral Program NQ NQ 25. Maintenance of Current Housing Records NQ NQ 26. Promotion of Housing Policy NQ NQ Project was contingent upon cooperation of the owner. No agreement with City was reached. II. BACKGROUND ON'HOUSING NEEDS 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A. P~PULATION, EMPLOYMENT, AND HOUSING TRENDS AND NEEDS 1. Population Trends South San Francisco was incorporated in 1908. By 1920, the city had grown to a population of more than 4,000 (see F~gure2). By 1970, the city had a population over 46,000. As shown in Flgure2, the 1940s and 1950s saw the most rapid increases in population. The rate of population growth slowed in the 1960s and 1970s, in- creasing by only six percent in the 1970s. In the 1980s, growth increased slightly to almost 10 percent. 10 11 12 13 14 Figure 2 Historic Population Trends, 1920-1990 City of South San Francisco, California Percent Year Population Increase 15 1920 4,411 ..... 1 6 1930 6,193 40% 1 7 1940 6,290 2% 18 1950 19,351 308% 1 9 1960 39,418 104% 2 0 1970 46,646 18% 2 1 1980 49,393 6% 22 1990 54,312 10% 23 Source: U.S. Census, various years. 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 -- 33 The Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) publishes projec- tions of population, household, and job growth for the Bay Area and its cities and counties. The projections for individual ci- ties include not just the area within the city limits, but also for a "Sphere of Influence" '(SOI) defined by the County's Local Agency Formation Commission (LAFCo). The South San Francisco Sphere of Influence includes a small unincorporated area contain- ing 49 housing units and 152 people. Whenever possible, this Housing Element uses figures for the City and its S0I, to maintain comparability with ABAG projections. 10 Chaptbr II. Background on Housing Needs 1 2 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 The ABAG document is called "Projections 90: Forecasts for the San Francisco Bay Area," (December 1989). (See Appendix D for a brief explanation of ABAG forecasting methodology.) F~§u~3 shows the latest ABAG projections for South San Francisco and its Sphere of Influence (SOI). ABAG predicts that population growth in South San Francisco will not keep pace with San Mateo County during 1990-2005. The city's total population is expected to increase by 3.5 percent during this 15-year period, compared with a 7 percent increase countywide. ABAG expects household sizes to continue their downward trend in South San Francisco and elsewhere, but the city would continue to have a larger household size than either the county or the region as a whole. 13 14 15 16 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Figure 3 Population, Household, and Employment Forecasts, 1990-2005 City of South San Francisco, California 1990 1995 2000 2005 Total Popul~ion Household Population Households Employed Residents Total Jobs Population per Household Jobs per Ho Jsehold Jobs per En'ployed Resident 54,000 54,900 55,800 55,900 53,900 54,800 55,700 55,800 19,230 20,010 20,400 20,680 30,200 31,400 31,600 31,400 41,150 44,970 47,960 48,900 2.79 2.74 2.73 2.70 2.14 2.25 2.35 2.37 1.36 1.48 1.52 1.55 Source: ABAG, Projections 90, 1989. 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 --35 36 ABAG's 2rojections for 1990 population and household population were quite close to the numbers counted by the Census. ABAG, how- ever, overestimated the number of households and underestimated the number of persons per household. Census data indicate that average household size has actually been increasing recently, fol- lowing a long period of decline. (See Figure4.) The much lower figure for number of households (18,568 versus ABAG's 19,230) and the higher number of persons per per household (2.91 versus ABAG's 2.79) may mean that ABAG has overestimated the number of new households, and thus the number of new housing units needed in 11 South San Francisco Housing Element September 1992 South San Francisco by 1995. On the other hand, the higher number of persons per household may be a temporary aberation--a result of families doubling-up in the tight and expensive housing market of the late 1980s. 6 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 ~ 32 ~ 33 Figure 4 Population Characteristics, 1990 City of South San Francisco, California City_ SOl City+SOl Total Population 54,312 152 54,464 649,623 Household Population 53,823 152 53,975 637,628 Households 18,519 49 18,568 241,914 Families 13,726 41 13,767 162,317 Non-Family Households 4,793 8 4,801 79,597 Persons pe~ Household ' 2.91 3.10 2.91 2.64 Source: 1990 U.S. Census 2. Rmp]oyment Project4ons: Between 1990 and 2005, ABAG projects a growth of 7,750 jobs in the South San Francisco Sphere of Influence--an increase of 19 percent over 1990 employment. (Figu~3) At the same time, San Mateo County is expected to gain 75,250 jobs, a 25 percent increase. During the same period, ABAG foresees a smaller increase of 1,450 house- holds in South San Francisco, resulting in a higher jobs-per- household ratio (2.37 in 2005 compared to 2.14 in 1990). This is higher than the ratio predicted by ABAG for San Mateo County (1.38) and for the region as a whole (1.46). Because South San Francisco is expected to strengthen its role as a major employment center, the city will have a higher ratio of local jobs to em- ployed residents (1.55) than it has now (1.36), despite projected increases in the resident population. 3. Rxist~ng and Projected Housing Needs ABAG is responsible for housing needs determinations for the Bay Area. Its most recent calculations are reported in its publica- tion Hcusing Needs Determinations (January 1989). The housing 12 Chapter II. Background on Housing Needs 1 2 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 ....... 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 needs projections are based on the region-wide population, employ- ment, and household forecasts contained in Projections 87, an ear- lier version Projections 90. ABAG determined the projected (1988- 1995) housing need for the Bay region, and distributed a share of the total regional need to each city and county. ~Existing Housing Need" is defined as the number of units that would be needed to raise the vacancy rate in each city to 4.5 per- cent. The vacancy rate in South San Francisco as of January 1, 1988 was 3.58 percent. The 1988 existing need in South San Fran- cisco was 567 housing units. The "Projected Housing Need" for South San Francisco is the City's share of the region's housing need for the years 1988-1990 and 1990-1995. (The 1988-1990 projected need also includes the 1988 existing need.) The ABAG housing needs projections are shown in FigureS. The "Alternative Zoning Projected Need" shown in Figu~5 represents the nummer of additional housing units needed to reduce the imbalance between job growth and labor supply growth in South San Francisco. ABAG's housing needs determinations are generally based on a model which incorporates the following considerations: (1) the number of units needed to achieve an "ideal" vacancy rate of 4.5 percent: (2) growth projections for the city based on the City's existing plans; and (3) a regional goal of providing housing for 50 percent of the anticipated job growth in South San Francisco between 1988 and 1995. This goal was applied to 38 'cities--out of the Bay area's 106--that are experiencing the most rapid job growth. These thirty-eight cities, including south San Francisco, will each add at least 500 more jobs than residents between 1988 and 1995. According to ABAG, the "alternative zon%ng"...~does not mean that, in every single case, ~xisting zoning ordinances must be modified to accommodate the projected need." (ABAG, Housing Needs Determi- nations, pages 22-24.) This component of projected need is meant to be considered, however, as part of the Housing Element. According to City of South San Francisco Building Department records, 299 housing units were added to the city's housing supply in 1988 and 1989. A total of eight housing units were demolished 13 South San Francisco Housing Element September 1992 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 during those two years. An additional 154 units were built in 1990-91, while seven units were demolished. The net increase in the city's housing supply during this period was, therefore, 438 units. This amount subtracted from the the total projected need of 2,814 units leaves a balance of 2,376 units as the remaining unmet need. In order to meet this need, approximately 475 units per year would need to be produced during the five-year planning period (January 1, 1990, to January 1, 1995). 9 10 11 Figure 5 Existing and Projected Housing Needs, 1988-1995 City of South San Francisco, California 12 Total 13 1988-1990 1990-1995 Alternative Projected 14 Existent3 Projected Proiected Zoning Need 15 Need Need Need Need 1988-1995 16 567 1,532 513 769 2,814 SourcE: ABAG, Housing Needs Determinations, January 1989. 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 .31 State law requires that housing needs be determined so that the shelter requirements of all income groups are identified. Accord- ingly, ABAG has prepared estimates of housing needs for the fol- lowing income categories: Very-low income--less than 50 percent of the area median; Low income--50-80 percent of the area median; Moderate income--80-120 percent of the area median. The projected need by income category is shown in Flgu~6. Of the 438 new units built 1988-1991, the City estimates that 11 units were affordable to very-low-income households, 35 to moder- ate-income households, and the remaining 392 units were affordable only to above-moderate-income households. Figum7 shows the remain- ing need by income category after taking into account units al- ready ccnstructed. 14 Chapt'er II. Background on Housing Needs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Figure 6 Projected Housing Need by Income Category City of South San Francisco, California To:al Very Above Projected Low- Low- Moderate- Moderate- Ne~l Income Income Income Income 2,814 535 450 619 1,210 (100%) (19%) (16%) (22%) (43%) Source: ABAG, Housing Needs Determinations, January 1989. 1 1 1 1 ~--1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Figure 7 Remaining Housing Need by Income Category City of South San Francisco, California Income Level ABAG Built Remaining Need, 1988-199~; 1988-91 Need, 1992-1995 Very Low 535 11 524 Low 450 0 450 Moderate 619 35 584 Above Moderate 1.210 392 818 Total 2,814 438 2,376 20 21 Income limbs as of February, 1992 tot a family of four were Very-low: $26,800; Low: $38,000; Moderate: $59,800. T3e median income for San Mateo County was $49,900. 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 B. HCUSING ANDHOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS 1. Ho3~meho]d Composition and Income The 1990 Census defines the term ~household" as the person or per- sons occupying a housing unit. This general category includes families, defined as two or more persons, including the house- holder, who are related by birth, marriage, or adoption and who live together as one household. The family definition includes 15 South San Francisco Housing Element September 1992 1 2 3 4 5 6 both married couples and single-parent families. Despite in- creases in single-parent families and unrelated households, mar- ried couples remain the majority of households in South San Fran- cisco. :igu~8 shows the number and percentage of different types of households. Households that do not meet the definition of "family" are classified as "non-family households." 7 Figure 8 Number of Households by Household Type, 1990 City of South San Francisco, California 10 Percent of 11 Type of Househol~ Number Household~ 12 Total Housetolds 18,568 100.0 1 3 Families 13,767 74.2 14 Married Couple 10,651 57.4 15 Single Male Head 817 4.4 1 6 Single ~'emate Head 2,299 12.4 17 Non-family 925 5.0 ~1 8 Male 539 2.9 1 9 Female 386 2.1 2 0 Single-pe 'son 3,876 20.9 2 1 Male 1543 8.3 2 2 Female 2,333 12.6 23 Source: 19.c0 U.S. Census. 24 Mean household income in South San Francisco (in constant 1988 25 dollars) was $39,181 in 1980, and increased to $43,100 in 1990. 26 ABAG projects that the city's mean household income will continue 27 its upward trend, increasing to $45,200 in 1995, $46,900 in 2000, 28 and $49,600 in 2005. This represents a 15 percent increase be- 29 tween 1~90 and 2005. By comparison, mean household income for San 30 Mateo County as a whole is estimated at $51,700 in 1990, and is 31 projected to increase (also by 15 percent) to $59,500 by 2005. 32 Thus, although the average income for the county overall is higher 33 than that of South San Francisco, average income for both the city 34 and the county are expected to increase at about the same rate __35 (ABAG Projections 90, December 1989, page 215). 16 ChaPter IL Background on Housing Needs 2 3 Figure 9 Population by Age Group, 1970 to 1990 City of South San Francisco, California Age Groups 1970(%) 1980(%) 1990(%) 65+ 5.0 8.3 11.4 55-64 7.6 10.6 9.7 45-54 13.0 12.0 10.5 35-44 13.6 12.0 15.4 25-34 13.2 17.2 18.6 15-24 17.0 19.2 13.7 0-14 30.6 20.8 20.7 12 SoJrce: U.S. Census, 1980, 1990. 13 14 ~ 15 Figure 10 Population by Age Group, 1970 and 1990 City of South San Francisco, California 16 17 55-~ 35-44 25-34 15-24 0.-14 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% Source: U.S. Census 1970 and 1990 ~ 1990 · 1970 I 35% 17 South San Francisco Housing Element September 1992 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 The population of South San Francisco is aging: the proportion of the population over age 65 is increasing, while the proportion of those under 25 is declining. The population between 25 and 64 has remained about the same over the last decade. Housing needs of the elderly are discussed in Section C.2. 2. Ho%s~ng Unit Mix and Household Size A total of 19,081 housing units were counted in the City of South San Francisco during the 1990 U.S. Census, and there were an addi- tional 49 units in the Sphere of Influence, for a total of 19,.130 units (1,086 units more than in 1980). After a sharp decline in the 197Cs, average household size in the 1980s increased from 2.74 to 2.91. A detailed breakdown of occupancy status and household size by type of dwelling unit is provided in Flgures11,12, and13. 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Figure 11 Number, Type of Units, and Household Size, 1980 and 1990 City of South San Francisco, California 1980 City + SOl Total Units 17,995 19,130 Percent Single-family 76% 70% Percent Multi-family 24% 30% Vacant Units 461 562 Percent Vacant 2.56% 2.94% HOL sehold Population* 49,393 53,975 Persons per Occupied Unit 2.74 2.91 * Household population excludes persons in group quarters. SoL rce: 1980 and 1990 U.S. Census 18 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Number of units in structure Single-family detached Single-family attached 2-unit 3- or 4-unit 5 or more Mobile homes Other Total Source: 1990 U.S. Census Chapter II. Background on Housing Needs Figure 12 Housing Occupancy Status 1990 City of South San Francisco, California Occupied Owner- Units % Occ~Loie~l Renter- Occupied 10,743 57.9 8,767 76.8 1,976 27.6 2,264 12.2 1,594 14.0 670 9.4 551 3.0 93 0.8 458 6.4 1,002 5.4 169 1.5 833 11.6 3,347 18.0 264 2.3 3,083 43.1 336 1.8 297 2.6' 39 0.5 325 1.8 226 2.0 99 1.4 18,568 100.0 11,410 61.4 7,158 38.6 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Units in structur{} Figure 13 Number of Persons in Units by Type of Structure City of South San Francisco, California All Units Owner-occupied Total Per Total Per Persons ~ Persons ~ Single-family detached 33,403 3.11 26,203 2.99 Single-family attached 7,448 3.29 5,018 3.15 2-unit 1,597 2.90 244 2.62 3- or 4-unit 2,853 2.85 379 2.24 5 or more 7,389 2.21 614 2.33 Mobile homes 485 1.44 413 1.39 Other 800 2.46 521 2.31 Total 53,823 2.91 33,258 2.93 100% 62% Source: 1990 U.S. Census Renter-occ~tpie~l Total Per Persons Un~ 7,200 3.64 2,430 3.63 1,353 2.95 2,474 2.97 6,775 2.20 72 1.85 20,565 2.88 38% 19 South San ,=rancisco Housing Element September 1992 3. Housing Costs When compared with other San Mateo County cities, South San Fran- cisco has a relatively moderate-priced housing market. The median 4 price of a 900 square foot condominium in South San Francisco in 5 1989 was about $165,000; median condominium prices in other San 6 Mateo County cities range from $185,000 to $275,000. The median 7 cost of a single-family home in South San Francisco ranges from 8 $277,000 (three bedrooms, two baths) to about $408,000 (four bed- 9 rooms, three baths) ("Home Values," Real Estate Section, San Fran- 10 cisco Examiner, December 3, 1989).' 11 12 13 14 15 16 18 19 2O 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 3O 31 32 33 34 35 The Bay Area Council's 1989 survey of housing costs indicated that the median sales price for all homes in San Mateo County was $288,133 in January 1989, higher than the Bay Area average of $205,064 (Bay Area Council, Housing and Development Report, June 1989). Bi-yearly data gathered by the San Francisco Examiner on home val- ues for six Bay Area Counties and their cities shows that the me- dian price of a San Mateo County three-bedroom home ranges from $277,000 (South San Francisco) to $1,050,000 (Atherton). Compared to other San Mateo County cities, South San Francisco housing costs are relatively modest. Even though ownership housing is generally only affordable to those households with above moderate incomes, South San Francisco offers lower cost housing--and with some housing types such as condominiums, the lowest cost housing of all San Mateo County ci- ties. Rental housing is more affordable. Advertised median rents for a two-bedroom apartment in San Mateo County stood at $825 per month in 1989, compared with the Bay Area median of $750 per month (Bay Area Council, Housing and Development Report, December 1989). Ac- cording to local real estate agents, the standard two-bedroom apartment in South San Francisco rented for approximately $675- 750. (Personal communication, Penna Realty, Matteucci & Co. Re- alty, and Kenny Realty, all of South San Francisco, April 17, 1990). 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Chapter II. Background on Housing Needs Figure 14 Median Home Values, 1980, 1989, and 1990 San Francisco Bay Region City of South San Francisco, California Value ($) 980 1989 1990 % increase Alameda 85,300 174,744 105% Contra Costa 94,600 183,142 94% Marin 151,000 273,060 81% Napa 78,200 N/A N/A San Francisco 104,600 286,843 174% San Mateo 124,400 288,133 343,900 176% Santa Clara 109,400 211,235 289,400 164% Solano 67,500 122,115 81% Sonorr a 88,400 151,854 72% South San Francisco 98,400 271,900 176% Bay Area N/A 205,064 257,775 Note: 1989 Figures are based on the sale prices of existing and new homes. Source: 1980 and 1990 data from U.S. Census. 1989 data from Bay Area Council, Housing and Development Report, May 1989. 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 --37 The 1990 Census measured contract rents on all occupied units. These figures tend to be somewhat lower than advertised rents on vacant units, and are not differentiated according to size. The median contract rent for April 1990 was $670, with one-fourth of apartments renting for less than $540 and one-fourth renting for more than $852. Approximately 39 percent of rental units in South San Francisco were affordable to very-low-income households, 87 percent were affordable to low-income, and nearly all were afford- able to moderate-income households. 4. T.eve] of Pa~yment Conlpared with Ahi]~ty to P~y ABAG, in its Housing Needs Determinations report, calculated the number of lower income (less than 80 percent of area median) households paying more than 25 percent of income for rent or home- ownership costs, using 1980 Census data. They found that 36 per- cent of lower income owners and 72 percent of lower income renters 21 South San Francisco Housing Element September 1992 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 were overpaying. 1990 Census data on incomes is not yet avail- able, so the percentages that ABAG found in 1980 have been applied to the 1990 number of households to estimate how many are cur- rently overpaying. Figum15 shows that 923 owner households and 2,565 renter households were overpaying in 1990. A total of 3,488 lower income households were estimated to be overpaying (57 per- cent). 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 .... 17 18 19 20 21 Figure 15 Overpayment: 1980 and 1990 City of South San Francisco, California Household~ 1980 1990 Lower Income 5,763 6,127 Owners 2,412 2,565 Renters 3,351 3,563 Overpaying 3,270 3.488 Owners 871 923 Renters 2,399 2,565 Source: 1980 figures from ABAG, Housing Needs Determinations, 1990 figures calculated from ABAG percentages: Lower Income = 33 percent of total households; 42 percent of lower-income households are owners, 58 percent renters; 36 percent of lower-income owners overpay, 72 percent of lower-income renters overpay. 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 -~ 34 The analysis suggests that overpayment is a more significant prob- lem amor.g lower-income renter households than among lower-income owner households. However, the generally smaller figures for lower-income owner households also reflect the fact that, because of the kigh costs of home ownership, the majority of lower-income households are renters rather than owners. 5. Overcrowding The Census Bureau defines overcrowded conditions as dwelling units housing more than one person per room. Overcrowding is a signifi- cant and increasing problem in South San Francisco: between 1980 and 199C, the proportion of overcrowded units nearly doubled, from 6.7 percent to 12.8 percent. Overcrowding affects more rental households than owner households. While the rate of overcrowding 22 Chapter II. Background on Housing Needs 1 3 was less than 8 percent for owners, it was over 20 percent for renters. 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Overcrowding is also distributed unevenly throughout the city. The three census tracts immediately west of U.S. 101 (6021, 6022, and 6023] have the highest rates, (30.4 percent, 22.3 percent, and 17.7 percent). Overcrowding is lowest in the area between E1 Camino Real and Interstate 280 (tracts 6017, 6018, and 6024). Figure18 shows that the number of larger units exceeds the number of larger households, while the number of small households exceeds the number of small units. If every household could compete ef- fectively in the housing market, there are enough units to accom- modate all households without overcrowding. Overcrowding is pri- marily a problem of distribution caused by households lacking suf- ficient income to bid for units of suitable size. 15 16 17 Figure 16 Overcrowding City of South San Francisco, California 18 Census Occupied Units Owner-Occupied Renter-Occupied 1 9 Tract No. Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 20 6001 10 17.5 4 21.1 6 15.8 21 6016.03 4 10.0 2 6.3 2 25.0 22 6017 101 8.0 72 7.0 29 13.2 23 6018 123 6.4 72 4.6 51 14.3 24 6019 326 11.7 72 4.9 254 19.6 25 6020 181 9.2 117 7.7 64 14.3 2 6 6021 288 30.4 51 18.6 237 35.2 2 7 6022 554 22.3 64 11.6 490 25.3 2 8 6023 176 17.7 75 11.5 101 29.5 2 9 6024 108 4.4 57 3.8 51 5.5 3 0 6025 149 10.8 124 10.1 25 16.3 31 6026 350 15.6 186 12.4 164 22.1 32 6037 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 33 3 4 Total 2,370 12.8 896 7.9 1,474 20.6 35 Source: 1990 U.S. Census. 6027 .6016.03 ", x, · "': 6037 Figure 17 Census Tracts " .:, ~,~.,,]o NORTH City of South San Francisco GRAPHIC SCALE APRIL Iq~lZ Chapter II. Background on Housing Needs 2 3 Figure 18 Size of Units Compared with Size of Households City of South San Francisco, California 4 N Jmber of Number of Number of Number of 5 Rooms Units Persons Households 6 I 679 I 3876 7 2 1375 2 5317 8 3 2740 3 3450 9 4 3304 4 3079 10 5 4115 5 1531 1 1 6 3837 6 700 12 7 or more 3080 7 or more 615 13 Source: 1990 U.S. Census. 14 C. SPECIAL HOUSING NEEDS 15 1. Disabled 16 Census data on the number of disabled are not yet available for 17 1990. The State Department of Rehabilitation estimates that 10.5 18 percent of the population age 16-64 is disabled. While the de- l9 partment does not provide an estimate for the 65-and-over popula- 20 tion, they believe it is higher than for the working age popula- 21 tion. The 1980 Census revealed 15 percent of the population over 22 65 had some disability. Applying the 10.5 percent figure to the 23 16-64 age group and applying 15 percent to the 65-and-over popula- 24 tion gives an estimate for South San Francisco of 4,753 disabled 25 persons. (No estimates are available for disabled children under 26 16.) 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 No information is available on the extent to which South San Fran- cisco's disabled--whether temporarily or permanently disabled--are living in appropriate and adequate housing. Such housing would have adequate space and facilities usable by disabled people, and would be available to them within their financial means. Required features might include emergency buzzers, access ramps, elevators, and specially designed kitchens and bathrooms. The city sponsors South San Francisco Housing Element September 1992 1 2 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 a Housing Accessibility Modification program, which provides funds to install such features in existing housing occupied by disabled persons. With the use of CDBG funds, 44 homes were modified under this program in 1989, 48 in 1990, and 30 in 1991. 2. ~.] der] y The 1990 Census reports that 6,214 persons (about 11.4 percent of South San Francisco's population) were age 65 or over (See Figumg). The number of households with elderly persons was only 4,669, as nearly half of these households have more than one elderly person. Significant numbers of senior citizens live in the downtown area and in the western portion of the city. Policy 24 of the Land Use Element of the General Plan allows se- nior citizen housing projects to be constructed at higher densi- ties, with off-street parking provided at a lower ratio than is otherwise required for residential development. The current Zon- ing Ordinance allows up to 50 units per acre for senior housing projects in multi-family districts. This zoning is designed to encourage the development of senior housing in higher density ar- eas close to shopping and transportation. The City will amend the Zoning Ordinance to offer density bonuses for projects that in- clude units for the elderly and which are affordable to lower-in- come senior citizens. BRIDGE Corporation, with City help, completed the Magnolia Center Senior Project in 1988. This project involved renovation of a former school into a senior citizen center in conjunction with the development of 125 new housing units on adjacent property owned by the City. The Senior Center was renovated using $610,000 of CDBG funds. Partial funding for the housing project was provided with $900,000 of Redevelopment Agency housing set-aside funds. 3. 3~arge Households Large households are defined as those with five or more persons. The 1990 Census reported 2,837 households in this category, about 15.3 percent of all households in South San Francisco. The high- est percentage of large households was located in Census Tract 6025 (27 percent), south of Westborough Boulevard and west of I- 26 Chapter IL Background on Housing Needs 280. Tract 6021 was also above 20 percent. Tracts 6001, 6017, 6023, and 6026 also exceeded the city average of 15.3 percent. 3 Figure 19 4 Number of Households with Five or More Persons 5 City of South San Francisco, California 6 Census Owner Renter 7 Tract All Unit~ Occupiel;I OccuEie~l 8 6001 10 3 7 9 6016 4 2 2 10 6017 203 144 59 11 6018 242 183 59 12 6019 291 136 155 13 6020 276 219 57 14 6021 220 70 150 1 5 6022 397 96 301 1 6 6023 193 103 90 17 6024 179 145 34 18 6025 373 327 46 .---19 6026 445 260 185 2 0 6027 0 0 0 2 1 6037 4 2 2 22 2 3 "oral 2,837 1,690 1,147 24 Source: 1.c90 U.S. Census. 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 37 Some large households may be subject to overcrowding, but areas with high proportions of large families do not correspond com- pletely with the areas with the most overcrowding. Census Tract 6025, with the highest percentage of large families, is below av- erage in overcrowding. (see section B.5, Overcrowding). 4. Single-parent Households Single-parent families with children under 18 made up slightly less than 9 percent of the households in South San Francisco. Of these, 1,255 were headed by females and 367 were headed by males. Families headed by single persons without children (but having some other relative in the household) made up another 8 percent of South San Francisco households. Of these, 1,044 were headed by females and 450 by males. 27 South San Francisco Housing Element September 1992 1 2 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 Female-headed households were concentrated in the Sunshine Gardens area (located west of downtown), and in the Westborough Estates area (located on the west side of Interstate 280, near the south- ern city limits). Special needs of single-parent families include housing that is affordable, safe, and accessible to public transportation, commer- cial centers, child care, and other community facilities. This need is particularly applicable to single mothers, since they, on the average, have more children in their care than single fathers, and also tend to have lower average incomes and lower rates of ve- hicle and home ownership than their male counterparts. 5. Homeles~ Comprehensive data on the number of homeless people in the City of South San Francisco are not available. The 1990 U.S. Census counted 134 homeless persons in the city and 1,538 in San Mateo County, but these numbers are believed to be serious underesti- mates. At the countywide level, it is estimated that the number of komeless has increased from 6,000 people in 1986 to approxi- mately 8,000 people as of January 1990. Applying the same ratio of undercounting to the city would indicate approximately 700 homeless people in South San Francisco. According to the "Shelter Network," which serves those who are homeless or about to become homeless, about two-thirds of the homeless in the county are fami- lies (personal communication, Chris Sutherland, Director, Shelter Network, January 9, 1990), a substantially higher percentage than the national average of one-third. Emergency shelters in the county provide a total of approximately 300 beds during the winter months and 200 beds during the remain- der of the year. Shelters are located in Daly City, Menlo Park, and Redwood City. In addition, the San Mateo Armory is used as a shelter for 120 to 150 people per night during the winter. Except for approximately 270 SRO (single room occupancy) units located pri~.arily in the downtown area, there are no facilities in South San Francisco that can provide emergency, temporary, or transi- tional housing for homeless individuals or families. In addition, there is no facility in South San Francisco such as a mission or soup kitchen, which can provide a hot meal. Chapt. er II. Background on Housing Needs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ~ 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 ~ 37 38 Families and individuals from South San Francisco in need of emer- gency sPLelter are referred to the Daly City shelter, which primar- ily serves homeless from the northern portion of the county. In 1988, the Daly City shelter served 65 families with an average size of 4 persons, of which 20 percent or about 13 families were from South San Francisco. This figure increased to 45 families or approximately 180 persons in 1989. In 1988 and 1989, about 50 percent of the families and persons served at the Daly City shel- ter have been from South San Francisco (personal communication, Chris Sutherland, Director, Shelter Network, January 9, 1990). The North Peninsula Neighborhood Services Center in South San Francisco provides support and referral services to the homeless in the northern portion of the county. Services include counsel- ing, referrals to shelters, vouchers for motels/hotels, and on- site emergency meals. A spokesperson for the Center estimates that 50 to 60 percent of the Center's clientele is from South San Francisco and the majority are families rather than individuals. In the late 1980s, the number of homeless from South San Francisco who came to the Center increased from one to three each week to one to three each day. About half of them are single adults, and the re~.aining half are families (personal communication, Susan Platte, Supervisor, North Peninsula Neighborhood Services Center, January 11, 1990). The three main problems addressed by the North Peninsula center are: 1) homelessness or impending homelessness; 2) immediate hunger, particularly affecting women with children; and 3) threat of utilities shut-off. As redevelopment funds become available, the City intends to pro- vide funding to qualified agencies, such as the North Peninsula Neighborhood Services Center, whose operations involve housing services such as emergency rent funds which could assist eligible persons to avoid eviction, and possibly homelessness, or to rent an apartment. 6. ~{rmworker~ Farmworkers accounted for only about one percent of the employed persons living in South San Francisco in 1980. This group can be accommodated through the existing housing delivery system and througk the proposed programs for housing low- and moderate-income South San Francisco Housing Element September 1992 1 2 households. ABAG concluded that the need for additional housing for farmworkers is not demonstrable in the region (ABAG, Housing Needs Determinations, San Francisco Bay Region, January 1989). In calculating the regional and local housing needs, ABAG concluded that no net increase in seasonal or migrant farmworker housing was required. 30 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 III. HOUSING DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL AND CONSTRAINTS EXISTING HOUSING STOCK 1. N~mber and Types of Unit~ The 1990 U.S. Census counted 19,130 housing units in South San Francisco and its Sphere of Influence. The median age of these residential structures as of 1991 was slightly over 30 years. There has historically been an irregular rate of housing construc- tion, with the most rapid growth occurring in the 1950s when nearly one-third of the housing supply in South San Francisco was built (see Figu~20). Approximately 56 percent of all units were constructed prio~ to 1960. 11 12 13 30% 20% Figure 20 Housing Units by Date of Construction City o! South San Francisco, California 15% 32% 16% 22% 14 15 16 10% 0% Source: 6% Before 1940- 1950- 1960- 1970- 1980- 1940 49 59 69 79 89 Estimated from 1980 and 1990 U.S. Census and South San Francisco Building Division Records. 31 South San ,'--rancisco Housing Element September 1992 1 2 3 4 5 6 According to City Building Department records, 1,183 dwelling units, 6 percent of the total, were constructed between 1980 and 1989. Another 156 units were built in 1990 and 1991. Demolitions continue at a moderate pace: 44 units were demolished from 1980 to 1989 and seven units in 1990 and 1991. Flgu~21 shows additions to the housing stock since 1980. 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 --17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26' 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 Figure 21 Number of New Housing Units Added, by Year and Type City of South San Francisco, California Duplex/ Single- Townhome/ Second Multi- Year Eaz]3~ Condo ~ E. aJ33J~ Total 1980 99 91 I 24a 215 1981 75 -- I 42b 118 1982 6 -- - 5a 11 1983 31 40 I 138c 210 1984 I 54 - 4 59 1985 2 2 2 - 6 1986 31 -- 2 10 43 1987 30 - 2 190d 222 1988 116 24 2 11 153 1989 107 24 4 11 146 1990 8 34 5 12 59 1991 10 80 _.~ 4 97 TOTAL 516 349 23 451 1,339 Notes: a All units are condominiums. b 37 units are condominiums. c 132 units are condominiums. d 16 units are condominiums. Note: These figures are not adjusted for demolitions; a total of 51 units were demolished between 1980 and 1991. Source: Economic & Community Development Department, Building Division, City of South San Francisco. --37 38 The existing housing stock in South San Francisco is predominantly (over 70 percent) single-family dwellings. Apartment buildings Chapter. IlL Housing Potential and Constraints 1 2 with three to 49 units account for 20 percent of housing units, while 3 percent of units are found in buildings with more than 50 units. The remainder of the housing stock is made up of duplexes, mobile homes, and houseboats. (See F~gure22.) 5 Figure 22 Percentage of Units by Type of Structure City of South San Francisco, California 2% 2% 3% 5% 15% 3% 7 0% · Single Family [] Duplex [] 3 or 4 Units [] 5 to 49 Units ~ 50 or more Units [] Mobile Homes I=lOther 8 9 Source: 1990 U.S. Census 10 11 12 13 14 15 ~" 16 One type of housing found in South San Francisco that is uncommon in the rest of San Mateo County is the Single Room Occupancy (SRO) Hotel. SROs generally do not have either kitchens or bathrooms within individual units. They serve as residences primarily for low- and very low-income single people. This type of housing unit is found primarily in the d~wn~own area. Figure23 shows the number of SRO rooms in South San Francisco. 33 South San Francisco Housing Element September 1992 I Figure 23 2 3 SRO Hotels In South San Francisco City of South San Francisco, California 4 Nam~ Location No. of Rooms 5 Alphonso's 106 Grand Ave. 16 6 3 Amigos 206 Grand Ave. 8 7 Sundial 222 Grand Ave. 11 8 West Hotel 228 Grand Ave, 21 9 Topper 249 Grand Ave. 1 l 0 Welte's 254 Grand Ave. 14 1 1 --- 317 Grand Ave. 10 12 Silver Dollar 322 Grand Ave. 16 1 3 --- 350 Grand Ave. 3 14 Ladle Club 309 Airport Blvd. 16 3. 5 Grand Hotel 731 Airport Blvd. 16 1 6 Metropolitan Hotel 220 Linden Ave. 68 17 S&L Hotel 400 Miller Ave. 23 18 Industrial Hotel 505 Cypress Ave. 49 19 2 0 Total 272 21 Source: South San Francisco Police Department Survey 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 2. Condition of the Housing Stock A windshield survey of housing conditions was conducted in May 1990. The following rating system was used in the survey: Good: structures needing no repairs or only cosmetic repairs, e.g., paint; Fair: structures requiring some minor structural repairs--visible cracks, minor roof problems, etc.; Poor: structures needing major repairs--dilapidated/substandard housing. Overall, South San Francisco's residential structures are in good condition. Of the 1,862 structures surveyed, 87.3 percent were found to be in good condition, 10.7 percent in fair condition, and 2 percent in poor condition. Applying these percentages to the city as a whole, approximately 2,000 units need minor structural 34 Chapter III. Housing Potential and Constraints 1 2 repairs, and 380 units need either major repairs or replacement. (The low rate of demolitions, averaging five per year, indicates that relatively few units need to be replaced.) F~gure24 shows a percentage breakdown of structural conditions by neighborhood. 5 Figure 24 6 7 Housing Conditions by Neighborhood City of South San Francisco, California 8 Structures Condition 9 Neighborhocl;;l* Surveyed Good Fair Poor 10 Avalon/Bren-wood 198 95.5% 4.5% 0.0% 11 Buri-Buri/Serra Highlands 193 93.0% 7.0% 0.0% 12 Grand Avenue Area 103 88.4% 11.6% 4.8% 1 3 Irish Town 277 73.3% 26.7% 10.1% 14 Mayfair Village/Francisco Terrace 119 82.4% 17.6% 0.0% 3. 5 Paradise Va ley 166 88.6% 10.8% 0.6% 16 Parkway 119 98.3% 1.7% 0.0% 3.7 Peck's Lots 77 83.1% 13.0% 3.9% '1 8 Southwood 78 93.6% 6.4% 0.0% 3. 9 Sunshine Gardens 136 91.2% 8.8% 0.0% 20 Town of Bacen 85 84.7% 14.1% 1.2% 21 Westboroug'l 155 95.5% 4.5% 0.0% 2 2 Winston Manor 156 ~3.6% 6.4% 0.0% 2 3 TOTAL 1,862 87.3% 10.7% 2.0% 24 25 Source: Windshield Survey, May 1990 * Neighborhood locations are illustrated in Figure 25. 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 --36 37 Irish Town, located north of the downtown commercial area (see Figure 25, Residential Neighborhoods) has by far the greatest percentage of structures in need of rehabilitation. This is the Downtown Target Area, where Community Development Block Grant funds are concentrated for rental and single-family rehabilitation. (See Appendix A and Chapter IV., Action lA-1.) In five other neighborhoods, over 10 percent of the structures were in fair to poor condition: Grand Avenue, Paradise Valley, Mayfair Village/Francisco Terrace, Town of Baden, and Peck's Lots. Action program lA-1 targets these areas to arrest further decline by promoting housing rehabilitation, nuisance abatement, and capital improvements. 35 Winston Manor Sunxhine Garden~ Paradixe Valley Parkway Y "",~ ., , " , ..::? · . ' ... .\/A, B ' · '" ":'"'~' -' ........ :' ..... : . ' ' , un BunlSerra Highland~ "'< '~ · - · ~,,. __.? .... ..: : ..- . .... ' ~,'~ .~:...:'::--- .: ':,. Town of ';'"', ',' K F ~':.,Bad~.n ."' ",',,.,,, ..~.. ., .... \, ~ \ ,.', · . ,.-:~ .... ~ ............. ~.,~ ..... >x ',".. \, .2 /' '. ..... '- "--" -':-: ....... ~ ->,~--:4. ", \' F ~ Southw ' ":', "':: ...... :'"" " .:. -',,.'.\ [ \a~ n ooa ,: <: .... - .... · .. ,~,.~., \', / .. Mayfatr Village/..... . :: ".' ',. ~ ~;.,-,.:":.'~"' \. ." Francisco Terrace,::' · , :_ ...,O.X// ¢:...-':' \ ',...:-. ....:.-. '": We~tborough I:: ,.,'-., ',- :--,h, "' / "....:. /" \, ,, ,,~..:,>-:..',. ~.,>xx .- ', '...,-~t' ....... .: ' ' ...x. ~'x,--'X ./'. //X Irish Figure 25 of Residential Neighborhoods South Sari Francisco GRAPHIC SCALE APRIl. Chapter III. Housing Potential and Constraints 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 B. RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL 1. Availability of Sites Land is available to build up to 3,000 new dwelling units in South San Francisco. Significant sites (i.e., those one acre in size or largerl suitable for residential development have been identified and are shown in Figure 26. Approximately 342 acres of land are suitable for development and could accommodate 2,780 dwelling units. The estimates of potential units in Figure 26 do not take into account the possibility of density bonuses for low- and me- dian-income or senior citizen housing. Potentially, all sites lo- cated in R-3, C-l, and P-C zones could take advantage of density bonuses. As there are a total of 27.5 vacant acres in these zones, and density in these zones is typically 30 units per acre, a 25 percent density bonus means an additional 206 units of housing could be built, for a maximum of 2,986. The City has considered the use of under-utilized industrial sites for housing, but has determined that only one such site is suit- able--~he Guy F. Atkinson property at the southwest corner of Railroad and Magnolia Avenues (Site #24 on Flgu~26). The majority of Soush San Francisco's industrial land is east of the 101 free- way, and most of this property is not suitable for residential de- velopment because it is near the International Airport and other active industrial uses. Estimates are not available for the vacant acreage specifically suited for development of manufactured housing, mobile home parks, emergency shelters, and transitional housing. However, in accor- dance with State law, the City's Zoning Ordinance permits manufactured homes to be used as dwelling units in any single- family area. Mobile home parks are permitted in R-I, R-2, R-3, C- 1, and P-C Zoning districts. Under the City's zoning provisions, emergency shelters are classi- fied as lodging services and are conditionally permitted in any commercial zone. Transitional housing is classified as a group residential use and is conditionally permitted in the R-3 Multi- family zone, in all commercial zones, and in the P-I Planned Industrial zone. These zones comprise substantial portions of the city. 37 Land Suitable for Property Location and Description Figure 26 Residential Development, Sites of une City of South San Frandsco, Oalifomia Potential Number of Approx. Zoning Acre~g~t 0esignation Acre or Larger Vacant (V) or Redevelopable I South side of Hillside Blvd. between 30a 5.6 R-1-E V Chestnut and Dolores 2 Sunset & Stonegate 33 4.2 R-1-E V 3 El Camino High School panhandle 17a 2.9 R-1-E V near Hillside Blvd. 4 Southwest comer of Orange and 11 1.4 R-1-E mostly V Commercial Aves. 5 Easterly side of Mission Rd., 12 1.5 R-1-E mostly V between Evergreen Dr. and Sequoia Ave. 6 Surplus Alta Loma Jr. High School 54 8.0 R-1-E V property--near Del Monte and Romney Aves. 7 North side of San Bruno city limits 80 10.3 R-1-E V between Westborough Blvd. and Oakmont Dr. SUBTOTAL (R-1-E Zone) 237 33.9 8 East side of Oak Ave.at Grand Ave. 38 2.5 R-2-H mostly V 9 Southwest side of Appian Way to 81b 7.6 R-2-H V Gellert Blvd. Property Owner~ Standard Building Co. Crosarial Standard Building Co. H. Ma~ega~ Cuneo and Carrera South San Frandsco Unified School District American Land Exchange Oak Farm Ltd. G.P. St. Francis Hts., Westborough Development Co. Property Location and Desc~tion 10 Unincorporated ama on El Camino near Hickey Blvd. 11 Stonegate & Hillside SUBTOTAL (R-2-H Zone) 12 Southwest comer of Grand and Oak Avenues 13 Northwest comer of Chestnut Ave. and Mission Rd. 14 Carter Park I and 2; east of Skyline Blvd., west of Carter Dr. 15 Westerly side of Oak Ave. near Mission Rd. SUBTOTAL (R-3-L Zone) 16 West side of Chestnut Ave. between Treeside Ct. and Sunset 17 Norlheast side of El Camino Real, north of Kaiser Hospital. 18 19 Westerly side of Mission Rd., south of Colma city limits. Sierra Point - East side of U.S. 101, south of Brisbane dry limits. 20 Comerof Noor and El Camino SUBTOTAL (P-C-L Zone) Potential Number of 354 22 495 33 30 135a 30 228 120 330 45 300 55 730 Approx. Acreage 31.2 1.5 42.8 1.1 1.0 16.3 1.0 19.4 12.2 11.0 1.5 10.0 1.9 24.4 Zoning Designation Prezoned R-2-H R-2-H R-3-L R-3-L R-3-L R-3-L R-2-G P-C-L P-C-L P-C-L P-C-L Vacant (V) or Redevelopable R V V V V V mostly V mostly V V V V Property Owner~ R.I. McClellan Augtines County of San Mateo California Water Co. M. Callan Santo Cristo Society M. Gemignani, C.P. Nicolini, and P. Rugged L. McClellan, PG&E, Caland Partnership, Schlosser Properties, and Harmonious Cuneo and Carrera Sierra Point Assocs. Syufi Property Location and Description 21 Sign Hill 22 South slope of San Bruno Mountain. 23 Potential Vacant (V) or Number of Approx. Zoning Redevelopable Units Acreage 0esignation ~ Prol;)erty Owner~ DeVincenzi & Bill Terrabay T. Callan G.F. Atkinson Co. 24 West side of Gellert Blvd. between Westborough Blvd. and Daly City limit line. Southwest corner of Railroad and Magnolia Aves. 45 45.0 O-S-A V 719c 144.1 Terrabay Specific V Plan 126a 8.4 C-1 V 80 11.5 P-I mostly V TOTALS: 2,780 341.7 NOTE: All pamels listed in this figure could be adequately served by existing public facilities and services; development of these parcels would require on-site connections to existing infrastructure systems (i.e, roads, sewer lines and water supply facilities). a Under construction as of 2/20/92. b 46 units under construction as of 2/20/92. c Density may vary due to geotechnical conditions. Source: Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division, City of South San Francisco, Mamh 1990. Figure 27 '" "" '~ Sites Available for Residential Development South San City of Francisco GRAPHIC SCALE APRIL 1997. South San Francisco Housing Element September 1992 1 2 3 4 5 6 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 --18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 .... 36 The land inventory clearly indicates that sufficient land is available to enable the city to meet its remaining "fair share" housing need (2,376 units by 1995). About 2,780 dwelling units (up to 2,986 with density bonuses) could be constructed on the available sites identified in this Element (see Figure26). This total (2,986) exceeds ABAG's projected need by 610 units. The city currently has limited land zoned for higher densities to meet the need for housing affordable to low- and very-low-income households. There are 27.5 acres in the city's highest density zoning categories. This land would provide 823 units. If all developnent on these parcels takes advantage of the City's density bonus provisions, an additional 206 units can be built, for a total of 1,029. By comparison, the 1995 ~remaining need" is for 974 units--524 very low income and 450 low income. Since not all developers will take advantage of density bonus pro- visions, the City recognizes the need for additional land zoned at sufficiently high densities to accommodate low- and very low- income housing. The City is currently investigating possible higher densities for sites near the proposed BART station. This would include sites 10 and 17 on Fl~ures26and27. One additional site near the BART station that is currently occupied by a warehouse may be rezoned for residential use. Rezoning of these sites will provide 450-900 additional housing units potentially affordable to iow- and very Iow-income households. (See Action 2B-4) The sites and acreage discussed in Flgu~26 represent only those sites larger than one acre that are available without substantial redevelopment or major rezoning. Small infill sites (less than one acre in size) could provide additional housing. 2. Ho~sing Development Projections, 1990-1995 Figure28 provides a breakdown of potential housing opportunities by type of unit and affordability, assuming construction takes place in the private (unsubsidized) housing market. According to Census data, about 70 percent of South San Francisco housing units are single-family, while the remaining 30 percent are multi-family. FIGure28 shows that, given the location and nature of the potential 42 Chapter III. Housing Potential and Constraints 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 housing sites, a higher percentage of new units will be either multi-family or townhome/condominium units than in the pass. Although it appears likely that condominium or multi-family units will constitute a larger proportion of future units, it is expected that 83 percent will be affordable only to above moderate-income households. Land is available to build 2,986 housing units in five years (Figures24 and 26), an average of about 597 units per year. This is substantially higher than the average number of housing units constructed annually during the 1970s and 1980s (375 and 105 units per year, respectively). The City realistically expects the priva%e housing market to produce only 150 to 280 units per year during the five-year planning period (1990-95), which would yield 750 to 1,400 new units. Reasons for the low production rate (the economy, the state of the housing industry, and mortgage lending rates) are discussed under Non-governmental Constraints later in this chapter. 3. public Facilities and Services Public facilities and services are available for future residen- tial development on the sites listed in Figu~26. These facilities and services include water, sewer, drainage facilities, schools, parks, and fire and police protection. In the Terrabay area, increased service demands have been met through construction of a new fire station and improvements to adjacent schools. Water supply may become a constraining factor under continued drought condisions, although water is not a constraint as of 1992. Should drought continue, the City would take any necessary steps to control future development. 43 South San --rancisco Housing Element September 1992 1 2 3 4 5 Site 6 No. Units 7 I 30 8 2 33 9 3 17 10 4 11 11 5 12 12 6 54 13 7 80 14 8 38 15 9 81 1 6 10 354 17 11 22 18 12 33 19 13 30 20 14 135 ..... 21 15 30 22 16 120 23 17 330 2 4 18 45 25 19 300 2 6 20 55 27 21 45 2 8 22 719 2 9 23 126 3 0 24 80 31 3 2 TOTALS 2,780 3 3 Percent of 3 4 Totals 100% 35 Additional Units from Density 3 6 Bonuses 206 37 Source: 38 Figure 28 Housing Potential by Type and Affordabllity City of South San Francisco, California AFFORDABILITY HOUSING TYPF: Very Above SF Condo M-F Low Low Mod Mod 3O 30 33 33 17 17 11 11 12 12 80 80 38 15 23 81 81 354 354 22 22 33 13 20 30 12 18 135 135 30 12 18 120 120 330 132 198 45 18 27 300 18 12 15 255 55 55 45 45 125 594 719 126 88 38 80 8O 568 1,225 987 18 12 305 2,445 20% 44% 36% 1% <1% 11% 88% -- -- 206 0 165 -- Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division, City of South San Francisco, 1992. 41 44 Chapter III. Housing Potential and Constraints 1 C. 2 1. ,AVAILABILITY OF ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS ,Housing Programs 3 South San Francisco has only modest financial resources and staff 4 to support housing assistance programs. Recent reductions in 5 funding for federal and State assistance programs act to constrain 6 the provision of housing for families of modest incomes. 7 Nevercheless, the South San Francisco Housing Authority continues 8 to manage and rent 80 units of public housing for low-income 9 tenants. While the number of units of public housing is unlikely 10 to be increased under current federal policies, the City will 11 assisc the Housing Authority in maintaining the existing number of 12 units. In addition, the South San Francisco Redevelopment Agency 13 has available the 20 percent housing set-aside funds to assist 14 housing programs. (See Action Programs under Policy 2D in Chapter 15 IV.) 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 The City continues to support San Mateo County's Section 8 Rental Voucher program, which is funded through HUD. This program allows families to rent market-rate housing while only spending 30 per- cent of their income for housing. The rental voucher makes up the difference between 30 percent of income and the market rent. Un- der this program, there are 276 housing units under lease. The City plans to put an additional 66 units under Section 8 lease over the next five years. 2. At-risk Un~ts In tke 1960s and 1970s, the Federal government provided both low interest loans and rent subsidies to private developers of multi- family rental housing. In return, developers were required to build and operate their rental projects under 40-year agreements whick established a schedule of below-market rents for lower in- come households. However, developers were also given the option to terminate their agreements after 20 years. As these apartment building owners exercise their 20-year options, units generally are converted to market rent. The potential impact of conversion on the state's affordable hous- ing stock is significant. From 1990-2005, 117,000 rental units in California could convert to market rate. 45 South San Francisco Housing Element September 1992 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 The Housing Element is required to identify the number of units at risk of conversion to market rate by 1995 and by 2000, and to in- clude programs to mitigate or preclude the loss of any "at risk" units between 1990-1995. Consultations with the South San Francisco Housing Authority and the San Mateo County Housing and Community Development Department indicate that there are no locally funded units at-risk. Three federally subsidized housing projects in South San Francisco have been identified to be at-risk of conversion to market rate. (California Coalition for Rural Housing'Project, Inventory of Fed- erally Subsidized Low-Income Rental Units at Risk of Conversion, March 1990.) These projects are: a. Fairw~2f Apartments, 77 Westborough Ro~]ev~rd. This project contains 74 housekeeping units for the elderly, all assisted under Section 8 contract. The project was originally provided with a 40-year HUD loan of $2,775,100 at 8 percent interest for new con- struction. The owner of the project is entitled to terminate the Section 8 contract on October 14, 1995. If the owner does not opt out of the contract, he or she may renew it for five additional years. If the owner wishes to terminate the contract, he must notify HUD and the City by October, 1994. 22 b. Skyline View Gardens, 3880 Callan Boulevard. This project 23 contains a total of 160 units, 78 of which are assisted under Sec- 24 tion 8 contract and available to families. The project was origi- 25 nally provided with a $2,823,700 HUD loan. The project owner may 26 prepay the loan (thereby canceling the low-income use restric- 27 tions] by March 15, 1994, or may stay in the Section 236 program 28 for an additional 20 years. The owner is entitled to terminate 29 the Section 8 contract on September 20, 1996. 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 Skyline View Gardens is subject to the provisions of The Low In- come Housing Preservation and Resident Homeownership Act of 1990 (LIHPRHA). If the owner intends to cancel the low-income occu- pancy restrictions, he must file a plan of action with the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). Tenants and non-profit housing corporations are provided with a six-month pri- ority period for purchase of the at-risk units. The federal gov- 46 Chapter IIL Housing Potential and Constraints 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 --19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 ....... 37 38 ernment will provide loans for up to 95 percent of the purchase price. If the owners of Skyline View Gardens want to terminate the low- income occupancy restrictions at the March 1994 eligibility date, they must notify HUD and the City at least one year in advance. (In a telephone conversation on March 18, 1992, Mr. Bob Hirsch of Goldrich & Kest, the owners of Skyline View Gardens, indicated that the company intends to ~continue the low income occupancy restricsions for the long term." Goldrich & Kest renewed their Section 8 contract for .this project in September 1991 for an additional five years.) The City will monitor this project to ensure uhat full advantage is taken of the LIHPRHA incentives to preserve low-income housing. c. Ro~ary Plaza. 433 Alida Way. This project has a total of 181 housekeeping units for the elderly, 116 of which are subject to three Section 8 contracts (of 30, 36, and 50 units each). The project's original loan was $3,251,400 from HUD. The 50-unit Sec- tion 8 contract expires on July 31, 1992; the 36-unit contract ex- pires on September 24, 1992, with the option of one five-year re- newal; and the 30-unit contract expires on August 17, 1993, with the option of renewal in five-year intervals for a total of 10 ad- ditional years. Rotary Plaza is owned by a non-profit housing corporation and, ac- cording to HCD, the City can assume that these Section 8 contracts will be renewed if federal funds are available for the program. (Phone conversation with Linda Wheaton, March 9, 1992.) In the past, Section 8 funding has been provided to renew all expiring contracts. Funding is currently authorized through 1996, so re- newal of these contracts in 1992 and 1993 will not be restricted by the availability of funds. There is some possibility that when these contracts come up for renewal again in 1997 and 1998, funds will no~ be adequate to renew all contracts. The City will moni- tor the situation to ensure that these units will be preserved for low-income housing. In summary, none of the units at risk in South San Francisco are likely to be converted in the five-year planning period of this Housing Element, although all 268 units will be at-risk sometime in the next 10 years. Of these, 116 elderly units are in the non- 47 South San Francisco Housing Element September 1992 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 profit Rotary Plaza development, and the City assumes that these units will be preserved for low income housing by the owners. Seventy-eight family units in Skyline View Gardens are eligible for conversion in 1994, but provisions of federal law will enable the City, in conjunction with non-profit organizations, to pre- serve tkese units. As indicated on the preceding page, the owners of this project intend to continue low-income occupancy. Seventy-four elderly units at Fairway Apartments have Section 8 contracts expiring in 1995. This project is not covered under LIHPRA, so if the owner decides to terminate the contract, the City will need alternative funding to preserve these units. Pos- sible sources of funds include Community Development Block Grants and the Redevelopment 20 percent housing set-aside fund. The 1992 cost to replace the Fairway Apartment units is about $121,000 per unit. The total cost to replace the 190 apartments at-risk would be $23,000,000. Based on 1992 rents in South San Francisco, the cost of preserving these units would be slightly over $5,000,000 or about $68,000 per unit.1 The 1992 replacement cost for family housing would be about $160,000 per unit. Total replacement cost for 78 units at Skyline View Gardens would be $12,500,000. The cost of preserving (rather than replacing) these units would be about $7,000,000 or $90,000 per unit.1 The calculation of preservation cost assumes that the units would continue as rental housing. Conversion to condo- miniums is unlikely, given the city's strict condominium con- version ordinance. D. GOVERNMENT CONSTRAINTS 1. General Plan Land U~e Controls The City updated the General Plan Land Use, Circulation, and Transportation Element in 1984. According to the General Plan, 1Replacement costs are based on construction and land cost data in Chapter III, Sections D and E. Preservation costs are calculated based on average rents for similar units and a Gross Rent Multiplier of 10, as outlined in California Housing Partnership Corporation, "Preservation of Affordable Housing Units in the City of Fremont," November 19, 1991. 48 Chapter III. Housing Potential and Constraints 1 2 3 4 the primary environmental constraints to residential land use in the city are geotechnical constraints (including flooding), biotic resource conflicts, noise level incompatibility, and land use con- flicts. 5 Figure 29 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 --17 18 19 Low-income Units at Risk of Conversion Earliest Date of Number Subsidy Subsidy Termination Pm!ect Addres~ of Units Program Section B Other Fairway Ap&rtments 77 Westborough 74 221 (D)(4) 1995 ..1 Skyline View Gardens 3880 Callan 78 236(J)(1) 1996 19942 Rotary Plaza 433 Alida Way 116 236(J)(L)/202 1992 20123 Source: Ca ifornia Coalition for Rural Housing, Inventory of Low-Income Rental Units Subject to Termina- tion of Federal Mortgage and/or Rent Subsidies, March 1990. 1 Market-rate loan program with no pre-payment eligibility. 2 Section 236. 3 Sections 236 and 202. 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 35 The Land Use Element precludes intensive uses, such as housing, in locations subject to natural hazards such as seismically-induced ground-shaking and/or surface rupture, liquefaction, tsunami inun- dation, and flooding. Similar constraints are placed on biological refuges for rare and endangered species. Governmental regulatory constraints are also properly imposed in an effort to separate land uses that are incompatible due to noise impacts. a. Geotechnical Constraints: Seismic Hazards. Three fault traces are mapped through the City of South San Francisco. The San Andreas Fault, which passes through the Westborough area, is considered active. This fault was the source of earthquakes accompanied by sur- face faulting in 1838 and 1906. The San Bruno Fault, which runs generally east of and parallel to E1 Camino Real, and the Hillside Fault, which generally follows the base of San Bruno Mountain, are considered inactive. 49 South Sa/~ Francisco Housing Element September 1992 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 3O 31 32 33 34 35 __ 36 The San Francisco Bay Area has experienced considerable seis- mic activity in the past. Events registering in excess of 6.( on the Richter Scale occurred in 1836, 1838, 1868, 1906, 19].1, and 1989. The City of South San Francisco is located in an area of potential "violent" to ~strong" ground shaking from a major earthquake on the San Andreas Fault. Continued periodic seismic activity, including the potential for ground shaking with a Richter Scale magnitude of 5.0 or greater, ap- pears likely. Seismic-related hazards which might be ex- pected to accompany a strong earthquake include surface rup- ture, ground shaking, liquefaction, and tsunami inundations. Surface rupture may be expected along the San Andreas Fault zone in the Westborough area. Several buildings within the rift zone have already been adversely affected by movements along the fault trace. Areas underlain with Bay mud and associated sand lenses may experience liquefaction due to. sheer wave amplification within the poorly consolidated sediments. Much of this area is planned for and developed with industrial uses. Local liquefaction may also occur along Colma Creek. Subsidence may also result from strong ground shaking due to possible consolidation of existing fills which would result in damage to foundations and possible failure of structures with weak pinning to foundations. Tsunami inundation can oc- cur on the flatter areas of Bay mud. The areas most severely affected would be those with elevations of five feet or less, including the oil storage tanks and Oyster Point Marina. · Flooding. Flooding, in the event of a 100-year storm, would inundate the area adjacent to Colma Creek and spread out through the industrial area from Point San Bruno to the city limits to the south. · Expansive Soils. ExpanSive soils can be anticipated locally within the Merced Formation and on the lower slopes of San Bruno Mountain, where colluvial deposits are known to exist. Tkese areas may present foundation problems for existing structures. 5O Chapte. r I!1. Housing Potential and Constraints 1 2 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 be · Lands]ides. Some areas of unstable slopes can be anticipated on the steeper lands in South San Francisco. Remedial stabi- lization work or avoiding development on unstable areas may be required to alleviate future landslide problems. Biotic Resource Conflicts: · The South Slope of San Bruno Mountain. San Bruno Mountain, the south slope of which is located in South San Francisco, has been found to be a biological refuge for a number of rare and endangered species. The south slope was investigated as part of a biological study conducted in 1980 by Thomas Reid and Associates for San Mateo County. As a result of this in- vestigation, 153 acres of the 322-acre Terrabay project area will be set aside for a permanent butterfly habitat. · South Smn Francisco's Shoreline. The majority of South San Francisco's bayfront property today supports urban develop- ment. In a two-volume publication on San Francisco Bay's Wildlife Habitat prepared for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the California Department of Fish and Game, South San Francisco's shoreline is classified as "Modified Wetland" with the major undeveloped portion identified as "New Filled or Reclaimed Land.# South San Francisco's shoreline was classified in the Wildlife Study as "potentially restorable wildlife habitat," but is not considered as valuable and desirable for restora- ;ion as land in the ~historic marsh" classification category. Some remnant wetland sites within the city limits probably support a variety of biota. They are classified in the pre- viously cited San Francisco Bay Wildlife Habitat report as: 1) mud flats, 2) salt marsh, and 3) diked salt marsh. c. Noise Level Incompatibility: The ~.ajor mobile noise source affecting South San Francisco is aircraft from San Francisco International Airport, located immedi- ately south of the city. Air traffic above the city follows three identified departure paths and contributes the highest aircraft- related noise levels to the local environment. Takeoffs which im- pose the most intense noise levels on the widest residential areas 51 South San Francisco Housing Element September 1992 1 2 are those from Runways 28-Right and 28-Left proceeding northwest- ward through the San Bruno Gap. Detailed discussions of aviation noise are contained in the City's Noise Element. 4 5 6 7 8 9 The City has a program to provide financial assistance to homeown- ers to insulate their homes and bring them up to State indoor noise standards. As of February 1992, about 272 homes and two schools have been insulated under the direction of the City Public Works Department, Engineering Division. (See Chapter IV, Action 5D-l, for further discussion.) 10 Other major local sources of noise in the city are highways, 11 streets, and railroads. Two major freeways, U.S. 101 and Inter- 12 state Route 280, pass through South San Francisco. U.S. 101 runs 13 along 5he eastern portion of the city, dividing the predominantly 14 industrial Bayside Area from the remaining districts. Interstate 15 280 is located in the western part of the city and passes near 16 residential districts in the San Bruno Gap and southward. State 17 Route 82, (El Camino Real) runs northwest to southeast through the 18 center of South San Francisco. State Route 35, Skyline Boulevard, 19 forms ~he western boundary of the city. The location of all free- 20 way and highway corridors is shown on the Circulation Plan Diagram 21 contained in the Circulation Element. 22 23 24 25 Other heavily traveled city streets are also identified in the Circulation Element. Current and projected traffic counts are quantified and illustrated in Exhibits 1 and 2 of the Circulation Element. 26 27 28 29 3O 31 32 33 34 The full length of the eastern part of the City of South San Fran- cisco is traversed by the main line of the Southern Pacific Trans- portation Company. This rail line runs approximately parallel to the Bayshore Freeway (U.S. 101), and supports both heavy long-dis- tance freight transport and commuter passenger service for the Peninsula Area. In December, 1991, this line was purchased by the Peninsula Corridor Joint Powers Board. Future commuter rail ser- vice will be managed by the San Mateo County Transit District (SAMTRANS). Chapter. II1. Housing Potential and Constraints 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 d. Land Use Conflicts: The City's General Plan has sought to avoid conflicts that arise from the juxtaposition of incompatible land uses. As a result, existir.g land use patterns in South San Francisco are a constraint to residential development in some portions of the city. Land use patterns in South San Francisco evolved from the original town layout along Grand Avenue west of the Southern Pacific Rail- road tracks. This central area contains a mixture of older and newer buildings with substantial commercial development along Grand and Linden Avenues. The downtown contains some mixed resi- dential and office uses in addition to the predominantly retail commercial uses. The downtown is surrounded by an older residen- tial community with a mix of single-family houses and higher den- sity apartments and condominiums. In the Chestnut/Westborough/E1 Camino Real area, highway commer- cial uses extend along E1 Camino Real. Primarily single-family developments exist both east and west of E1 Camino Real with some multi-family development located as buffers between the commercial and single-family areas. The Lindenville area, south of the urban center and west of Bayshore Freeway, contains a mixture of light industrial uses, wholesale establishments, transportation centers, warehousing, light fabrication, and service facilities. The co.mmunity's newer industrial uses have generally located in the Cabot-Utah area. This district is located east of U.S. 101 and is composed of the older Utah Industrial Park and the newer Cabot, Cabot and Forbes Industrial Park. The area has evolved as a place for warehousing, distribution facilities, wholesale out- lets, and research and development facilities. The older portions contain heavier uses. The newer residential communities of South San Francisco are lo- cated in the Westborough-West Park area. Here, sub-neighborhoods have been developed in single-family, townhouse, and multi-family developments. A community commercial center is located at the in- tersecuion of Gellert Boulevard and Westborough Boulevard. South San Francisco Housing Element September 1992 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 2. Zoning Controls The zoning designation of each potential housing development site is listed in Flgu~26. Amendments to the Zoning Ordinance can be made by the City Council. Zoning is one tool used to implement the policies and programs of the General Plan. Zoning establishes location and density constraints consistent with the General Plan and guides residential uses away from incompatible uses and environmental hazards and conflicts. The South San Francisco Zoning Ordinance limits the number of dwelling units to a maximum of about 22,000 to 25,000. Given that the city currently has about 19,000 housing units, the city is close to being ~built-out." As explained in section B of this chapter, current zoning will allow the constrUction of about 3,000 new units on vacant and redevelopable sites. Zoning can also create opportunities for housing, particularly af- fordable housing, to be developed with the use of mechanisms such as "density bonuses." Thus zoning is not inherently a constraint to housing development. South San Francisco has four residential zoning districts: R-E (Rural Estates), R-1 (Single-Family Residential), R-2 (Medium Den- sity Residential), and R-3 (Multi-Family Residential). In addi- tion, residential uses are allowed in the city's commercial, in- dustrial, and open space zoning districts, subject to conditional use permit approval. The City is expected to study the lands East of U.S. 101 regarding their suitability for noise sensitive land uses. The South San Francisco Zoning Ordinance may need to be amended to be consistent with the updated Housing Element. Specific Zoning Ordinance provisions that affect residential uses are discussed below. a. On-Site Zoning Requirements and Specifications: The Zoning Ordinance establishes setback requirements for struc- tures in each residential zoning district (see Fl§ure30). In addi- tion, the Zoning Ordinance employs a system of "density designa- South San Francisco Housing Element September 1992 2 3 4 2. Zoning Controls The zoning designation of each potential housing development site is listed in F~gu~ 25. Amendments to the Zoning Ordinance can be made by the City Council. 5 Zoning is one tool used to implement the policies and programs of 6 the General Plan. Zoning establishes location and density 7 constraints consistent with the General Plan and guides 8 residential uses away from incompatible uses and environmental 9 hazards and conflicts. The South San Francisco Zoning Ordinance 10 limits the number of dwelling units to a maximum of about 22,000 11 to 25,000. Given that the city currently has about 19,000 housing 12 units, the city is close to being "built-out." As explained in 13 section B of this chapter, current zoning will allow the 14 construction of about 3,000 new units on vacant and redevelopable 15 sites. 16 17 --18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 ~35 Zoning can also create opportunities for housing, particularly af- fordable housing, to be developed with the use of mechanisms such as "density bonuses." Thus zoning is not inherently a constraint to housing development. South San Francisco has four residential zoning districts: R-E (Rural Estates), R-1 (Single-Family Residential), R-2 (Medium Den- sity Residential), and R-3 (Multi-Family Residential). In addi- tion, residential uses are allowed in the city's commercial, in- dustriaL, and open space zoning districts, subject to conditional use permit approval. The City is expected to study the lands East of U.S. 101 regarding their suitability for noise sensitive land uses. The South San Francisco Zoning Ordinance may need to be amended to be consistent with the updated Housing Element. Specific Zoning Ordinance provisions that affect residential uses are discussed below. a. On-Site Zoning Requirements and Specifications: The Zoning Ordinance establishes setback requirements for struc- tures in each residential zoning district (see Figure~). In addi- tion, the Zoning Ordinance employs a system of "density designa- Chapter III. Housing Potential and Constraints 1 2 3 4 5 6 tors," whereby the maximum residential density allowed in each zoning district is indicated by an additional one-letter designa- tion on the City's zoning map. F~gure31 illustrates the range of possible densities allowed by this designation system. Figure32 shows the parking requirements for residential u~e~ az e~tabli~hed by the Zoning Ordinance. 7 8 9 10 11 Figure 30 7oning District Front, Rear, and Side Yard Regulations City of South San Francisco, California Minimum Yard Dimensions* (in feet) Front Side Rear 12 'R-1 15 5 20 13 R-2 15 5 20 14 R-3 15 5 10-11.5 15 C-1 15 0-10 0 16 D-C 0 0 0 17 1 8 * All yard requirements subject to additional conditions and terms stated in Zoning Ordinance text. 19 Source: City of South San Francisco Zoning Ordinance, Table 20.71.030. 20 21 22 23 24 South San Francisco's zoning regulations for setbacks and parking are comparable to those in other cities, and parking requirements for senior housing and downtown residential uses are lower. Zoning regulations are not a constraint to housing development in South San Francisco. 25 b. Secondary Units: 26 27 28 29 The Zoning Ordinance permits secondary living units in the R-1 (Single-Family Residential), R-2 (Medium Density Residential), R-3 (Multi-Family Residential), and D-C (Downtown Commercial) zoning districts, subject to use permit approval. 30 The Ordinance (Section 20.79.020) states that no more than one 31 residential second unit is permitted on any one parcel or lot 32 which has one existing single-family detached dwelling unit. 33 Second units are required to be within or attached to the existing South San Francisco Housing Element September 1992 1 2 single family unit and can be no larger than 640 square feet. Secondary units also are required to have one off-street parking space and comply with minimum housing code requirements. Since adoption of the Second Unit Ordinance in 1983, one application for a second unit has been approved. 9 10 11 Figure 31 Zoning Density Regulations City of South San Francisco, California D~s~gnator Density (Maximum Units per Net Acre) Maximum Site Area per Dwelling Unit (square feet) 12 A I 43,560 13 B 1.3 32,600 14 C 5 8,710 15 D 6 7,260 16 E 8 5,445 17 F 8.7 5,000 18 G 10 4,360 1 9 H 15 2,904 2 0 i 17.5 2,500 2 1 J 40 1,090 22 K 43 1,000 2 3 L 21.8-30 1,452-2,000 24 2 5 Note: All density requirements subject to additional conditions and terms stated in Zoning Ordinance 2 6 text. 27 Source: City of South San Francisco Zoning Ordinance, Table 20.69.020. 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 Action program 2B-2 commits the city to ease an owner-occupancy restriction by allowing either the primary or the secondary unit to be owner-occupied. This would allow, for example, a widow who owns a home to build a second unit, move into it and rent the main unit to a family. Action 2B-2 also will remove a city prohibition on second units in dwellings built after 1983. That prohibition is now precluded by State law. Chapter III. Housing Potential and Constraints Figure 32 2 3 4 Resider.rial Use Type One-, two- and three-unit dwellings. Multiple-family projects with four or more units. Single-family and townhouse units in planned de- velopments. Group residential uses, residential hotels. Senior citizen residential. Family residential uses in Downtown Commercial District, in buildings with 4 or fewer units (1-bed- room units with 800 square feet or less and/or stu- dio units with 500 square feet or less). Parking Requirements City of South San Francisco, California Parking. Requirement 2 spaces (1 enclosed) per unit for dwellings with fewer than five bedrooms and less than 2,500 square feet in size. 3 spaces (2 enclosed) per unit with five or more bedrooms, or for any dwelling unit with a gross floor area of 2,500 square feet or greater. 2 spaces per unit (with at least I space covered), plus one guest space per every four units. 2.25 spaces (2 enclosed) per unit if project has driveway aprons at least 18 feet long. Otherwise, 4.25 spaces (2 enclosed) per unit. I space for each sleeping room. 0.50 space to 1.25 spaces per unit (to be deter- mined by Planning Commission). I covered space per unit plus 0.25 uncovered space per unit for guest parking. 5 Source: City of South San Francisco Zoning Ordinance, Section 20.74.040. 6 c. Manufactured Housing: 7 Manufactured housing can provide quality housing at a reasonable 8 price. The recent trend in State legislation has been to encour- 9 age komeowners to place and finance manufactured homes on single- 10 family lots. As a result, mobile homes as well as factory-built 11 housing may now be taxed as real estate and may be set on perma- 12 nent foundations, in common with conventional site-built housing. 13 Passage of SB 1004 in 1979 and SB 1422 in 1980 made all manufac- 14 turec homes sold after July 1, 1980, subject to property taxation 15 at the same rate as conventional dwellings. The legislation 16 qualified owners and renters of manufactured homes for State tax 57 South San Francisco Housing E/ement September 1992 3 4 5 6 7 8 benefits traditionally available only to residents of conven- tional, site-built homes. California SB 1960 (1981) prohibited local jurisdictions from ex- cluding manufactured homes from all lots zoned for single-family dwellings; in other words, restricting the location of these homes to mobile home parks is forbidden. However, SB 1960 does allow the local jurisdiction to designate certain single-family lots for manufactured homes based on compatibility for this type of use. 9 The City of South San Francisco Zoning Ordinance allows manufac- 10 tured housing in all zoning districts where residential uses a~e 11 permi';ted or conditionally permitted. The regulations state that 12 "a design review approval...shall be required for all manufactured 13 homes on residential lots, provided that the scope of review shall 14 be limited to roof overhang, roofing material, and siding mate- 15 rial. Manufactured homes on residential lots shall be treated in 16 this title the same as single-family dwellings in all other re- 17 spects" (Zoning Ordinance Sections 20.14.040 through 20.34.040). 18 Between 1985 and 1990, the City received two applications for man- 19 ufactured housing units, both of which were approved. 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 The City's zoning is thus not a constraint to manufactured hous- ing, although the demand for such units in South San Francisco seems to be very limited. 3. Ruildlng Codes The 1988 edition of the Uniform Building Code is enforced in South San Francisco. The City Building Division ensures that new resi- dences, additions, auxiliary buildings, and other structures meet current construction and safety standards. Building permits are required for any construction work. Soutk San Francisco's building code requirements are no different from those in most other cities. While it is recognized that building codes affect the cost of housing development by estab- lishing structural and occupancy standards, the code as applied in Soutk San Francisco is not a constraint on housing development. 4. City Permit Processing and Fee~ Builcing permits must be secured before beginning any construc- tion, reconstruction, conversion, alteration, or addition to a Chapter I. II. Housing Potential and Constraints 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 -- 38 structure. Approval of permit applications is based on conformity with the Zoning Ordinance, although the Planning Commission has the power to grant variances from the terms of the Ordinance within specific limits. Building permits generally are processed within a few weeks; variance requests and Conditional Use Permits require approximately two months to comply with the public notification time required under CEQA. The time required to process residential project applications de- pends on the size and scope of the project. Any delays in pro- cessing can ultimately result in added housing costs. While the City of South San Francisco has a reputation for speedily processing development applications, some delays can occur that are outside the control of the city. Delays in processing can occur if environmental review, pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), requires an EIR to be prepared. At times, approval from State or other agencies may also be required for certain types of projects. Overall, project processing is not a constraint on the development of housing in South San Francisco. Project application fees, permit fees, and developer fees add to housing construction costs. Several fees apply to housing devel- opments. These include 1) fees charged by the planning department for processing use permits, zoning amendments and variances, ten- tative subdivision maps, design and environmental review, and ap- peals; 2) fees levied by the building and public works departments for plan checks and inspections; 3) fees charged for city-provided utility connections such as sewer and water; and 4) fees for in- frastructure improvements, schools, roads and public transit, parks and recreation, police and fire services, and affordable housing funds. Whereas the first three fee categories have been enforced by local governments for many years, the fourth category, often called growth fees, is a fairly recent phenomenon intended to offset the costs of new development. Planning, building/public works, and utility fees are somewhat uniform throughout the Bay Area, while growth fees vary greatly. South San Francisco's growth fees include a park and recreation fee and a school impact fee. Figure33 compares fees for a 100-unit subdivision (25-acre site) with three-bedroom and two-bath (1,500 South San Francisco Housing Element September 1992 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 square feet) single-family homes in South San Francisco and sev- eral San Mateo County cities. Figure 33 shows that fees in South San Francisco for a 100-unit subdivision would be about $5,649 per unit. Fees for the same de- velopment in other San Mateo County cities would range from a to- tal of $8,126 in San Carlos to $22,072 in Half Moon Bay). The permit fees in South San Francisco are less than half the average for San Mateo County ($11,501) and only 41 percent of the Bay Area average ($13,811) . South San Francisco's park fee ($2,030) is lower than the average park and recreation fees in San Mateo County ($3,800) and the Bay Area ($2,291). Thus developer fees in South San Francisco do not constitute a constraint to housing development in the city, relative to other Bay Area cities. 6. Infrastructure Improvements A conplete description of the transportation circulation system in South San Francisco is included in the Circulation Element of the General Plan. All public utilities, including sewage treatment facilities, water supply, storm drainage, and solid waste disposal are described in the Land Use Element of the General Plan. Ade- quate infrastructure improvements exist throughout the community to serve new and in-fill housing. Development of the vacant or redevelopable parcels listed in ~gu~26 would only require on-site connections to existing roads, sewer mains, and water lines. Therefore, infrastructure requirements do not pose a constraint to the development of new housing in South San Francisco. 6O City/County Plannina Figure 33 COMPARISON OF lll=V;I ~PFR Fr=r:S City of South San Francisco, California Ruilding Sub-Total ~rowth I Itilities Total South SF $ 52 Belmont 416 Foster City 33 Half Moon Bay 160 Pacifica 125 San Carlos 90 San Mateo 22 $1,416 $1,468 $ 4.181 $ 0 $ 5,649 1,535 1,951 8,250 2,810 1 3,011 1,364 1,397 5,555 3,263 1 0,21 5 1,437 1,597 10,276 10,199 22,072 650 775 6,451 3,975 1 1,201 1,473 1,563 4,963 1,600 8,1 26 1,390 1,41 2 7,562 1,260 1 0,234 San Mateo County Average $128 South SF as % of 41% County average $1,324 $1,452 $6,748 $3,301 $1 1,501 07% 1 01% 62% 0% 4 9 % Bay Area Average $188 $1,539 $1,727 $7,306 $4,778 South SF as % of 28% 92% 85% 57% 0% Bay area Average Based on a hypothetical 100-unit single-family subdivision with 1,500 square foot homes and a land value of $200,000 per acre. Source:Develol;)ment Fee Survey for the S;n Francisco R;~y Region, Building Industry Association of Northern California, 1991, and Department of Economic and Community Development, City of South San Francisco, March 1992. $13,811 41% South San Francisco Housing Element September 1992 i E. MARKET CONSTRAINTS 2 1. ~.and Cost~ 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 The price of developed land is a significant component of housing cost--one-quarter or more of the total cost of a house. Land costs in the Bay Area have been increasing since World War II as a result of inflation, increased immigration, and decreasing land supply. This cost increase has an adverse effect on the ability of households, particularly low- and moderate-income households, to pay for housing. For example, each $250 increase in the land cost of a unit adds about $10 per month to the cost of housing. 11 Land costs in South San Francisco are fairly typical of those in 12 San Mateo County. The cost of a single-family in-fill lot is 13 roughly $100,000, or about one quarter of the typical cost of a 14 new, three- to five-bedroom home in the city (approximately 15 $400,000). (Telephone conversation with Andy Cresci, Vice ?resi- 16 dent, Standard Building Company, January 22, 1990). Land costs 17 are somewhat lower for subdivisions. Data from the San Mateo 18 County Assessor's office show that land for subdivision projects 19 has sold from a iow of $270,000 per acre to a high of $640,000 per 20 acre. These figures translate into a cost of $50,000 to $96,000 21 per lot, depending on size and location. (Figures were derived 22 from sales data for the Parkway Estates II, Foothill Estates, 23 Avalon Heights, and Alden Heights projects, between 1988 and 24 1990.) 25 26 Clearky, rising land costs have constrained the development of af- fordable housing. 27 2. Construct ] on Cost~ 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 Construction cost increases, like land cost increases, have raised the cost of housing and have affected the ability of consumers to pay for housing. Construction cost increases are due to the cost of materials, labor, and higher government-imposed standards (e.g., energy conservation requirements). Construction costs in 1990 for a single-family home in South San Francisco were approxi- mately $70 per square foot. (Telephone conversation with Andy Cresci, Vice President, Standard Building Company, January 22, Chapter ill. Housing Potential and Constraints 1990.) Housing construction costs in the Bay Area, on average, make up about 45 percent of the total cost of a single-family starter home. (Bay Area Council, Taxing the American Dream, May 1988.) 5 While construction costs averaged $70 per square foot, City permit 6 and processing fees for a single-family home (as presented in Sec- 7 tion D.4.) averaged about $4 per square foot. Thus, in comparison 8 to fees, construction costs make up a substantial portion of hous- 9 ing costs, and cannot be controlled by the City. 10 11 12 Figure 34 Components of Housing Cost City of South San Francisco, California 109'o 2% 4% 10% 5% 42% 27% ILand [] Construction [] Improvements [] Fees [] Financing [] Overhead and Profit [] Sales cost 13 14 15 Source: Adapted from Bay Area Council, Taxing the American Dream, 1988. Figures are adjusted for higher la'~d cost and lower level of fees in South San Francisco. South San Francisco Housing Element September 1992 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 3. Cost Rnd AvRi]abil~ty of F~nRnclng The availability of money is a significant factor in both the cost and 5he supply of housing. Both (1) capital used by developers for Lnitial site preparation and construction, and (2) capital for financing the purchase of units by homeowners and investors have suffered high and fluctuating interest rates in recent years. Dur- ing 5he 1980s, interest rates for conventional mortgages and con- struction loans ranged from 8 to 21 percent. For many, high mort- gage interest rates made home ownership infeasible because incomes were not adequate to meet required mortgage payments. (Each 1 percent rise in interest rate would cause the monthly payment on a $70,900 mortgage to increase by $54.) For builders, high interest rates translate to higher development costs, which in turn are passed on to the home buyer in the form of higher prices for new units. At times, builder financing is difficult to obtain even though the cost of take-out financing may be reasonable. Until the late 1980s, credit enhancement for multi-family developments was available. In the early 1990s, it has been almost impossible to secure financing for multi-family projects. Thus the cost and availability of financing has had a direct impact on South San Francisco's housing supply, steering new development away from producing affordable multi-family units and toward more expensive single-family homes. 4. Recent Market RKperience 25 From 1970 to 1980, housing was produced in South San Francisco at 26 an average rate of 375 units per year. Housing production slowed 27 substantially during the early 1980s and early 1990s as a result 28 of the adverse financial conditions described above and two 29 nationwide economic recessions. 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 From 1980 to 1989, 1,183 new housing units were constructed and 44 units were demolished for a net total of 1,139 housing units added to the housing stock in South San Francisco. Of this total, 498 were single-family units, 233 were duplexes/townhomes/condomini- ums, one was a second unit, and 451 were multi-family units (214 of which were condominiums). (See Flgu~21.) On average, about 105 housing units were added per year from 1980 to 1989, significantly less than the 375 per year in the 1970s. The number of new units Chapter I!1. Housing Potential and Constraints 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 construc;ed per year varied greatly during the 1980s due in part to the national economic recession of 1982-83 and a state-wide re- cession during 1985-87. During those two periods, housing con- struction in South San Francisco almost came to a standstill, with only 11 units built in 1982 and six units built in 1985. For those years when construction was somewhat strong, the average number of units was about 175 per year. Still, this figure is much less than the average number of units constructed per year during the 1970s. Market conditions will continue to be the pri- mary constraint on housing production for the five-year time frame of this Housing Element. F. OPPORTUNITIES FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION The City of South San Francisco recognizes the need for greater energy efficiency in both existing dwelling units and in new con- struction. Adequate windows, insulation, weather stripping, and caulking all can reduce energy consumption in buildings. Opportunities for energy conservation are greatest in new con- struction. The City provides information to developers on energy efficiency and encourages the use of active and passive solar power. The city will continue to enforce state standards for en- ergy efficiency in all new residential construction. (See Actions lC-1 and 5E-1.) Pacific Gas & Electric has a number of programs--aimed especially at households with low-income and elderly people--to improve the energy efficiency of existing housing units. These programs in- clude energy assessments, sale of energy efficient refrigerators, insulation covers for water heaters, and insulation in general. (See Ac;ion 5E-2.) Insulation used to combat airport noise from entering homes has the added benefit of making these homes more energy efficient. Thus, South San Francisco has a unique opportunity to increase en- ergy efficiency through its airport noise insulation program. This program has insulated over 270 homes and is planned to in- clude 300 more. (See Action 5D-1.) IV. HOUSING PLAN.'AND PROGRAMS 1 Goal 1. Encourage a supply of housing units sufficient to assure each resident an attractive, healthful, safe environment within a wide range of designs, types, sizes, and prices. 4 5 Policy lA. Avoid deterioration due to a lack of maintenance of existing dwelling units and provide Iow-cost rehabilitation programs for their Improvement. 6 7 Action lA-1. Support the Housing Rehabilitation Program with continued CDBG funding. 8 9 10 11 12 This program provides low-interest loans for'rehabilita- tion of owner-occupied single-family homes. Approxi- mately $189,400 in CDBG funds were available for such loans in 1990. Priority is given to homes in the Downtown Target Area. 13 14 15 16 17 Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, CDBG Division Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: CDBG Quantified Objective: 40 Units by 1995. 18 19 Action lA-2. Aggressively enforce uniform housing, building, and safety codes. 20 21 22 23 Responsibility of: City Attorney, Building Division Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: General fund Quantified Objective: NQ 24 25 26 Policy lB. Provide assistance from all divisions, departments, and levels of City government, within the bounds of local ordinances and policies, to stimu- late private housing development consistent with local needs. 27 Action lB-1. Support Private Market Construction. 28 29 30 31 32 33 This program is designed to remove hurdles to construct- ing new market-rate housing units for above moderate- and moderate-income households so that units can be built at a rate that will meet the current and projected housing needs. This program includes working with property own- ers, project sponsors, and developers to design housing 66 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 Chapter IV. Housing Plan and Programs projects that meet the goals, objectives and policies of this Housing Element; providing timely assistance and ad- vice on permits, fees, and environmental review require- ments to avoid costly delays in project approval; and in- terfacing with community groups and local residents to ensure public support of major new housing developments. Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: (NA) Quantified Objective: 1,567 units by 1995. (This is the number that would need to be pro- duced by the private market to meet the remaining ABAG housing need [Figure T] after subtracting units to be produced by all other construc- tion programs.) Action lB-2. Work with the owner to develop a plan for annexa- tion of the R.I McClellan property (Site No. 10 on Figures 26 and 27). Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division Time Frame: Currently in Progress Funding Source: General Fund Quantified Objective: Complete by 1993. Policy lC. Assure people a choice of locations by encouraging a variety of housing units In well planned neighborhoods. Action IC-1. Review the Zoning Ordinance for-- (a) adequate tools and flexibility. The City's Zoning Ordinance will be reviewed to assure that it has the tools and flexibility needed to encourage a variety of unit sizes and mix of housing types including single fam- ily condominiums, cluster projects, PUDs, townhomes, co- operatives, mobile homes, senior projects, and manufac- tured housing; 67 South San Francisco Housing Element August 1992 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 3O 31 32 33 34 (b) equitable distribution of single- and multiple-family units; and (c) inclusion of design standards to promote improved residential and neighborhood design, energy conservation, and reduced costs. Responsibility of: Economic and Community Development, Planning Division Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: General Fund Quantified Objective: Complete review and amendments by 1995. Action lC-2. Provide adequate public facilities, including streets, water, sewerage, and drainage, throughout the residential areas of the city. Residential development will be encouraged, as designated on the General Plan Land Use Map, where public services and facilities are adequate to support added population or where the needed improvements are already committed. All dwelling units will have adequate public or private access to public rights-of-way. Responsibility of: Time Frame: Funding Source: Public Works Department and Planning division. On-going General Fund Quantified Objective: NQ Action 1C-3. Ensure that new development and rehabilitation ef- forts promote quality design and harmonize with existing neighborhood surroundings. Support excellence in design through the continued use of the design review board. Ail future major housing projects will be evaluated according to the following factors: (a) Effects the proposed densities will have on the sur- rounding neighborhoods, streets, and the community as a whole; 68 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Goal 2. Chapter IV. Housing Plan and Programs (b) Need for additional infrastructure improvements, in- cluding but not limited to sewers, water, storm drainage, and parks; (c) Need for additional public services to accommodate the project, including but not limited to police, fire, pub- lic works, libraries, recreation, planning, engineering, administration, finance, building, and other applicable services; and (d) Cost/revenue impacts, especially of major projects. Responsibility of: Technical Advisory Group Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: General Fund Quantified Objective: NQ Continue to support the provision of housing by both the private and public sector for all Income groups in the community. Policy 2A. Eliminate constraints to affordable housing. Action 2A-1. Promote affordable housing. At the time first contact is made with City staff, devel- opers will be alerted by the Department of Economic and Community Development to the City's desire to provide a wide range of housing types and costs, including units affordable to lower-income households. Particular atten- tion will be paid to sites meeting the locational crite- ria for non-market-rate housing set forth in this Housing Element. During the initial discussions with staff, dur- ing the environmental review process, and during the re- view of project proposals by the Planning Commission and City Council, attention will be given to methods of re- ducing housing costs including: (a) Reducing the floor area of some units where it is deemed appropriate to increased numbers of single-person households, smaller families, and greater numbers of elderly; 69 South San Francisco Housing Element August 1992 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 2O 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 3O 31 32 33 34 (b) Eliminating amenities such as family rooms and dens in some units. (c) Opportunities for using modular construction or manu- factured units. (d) Opportunities to offer density bonuses or other incen- tives (see Policy 2B below) allowed under the Zoning Or- dinance for providing elderly units or units available to Iow- and very iow-income households. Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: (not applicable) Quantified Objective: NQ Porcy 28. Stimulate the construction of lower cost units by providing Incentives and encouraging mixed use projects, second units, density bonuses, and manufactured housing. Action 2B-1. Encourage a mix of uses in Commercial and Office Zoning Districts. This program promotes housing uses on upper floors of commercial and office buildings. The Zoning Ordinance permits residential uses on the same site when secondary to established commercial and office uses. Maximum densi- ties of 30 units per acre will be allowed in these areas, and density will be calculated based on the total number of units divided by the total net site area, without re- gard to how much of the site is (or is to be) occupied by non-residential uses. However, adequate off-street park- ing must be provided. Opportunities for time share of parking facilities will be explored and encouraged. Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: NA Quantified Objective: 126 units by 1995. 70 Chapter IV. Housing Plan and Programs 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 .24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 Action 2B-2. Support the development of "Second Housing Units." In general, a second unit is an additional self-contained living unit, either attached to or detached from the primary residential unit on a single lot. It has cooking, eating, sleeping, and full sanitation facilities. It is also known as a granny flat, in-law unit, or an accessory dwelling. State law permits second units and establishes minimum standards for their development. A local government can either adhere to the State standards or adopt its own' second unit ordinance. San Mateo County allows for construction of both attached and detached units up to 700 square feet or 35 percent of the size of the main dwelling (to a maximum of 1500 square feet). In South San Francisco, a second unit is defined as a separate, complete housekeeping unit with kitchen, sleep- ing, and full bathroom facilities and which is located on the same parcel or lot and attached to the primary unit. (South San Francisco Municipal Code, Section 20.06 (f).) The City has amended its Zoning Ordinance to allow second units upon the issuance of a Conditional Use Permit provided the unit meets specific standards (see Chapter III, Section B.2.b of this Housing Element). The City will liberalize its second unit ordinance by allowing either unit to be owner-occupied, and by removing the prohibition on second units in dwellings constructed after 1983--a prohibition now precluded by State law. Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: NA Quantified Objective: Two units by 1995. Action 2B-3. Grant a "Density Bonus" to developments that in- clude low-income, very low-income or senior citizen units. 71 South San Francisco Housing Element August 1992 1 2 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 The California Government Code (Section 65915) requires cities to grant certain density bonuses (or provide other incentives of equivalent value) to housing developers who provide low-income, very low-income or senior citizen housing units within their projects. The specific density bonuses required are: (a) A 25 percent density increase when at least 20 percent of the total units in the development are for low-income households. (b) A 25 percent density increase when at least 10 percent of the total units in the housing development are for very low-income households. (c) A 25 percent density increase when at least 50 percent of the total units in the housing development are for se- nior citizens. The density increase must be at least 25 percent over the otherwise maximum allowable residential density under the applicable Zoning Ordinance and Land Use Element of the General Plan. The City will amend the Zoning Ordinance to include the State-mandated density bonus provisions and alternative or additional incentives such as the follow- ing: · Expedited development review. · Fee waivers. · Other regulatory concessions resulting in identifiable cost reductions equivalent in financial value to the den- sity bonus, based upon the land cost per dwelling unit. Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division Time Frame: 1992 Funding Source: NA Quantified Objective: 206 units by 1995. Chapter IV. Housing Plan and Programs 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 --36 37 Action 2B-4. Complete a study of increasing residential densi- ties around future BART station and required implementa- tion. The Bay Area Rapid Transit District is proposing an ex- tension of its commuter rail line from Daly City to the San Francisco Airport. This proposal includes a station in South San Francisco. A land use study has been autho- rized to rezone properties around this station. Cur- rently, the maximum residential density with a density bonus is 37.5 units per acre. The intent is to look at compatible land uses including public evaluation of an increase in residential densities above 37.5 units per acre. 'Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division Time Frame: Currently in Progress Funding Source: General Fund Quantified Objective: 350 units by 1995. Action 2B-5. Study the land use compatibility of increasing residential densities along major streets in the downtown redevelopment area, incorporating public participation in the process. Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division Time Frame: Currently authorized Funding Source: ' General Fund Quantified Objective: Complete by 1995. Action 2B-6. Appoint a Housing Programs Administrator to oversee Housing Element Programs and maintain the element. A contributing weakness to meeting previous Housing Ele- ment objectiues was the lack of housing expertise and program management oversight. The City will secure funding for a half-time staff position or consultant to provide such expertise. Areas of responsibility will include annual housing reports, Housing Element amendments and updates, contract administration, seeking additional funding, and monitoring legislation. The South San Francisco Housing Element August 1992 1 2 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 Responsibility of: Time Frame: Funding Source: Housing Administrator will be responsible for monitoring the status of subsidized units at risk of conversion to market rate (see Chapter III, Section C2) and taking appropriate action under State and federal law to preserve these units. Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division Commence 1992-93 budget year 20 percent Redevelopment Housing Set-aside Fund, CDBG funds, and General Fund for remaining nonJ qualifying functions Quantified Objective: NQ Policy 2C. Suppo~ effo~s of non-governmental sponsors to generate affordable housing. Action 2C-1. Maintain a list of major agencies and organizations participating in housing-related activities, including address, telephone, and brief description of their func- tion. The Department of Economic and Community Development will prepare the list and provide it to City departments (particularly City Clerk, Police, and Building Division) for distribution to the public on request. Agencies listed will include the South San Francisco Housing Au- thority, San Mateo County Housing Authority, North San Mateo County Association of Realtors, Chamber of Com- merce, housing counseling organizations, and housing as- sistance services described in Action 2C-2. Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division Time Frame: On-going · Funding Source: City Budget Quantified Objective: NQ Action 2C-2. Allocate Redevelopment funds to non-profit housing agencies that assist in providing or developing low-in- come housing. 74 Chapter IV. Housing P/an and Programs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 The City has worked with BRIDGE Housing Corporation and the Mid-Peninsula Housing Coalition to develop affordable housing, by providing funds for land purchase and rehabilitation. The City is currently contracting with BRIDGE Housing to develop a site and possibly build affordable housing using redevelopment set-aside funding. (See also Action 2D-3.) It is expected that these and other non-profit agencies will be interested in further ventures with the City. Responsibility of: Time Frame: Funding Source: Department of Economic and Community Development, CDBG Division 1992-1996 20 percent Redevelopment Housing Set-aside Fund Quantified Objective: Assist non-profit agencies in devel- oping 60 units by 1995. Action 2C-3. Support non-profits in the placement of individuals and small households needing housing with people who have excess space in their homes and who are willing to share that space. This program, sponsored by a non-profit organization, ~Human Investment Project, Inc.: Shared Homes," arranges to place seniors, students, and other individuals and small households needing housing with persons who have housing and wish to accept boarders. The organization maintains lists of people who have available space and of those who need to rent or otherwise obtain housing in north San Mateo County. The City supports this program by allocating Redevelopment Agency housing set-aside funds, which are used to provide office space, telephone, advertising, and information about the program. Thirty- seven South San Francisco residents were assisted with housing through this program during 1989, 48 in 1990, and 43 in 1991. Responsibility of: Time Frame: Department of Economic and Community Development On-going South San Francisco Housing Element August 1992 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 Funding Source: 20 percent Redevelopment Housing Set-aside Fund Quantified Objective: 200 units, 1990-1995. Policy 2D. Involve the City directly in retaining and increasing the supply of affordable housing. Action 2D-1. Continue to operate and rent 80 units of public housing. No additional such units are planned in the future, but the City will continue to support the South San Francisco Housing Authority's Public Housing Rental Program by co- operating with the Authority in such areas as unit reha- bilitation. Responsibility of: South San Francisco Housing Author- ity Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: HUD funds and return on rents Quantified Objective: Preserve 80 units. The next three action programs describe Redevelopment Agency ac- tivities. To better understand these programs, the following background on redevelopment law and redevelopment in South San Francisco is provided. The Ci;y's Redevelopment Agency operates three redevelopment ar- eas: Gateway, Shearwater, and Downtown/Central. State law re- quires the Redevelopment Agency to spend 20 percent of its tax in- crement from these projects to increase and improve the community's supply of low- and moderate-income housing. Eligible activi;ies include acquiring land or sites, certain off-site improvements, construction of buildings, rehabilitation, providing subsidies, and the payment of principal and interest on bonds, loans, and advances. The redevelopment law requires agencies to replace any low- and moderate-income housing destroyed or removed as part of redevelop- ment activity. Replacement must occur within four years (either within or outside the project area). Chapter IV. Housing Plan and Programs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 Some restrictions as to affordability govern housing constructed within project areas. Thirty percent of new units developed or rehabilitated by the agency itself must be affordable to low- and moderate-income households; half of these (15 percent) must be af- fordable to very low-income households. Of units developed or re- habilitated by another public agency or by a private entity, 15 percent must be affordable to low- and moderate-income households, and 40 percent of these (6 percent) must be affordable to very low-income households. (These affordability requirements apply in the aggregate to new units and not to each project individually.) In addition to the above requirements of California redevelopment law, the Downtown/Central Redevelopment Project requires spending at least 28 percent of the housing fund for low-income and 33 per- cent for very low-income; replacing any housing units within the Project Area destroyed or removed by private action (in addition to Agency action) and in the same ratios of low- and very low-in- come affordability as the units destroyed; and assisting in the relocation of low- and moderate-income persons displaced. These units in Downtown/Central are required to remain affordable at the designated income levels for the life of the project (until 2024) or later if bonds are paid off later. The Redevelopment Agency's low- and moderate-income housing fund has been generating approximately $280,000 a year, primarily from the Gateway project. In 1990 and 1991, $200,000 a year went to pay off the purchase of the Magnolia Plaza Apartments property. In 1992, a net of approximately $500,000 a year can be expected. By 1995-96, the housing fund could be accumulating nearly $1,000,300 a year. The following action programs take into account state and local restrictions on the use of the low- and moderate-income housing fund and the limitations imposed by high housing costs in the area. Action 2D-2. Provide financial assistance for physical improve- ments to existing boarding rooms and Single Room Occupan- cies. This would be similar to the upgrading of the Sundial fa- cility by Mid-Peninsula Housing Coalition. Facilities of 77 South San Francisco Housing Element August 1992 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 --18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 this type in the Downtown/Central Project Area could be improved or converted to apartments. Responsibility of: Time Frame: Funding Source: South San Francisco Redevelopment Agency 1992-1995 20 percent Redevelopment Housing Set-aside Fund Quantified Objective: Upgrade 60 Single Rooms by 1995. Action 2D-3. Acquire land for rental projects. The Redevelopment Agency will acquire sites that are ei- ther vacant or were developed with nonconforming uses and will make the sites available to non-profit developers. The Magnolia Plaza site was acquired this way from the South San Francisco Unified School District and leased to BRIDGE, the non-profit developer. Eventually ownership of the land will return to the City. (See also Action 2C-2.) Responsibility of: Time Frame: Funding Source: South San Francisco Redevelopment Agency 1992-1995 20 percent Redevelopment. Housing Set-aside Fund Quantified Objective: Acquire land sufficient for 60 units by 1995. Action 2D-4. Subsidize purchases or buy down the developer's cost of rental units in new for-profit developments. This applies to new developments either inside or outside project areas. The Agency could assist in the purchase of units by eligible buyers, or assist in creating afford- able rental units through buydown assistance to the orig- inal developer or subsidies to eligible renters. Responsibility of: Time Frame: Funding Source: South San Francisco Redevelopment Agency 1994-1995 20 percent Redevelopment Housing Set-aside Fund 78 Chapter IV. Housing Plan and Programs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 --16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 --32 33 Quantified Objective: Assist five units by 1995. Actio~ 2D-5. Continue to enforce limits on conversion of apart- ment units to condominiums. Conversion of apartments to condominium ownership ad- versely affects the number of affordable rental units available within the community. Chapter 19.80 of the Mu- nicipal Code notes several social problems created by conversion. As specified in Chapter 19.80, condominium conversions are allowed only if they meet the following general criteria: (a) A multiple-family vacancy rate of at least 5 percent exists. (b) The conversion has an overall positive effect on the City's available housing stock. (c) Adequate provisions are made for maintaining and managing the resulting condominium projects. (d) The project meets all building, fire, zoning, and other applicable codes in force at the time of conversion. (e) The conversion is consistent with all applicable poli- cies of the General Plan. Since the Ordinance was adopted, no conversions have oc- curred. This has helped retain a rental housing stock in the community that provides a substantial source of hous- ing for low- and moderate-income families. Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: NA Quantified Objective: NQ Action 2D-6. Retain 268 units subsidized under Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Section 8 contracts for lower-income seniors and families. South Sar, Francisco Housing Element August 1992 1 7 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 ~" 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 ..... 38 39 State law (Government Code Section 65583) requires each housing element to include a program for preserving as- sisted housing that is at risk of conversion to market rate. There are currently 268 units under Section 8 con- tract in South San Francisco that are potentially at risk. (See Chapter III, Section C.2.) These units are available to elderly households (190 units) and families (78 units). As of March 1992, no no- tices of intent to cancel low-income use restrictions have been filed. The Housing Programs Administrator will monitor these projects, and, if a notice of intent to convert is filed, will work with local non-profits to initiate action under applicable State and federal law to preserve these units. In this area, BRIDGE Housing and Mid-Peninsula Housing Coalition have been identified as having the experience to assist in preservation of these units. Mid-Peninsula Housing Coalition has successfully preserved the Tyrella Gardens project in Mountain View. The major source of funding for preservation of Skyline View Gardens would come from HUD 241(f) loans provided under the Low Income Housing Preservation and Resident Homeownership Act. Additional local funds for Skyline View Gardens and funds to preserve units at Fairway Apartments that may lose Section 8 assistance would come from the 20 percent Redevelopment Housing Set-aside Fund. This fund currently has a balance of $1,271,000, and is generating about $600,000 a year. The Redevelopment Agency has committed about $180,000 yearly to existing programs. By 1995, when the first of these at-risk units will be able to convert, the fund should have ap- proximately $2,500,000 available for preservation. This amount would be reduced by committments of set-aside funds to other new programs. Responsibility of: Time Frame: Funding Source: Department of Economic and Community Development On-going LIH?RHA and 20 percent Redevelopment Housing Set-aside Fund Quantified Objective: Retain 268 affordable at-risk units. 8O ChalYter IV. Housing Plan and Programs 5 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 __18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Policy 2E. Continue to cooperate with other governmental agencies and take an active Interest in seeking solutions to area-wide housing problems. The City supports the concept that all communities should make a good faith effort to meet the housing needs of low- and moderate-income households in their area, in a manner that is not disproportionate for any community and which recognizes the degree of effort made in prior years. Action 2E-1. Support State and federal legislation to make hous- ing more affordable for owners and renters, and to permit rehabilitation of existing deteriorated housing without an increase in tax assessments. -Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division and City Manager's Office Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: NA Quantified Objective: NQ Actioc 2E-2. Participate with San Mateo County in its Housing Revenue Bond and Mortgage Credit Certificate programs. The bond program provides below-market-rate loans to sponsors of low- and moderate-income housing at various locations in the county. The City has adopted a resolu- tion of participation with San Mateo County and promotes the program by alerting potential developers of its exis- tence and referring them to the County for further infor- mation. Project sponsors may submit proposals to the County De- partment of Housing and Community Development for review and approval. Commitments are issued on a competitive ba- sis.. The Magnolia Senior Center project, completed in 1987, took advantage of this program. The Mortgage Credit Certificate Program, authorized by Congress in the Tax Reform Act of 1984, provides finan- cial assistance to first-time home-buyers for the pur- 81 South San Francisco Housing Element August 1992 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ....... 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 __34 chase of single-family homes, townhouses, and condomini- ums. An MCC gives the home-buyer a federal income tax credit each year the buyer keeps the same mortgage loan and lives in the same house. The MCC tax credit typically equals 20 percent of the mortgage interest paid each year. That 20 percent is subtracted dollar-for-dollar from federal income taxes. Eligibility requirements: · First-time Home-buyers: Those persons who have not owned a ~principle residence" within the past three years. · Owner-occupants: Buyer must live in the house pur- chased. · Income: In 1992, total household income (includes the income of anyone who is listed on the title) cannot ex- ceed $49,900 for a one or two person household, or $57,385 for a three-or-more person household. · House Prices are limited to $236,070 for new houses or $207,090 for existing houses. Neither the City nor County makes home loans. The home- buyer goes through the normal process of choosing a Real- tor, finding a house, condo, townhouse or mobile home, and arranging financing with one of the 56 participating lenders. The lender determines that the buyer and the house are eligible, fills out the MCC application forms, and sends them to the County. The County reviews the forms sent in by the lender to verify eligibility. The County can then issue an MCC. The Mortgage Credit Certificate program helps the buyers (1) to qualify for a larger mortgage, and (2) to reduce their monthly outlay for housing. For recipients, the MCC often means the difference between being able and not being able to buy a home. 82 Chapter IV. Housing Plan and Programs 5 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 __ 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 ...... 36 37 The MCC program has been extended by Congress from year to year and expires on June 30, 1992. The City will participate in the MCC program as long as it is continued by Congress and administered by the County. Responsibility of: Time Frame: Funding Source: San Mateo County Department of Hous- ing and Community Development On-going California Debt Limit Allocation Committee Quantified Objective: Issuance of 15 MCCs annually to qualified local applicants. Annual amount will fluctuate with level of competition for limited statewide MCC authority. Action 2E-3. Continue to support San Mateo County's Federal Sec- tion 8 Housing Assistance Program. Through this HUD program, low-income households, using certificates issued by the Housing Authority, rent market-rate housing while only paying rent that does not exceed 30 percent of their gross income. (HUD pays the difference between market-rate rents and what a family pays with 30 percent of its gross income. ) Approximately 276 units were under Section 8 lease in the city in 1990. Under the City's Housing Assistance Plan, 66 additional Section 8 rental units are expected to be leased (see Chapter III, Section B). Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: HUD Quantified Objective: 342 units by 1995. Action 2E-4. Provide interest-free loans for rehabilitating apartments. This program provides interest-free deferred loans for up to 50 percent of the cost of rehabilitating rental units. No payment is due until the property is sold or trans- ferred. Loans are limited to one-half of rehabilitation 83 South San Francisco Housing Element August 1992 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 ---18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 36 costs up to $5,000 per unit for studio apartments and up to $8,500 per unit for three-bedroom units or larger. A total of 12 units were rehabilitated under this program in 1989. An additional 17 rental units per year are ex- pected to be rehabilitated under this program in the fu- ture. The program also provides rental subsidies to low- and moderate-income tenants to offset rent increases which result from rehabilitation. Funds are provided by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) through the State Department of Housing and Commu- nity Development. Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, CDBG Division Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: HUD Rental Rehabilitation Quantified Objective: 85 units. Goal 3. Provide housing for groups with special needs. Policy 3A. Encourage non-profit groups to provide housing for the elderly citizens of South San Francisco. Actioa 3A-1. Offer a density bonus for senior housing. Development of senior housing in South San Francisco is supported by General Plan Land Use Element policies and the Zoning Ordinance which provide for higher densities in senior housing projects. Densities up to 50 units per acre are allowed for senior housing projects in multi- family districts. Development of senior housing in higher density areas close to shopping and transportation is encouraged. Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: NA Quantified Objective: Encourage the development of 50 se- nior housing units by 1995. Action 3A-2. Provide funding for minor repairs of homes owned and occupied by Iow-income senior citizens. 84 Chapter IV. Housing Plan and Programs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 ~ ,-35 36 Eligible repairs include plumbing, electrical, painting, carpentry~ roof repairs, and masonry work. Some repair costs may be recovered by the City, depending on the income of the client. The City allocates $5,000 in CDBG funds annually for this program. Approximately 40 senior households per year are expected to receive assistance under this program; a total of 39 homes received assis- tance from this program in 1989. Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, CDBG Division Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: CDBG funds Quantified Objective: 200 units over five years. Policy 3B. Encourage the establishment of residential board and care facilities for the elderly in the community. Action 3B-1. Continue to allow reduced parking requirements for this use. Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: NA Quantified Objective: NQ Policy 3C. Require the Inclusion of handicapped accessible units in all housing projects. In all new apartment projects with five or more units, State law requires that 5 percent of the units con- structed be fully accessible to the physically disabled. Minimum widths are specified for sidewalks, doorways, and ramps. Minimum turning areas are required for wheelchairs, and obstacles and hazards to wheelchair and walker use must be eliminated. Stairways and ramps, must have handrails for those who have difficulty walking. Kitchens and bathrooms must allow for the use of wheelchairs or be easily modified for wheelchair use. In addition to the 5 percent that must be fully accessi- ble, all units on primary entrance floors, or on floors 85 South San Francisco Housing Element August 1992 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 accessible by elevators or ramps, must have construction features to provide for adaptability to the needs of the mobility impaired, such as reinforcements for future ad- ditions of grab bars in bathrooms. These units must also meet minimum standards for entry and circulation dimen- sions. Action 3C-1. Review development plans and require modifications for accessibility. Responsibility of: Building Department Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: NA Quantified Objective: Enforcement of applicable State and federal standards. Pollc; 3D. Continue to support programs to modify existing units to better serve the needs of disabled citizens. Action 3D-1. Provide CDBG funds to the Center for the Indepen- dence of the Disabled to make housing units accessible to the disabled. Modifications were made to 44 homes in 1989, 48 in 1990, and 30 in 1991. Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, CDBG Division Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: CDBG funds Quantified Objective: 125 units over five years. Policy 3E. Foster amenities needed by female-headed households. Action 3E-1. The City will strongly encourage the inclusion of childcare and after-school-care facilities within or near affordable and higher density housing and mixed use developments. Responsibility of: Time Frame: Funding Source: Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division On-going NA Quantified Objective: NQ 86 Chapter IV. Housing Plan and Programs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 Policy 3F. Insure provision of adequate affordable housing suitable for large families. Action 3F-1. Require that 20 percent of all below-market-rate housing are three- and four-bedroom units. Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: NA Quantified Objective: 15 three- and four-bedroom units by 1995. Policy 3G. Assist the homeless and those at risk of becoming homeless. Action 3G-1. Provide emergency rent funds to assist eligible persons to avoid eviction, or to rent an apartment. The City will allocate funds to the North Neighborhood Services Center, and to other agencies to try to prevent homelessness. Peninsula qualified Responsibility of: Time Frame: Funding Source: Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division On-going CDBG & 20 percent Redevelopment Housing Set-Aside Fund Quantified Objective: Allocate $12,000 per year. Action 3G-2. Provide funds for transitional, housing. The City provides funds to the Shelter Network for its transitional housing facility in Daly City. The City will continue funding this or an alternative program dur- ing the five-year planning period. Responsibility of: Time Frame: Funding Source: Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division On-going CDBG & 20 percent Redevelopment Housing Set-Aside Fund Quantified Objective: Provide transitional shelter for 550 person-nights per year. 87 South San Francisco Housing Element August 1992 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 .... 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 ..... 34 35 Goal 4. Assist citizens In locating and retaining affordable housing without discrimination. Policy 4A. Strive to eliminate housing discrimination by race, sex, age, religion, and national origin. Action 4A-1. Provide legal counseling and other advice and ser- vices concerning fair housing laws, rights, and remedies to those who believe they have been discriminated against. Persons requesting information or assistance related to housing discrimination are referred to ~Operation Sen- tinel,'' a fair housing group under contract with the City. The City allocates about $6,000 in CDBG funds to this program per year. Eight individuals were assisted by this program in the 1990-1991 fiscal year. Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, CDBG Division Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: CDBG Quantified Objective: 10 discrimination cases pursued each year of the planning period. Goal 5. Protect neighborhoods and housing from natural and man-made hazards. Policy 5A. Prohibit new residential development in areas containing major environmental hazards (such as floods, and seismic and safety problems) unless adequate mitigation measures are taken. Action 5A-1. Residential Projects will be reviewed for major en- vironmental hazards during the environmental review pro- cess. An environmental impact report is required by State law if major environmental hazards are found. The City shall not approve the projects unless the hazards are adequately mitigated. Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: General Fund Quantified Objective: Ail residential projects. 88 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ~17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Chapter IV. Housing Plan and Programs Policy 5B. Require the design of new housing and neighborhoods to comply with adopted building security standards that decrease burglary and otl~er property-related crimes. Action 5B-1. Continue to administer Chapter 15.48, Minimum Building Security Standards, of the Municipal Code. Responsibility of: Police Department Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: General Fund Quantified Objective: All new residential units shall com- ply with City standards. Policy 5C. Require new residential developments to comply with the Aircraft Noise/Land Use Compatibility Standards for the San Francisco Interna- tional Airport Plan Area, as contained in the San Mateo County Airport Land Use Plan. Action 5C-1. Review all new residential development shall be reviewed for compliance with the County Airport Land Use Plan. Any incompatible residential use will either be eliminated or mitigation measures will be taken to reduce interior noise levels within the acceptable range in accordance with the Noise Element. Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning and Building Divisions Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: General Fund Quantified Objective: All new residential projects. Policy 5D. Assist owners of existing clwellings to mitigate the Impact of airport noise. ACtion 5D-1. Continue to assist homeowners in insulating units adversely affected by airport noise, pursuant to the Avi- ation Safety and Noise Abatement Act of 1979 (Section 49 USC 2101 et seq.). 89 South San Francisco Housing Element August 1992 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 ~18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 This is a broad-based project to reduce aircraft-associ- ated noise inside residences. This program is available to all owner-occupied households, regardless of income level. It is completely funded by federal and local funds. The program is not yet available to homes occu- pied by renters. After completion of the program for owner-occupied dwellings, the City will initiate a pro- gram to assist renters. The noise insulation program will have a beneficial side effect of providing energy conservation in a large portion of the city. As of March 1990, this program had six phases, as fol- lows: Phase No. of Structures Ststl~s Phase I Phase II Phase III Phase IV Phase V Phase VI Phase VII 12 homes & 2 schools 46 homes 60 homes 44 homes 110 homes 200 homes 100 homes Completed Completed Completed Completed Completed Funded, but not begun. Funding Requested. The City's funding request for Phase VII is $1 million to insulate 100 homes. The request is being reviewed by the Federal Aviation Administration. The City's Engineering Division will continue to apply for additional funding in future years. Responsibility of: Time Frame: Funding Source: Department of Public Works, Engi- neering Division On-going 80 percent Federal Government; 20 percent San Francisco International Airport Quantified Objective: Insulate 300 units between 1990 and 1995 Policy 5E. Foster efforts to conserve energy In residential structures. 90 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 .... 17 18 19 2O 21 ChaPter IV. Housing Plan and Programs Actior 5E-1. Continue to provide information on energy-efficient standards for residential buildings (e.g., brochures and other information). The City promotes the use of passive and active solar systems in new and existing residential buildings. It will continue to ensure that State residential energy conservation building standards are met. Responsibility of: Department of Economic and Community Development, Building Division Time Frame: Onlgoing Funding Source: City Budget Quantified Objective: State standards enforced in all new construction. Action 5E-2. Assist energy conserving modifications in existing residential buildings. The CDBG division will work with Neighborhood Services and PG&E to provide winterization and minor repairs. Responsibility of: CDBG Division Time Frame: On-going Funding Source: CDBG funds Quantified Objective: Ten units annually. 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 SUMMARY OF QUANTIFIED OBJECTIVES Figure35 summarizes the Quantified Objectives by program and income level. The programs in this chapter commit the City of South San Francisco to a construction objective of 2,376 new units, the num- ber needed to meet the City's fair share of regional needs as de- termined by ABAG. In addition, the City plans the rehabilitation or improvement of 870 units. The majority (445) of these units would be available to iow- and very-low-income households, and 125 would be for handicapped households. Other housing assistance programs will provide help for 795 households annually, nearly all of which will be very iow- or Iow- income households. 91 South San Francisco Housing Element August 1992 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 2O 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 The City estimates that housing construction programs in this chapter could produce as many as 2,988 units during the five-year planning period from January 1, 1990, to January 1, 1995 This estimase was derived by projecting the number of units that could be built on the available sites listed in Figure 26. It is assumed that the developers of these sites would take advantage of density bonuses and maximize the possible number of Iow- and very low- income units. Thus, the figure of 2,988 includes the additional units that could be built, by their appropriate income group, under either the Low- and Very Low-income or Senior Density Bonus Programs. (Figure 28 indicates the additional units which might be derived from density bonuses.) While the figures represent the amount of housing for which land is available in South San Francisco, not all of the numbers are expected to be reached within the 1990-1995 planning period. A realistic production rate of 150 to 280 units per year would pro- duce 750 to 1,400 units compared to the total of 2,988 units shown in FigLre 28. On the other hand, if the housing market is stimulated by economic forces, a total of 2,988 new housing units is possible, which is 612 above the remaining ABAG-projected need of 2,376 units. The city recognizes that there is a gap between (1) the number of units that ABAG says is South San Francisco's ~fair share new construction need" (for which adequate land is available in South San Francisco) and (2) the number of new units that are likely to be built, given past trends and the realities of the housing market. Nevertheless, the City will strive to meet its housing objectives to the fullest extent possible within the constraints imposed by the regional and national economies. 92 ' Chapter IV. Housing Plan and Programs Figure 35 Summary of Quantified Objectives by Income Level City of South San Francisco, California Total Very Above Construction Programs Units Low Low Moderate Moderate 1B-1. Private Market Construction 1,567 18 12 217 1,320 2B-1. Mixed Use 126 ' 88 38 2B-2. Second Units 2 2 2B-3. Density Bonus 206 165 41 2B-4 Rezoning near BART station 350 51 100 199 2C-2. Funds to non-profits 60 30 30 2D-3. Land for rental projects 60 30 30 2D-4. Buy-down cost of rental units 5 5 Total Construction 2,376 1 2 9 344 504 1,399 Rehabilitation 1A-1. 2D-2. 2E-4. 3A-2. 3D-1. 5D-1 Total Programs Single-Family Rehabilitation 50 25 25 Improvements to SROs 60 60 Apartment Rehabilitation 85 65 20 Low-income senior home repair 200 190 10 Disabled Access 125 120 5 Airport noise insulation 300 300 Rehabilitation 8 2 0 4 6 0 6 0 3 0 0 Conservation Programs 2D-1. Public Housing 80 80 2D-6. Retain units 'at-risk' 268 268 2E-3. Section 8 342 342 Total Conservation 6 9 0 6 9 0 Assistance Programs 2C-3. Home Sharing 2E-2. Mortgage Credit Certificate Total Assistance 0 0 0 200 135 40 25 15 15 215 135 40 40 93 Appendix A SUMMARY OF HOUSING ELEMENT POLICIES, ACTIONS, AND RESPONSIBILITIES (SHORT TITLES) Summary of Action Respons- Time Funding Quant I fled Iblllty Frame Source Objective GOAL 1: ATTRACTIVE, HEALTHFUL, SAFE HOUSING Policy lA. Low-cost rehabilitation programs. lA-1. Support the Housing Rehabili t&t ion Program. 1A-2. Aggressively enforce housing, building, and safety codes. Policy lB. Provide assistance to stimulate private housing . development. IB-1. Support private market construction. lB-2. Annexation of Site 10 Policy lC. Encourage a variety of housing units In well planned neighborhoods. 1C-1. Review the Zoning Ordinance. 1C-2. Provide adequate public facilities. CDBG Division City Attorney, Building Planning Planning Planning Public Works, Planning On-going On-going On-going In Progress On-going On-going RDA Set-Aside and CDBG General fund NA General Fund General Fund General Fund 50 Units by 1995. NQ 1,567 units by 1995. Complete by 1995. Review and amendments by 1995 NQ Summary of Action Respons- Time Iblllty Frame 1C 3. Promotc quality dcsign in Tcchnical On-going new development and rehab- Advisory ilitation efforts. Group GOAL 2: PROVISION OF HOUSING BY BOTH THE PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTORS Policy 2A. Eliminate const~lnts to affoMable housing. 2A-1. Promote affordable housing. Planning On-going Policy 2B. Stimulate con.ruction of lower co~ units. 2B-1. Encourage a mix of uses in Commercial and Office Zoning Districts. 2B-2. Encourage the development of "Second Housing Units." 2B-3. Grant a "Density Bonus# to developments that include low-income, very iow-income or senior citizen units. 2B-4. Study increasing residential densities around future BART station. 2B-5. Study increasing residential densities in the downtown area. Planning On-going Planning On-going Planninq 1992 Planning In progress Planning Currently authorized Funding Source General Fund NA NA NA NA General Fund General Fund Quantified Objective NQ NQ 126 units by 1995. Two units by 1995. 206 units by 1995. 350 units by 1995. Complete by 1995 A-2 Summary of Action Respons- Ibility Time Frame Funding Source Quantified Objective 2B-6. Appoint a Housing Progr~m.q Administrator. Policy 2C. Support efforts of non-governmental sponsors to generate affordable housing. 2C-1. Maintain a list of major organizations participating in housing-related activities. 2C-2. Allocate Redevelopment funds to non-profit housing agencies. 2C-3. Support home sharing program. Policy 2D. Involve the City directly In retaining and Increasing the supply of affordable housing. 2D-1. Operate and rent 80 units of public housing. 2D-2. Financial assistance for phvsical improvements to SROs. 2D-3. Acquire land for rental pro~ects. Planning Planning CDBG Division ECD Housing Authority RDA RDA 1992-93 On-going 1992-1996 On-going On-going 1992-1995 1992-1995 CDBG, RDA Set-Aside, General Fund City Budget 20 percent RDA Set-Aside 20 percent RDA Set Aside HUD funds and rents 20 percent RDA Set-aside 20 percent RDA Set-aside NQ NQ 60 units by 1995. 200 units, 1990-1995 Preserve 80 units. Upgrade 60 Rooms by 1995 Acquire land for 60 units by 1995. A-3 Summary of Action Respons- Ibility Time Frame Funding Source Quantified Objective 2D-4. 2D-5. 2D-6. Subsidize puzchases o,' buy down the developer's cost of rental units. Limit conversion of apartment units to condominiums. Retain 268 HUD subsidized units "at-risk". Policy 2E. Cooperate with other governmental agencies and take an active Interest In seeking solutions to area-wide housing problems. 2E-1. Support legislation to make housing more affordable for owners and renters. 2E-2. Participate in County's Housing Revenue Bond and Mortgage Credit Certificate programs. 2E-3. 2E-4. Support San Mateo County's Federal Section 8 Housing Assistance Program. Provide interest-free loans for rehabilitating apartments. RDA Planning ECD Planning and City Manager' s Office County Housing ECD CDBG Division 1994-1995 On-going On-going On-going On-qoinq On-going On-going 20 percent RDA Set-aside NA 20 percent RDA Set-aside NA California Debt Limit Allocation Committee HUD HUD 5 units by 1995 NQ Retain 268 at-risk units NQ Issuance of 15 MCCs an- nually. 342 units by 1992. 85 units A-4 Summary of Action Respons- Ibility Time Frame Funding Source Quantified Objective GOAL 3: HOUSING FOR PERSONS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS Policy 3A. Encourage non-profit groups to provide housing for the elderly. 3A-1. Offer a density bonus for senior housing. 3A-2. Fund repairs of homes owned and occupied by Iow-income senior citizens. Planning CDBG Division Policy 3B. Encourage residential board and care facilities for the elderly. 3B-1. Reduce parking requirements for this use. Planning Policy 3C. Handicapped accessible units In all housing projects. 3C-I. Review development plans and require modifications. But lding Policy 3D. Modify existing units to serve the needs of disabled citizens. 3D-1. Provide funds to make housing accessible to the disabled. CDBG Division On-going On-qoinq On-going On-going On-going NA CDBG funds NA NA CDBG funds 50 units by 1995. 200 units by 1995. NQ All projects to meet State and federal standards. 125 units by 1995. A-5 Summary of Action Respons- Ibility Time Frame Funding Source Quantified Objective Policy 3E. Provide for the special housing needs of female-headed households. 3E-1. Encourage childcare facilities within or near affordable housing developments. Policy 3F. Insure provision of affordable housing suitable for large families. 3F-1. Require that 20 percent of all iow income housing units have three or four bedrooms. Policy 3G. Assist the homeless and those et risk of becoming homeless. 3G-1. Emergency rent funds to avoid eviction, or to rent an apart- ment. 3G-2 Funds for transitional housing. GOAL 4: ELIMINATE DISCRIMINATION IN HOUSING Policy 4A. Eliminate housing discrimination by race, sex, age, religion and national origin. 4A-1. Advice and services concerning fair housing laws, rights and remedies. Planning Planning Planning Planning CDBG Division On-going On-going On-going On-going On-going NA NA 20 percent RDA Set-Aside Fund, CDBG 20 percent RDA Set-Aside Fund, CDBG CDBG NQ 15 units by 1995. Allocate $12,000 per year. 550 person- nights per year. 10 cases pursued an- nually. A-6 Summary of Action Respons- Ibility Time Frame Funding Source Quantified Objective GOAL 5: PROTECT HOUSING AND NEIGHBORHOODS FROM HAZARDS Policy 5A. Prohibit new residential development In areas containing major environmental hazards. 5A-1. Review residential projects for ma~or environmental hazards. Planning On-going Policy 5B. Require the design of new housing and neighborhoods to comply with adopted building security standards. 5B-1. Continue to administer Chapter 15.48 of the Municipal Code. Police Dept. On-going Policy 5C. Require new residential developments to comply with the Aircraft NolselLand Use Compatibility Standards. 5C-1. Review new residential develop- ment for compliance with County Land Use Plan. Planning and Building On-going General Fund General Fund General Fund Ail residential projects. Ail new units shall comply with City standards. Ail new pro- jects shall comply with Airport Land Use Plan and City Noise Element. A-7 Summary of Action Respons- Ibility Time Frame Funding Source Quantified Objective Policy 5D. Assist owners of existing dwellings to mitigate the Impact of alrpo~ noise. SD-1 Assist homeowners in insulating units adversely affected by airport noise. Policy 5E. Foster efforts to conserve energy In residential structures. 5E-1. Provide information on energy- efficiency standards. 5E-2. Assist energy conserving modifications in existing residential buildings. Public Works, Engi- neering Buildinq CDBG Division On-going On-qoinq On-going 80 percent federal, 20 percent San Francisco In- ternational Airport City Budqet CDBG funds Insulate 300 units 1990- 1995 State stan- dards met in all new con- struction. Ten units annually. A-8 RESOLUTION NO. 165-92 Exhibit B Revisions to Housing Element Update Text (September 1992 draft) directed by City Council. At their meeting of December 9, 1992 the City Council directed the following revisions be made to the September 1992 draft of the Housing Element. Additions are indicated by a grey st ading over the text and deletions are indicated by a line drawn through the text. 1. Subsection D.l.c. of Chapter III (page 51-52 lines 31-36 and 1-3) is revised to read as follows: c. Noise Level Incompatibility: The major mobile noise source affecting South San Francisco is aircraft from San Francisco International Airport located immediately south of the city. Air traffic above the City follows three identified departure paths and contributes the highest aircraft-related noise levels to the local environment. Takeoffs which impose the most intense noise levels on the widest residential areas are those from Runways 28-Right and 28-Left prt~ecding northwest-ward tllrougl~ the San Bruno (.;ap. Future residential development east of U. S. Highway 101 would be subject to aircraft noise and/or overflight from aircraft departing on Runways 28 of the Shoreline Departure roule. Delailed discussions of avialion noise are contained in the City's Noise Element. 2. Action 2B-2 of Chapter IV (page 71) is revised to read as follows: Action 2B-2. Support the development of "Second Housing Units." In geaeral, a second unit is an additional self-contained living unit, either attached to or detached from the primary residential unit on a single lot. It has cooking, eating, sleeping, and full sanitation facilities. It is also know ~ as a granny flat, in-law unit, or an accessory dwelling. State law permits second units and establishes minimum standards for their development. A local government can either adhere to the State standards or adopt its own second unit ordinance. San Mateo County allows for const_mction of both attached and detached units up to 700 square feet or 35 percent of the size of the main dwelling (to a maximum of 1500 square feet). In So~th San Francisco, a second unit is defined as a separate, complete housekeeping unit with kitchen, sleeping, and full bathroom facilities and whicl: is located on the same parcel or lot and attached to the primary unit. (South San Francisco Municipal Code, Section 20.06 (f).) Second Residential Unit Regulations provide that such units be no larger than six hundred square feet in area, that the lot size be no less than 5,000 ~uare feet in area, that the second unit must utilize the same exterior doorways as the primary unit and that they shall I~ot be metered separately. The City has amended its Zoning Ordinance to allow second units upon the issuance of a Conditional Use Permit provided the unit meets specific standards (see Chapter III, Section B.2.b of this Housing Element). The City will liberalize its second unit ordinance by allowing either unit to be owner-occupied and 'by removing the prohibition on second units in dwellings constructed after 1983--a prohibition now precluded by State law. Responsibility of: Time Frame: Funding Source: Quantified Objective: Department of Economic and Community Development, Planning Division On-going NA Two units by 1995.